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A Study of Basidiomycetes Isolated from Coarse Woody Debris And University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository Doctoral Dissertations Student Scholarship Fall 2004 A study of basidiomycetes isolated from coarse woody debris and contiguous soil horizons in a mixed deciduous-conifer forest in New Hampshire, United States of America Therese Ann Thompson University of New Hampshire, Durham Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation Recommended Citation Thompson, Therese Ann, "A study of basidiomycetes isolated from coarse woody debris and contiguous soil horizons in a mixed deciduous-conifer forest in New Hampshire, United States of America" (2004). Doctoral Dissertations. 238. https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation/238 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Ph.D. DISSERTATION A STUDY OF BASIDIOMYCETES ISOLATED FROM COARSE WOODY DEBRIS AND CONTIGUOUS SOIL HORIZONS IN A MIXED DECIDUOUS-CONIFER FOREST IN NEW HAMPSHIRE, USA BY Therese Ann Thompson BS, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, 1989 MS, University of New Hampshire, 1998 DISSERTATION Submitted to the University of New Hampshire in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Plant Biology September, 2004 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. UMI Number: 3144756 INFORMATION TO USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleed-through, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. ® UMI UMI Microform 3144756 Copyright 2004 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest Information and Learning Company 300 North Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Ph.D. DISSERTATION This dissertation has been examined and approved. 0 . Dissertation Director, Robert O. Blanchard Professor of Plant Biology i \ j L A > - y v FT Kevin T. Smith, Affiliate Associate Professor of Plant Biology and Project Leader, Northeastern Research Station, USDA Forest Service , Extension Professor, PlanfHealth ett E. Crow, Ptofessor of Botany / Chair Plant Biology 1, Professor of Biology, Univer! of Western Ontario Datee </ Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to my advisor, Dr. Robert O. Blanchard, and my husband, Dr. Kevin Thompson. Dr. Blanchard’s unending support during my MS and PhD degrees and his patience with my many life’s up and downs has been greatly appreciated. He never pressured me and I am sure he wondered many times whether this dissertation would ever get done. I would NOT be who I am nor be where I am without Dr. Blanchard taking on the un-known student from out of state. Kevin provided an environment where I could finish both of these degrees in order to pursue a new career in teaching. I l l Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I have many people to thank for their contributions to the completion of my dissertation. First of all, I thank my Dissertation Committee: Drs. Robert O. Blanchard (advisor), Garrett E. Crow, Kevin T. Smith, Cheryl A. Smith, and R. Greg Thorn for their support and advice in so many ways in bringing this work to fruition. I also thank the many faculty and staff members who supported me in a variety or ways including loqn of equipment, assistance in media preparation and applications, supervision of teaching responsibilities, advice on laboratory and field techniques, and most importantly listening to and encouraging me during the ups and downs of graduate study. These supporters include faculty: Drs. A. Linn Bogle, Lee F. Seidel, Edward Tillinghast, Janet Sullivan, Lee S. Jahnke, Wayne R. Fagerberg, Harry J. Richards, Marianne K. Litvaitis, Estelle M. Hrabak, Subhash C. Minocha, Robert M. Zsigray; others: Drs. Karen K. Nakasone, Harold H. Burdsall Jr., Suki C. Croan, Jessie A. Micales, Andi Grossman, Naomi Etheridge; and staff members: Carl F. Vaughan, Francis R. Hallahan, Joe J. Danahy, Beverly Conway, Ron P. Bergeron, Lisa A. Nugent, Sherry A. Palmer, Jon Janelle, Robert E. Mooney, Aimee Howe, Bill Folger, Cindy Dodds, and Carla A. Clarke. I thank my fellow graduate students, particularly Laura Dimeglio and Kelly Vining, for sharing their knowledge, giving me technical advice, and providing friendship and understanding. Collection and analysis of data would not have been possible without the support of laboratory assistants and I thank Gail Dailey, Dorothy Perkins, Linda Rivard, Jessica Soroka, Scott Hazen, Lowry Lindsey, Matt Robblee, Reid Emmerich, and Sean Rogers for their support. For being there when I needed them, a special thanks to Drs. Virginia E. Garland, Sofia and William Haffenreffer and Nancy Frederick. Finally, I thank my family: my mother, Margarete Kresz, who taught me to love science and the outdoors, my sister Beverly Compton, for her care of our mother during her last years of life, my father, Sidney Keifer for teaching me to never give up, and my husband Kevin, for his patience and love. This research was funded by the New Hampshire Agricultural Experimental Station, Mclntire-Stennis funds. Many thanks to the Edith Fredericks Jones Fellowship, UNH Graduate Teaching Assistant Fellowship Summer 1999, and several UNH Graduate Research Enhancement Awards: Spring 1999, Fall 1998, Spring 1998, Spring 1997, Spring 1996. IV Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. TABLE OF CONTENTS APPROVAL PAGE..................................................................................................ii DEDICATION........................................................................................................... iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS............................... iv LIST OF TABLES..................... viii LIST OF FIGURES................................................................................................. xi LIST OF APPENDICES........................................................................................ xv ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................... xvii CHAPTER PAGE INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................... 1 Objectives ......................................................................................................7 I. FOREST COMMUNITY DESCRIPTION............................................................8 Introduction ....................................................................................................8 Research Sites .............................................................................................10 Materials and Methods ........................................................................15 Results ......................................................................................................... 16 Discussion ....................................................................................................23 II. FUNGAL CULTURE EVALUATION TECHNIQUES........................................26 Introduction ............................................................................................... 26 Culture M edia ................... 26 Polyphenol Oxidase Testing ........................................................... 26 Morphological Studies ..................................................................... 27 Somatic Incompatibility ....................................................................27 Molecular Testing .............................................................................30 DNA Extraction .................................................................................36 Materials and Methods ................................................................................38 Culture M edia ...................................................................................38 Polyphenol Oxidase Testing ........................................................... 39 Morphological Studies .............................................. 41 Somatic Incompatibility ...................................................................43 Molecular Testing ............................................................................ 45 V Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. DNA Extraction ..................................................................... 45 Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) .................................... 45 Electrophoresis ....................................................................
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