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A Study on the Community Press and Central Luzon's IT’S (NOT) ABOUT THE MONEY, MONEY, MONEY: A STUDY ON THE COMMUNITY PRESS AND CENTRAL LUZON’S ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ANNE URIEL CAMARA GUIANG DANICA MAE MALLARI LACSON COLLEGE OF MASS COMMUNICATION UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES DILIMAN JUNE 2017 UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES Bachelor of Arts in Journalism ANNE URIEL CAMARA GUIANG DANICA MAE MALLARI LACSON It’s (Not) About the Money, Money, Money: A Study on the Community Press and Central Luzon’s Economic Development Thesis Adviser: Professor Reynaldo P. Guioguio, PhD College of Mass Communication University of the Philippines Date of Submission 24 May 2017 Thesis Classification F This thesis is available to the public. UNIVERSITY PERMISSION PAGE I hereby grant the University of the Philippines, a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free license to reproduce, publish and publicly distribute copies of this thesis or dissertation in whatever form subject to the provisions of applicable laws, the provisions of the UP IPR policy and any contractual obligation, as well as more specific permission marking the Title Page. Specifically, I grant the following rights to the University: a) To upload a copy of the work in the thesis database of the college/school/institute/department and in any other databases available on the public internet; b) To publish the work in the college/school/institute/department journal, both in print and electronic or digital format and online; and c) To give open access to the above-mentioned work, thus allowing “fair use” of the work in accordance with the provision of the Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines (Republic Act No. 8293), especially for teaching, scholarly, and research purposes. ANNE URIEL CAMARA GUIANG DANICA MAE MALLARI LACSON College of Mass Communication University of the Philippines IT’S (NOT) ABOUT THE MONEY, MONEY, MONEY: A STUDY ON THE COMMUNITY PRESS AND CENTRAL LUZON’S ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT COLLEGE OF MASS COMMUNICATION by ANNE URIEL CAMARA GUIANG DANICA MAE MALLARI LACSON has been approved for the Department of Journalism and the University of the Philippines College of Mass Communication by Professor Reynaldo P. Guioguio, PhD Professor Elena E. Pernia, PhD Dean, College of Mass Communication BIOGRAPHICAL DATA PERSONAL DATA Name Anne Uriel C. Guiang Permanent Address #12 Cireneo Compound, Tapuac District, Dagupan City Cellphone Number +63 917 763 0082 EDUCATION Secondary Level Fourth Honorable Mention, Francisco Q. Duque Medical Foundation Special Science High School, Tapuac District, Dagupan City Primary Level Salutatorian, Creative Montessori Center, Tapuac District, Dagupan City ORGANIZATIONS UP Journalism Club UP Subol Society UP ASTRUM SCIENTIS SORORITY VOX CMC 2017 WORK EXPERIENCE Intern, Philippine Information Agency, June to July 2016 Intern, GMA Kapuso Mo Jessica Soho, June to July 2016 ACHIEVEMENTS College Scholar: 1st Semester AY 2014-2015 and 2nd Semester AY 2015-2016 BIOGRAPHICAL DATA PERSONAL DATA Name Danica Mae M. Lacson Permanent Address 1400 Purok Pau, Calulut, City of San Fernando, Pampanga Cellphone Number +63 917 984 4169 EDUCATION Secondary Level First Honorable Mention, St. Scholastica’s Academy, City of San Fernando, Pampanga Primary Level With Honors, St. Scholastica’s Academy, City of San Fernando, Pampanga ORGANIZATIONS Tinig ng Plaridel WORK EXPERIENCE Intern, Radioworld Broadcasting Corporation 95.1 RW FM, June 2016 Intern, PEPTV Channel 3, July 2016 ACHIEVEMENTS University Scholar: 1st Semester AY 2012-2013 College Scholar: 2nd Semester AY 2013-2014,1st Semester AY 2014-2015, 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015, 1st Semester 2015-2016, 2nd Semester AY 2015-2016 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This thesis was completed with the help and support of many people. First, we offer our deepest gratitude to our GOD Almighty, the author of knowledge and wisdom, for His guidance and unwavering love. For providing us with every bit of support they could give, we are forever grateful to our family, our source of inspiration and strength. Thank you for the patience, the encouragement and for being our inspiration since day one. To the University of the Philippines and the College of Mass Communication, thank you for being a home and being a source of valuable knowledge. Our professors who guided us and taught us with honor and excellence, may our ‘thank you’ reach you. This thesis will never be possible without the guidance of our advisers. To our J 199 adviser, Professor Diosa Labiste, thank you. And to our thesis adviser, Professor Reynaldo Guioguio, we thank you for guiding us in this study, for your comments and assistance. To our respondents, to the community newspapers that trusted us with their words, our sincere thank you. This study will never be completed without your help. May this help the community newspapers in the country to thrive and strive. Lastly, to our relatives, friends and everyone who supported, helped and wished us the best for the completion of our college years through this thesis, thank you! DEDICATION To my parents Melchor and Gina Guiang May this achievement complete the dream that you had for us when you choose to give us the best education you could. Love, Anne, To my parents Armando and Rowena Lacson Everything was possible because of you. And to my grandfather Dominador Mallari May it reach you wherever you are. Love, Danica. ABSTRACT Guiang, A., & Lacson, D. (2017). It’s (Not) About the Money, Money, Money : A Study on the Community Press and Central Luzon’s Economic Development. Unpublished Undergraduate Thesis, University of the Philippines College of Mass Communication. Media institutions, like community newspapers which have close links to the community, reflect the conditions of the society in which they operate that is along with is growth, community newspapers go along. Studies have shown how the economic conditions of the area can make or break a newspaper because of its production dependence on materials of production such as technology, transportation, raw materials and advertising revenues. This thesis examines the effect of the economic development of Central Luzon to its community newspapers by interviewing journalists, publishers, owners and marketing managers of 11 community newspapers currently operating in the region. Interviews with stakeholders like Philippine Information Agency, Pampanga Press Club and Bataan Press Club were also conducted. Community newspapers in the region are affected by the region’s progress through advertisement revenue due to the increasing number of businesses. However, aside from advertisements revenue, economic growth in Central Luzon has minimal positive effect on the newspaper’s circulation, frequency and the paper’s number of staff and pages. viii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Title Page i Approval Sheet ii Biographical Data iii Acknowledgments v Dedication vi Abstract vii Table of Contents viii List of Tables xi List of Charts xii List of Figures xii I. INTRODUCTION 1 A. Background of the Study 1 B. Statement of the Problem and Objectives 9 C. Significance of the Study 10 D. Scope and Limitations 11 ix II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 12 III. STUDY FRAMEWORK A. Theoretical Framework 19 B. Conceptual Framework 21 IV. METHODOLOGY A. Research Designs and Methods 22 B. Locale and Time of the Study 22 C. Respondents of the Study 22 D. Subjects of the Study 23 E. Data Collection Methods 23 F. Research Instruments 23 G. Data Gathered 24 H. Data Analysis 24 V. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION A. History and Profile of Community Newspapers 25 B. Common Features and Challenges of Community Newspapers 40 C. Community Newspapers and Central Luzon’s Economic Development 58 VI. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 64 x VII. IMPLICATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 67 BIBLIOGRAPHY 69 APPENDICES 74 xi LIST OF TABLES Number Title Page 1 Date of Establishment of the Eleven Community Newspapers 57 LIST OF CHARTS Number Title Page 1 Number of Pages per Issue of the Eleven Community Newspapers 42 Interviewed 2 Frequency of Publication of the Eleven Community Newspapers 43 Interviewed 3 Circulation of the Eleven Community Newspapers Interviewed 45 4 Number of Staff of the Eleven Community Newspapers Interviewed 47 5 Monthly Revenue of the Eleven Community Newspapers Interviewed 49 6 Monthly Expenses of the Eleven Community Newspapers 51 Interviewed 7 Type of Ownership of the Eleven Community Newspapers 53 Interviewed LIST OF FIGURES Number Title Page 1 Central Luzon’s Geographical Distribution of the Provinces 5 2 Central Luzon’s Proximity to Metro Manila. 8 xii 3 Model for Critical Political Economy of Mass Media 20 4 Integrated Model for Critical Political Economy of Mass Media 21 1 I. INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study Community newspapers are vital form of media in a society. The presence of a newspaper is a key component of maintaining quality of life in an isolated city, town, barangay or village by promoting and increasing civic engagement in the community in addition to presenting readers with information on decisions affecting their community. What defines a community newspaper is its strict focus on local news as compared to most daily newspapers, which focus on local content in addition to national and international stories. A Southeast Asian archipelago’s geographic dispersion is a natural setting for community newspapers to thrive and for communities to continually prefer reading local news. In category of Asian newspapers, the Pakiran Rakyat which is located in Indonesia’s third largest city and educational center Bandung, is bigger than most Asian provincial newspapers and one of the rare few which are owned by a cooperative of its staff members led by Sakti Alamsyah. It is both a financial and an editorial success with a viable economic enterprise, as well as, a respected mouthpiece of public opinion in West Java. The paper today devotes 70 per cent of its space to editorial matter and 30 per cent to advertising, the maximum allowed by the government (Maslog, 1985).. In the Philippines, community journalism remains glued to the geographic reference of the concept (Maslog, 2012).
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