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Cooling Tips from Narsa

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Cooling Tips from Narsa CoolingCooling TipsTips FromFrom troubleshooting chart road that’s more sensitive to radiator cover, nor a radiator by its size. Visteon’s can keep you from performance, and replacing one takes Paul Verdile told the 2000 NARSA skipping important di- about six hours of R&R labor! Eating convention that to meet its cooling agnostic steps, but real- six hours of labor is not something you performance specifications in even world answers to spe- can afford to do if you intend to run a tighter underhood packages, Ford is cific problems often lie profitable shop. installing two new-design radiators. in the details. Attendees at the semi- NARSA announced that it’s joining They may look like less, but actually of- Anars and trade show of the 2000 con- the industry consortium of MACS and fer equal or more cooling than heavy- vention of the National Automotive the Performance Review Institute of duty designs. Radiator Service Association (NARSA) SAE to provide technicians with per- A two-row radiator typically is a learned how to keep cooling systems formance, durability and fit guidelines high-performance replacement for a running cool in summer and pumping for automotive heat exchangers. The one-row, but Visteon’s new 26mm one- heat into the cabin in winter—on program, which the participants hope row rad has dimpled tubes (which everything from cars to big rigs. will be operating within a year, is in- break up the coolant flow for improved The news out of the show concerns a tended to rate all replacement heat ex- heat transfer) and high fin density—19 number of topics—radiators, pressure changers against OE specs for heat fins per inch. This compares to the tra- testers, thermostats and heaters. There’s transfer, durability (such as salt spray ditional 52mm-thick core—two rows a lot to cover, so let’s get on with it. and pressure cycles for radiators) and of conventional 26mm tubes and 10 proper fit (for example, does it go in fins per inch. The new 26mm one-row, Radiators without cutting and welding on which is being phased into all cars and You can’t afford mistakes with radia- adapters?). many light trucks, beats the 52mm on tors, because today’s high-tech heat ex- With many radiators that are any- heat transfer for all airflow rates and all changers are more expensive than ever. thing but an easy R&R, it’s doubly im- coolant flow rates except the lowest A late-model OE Taurus radiator lists portant to avoid comebacks. So if you (see the graphs pertaining to the Ford for more than $300, unless you can do use aftermarket radiators, you want to Explorer on page 24). However, overall better in the aftermarket. But you’ve know they’ll cool properly under all performance is equal at idle and better got to be very careful about what you operating conditions. for trailer-towing and other high-load buy. Taurus is one of the cars on the You can’t always tell a book by its applications. 22 August 2000 The annual National Automotive Radiator Service Association trade show provided its usual blend of good general tips and specific new applications for keeping things cool when temperatures get hot. BY PAUL WEISSLER A new 36mm “B” tube—with fold- ing process—called CuproBraze—is quire specific downflow radiators with ed-over ends welded at midpoint, cre- very similar to what brought success to PTO openings, and a new aftermarket ating two flow paths, in the shape of the the modern aluminum radiator. It uses source—Behr Heat Transfer Sys- letter B—is the heart of a new one-row a greater temperature range for manu- tems—introduced both this type of ra- radiator Ford is now is installing in F- facturing effectiveness than convention- diator and a crossflow with PTO open- Series pickups and Expedition/Naviga- al aluminum processes. So it permits ing for tilt-hood models. tor SUVs. It replaces the old two-row, smaller aftermarket manufacturers to Jeep Cherokee Radiator. There 52mm job and, except for one small produce quality copper/brass radiators should be no problem getting a radia- coolant flow rate area where the two- at lower cost. tor for a Jeep Cherokee, but there’s an row is slightly better, the one-row is far Copper/brass still dominates the exception—the right-hand-drive mod- superior (see the graph on page 24). heavy-duty and low-price ends of the els sold for postal delivery applications. The bottom line is, you can’t tell a automotive aftermarket. With Cupro- This radiator is not the same as the one radiator’s performance anymore just by Braze, however, copper/brass radiators in LHD models (which won’t fit) and looking at it, or even by measuring or now can compete in the same market as isn’t readily available for a low-volume counting the number of tubes. Until the best automotive aluminum types. model. An all-copper/brass radiator the new rating system is in effect, play The pioneer in this area is Universal drop-in replacement for the aluminum it safe by sticking with the reputable Auto Radiator in Pittsburgh, a medium- core/plastic tank unit in the RHD aftermarket brands (or OE). size aftermarket manufacturer working Cherokee was introduced at the show CuproBraze Brazing. The copper with the assistance of the CDA. by Tanks ’N Tabs, a leading aftermar- industry hasn’t just watched its automo- Heavy-Duty Alternatives. It’s of- ket parts supplier. tive radiator business go down the tubes ten difficult to find aftermarket re- (no pun intended). The Copper Devel- placement radiators for medium- and Pressure Testers opment Association (CDA) has been heavy-duty applications, which (along Saving money on no-name parts or funding development of lightweight, with cost) is why NARSA heavy-duty trying to modify a “universal” radiator solder-free, high-performance and— specialists can keep busy with repair to fit are mistakes a journeyman pro- most important—durable copper/brass work. The pre-1995 medium-duty fessional shouldn’t make. But today alternatives to aluminum core construc- Ford trucks with Cummins engines, you can go just as wrong with stan- tion. The furnace-brazing manufactur- power takeoffs and alligator hoods re- dard-duty parts for heavy-duty situa- August 2000 23 COOLING TIPS FROM NARSA Heat Transfer Performance Curves for 1-Row & 2-Row Radiators 40 40 1-Row, 26mm, 1-Row, 26mm, Dimpled-Tube 35 Dimpled-Tube Design 35 Design (19 fpi) (19 fpi) 30 30 25 25 20 20 15 15 10 2-Row, 26mm 10 2-Row, 26mm Design (10 fpi) Design (10 fpi) 5 5 Heat Transfer Capacity (J/s/cm^2 0 Heat Transfer Capacity (J/s/cm^2 0 Air Speed (m/min) Coolant Flow Rate (kg/min) As the chart on the left shows, the new one-row, 26mm dimpled-tube Visteon radiator outperforms two rows of conventional 26mm tubes at all airflow rates. As seen in the chart on the right, except at very low coolant flow rates, the one-row Visteon radiator also outperforms the two-row in coolant flow testing. Overall, even at idle, the one-row radiator’s performance is better. These particular graphs apply to the Ford Explorer. Source: Visteon tions and last year’s parts on this year’s heavy-duty thermostats (the heavy- cause overheating? Evidence says it model. Peak cooling system tempera- duty power valve is larger in diameter can be a major contributor to a cool- tures are on the rise—almost 300°F and the stat spring is much beefier), ing problem. (with systems pressurized to 25 psi) so don’t skimp against your or your A number of vehicles with inlet since ’99 on some GM trucks, Chevy customer’s “better” judgment. A stan- thermostats (at the coolant entry into Camaro, Pontiac Firebird and dard stat valve will bounce closed and the block) have housings with the Corvette with the new family of open, and won’t maintain stable thermostats staked in place and O- pushrod V8s. These high-temperature coolant temperatures, particularly un- rings or gaskets preinstalled. These systems are just the beginning, as the der heavy loads. Is this enough to stats, which have specific opening cal- vehicle makers work to lower exhaust emissions. The new GM systems have forced Heat Transfer Performance Curves for shops to upgrade their pressure testers Ford’s Light-Duty F-Series Pickups to the 30-psi level. But, although the cooling systems on these vehicles have been designed for the higher pressure, explained Gary Baseley, a Stant train- 32 ing manager, at the convention, he 1-Row, 36mm Radiator cautioned techs not to go more than about 2 psi over the cap specification. 28 Carelessly using one of the new testers and pumping up to 30 psi could “blow the seams” on a marginal radiator or 24 heater core, he said. Thermostats 20 The heavy-duty thermostat used to be something you’d install for a customer Heat Transfer Capacity (J/s/cm^2 2-Row, 26mm Radiator with a motor home if he were vaca- 16 tioning in the mountains. With today’s Coolant Flow Rate (kg/min) systems, though, it may even be stan- The new Visteon one-row, 36mm “B” tube outperforms the two-row, 26mm dard equipment on some vehicles, radiator except for one small area of the coolant flow rate chart. It’s clearly Baseley said. You can easily see the better in the more critical low-flow and high-flow rates of operation.
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