DOCSLIB.ORG

Hypoxia Tolerance and Anaerobic Capacity in Danio and Devario

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Hypoxia Tolerance and Anaerobic Capacity in Danio and Devario HYPOXIA TOLERANCE AND ANAEROBIC CAPACITY IN DANIO AND DEVARIO by Lili Yao B.Sc., Zhejiang University, 2008 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES (Zoology) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Vancouver) December, 2012 © Lili Yao, 2012 ABSTRACT It has been long suggested that hypoxia tolerant species should have a great capacity to generate energy through anaerobic pathways to maintain energy balance when oxygen is limited; however, this assertion has not been rigorously tested. In the present study, I characterized hypoxia tolerance in 12 groups representing 10 species from the genera Danio and Devario (with three strains of D. rerio) and examined whether there is a phylogenetically independent relationship between variation in hypoxia tolerance and anaerobic capacity as judged by enzyme activity and anaerobic substrate concentrations present in various tissues. Hypoxia tolerance was assessed using two measures: time to loss of equilibrium (LOE) and the oxygen tension that yields 50% LOE in a group of fish over 8 hr (TLE50). Time to LOE to low oxygen was very sensitive to changes in water PO2, with no LOE seen over 8 hr in some species at 16 torr (2.1 kPa) and complete LOE within 30 min at 8 torr (1.1 kPa). At 12 torr (1.6 kPa) however, there was significant variation in time to LOE among all the species investigated. In three species (Danio rerio, Danio albolineatus and Danio choprai) time to LOE at 12 torr showed the same pattern of hypoxia tolerance as TLE50. Despite the variation in hypoxia tolerance seen among the species under study, there was very little variation in the critical oxygen tension (Pcrit), which is the environmental PO2 at which fish transition from an oxyregulating strategy to an oxyconforming strategy. Routine M varied between the O2 species, but the variation was primarily explained by body size and not hypoxia tolerance. Anaerobic energy capacity was estimated by measuring maximal enzyme activities of pyruvate kinase (PK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine phosphokinase (CPK), and concentrations of glycogen and glucose in muscle, liver and brain, plus creatine ii phosphate (CrP) and ATP in muscle. Through comparative analysis, I showed that the variation in hypoxia tolerance seen among species was related to some aspects of anaerobic energy metabolism, but not in a consistent fashion, indicating that other factors contribute to describing the variation in hypoxia tolerance. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................... ii TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................................. iv LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................................ vi LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................................... vii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................................ viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................................... x CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Causes of low oxygen in aquatic environments ...................................................... 1 1.2 Definition of aquatic hypoxia ............................................................................... 2 1.3 Oxygen and energy production ................................................................................ 3 1.4 Why hypoxia is bad for fish .................................................................................... 4 1.5 Strategies to enhance hypoxia survival .................................................................. 5 1.5.1 Enhancing oxygen extraction ................................................................... 5 1.5.2 Suppressing metabolic rate .......................................................................... 7 1.5.3 Upregulating anaerobic ATP production ..................................................... 7 1.6 Comparative analysis ................................................................................................ 8 1.7 Danio and Devario ................................................................................................. 10 1.8 Assessment of hypoxia tolerance and anaerobic capacity ...................................... 11 1.9 Thesis objective and hypothesis .............................................................................. 12 CHAPTER TWO: HYPOXIA TOLERANCE AND ANAEROBIC CAPACITY IN DANIO AND DEVARIO .......................................................................................................................... 13 2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 13 2.2 Materials and methods .............................................................................................. 16 2.2.1 Experimental animals .................................................................................. 16 2.2.2 Experimental protocols ................................................................................ 17 2.2.3 Analytical procedures .................................................................................. 21 2.2.4 Phylogenetic analyses ............................................................................... 23 2.2.5 Statistical analyses ....................................................................................... 24 2.3 Results ....................................................................................................................... 25 2.3.1 Phylogenetic relationship .......................................................................... 25 2.3.2 Hypoxia tolerance and respirometry ............................................................ 25 2.3.3 Anaerobic capacity ..................................................................................... 26 iv 2.3.4 Scaling ......................................................................................................... 29 2.4 Discussion ............................................................................................................... 30 2.4.1 The model system ...................................................................................... 30 2.4.2 Hypoxia tolerance ..................................................................................... 32 2.4.3 Hypoxia tolerance and oxygen uptake ..................................................... 36 2.4.4 Hypoxia tolerance and anaerobic capacity ............................................... 38 2.4.5 Conclusion ................................................................................................. 43 CHAPTER THREE: GENERAL DISCUSSION................................................................................ 54 BIBLIOGRAPHY ......................................................................................................................... 60 v LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1 Maximal enzyme activities in 10 species of Danio and Devario …..……… 52 Table 2.2 Metabolite concentrations in 10 species of Danio and Devario ………..….. 53 vi LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1 Time to LOE at 12 torr (a), critical oxygen tension (Pcrit; b), and phylogeny (c) for the Danio spp. and Devario spp. used in this study ……………………………….. 45 Figure 2.2 Correlation between time to LOE at 12 torr and TLE50 …………………… 46 Figure 2.3 M curves in P trials for the Danio spp. and Devario spp. used in this O2 crit study ………………………………………………………………………………….… 47 Figure 2.4 Correlations between TLE50 (Conventional, non-PIC) among 3 species / time to LOE (Conventional, non-PIC) among 3 species / time to LOE (PIC) among 10 species and brain PK, brain LDH and brain CPK ……………………..………………….….… 48 Figure 2.5 Correlations between TLE50 (Conventional, non-PIC) among 3 species / time to LOE (Conventional, non-PIC) among 3 species / time to LOE (PIC) among 9 species and liver PK and liver LDH ………………………………………………………….… 49 Figure 2.6 Correlations between TLE50 (Conventional, non-PIC) among 3 species / time to LOE (Conventional, non-PIC) among 3 species / time to LOE (PIC) among 10 species and muscle PK and muscle ATP …………………………………………………….… 50 Figure 2.7 Correlation between fish whole-body mass and routine M for the Danio O2 spp. and Devario spp. used in this study except for Devario aequipinnatus …………... 51 vii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ADP adenosine diphosphate ANOVA analysis of variance ASR aquatic surface respiration ATP adenosine triphosphate °C degrees Celsius CO2 carbon dioxide CPK creatine phosphokinase CrP creatine phosphate cyt cytochrome EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid DNA deoxyribonucleic acid Hb hemoglobin Hb P50 partial pressure at 50% saturation of hemoglobin by oxygen HEPES hydroxyethyl piperazineethanesulfonic acid HK hexokinase hr hour LDH lactate dehydrogenase LOE loss of equilibrium min minute M oxygen consumption rate O2 mRNA messenger ribonucleic acid N nitrogen 2 NAD+ nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide O oxygen 2 PCR polymerase chain reaction P critical oxygen tension crit viii PFK phosphofructokinase PIC phylogenetically independent contrast PK
Load more

Recommended publications
  • §4-71-6.5 LIST of CONDITIONALLY APPROVED ANIMALS November
    §4-71-6.5 LIST OF CONDITIONALLY APPROVED ANIMALS November 28, 2006 SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME INVERTEBRATES PHYLUM Annelida CLASS Oligochaeta ORDER Plesiopora FAMILY Tubificidae Tubifex (all species in genus) worm, tubifex PHYLUM Arthropoda CLASS Crustacea ORDER Anostraca FAMILY Artemiidae Artemia (all species in genus) shrimp, brine ORDER Cladocera FAMILY Daphnidae Daphnia (all species in genus) flea, water ORDER Decapoda FAMILY Atelecyclidae Erimacrus isenbeckii crab, horsehair FAMILY Cancridae Cancer antennarius crab, California rock Cancer anthonyi crab, yellowstone Cancer borealis crab, Jonah Cancer magister crab, dungeness Cancer productus crab, rock (red) FAMILY Geryonidae Geryon affinis crab, golden FAMILY Lithodidae Paralithodes camtschatica crab, Alaskan king FAMILY Majidae Chionocetes bairdi crab, snow Chionocetes opilio crab, snow 1 CONDITIONAL ANIMAL LIST §4-71-6.5 SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME Chionocetes tanneri crab, snow FAMILY Nephropidae Homarus (all species in genus) lobster, true FAMILY Palaemonidae Macrobrachium lar shrimp, freshwater Macrobrachium rosenbergi prawn, giant long-legged FAMILY Palinuridae Jasus (all species in genus) crayfish, saltwater; lobster Panulirus argus lobster, Atlantic spiny Panulirus longipes femoristriga crayfish, saltwater Panulirus pencillatus lobster, spiny FAMILY Portunidae Callinectes sapidus crab, blue Scylla serrata crab, Samoan; serrate, swimming FAMILY Raninidae Ranina ranina crab, spanner; red frog, Hawaiian CLASS Insecta ORDER Coleoptera FAMILY Tenebrionidae Tenebrio molitor mealworm,
    [Show full text]
  • Fish Diversity of the Vatrak Stream, Sabarmati River System, Rajasthan
    Rec. zool. Surv. India: Vol. 117(3)/ 214-220, 2017 ISSN (Online) : (Applied for) DOI: 10.26515/rzsi/v117/i3/2017/120965 ISSN (Print) : 0375-1511 Fish diversity of the Vatrak stream, Sabarmati River system, Rajasthan Harinder Singh Banyal* and Sanjeev Kumar Desert Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Jodhpur – 342005, Rajasthan, India; [email protected] Abstract Five species of fishes belonging to order cypriniformes from Vatrak stream of Rajasthan has been described. Taxonomic detailsKeywords along: with ecology of the fish fauna and stream morphology are also discussed. Diversity, Fish, Rajasthan, stream morphology, Vatrak Introduction Sei joins from right. Sabarmati River originates from Aravalli hills near village Tepur in Udaipur district of Rajasthan, the biggest state in India is well known for its Rajasthan and flows for 371 km before finally merging diverse topography. The state of Rajasthan can be divided with the Arabian Sea. Thus the Basin of Sabarmati River into the following geographical regions viz.: western and encompasses states of Rajasthan and Gujarat covering north western region, well known for the Thar Desert; the an area of 21,674 Sq.km between 70°58’ to 73°51’ East eastern region famous for the Aravalli hills, whereas, the longitudes and 22°15’ to 24°47’ North latitudes. The southern part of the state with its stony landscape offers Vatrak stream basin is circumscribed by Aravalli hills typical sites for water resource development where most on the north and north-east, Rann of Kachchh on the of the man-made reservoirs are present. Mahi River basin west and Gulf of Khambhat on the south.
    [Show full text]
  • A Complex Genetic Architecture in Zebrafish Relatives Danio
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.21.427615; this version posted January 21, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. A complex genetic architecture in zebrafish relatives Danio quagga and D. kyathit underlies development of stripes and spots Braedan M. McCluskey*, Susumu Uji†, Joseph L. Mancusi*, John H. Postlethwait‡, David M. Parichy*§ * Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904 † Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 422-1 Nakatsuhamaura Minami-ise, Watarai Mie 516-0193 JAPAN ‡ Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97401 § Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903 RAD-seq data is available through the National Center for Biotechnology Information Short Read Archive (PRJNA__######__). Quantitative trait information and genotypes are available at https:// zenodo.org/record/__######__. Stripe and spot QTL in Danio Key words: Pigmentation, Complex traits, QTL mapping, Natural genetic variation, Evolution, Zebrafish Corresponding author: David M. Parichy Department of Biology and Department of Cell Biology University of Virginia 485 McCormick Road P.O. Box 400328 Charlottesville, VA 22904 (434) 982-6162 [email protected] 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.21.427615; this version posted January 21, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.
    [Show full text]
  • Recycled Fish Sculpture (.PDF)
    Recycled Fish Sculpture Name:__________ Fish: are a paraphyletic group of organisms that consist of all gill-bearing aquatic vertebrate animals that lack limbs with digits. At 32,000 species, fish exhibit greater species diversity than any other group of vertebrates. Sculpture: is three-dimensional artwork created by shaping or combining hard materials—typically stone such as marble—or metal, glass, or wood. Softer ("plastic") materials can also be used, such as clay, textiles, plastics, polymers and softer metals. They may be assembled such as by welding or gluing or by firing, molded or cast. Researched Photo Source: Alaskan Rainbow STEP ONE: CHOOSE one fish from the attached Fish Names list. Trout STEP TWO: RESEARCH on-line and complete the attached K/U Fish Research Sheet. STEP THREE: DRAW 3 conceptual sketches with colour pencil crayons of possible visual images that represent your researched fish. STEP FOUR: Once your fish designs are approved by the teacher, DRAW a representational outline of your fish on the 18 x24 and then add VALUE and COLOUR . CONSIDER: Individual shapes and forms for the various parts you will cut out of recycled pop aluminum cans (such as individual scales, gills, fins etc.) STEP FIVE: CUT OUT using scissors the various individual sections of your chosen fish from recycled pop aluminum cans. OVERLAY them on top of your 18 x 24 Representational Outline 18 x 24 Drawing representational drawing to judge the shape and size of each piece. STEP SIX: Once you have cut out all your shapes and forms, GLUE the various pieces together with a glue gun.
    [Show full text]
  • Teleostei: Cyprinidae)
    1 Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters/IEF-1143/pp. 1-18 Published 22 September 2020 LSID: http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6635A59D-1098-46F6-817D-87817AD2AF0F DOI: http://doi.org/10.23788/IEF-1143 Devario pullatus and D. subviridis, two new species of minnows from Laos (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) Maurice Kottelat Devario pullatus, new species, is described from the Nam Ngiep watershed, Mekong drainage. It is distinguished from all other species of the genus by its unique colour pattern in adults, consisting only in a dark brown stripe P from gill opening to end of caudal peduncle, widest on middle of flank, narrowest at beginning of caudal peduncle, widening again until caudal-fin base. Devario subviridis, new species, is described from the edge of Nakai Plateau, in Xe Bangfai watershed, Mekong drainage. It is distinguished from all other species of the genus by its unique colour pattern in adults, consisting in a dark brown stripe P from gill opening to end of caudal peduncle, contin- ued on median caudal-fin rays, wider and less contrasted in anterior part of flank, and, within it an irregular row of short, narrow, vermiculated yellowish lines. Devario cf. quangbinhensis is reported from Laos for the first time. Introduction Material and methods Cyprinid fishes of the genus Devario typically oc- Measurements and counts follow Kottelat (2001) cur in moderate to swift flowing water of small and Kottelat & Freyhof (2007). The last 2 branched streams with clear and cool water. The genus is dorsal and anal-fin rays articulating on a single 1 known throughout South and mainland Southeast pterygiophore are noted as “1 /2”.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Status of Devario Assamensis Barman, 1984 (Pisces: Cyprinidae) with Comments on Distribution of Devarid Regina Fowler, 1934
    ISSN 0375-1511 Rec. zool. Sum India: 112(Part-2) : 53-55, 2012 ON THE STATUS OF DEVARIO ASSAMENSIS BARMAN, 1984 (PISCES: CYPRINIDAE) WITH COMMENTS ON DISTRIBUTION OF DEVARID REGINA FOWLER, 1934 R.P. BARMAN* AND 5.5. MISHRA Zoological Survey of India, FPS Building, Kolkata - 700 053 *[email protected] Past two decades have witnessed sea-change in 14.xi.1939, Dr. S.L. Hora; FF 1862, 1 ex. (paratype), the systematics of the Danionin fishes 60 mm, other details as of Holotype. (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae), especially by the discovery of several species in Myanmar region. Many Danionin species have been moved into different genera, in some cases repeatedly; similarly some species have been synonymised with other species and even in some cases later unsynonymised, all of which has caused a lot of confusion. In the same process, Danio assamensis, described from Assam by Barman (1984), has been redescribed by Tilak and Jain (1987), but relegated to synonymy of Danio regina Fowler by Talwar and Jhingran (1991) without discussion or assigning any reason. Menon (1999) and Jayaram (1999) followed the same synonymy. This resulted in report of Danio regina from Assam, India (Kapoor et aI, 2002) and even record of it from West Bengal Fig. 1. Head region showing (A) preorbital spine and (Patra and Datta, 2010). Kullander (2001) (B) supraorbital spine, and lateral view of Devario considered the former a valid species and now it assamensis (Barman) (Holotype). is placed under genus Devario Heckel. Diagnosis: D ii, 12; A ii, 16-17; P 12; LL 36; Ltr This paper is planed to provide diagnosis of 71J2/21h; predorsal scales 16; scales around caudal Devario assamensis (Barman) and to distinguish it peduncle 14; barbels 2 pairs, short.
    [Show full text]
  • Genetic and Genomic Analyses Using RAD-Seq and Stacks De Novo Assembly of RAD Tags Without a Genome for Phylogenetic Analysis
    Genetic and genomic analyses using RAD-seq and Stacks de novo assembly of RAD tags without a genome for phylogenetic analysis Instructors: Julian Catchen <[email protected]> Department of Animal Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign William Cresko <[email protected]> Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon Datasets and Software • Data sets - All are produced using an Illumina HiSeq 2500 sequencer • Dataset 6 (DS6) - This is a set of population genomic data from several Danio species. The dataset comprises 1 individual from each of 15 species, 13 Danios and two outgroups. These data are from McClusckey and Postlethwait, 2015. • Software - All are open source software • Stacks (http://catchenlab.life.illinois.edu/stacks/) - A set of interconnected open source programs designed initially for the de novo assembly of RAD sequences into loci for genetic maps, and extended to be used more flexibly in studies of organisms with and without a reference genome. • RAxML (http://sco.h-its.org/exelixis/web/software/raxml/index.html) - A software program written by the Exelixis Lab for the construction of maximum likelihood phylogenetic trees. !1 Exercise IV. Building a RADseq-based Phylogenetic Tree 1. In this exercise we will be working on a set of RAD-seq data taken from a number of Danio species, and two outgroups to Danio. We want to understand how these species relate to one another phylogenetically by examining variable sites between the genomes of these 15 species. The data set includes one sample per species. Our goal is to process the raw RAD data and reconstruct loci shared across the species.
    [Show full text]
  • Danio Annulosus, a New Species of Chain Danio from the Shuvolong Falls in Bangladesh (Teleostei: Cyprinidae: Danioninae)
    Zootaxa 3994 (1): 053–068 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2015 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3994.1.2 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:4E33E448-C5CB-42F9-9466-BF58ACFC5694 Danio annulosus, a new species of chain Danio from the Shuvolong Falls in Bangladesh (Teleostei: Cyprinidae: Danioninae) SVEN O. KULLANDER1, MD. MIZANUR RAHMAN2, MICHAEL NORÉN1 & ABDUR ROB MOLLAH2 1Department of Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, PO Box 50007, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] 2Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh: E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] Abstract Danio annulosus, new species, is described from a small pool below the Shuvolong Falls in the Kaptai Lake system in Bangladesh. It shares with chain danios (D. assamila, D. dangila, D. catenatus, D. concatenatus, and D. sysphigmatus) a colour pattern consisting of series of dark rings with light interspaces along the side, complete lateral line, 14 cir- cumpeduncular scales, a produced first ray in the pectoral fin, and a black humeral spot. It differs from other chain danios in possessing much shorter pectoral and pelvic fins, and a humeral spot that is slightly wider than deep instead of round or deeper than wide. The mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequence separates D. annulosus from the most similar species, D. catenatus by a p-distance of 3.4%. Although recorded from only a single locality, Danio annulo- sus is expected to have a wider distribution in the Karnafuli River drainage.
    [Show full text]
  • Danio Rerio) Ecological Risk Screening Summary
    Zebra Danio (Danio rerio) Ecological Risk Screening Summary U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, January 2016 Revised, March 2018 Web Version, 7/5/2018 Photo: Pogrebnoj-Alexandroff. Licensed under Creative Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0). Available: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Danio_rerio_lab_left.JPG. (March 2018). 1 Native Range and Status in the United States Native Range From Froese and Pauly (2018): “Asia: Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Nepal and Myanmar [Menon 1999]. Reported from Bhutan [Petr 1999].” From Nico et al (2018): “Tropical Asia. Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, and Nepal (Talwar and Jhingran 1991). Also reported from Myanmar (Menon 1999) and Bhutan (Petr 1999).” 1 Status in the United States From Nico et al. (2018): “This species was reported from the Westminster flood control channel near a fish farm in Westminster, Orange County, California, in 1968 (St. Amant and Hoover 1969; Courtenay et al. 1984, 1991). Specimens ranging from 2-4 cm were captured in the Thames River drainage in Connecticut in 1985 (Whitworth 1996). It was recorded from Lake Worth Drainage District canal L-15 adjacent to fish farm in Palm Beach County, Florida, in the early 1970s (Courtenay and Robins 1973; Courtenay et al. 1974). Specimens also were taken from two sites adjacent to fish farms in Hillsborough County, including a ditch in Gibsonton, and from a site in Adamsville (Courtenay and Hensley 1979; museum specimen). The species was locally established in McCauley Spring in Sandoval County, New Mexico (Sublette et al. 1990; M. Hatch, personal communication).” “Extirpated in New Mexico by 2003 (S. Platania, pers.comm); reported from California, Connecticut, and Florida.” From Lever (1996): “Naturalized in Wyoming.
    [Show full text]
  • Aquatic Design Centre
    AQUATIC DESIGN CENTRE Tropical Fish List (March 2017) Scientific Name Common Name Ancistrus cf. cirrhosus Albino Bristlenose Catfish Y Ancistrus cf. cirrhosus Red Bristlenose Cat Y Ancistrus cirrhosus Bristlenose Catfish Y Ancistrus dolichopterus Super Gold Ancistrus Y Ancistrus sp. Gold XL Y Aphyocharax rathbuni Rathbuni tetra Y Aphyosemion/Fundulopanchax gardneri Blue Lyretail/blue Gardneri Killi Y Aplocheilichthys normani Lampeye Killifish/Normans Lampeye Y Axelrodia riesei Ruby Tetra Y Badis badis Neon Blue Perch Y Badis badis Blue Perch Y Barbus conchonius Rosy Barb Y Barbus semifasciolatus Gold Barb Y Barbus tetrazonia Tiger Barb Y Barbus tetrazonia Green Tiger Barb Y Barbus tetrazonia Albino Tiger Barb Y Barbus titteya Cherry Barb Y Bedotia geayi Madagascar Rainbow Y Betta Brownorum Y Betta brownorum Y Betta splendens Veil Tail Male - Siamese fighting fish Y Betta splendens Female - Siamese fighting fish Y Betta splendens Over Halfmoon Y Betta splendens Plakat Y Betta splendens Solid Betta splendens Combtail Y Betta splendens Double Tail Betta splendens Super Delta Y Betta splendens Spade Tail Y Betta splendens Round Tail Boehlkea fredcochui Cochu's Blue tetra Y Boraras brigittae Chilli/Mosquito Rasbora Y Botia histrionica Burmese Loach Y Botia Striata Zebra Loach Y Brachydanio albolineatus Pearl Danio Y Brachydanio kyathit Fire Ring Danio Y Brachydanio rerio Zebra Danio Y Brachydanio sp. Hikari Danio Y Brevibora dorsiocellata Eyespot Rasbora Y Cardisoma armatum Rainbow Crab Y Carinotetraodon travancoricus Freshwater Puffer Y Celestichthys
    [Show full text]
  • November 11, 2014 London Aquaria Society a Representative from Northfin Fish Foods, Will Be at This Months Meeting
    Volume 58, Issue 9 November 11, 2014 London Aquaria Society www.londonaquariasociety.com A Representative from Northfin Fish foods, will be at this months meeting. Celestial Pearl Danio new species. 2007 recount that when an (Danio margaritatus) I was stunned to see this eminent Thai fish exporter first luxurious combination of colors shared photos of this fish on the internet in 2006, some aquarists 2013.06.07 · by younglandis · — gold spots upon dark teal, fins were skeptical and thought the in Actinopterygii, Cyprinifor- trimmed with bright strawberry- photos to be Photoshopped mes, Freshwater Fish. · red. And this bombastic name — jokes. The beauty of this so- galaxy rasbora — seemed so au- Danio margaritatus, the dacious for a tiny fish that could called “galaxy rasbora” seemed celestial pearl danio, is a small barely stretch across a U.S. nickel too good to be true. cyprinid from Burma. (Image coin (0.8 inches/2.1 cm). But the joke was on the skeptics Credit: TropicalFiskKeep- It was an unbelievably beautiful when within weeks, live speci- ing.com) fish. And as it turns out, many mens became available for sale. Sometimes, a fish can people did not believe it was a Eventually, a shipment of speci- simply leave you speech- real fish either, at first. mens was sent to Tyson Rob- less. Leaving you to simply A Practical Fishkeeping article erts, a research associate of the mutter, “Wow.” That was my from 2010 and a Tropical Fish Smithsonian Tropical Research reaction when I saw the photo M a g a z i n e article from Institute.
    [Show full text]
  • Record of Two Threatened Fish Species Under Genus Barilius
    World Wide Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development WWJMRD 2017; 3(8): 79-83 www.wwjmrd.com International Journal Peer Reviewed Journal Record of two Threatened Fish Species under Genus Refereed Journal Indexed Journal Barilius Hamilton, 1822 from Paschim Medinipur UGC Approved Journal Impact Factor MJIF: 4.25 District of West Bengal e-ISSN: 2454-6615 Angsuman Chanda Angsuman Chanda PG Dept. of Zoology, Raja N. L. Khan Women’s College, Abstract Midnapur, Paschim Medinipur, Present study reveals that the genus Barilius represents two closely related species, B. barna West Bengal, India (Hamilton, 1822) and B. vagra (Hamilton, 1822) in the freshwater system of Paschim Medinipur District of West Bengal, India. Apparently these two species seems to be the same species because of their similar pattern of vertical stripes on the upper half of lateral side and laterally compressed body as well as more or less similar body colour. But closer examination can distinguish these two species by convex ventral margin and absence of barbells in B. barna. Both the species is being first time reported from South Bengal, Paschim Medinipur District. Keywords: B. barna, B. vagra, Distinguish, Reported Introduction Small indigenous freshwater fish are often an important ingredient in the diet of village people who live in the proximity of freshwater bodies. Word „Indigenous‟ means the originating in and characteristic faunal or floral components of a particular region or country & native nature. Small indigenous freshwater fish species (SIF) are defined as fishes which grow to the size of 25-30 cm in mature or adult stage of their life cycle (Felts et al, 1996).
    [Show full text]