DOCSLIB.ORG

Redalyc.Activity of Plant Aqueous Extracts on Bacillus Thuringiensis

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Redalyc.Activity of Plant Aqueous Extracts on Bacillus Thuringiensis Semina: Ciências Agrárias ISSN: 1676-546X [email protected] Universidade Estadual de Londrina Brasil Vilani, Andréia; Lozano, Everton Ricardi; Potrich, Michele; Angeli Alves, Luis Francisco; Martins Costa Maia, Fabiana; Dall Agnol de Lima, Jackeline; de Gouvea, Alfredo Activity of plant aqueous extracts on Bacillus thuringiensis and their interactions on Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Erebinae) Semina: Ciências Agrárias, vol. 38, núm. 2, marzo-abril, 2017, pp. 1051-1057 Universidade Estadual de Londrina Londrina, Brasil Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=445750711044 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative COMUNICAÇÕES CIENTÍFICAS/SHORT COMMUNICATIONS DOI: 10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n2p1051 Activity of plant aqueous extracts on Bacillus thuringiensis and their interactions on Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Erebinae) Atividade de extratos vegetais aquosos sobre Bacillus thuringiensis e a interação destes sobre Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: AGRONOMIA Erebinae) Andréia Vilani 1; Everton Ricardi Lozano 2* ; Michele Potrich 2; Luis Francisco Angeli Alves 3; Fabiana Martins Costa Maia 2; Jackeline Dall Agnol de Lima 4; Alfredo de Gouvea 2 Abstract The association of plant extracts and B. thuringiensis may be important in situations that control of dierent insects species is required and/or control of insects in various development stages. However, extracts may have dierent eects on B. thuringiensis , compromising their mode of action. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the activity of aqueous plant extracts on Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (Btk) and their interactions on Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Erebinae). Cherry plant extracts ( Eugenia uniora ), pepper ( Capsicum baccatum ), trumpet ( Brugmansia suaveolens ) and grape japan ( Hovenia dulcis ), were used at 5% concentrations. For compatibility studies, the extracts were mixed with Thuricide ® (Btk) and the parameters evaluated were Colony Formation Units (CFU mL -1 ) for spores and, the A. gemmatalis mortality for crystals. The cherry extracts, pepper, and japan grape completely inhibited the CFU ml -1 of Btk and the cherry extract alone negatively aected the toxicity of Btk crystals, with signicantly lower mortality of A. gemmatalis (20.40%) than that observed in the control with only Btk (79.44%). In the association between cherry, pepper, and grape japan extracts with B. thuringiensis, the extracts exhibited a negative eect in the formation of CFU. The cherry extract demonstrated a negative eect on crystals action. Key words : Entomopathogenic bacteria. Associated control. Botanical extracts. Resumo A associação de extratos vegetais e B. thuringiensis pode ser importante em situações que em que se necessite controlar diferentes espécies de insetos-praga e ou insetos em diferentes fases de desenvolvimento. No entanto, os extratos podem apresentar diferentes efeitos sobre B. thuringiensis, comprometendo o seu modo de ação. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de extratos vegetais aquosos sobre Bacillus thuringiensis subesp. kurstaki (Btk) e a interação destes sobre Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Erebinae). Foram utilizados extratos vegetais aquosos de pitanga ( Eugenia 1 M.e em Agronomia, Produção Vegetal, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, UTFPR, Campus Pato Branco, PR, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Profs. Drs., UTFPR, Campus Dois Vizinhos, PR, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] ; [email protected] ; fabeezoo@ gmail.com ; [email protected] 3 Prof. Dr., Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, UNIOESTE, Campus Cascavel, PR, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] 4 Discente, Curso de Zootecnia, Bolsista Programa de Educação Tutorial, PET, Fundo Nacional da Educação, FNDE, Campus Dois Vizinhos, PR, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] * Author for correspondence Received: Oct. 21, 2015 - Approved: Dec. 02, 2016 1051 Sein: Cinci Arri, ondrin, v. 38, n. 2, p. 1051-1058, r./r. 2017 ini, A. et . uniora ), pimenta ( Capsicum baccatum ), trombeta ( Brugmansia suaveolens ) e uva-do-japão ( Hovenia dulcis ), na concentração de 5%. Para estudar a comaptiilidade a B. thuringiensis , os extratos foram misturados com Thuricide ® (Btk) e, os parâmetros avaliados foram unidades formadoras de colônia (UFC mL -1 ) para esporos e, para cristais, a mortalidade de A. gemmatalis . Os extratos de pitanga, pimenta e uva-do-japão inibiram totalmente a formação de UFC mL -1 de Btk e, apenas o extrato de pitanga afetou negativamente a toxicidade dos cristais de Btk, com redução signicativa da mortalidade de A. gemmatalis (20,40%), em relação à testemunha Btk (79,44%). Na associação entre os extratos de pitanga, pimenta e uva-do-japão com B. thuringiensis estes interferem negativamente na formação de UFC e o extrato de pitanga apresenta efeito negativo para a ação dos cristais. Palavras-chave : Bactéria entomopatogênica. Controle associado. Extratos botânicos. Applied biological control with the use of on the insect pest, promoting high susceptible, to entomopathogenic bacteria, mainly Bacillus B. thuringiensis resulting in faster action of the thuringiensis Berliner (Bacillaceae) and the use pathogen or increasing insect mortality. of natural products such as plant extracts should The association of the of B. thuringiensis with be investigated for the control of insect pests, cypress extract, Taxodium distichum L. Rich especially in alternative production systems. In (Taxodiaceae) increased virulence of the bacteria on general, the mode of action of Bacillus thuringiensis insects of stored grains (SABBOUR, 2003). is dependent on the action of the spores and crystals in insects gut cells. It takes into account The Myrtaceae and Solanaceae families stand out the solubilization steps of the crystal protein, the among the plants with insecticide potential due to the protease action in the activation of endotoxin and presence of alkaloids and limonoids, respectively, in binding of toxins activated to specic receptors in their compounds, which have been known to have the of insect midgut. insecticidal eects. There are reports of Eugenia uniora L (Myrtaceae) possessing compounds with The secondary metabolites present in plants, insecticidal activity for the diamondback moth among their other functions, can act as defensive Plutella xylostella L. (Lep: Plutellidae) (TORRES agents against pathogens and herbivores attack, et al., 2001) and Coleoptera (DEQUECH et al., particularly insects (ISMAN, 2006) and may have 2008). In addition, there are records of compounds acute and chronic insecticide eects, deterrence and from Solanaceae species of the genera Capsicum repellence action, among others. with insecticidal eects on Coleoptera (DEQUECH Bacillus thuringiensis may be used alone or et al., 2008) and Brugmansia genera on Haematobia associated with plant extracts for the control of insect irritans L. (Diptera: Muscidae) (CARRILLO et al., pests (SILVA et al., 2012.). This association can 2011). be important, especially in situations that required Taking this into account and considering that the control of dierent insects species and/or in various type and concentration of secondary metabolites development stages. The association of plant extracts may vary according to species and plant tissues and B. thuringiensis may be synergistic, indierent, used, the form of compounds extraction, the or antagonistic. In the case of antagonism, chemicals species and the target insect stage, studies aimed can negatively aect entomopathogens, inhibiting at the interaction of these with B. thuringiensis are vegetative growth and sporulation or even causing important for the improvement and or development genetic mutations resulting in virulence decreased of insect pest control strategies. Thus, the objective of the specic pests (ALVES et al., 1998). In turn, of this study was to evaluate the eect of aqueous the synergistic interaction can cause a stressor eect plant extracts on Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. 1052 Sein: Cinci Arri, ondrin, v. 38, n. 2, p. 1051-1058, r./r. 2017 Activit o pnt eo etrct on Bacillus thuringiensis nd t eir interction on Anticarsia gemmatalis epidopter: ... kurstaki and the interaction of these on Anticarsia at the concentration of 4.1 × 10 5 spores mL -1 was gemmatalis Hübner (Lepidoptera: Erebinae). prepared in sterile distilled water. Aliquots of 300 µL of this suspension were added to Erlenmeyer The bacteria used was Bacillus thuringiensis asks containing 50 mL of 5% plant extract. subsp. Kurstaki HD-1 strain (30-52 × 10 6 viable Four replicates were prepared for each extract in spores mg -1 ), formulated in the commercial product Erlenmeyer asks (replicate seats) and placed in a Thuricide ® WP (32 g kg 1). The insect used as horizontal shaker (30 ± 2 °C, 150 rpm for 2 h). The an indicator of the interaction was Anticarsia suspension pH was measured before and at the end gemmatalis Hübner (Lepidoptera: Erebinae), of the incubation. The mixture from each ask was obtained from those reared at the Biological Control inoculated at ve points in two Petri dishes. Each of Laboratory of the Universidade Tecnológica Federal the ve inoculations in each Petri dish consisted of do Paraná - Campus Dois Vizinhos (UTFPR-DV). 5 µL of the mixture
Load more

Recommended publications
  • New Synonymies and Combinations in Argyrostrotis Hübner
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 149: 107–116 (2011)New synonymies and combinations in Argyrostrotis Hübner... 107 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.149.2347 RESEARCH ARTICLE www.zookeys.org Launched to accelerate biodiversity research New synonymies and combinations in Argyrostrotis Hübner (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Erebinae, Poaphilini) J. Bolling Sullivan1, J. Donald Lafontaine2 1 200 Craven St., Beaufort, North Carolina 28516 USA 2 Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arach- nids, and Nematodes, Biodiversity Program, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, K.W. Neatby Bldg., 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6 Corresponding author: J. Bolling Sullivan ([email protected]), J. Donald Lafontaine ([email protected]) Academic editor: C. Schmidt | Received 26 March 2011 | Accepted 4 October 2011 | Published 24 November 2011 Citation: Sullivan JB, Lafontaine JD (2011) New synonymies and combinations in Argyrostrotis Hübner (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Erebinae, Poaphilini). In: Schmidt BC, Lafontaine JD (Eds) Contributions to the systematics of New World macro-moths III. ZooKeys 149: 107–116. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.149.2347 Abstract After examining the type specimens of species in the eastern North American genus Argyrostrotis the number of known species in the genus is reduced from 10 to six through synonymy. A key to species is included along with illustrations of the adults and genitalia of each species. Three Neotropical species currently included in Argyrostrotis (Argyrostrotis eurysaces Schaus, 1914; Argyrostrotis quadrata Dognin, 1910; and Celiptera surrufula Dyar, 1913) are transferred to other genera as Argyrosticta eurysaces (Schaus, 1914), comb. n. [Noctuidae: Bagisarinae], Heterochroma quadrata (Dognin, 1910), comb. n. [Noctuidae: Amphipyrinae], and Ptichodis surrufula (Dyar, 1913), comb.
    [Show full text]
  • Erebidae-Erebinae.Pdf
    Erebidae Erebinae Achaea janata (Linnaeus, 1758) Taxonomy: Phalaena janata Linnaeus, 1758; 527.– . Phalaena melicerta Drury, [1773]:46,. – India (Bombay). Noctua tigrina Fabricius, 1775. Noctua cyathina Macleay, 1826 . Catocala traversii Fereday, 1877. Ophiusa ekeikei Bethune-Baker, 1906. melicertoides Strand, 1914: 74. Imago melicertella Strand, 1914: 74. Achaea melicertoides Gaede, 1938. Achaea melicertella Gaede, 1938. Hostplant: Flight period: viii. Altitude: 460 m. Distribution map Erebidae Erebinae Achaea serva (Fabricius, 1775) Taxonomy: Noctua serva Fabricius, 1775. Achaea fasciculipes Walker, 1858. fuscosuffusa Strand, 1914: 73. Achaea fuscosuffusa Gaede, 1938. Hostplant: Flight period: ix. Altitude: 2900 m. Imago Distribution map Erebidae Erebinae Agonista hypoleuca Guenee, 1852 Taxonomy Hostplant Flight period Altitude Imago Male genitalia Distribution map Female genitalia Erebidae Erebinae Arcte polygrapha Kollar, 1844 Taxonomy: Arcte polygrapha Kollar, 1844± ./ In- dia (Himalaya) Hostplant Flight period: v, viii. Altitude: 460-1975 m. Imago Distribution map Erebidae Erebinae Artena dotata (Fabricius, 1794) Taxonomy: Noctua dotata Fabricius, 1794: 55.– E. India. Hostplant: Flight period: v-vi. Altitude: 1580-2020 m. Imago Distribution map Erebidae Erebinae Blepharidia griseirufa Hampson, 1894 Taxonomy Hostplant Flight period Altitude Imago Male genitalia Distribution map Female genitalia Erebidae Erebinae Capnodes caustiplaga Hampson, 1895 Taxonomy Hostplant Flight period Altitude Imago Male genitalia Distribution map Female genitalia Erebidae Erebinae Capnodes pustulifera Walker, 1864 Taxonomy Hostplant Flight period Altitude Imago Male genitalia Distribution map Female genitalia Erebidae Erebinae Catocala nupta (Linnaeus, 1767) Taxonomy: Phalaena nupta Linnaeus, 1767: 841.– Germany. Catocala unicuba Walker, [1858]:1210.– India. Hostplant: Populus, P. nigra, Salix, S. fragilis Flight period: ix. Altitude: 2900 m. Imago Distribution map Erebidae Erebinae Chrysopera combinans (Walker, 1858) Taxonomy: Achaea combinans Walker, 1858: 1399.- Ceylon.
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Systematics of Noctuoidea (Insecta, Lepidoptera)
    TURUN YLIOPISTON JULKAISUJA ANNALES UNIVERSITATIS TURKUENSIS SARJA - SER. AII OSA - TOM. 268 BIOLOGICA - GEOGRAPHICA - GEOLOGICA MOLECULAR SYSTEMATICS OF NOCTUOIDEA (INSECTA, LEPIDOPTERA) REZA ZAHIRI TURUN YLIOPISTO UNIVERSITY OF TURKU Turku 2012 From the Laboratory of Genetics, Division of Genetics and Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Turku, FIN-20012, Finland Supervised by: Docent Niklas Wahlberg University of Turku Finland Co-advised by: Ph.D. J. Donald Lafontaine Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes Canada Ph.D. Ian J. Kitching Natural History Museum U.K. Ph.D. Jeremy D. Holloway Natural History Museum U.K. Reviewed by: Professor Charles Mitter University of Maryland U.S.A. Dr. Tommi Nyman University of Eastern Finland Finland Examined by: Dr. Erik J. van Nieukerken Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis, Leiden The Netherlands Cover image: phylogenetic tree of Noctuoidea ISBN 978-951-29-5014-0 (PRINT) ISBN 978-951-29-5015-7 (PDF) ISSN 0082-6979 Painosalama Oy – Turku, Finland 2012 To Maryam, my mother and father MOLECULAR SYSTEMATICS OF NOCTUOIDEA (INSECTA, LEPIDOPTERA) Reza Zahiri This thesis is based on the following original research contributions, which are referred to in the text by their Roman numerals: I Zahiri, R, Kitching, IJ, Lafontaine, JD, Mutanen, M, Kaila, L, Holloway, JD & Wahlberg, N (2011) A new molecular phylogeny offers hope for a stable family-level classification of the Noctuoidea (Lepidoptera). Zoologica Scripta, 40, 158–173 II Zahiri, R, Holloway, JD, Kitching, IJ, Lafontaine, JD, Mutanen, M & Wahlberg, N (2012) Molecular phylogenetics of Erebidae (Lepidoptera, Noctuoidea). Systematic Entomology, 37,102–124 III Zaspel, JM, Zahiri, R, Hoy, MA, Janzen, D, Weller, SJ & Wahlberg, N (2012) A molecular phylogenetic analysis of the vampire moths and their fruit-piercing relatives (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Calpinae).
    [Show full text]
  • Merging Science and Management in a Rapidly
    Preliminary Assessment of the Moth (Lepidoptera: Heterocera) Fauna of Rincon de Guadalupe, Sierra de Bacadéhuachi, Sonora, Mexico John D. Palting Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona Abstract—The Sierra de Bacadéhuachi is a poorly sampled extension of the Sierra Madre Occidental (SMO) located in east-central Sonora near the town of Bacadéhuachi. Sampling of moths using mercury vapor and ultraviolet lights occurred in summer and fall 2011, and spring 2012 at Rincón de Guadalupe, located in pine-oak forest at 1680 m elevation. Approximately 400 taxa of moths were identified from this locality. Species occurrences demonstrate connections to the famously diverse Yécora area, to the higher, more me- sic SMO in Chihuahua, as well as the Rocky Mountains to the north. Several unidentified and presumably new moth species from Rincón de Guadalupe await further study and description. Two species previously known only from the type specimens (destroyed in WWII) were rediscovered at Rincón de Guadalupe. A complete list of the moths identified from Rincon de Guadalupe is available as a Research Species List in the Madrean Archipelago Biodiversity Assessment (MABA)/Southwest Environmental Information Network (SEINet) online database (Madrean.org). Introduction Bacadéhuachi are Asteraceae (54 taxa), Fabaceae (47 taxa), and Poaceae (36 taxa) (Van Devender and others, Preliminary Flora of The Sierra de Bacadéhuachi is considered the westernmost mas- the Sierra Bacadéhuachi, Sonora, Mexico, this volume). sif of the Sierra Madre Occidental (SMO), and is located east of the Pueblo de Bacadéhuachi, Municipio de Bacadéhuachi, Sonora. While technically not a Sky Island, the range represents the northernmost Methods extension of the SMO and serves as a conduit for SMO species to A combination mercury vapor/ultraviolet light or ultraviolet light move north into the Sky Island region.
    [Show full text]
  • Caterpillars on the Foliage of Conifers in the Northeastern United States 1 Life Cycles and Food Plants
    INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION Coniferous forests are important features of the North American landscape. In the Northeast, balsam fir, spruces, or even pines may dominate in the more northern forests. Southward, conifers still may be prevalent, although the pines become increasingly important. In dry, sandy areas, such as Cape Cod of Massachusetts and the Pine Barrens of New Jersey, hard pines abound in forests composed of relatively small trees. Conifers are classic symbols of survival in harsh environments. Forests of conifers provide not only beautiful scenery, but also livelihood for people. Coniferous trees are a major source of lumber for the building industry. Their wood can be processed to make paper, packing material, wood chips, fence posts, and other products. Certain conifers are cultivated for landscape plants and, of course, Christmas trees. Trees of coniferous forests also supply shelter or food for many species of vertebrates, invertebrates, and even plants. Insects that call these forests home far outnumber other animals and plants. Because coniferous forests tend to be dominated by one to a few species of trees, they are especially susceptible to injury during outbreaks of insects such as the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana, the fall hemlock looper, Lambdina fiscellaria fiscellaria, or the pitch pine looper, Lambdina pellucidaria. Trees that are defoliated by insects suffer reduced growth and sometimes even death. Trees stressed by defoliation, drought, or mechanical injury, are generally more susceptible to attack by wood-boring beetles, diseases, and other organisms. These secondary pests also may kill trees. Stress or tree death can have a negative economic impact upon forest industries.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to Macro-Moth Identification
    Introduction to Macro-moth Identification David Slade Lepidoptera County Recorder (VC41) Introduction to Macro-moth Identification • What are moths? • How do you identify them • Moth families • Mysteries and pitfalls What is a Moth? Wikipedia says… The moths are a paraphyletic group of insects related to the butterflies and belonging to the order Lepidoptera. Most lepidopterans are moths and there are thought to be approximately 160,000 species of moth, many of which are yet to be described. Most species of moth are nocturnal, but there are also crepuscular and diurnal species. a group is said to be paraphyletic if it consists of all the descendants of the last common ancestor of the group's members minus a small number of monophyletic groups of descendants, typically just one or two such group Wikipedia also says… Lepidoptera is a large order of insects…. It is one of the most widespread and widely recognizable insect orders in the world. The term was coined by Linnaeus in 1735 and is derived from Ancient Greek λεπίδος (scale) and πτερόν (wing). Lepidoptera show many variations of the basic body structure that have evolved to gain advantages in lifestyle and distribution. It is among the four most speciose orders, along with the Hymenoptera, Diptera, and the Coleoptera.[1] Lepidopteran species are characterized by scales covering their bodies and wings, and a proboscis. The scales are modified, flattened "hairs", and give butterflies and moths their extraordinary variety of colours and patterns. Almost all species have some form of membranous wings, except for a few that have reduced wings or are wingless.
    [Show full text]
  • County Genus Species Species Author Common
    County Genus Species Species Author Common Name Tribe Subfamily Family Superfamily Woodbury County Acronicta americana (Harris, 1841) American Dagger Moth (None) Acronictinae Noctuidae Noctuoidea Woodbury County Agrotis ipsilon Hufnagel, 1766 Ipsilion Dart Noctuini Noctuinae Noctuidae Noctuoidea Woodbury County Amphipyra glabella (Morrison, 1874) Smooth Amphipyra Amphipyrini Amphipyrinae Noctuidae Noctuoidea Woodbury County Amphipyra pyramidoides Guenee, 1852 Copper Underwing Amphipyrini Amphipyrinae Noctuidae Noctuoidea Woodbury County Anagrapha falcifera (Kirby, 1837) Celery Looper Moth Plusiini Plusiinae Noctuidae Noctuoidea Woodbury County Antheraea polyphemus (Cramer, 1776) Polyphemus Moth Attacini Saturniinae Saturniidae Bombycoidea Woodbury County Apamea burgessi (Morrison, 1874) Phlogophorini Noctuinae Noctuidae Noctuoidea Woodbury County Apamea helva (Grote, 1875) Yellow Three-spot Phlogophorini Noctuinae Noctuidae Noctuoidea Woodbury County Atteva aurea (Fitch, 1856) Ailanthus Webworm Moth (None) Attevinae Yponomeutidae Yponomeutoidea Woodbury County Caenurgina crassiuscula (Haworth, 1809) Clover Looper Moth Euclidiini Erebinae Erebidae Noctuoidea Woodbury County Caenurgina erechtea (Cramer, 1780) Forage Looper Moth Euclidiini Erebinae Erebidae Noctuoidea Woodbury County Catocala abbreviatella Grote, 1872 Abbreviated Underwing Catocalini Erebinae Erebidae Noctuoidea Woodbury County Catocala amatrix (Hubner, 1809-13) The Sweetheart Catocalini Erebinae Erebidae Noctuoidea Woodbury County Catocala illecta Walker, 1858 Magdalen Underwing
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity of Winter-Flying Moths in the Maryville College Woods
    DIVERSITY OF WINTER-FLYING MOTHS IN THE MARYVILLE COLLEGE WOODS A Report of a Senior Study by Marley Smith Major: Biology Maryville College Fall, 2016 Date approved , by Faculty Supervisor Date approved , by Division Chair ABSTRACT Lepidopterans, commonly referred to as butterflies and moths, are some of the most widely studied flying insects. Heterocera, or moths, are valuable to ecological and conservational research due to their diversity and geographical range. Their sensitivity to environmental shifts makes them a key indicator species for a variety of climates and habitat types. The goal of this study was to sample the moth population of the Maryville College Woods, a 0.56 km2, mixed-mesophytic forest area in Maryville, Tennessee. Over the course of a three-month winter sampling period, thirty-two species from families Crambidae, Erebidae, Gracillariidae (unknown species), Gelechiidae, Geometridae, Noctuidae and Tortricidae were captured and preserved for identification. The most active temperature range for moths was 8.9 to 12.8˚C, and the most active flight time was between 19:00 and 20:00, when 65.2% of specimens were caught. The null hypothesis that neither temperature (P<0.0001) nor time of day (P<0.0001) would have an effect on the flight of moths over the course of the study was rejected. Several species not found in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park were documented in this study, including undescribed or unusual species, and many ecologically significant pests. With continued sampling and documentation of Lepidopteran species in the Maryville College Woods, this study provides a valuable tool to monitor species and ecosystem function in a fragmented and isolated habitat.
    [Show full text]
  • Dynamic Inventory of Moths of Savitribai Phule Pune University (Pune, India) Through Crowdsourcing Via Inaturalist
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.08.01.454690; this version posted August 3, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC 4.0 International license. Dynamic inventory of moths of Savitribai Phule Pune University (Pune, India) through crowdsourcing via iNaturalist. Bhalchandra Pujari1 Department of scientific computing modeling and simulation, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007 1 Address for correspondence: [email protected] bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.08.01.454690; this version posted August 3, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC 4.0 International license. Abstract We present here the checklist of moths (Lepidoptera: Heterocera) for the campus of Savitribai Phule Pune University, situated in the metropolis of Pune in the state Maharashra in India. We report identi/ication of 189 unique genera along with 154 unique species. Despite the relative small size of the observation area and the location being at the heart of a busy metropolis, the moths were found to be of diverse variety, with 26 different families and 76 tribes. The identifications of the species was crowd-sourced via iNaturalist.org. An automated program was developed to fetch the identi/ication and generate the list.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Genus and Species for Dysgonia (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Erebinae) from Southeastern United States
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeysA new39: 85–97 genus (2010) and species for Dysgonia (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Erebinae) from Southeastern... 85 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.39.434 RESEARCH ARTICLE www.pensoftonline.net/zookeys Launched to accelerate biodiversity research A new genus and species for Dysgonia (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Erebinae) from Southeastern United States J. Bolling Sullivan 200 Craven St., Beaufort, North Carolina 28516 USA urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:1D269A70-1054-4C69-A283-B8C24F6AE14C Corresponding author: J. Bolling Sullivan ([email protected]) Academic editor: J.D. Lafontaine | Received 22 January 2010 | Accepted 1 February 2010 | Published 18 March 2010 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:5734552B-0B4A-4F28-823F-272011A82376 Citation: Sullivan JB (2010) A new genus and species for Dysgonia (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Erebinae) from Southeastern United States. In: Schmidt BC, Lafontaine JD (Eds) Contributions to the systematics of New World macro-moths II. ZooKeys 39: 85–97. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.39.434 Abstract Th ree North American species currently placed in the genus Dysgonia Hübner are moved to Neadysgonia gen. n. A fourth species, N. telma, is described from southeastern United States and a neotype is desig- nated for closely related species N. smithii. Th e generic placement of the new genus is discussed. Keywords Taxonomy, Dysgonia, Neadysgonia, Argyrostrotis, United States Introduction Th e genus Dysgonia Hübner as herein restricted currently includes species ranging through the Mediterranean Region and possibly as far east as Australia (Berio 1965). Poole (1989) included species in Dysgonia that give it a world wide distribution, how- ever, the genus as delimited by him is clearly polyphyletic (Holloway and Miller 2003).
    [Show full text]
  • Pine Barrens Zale
    Natural Heritage Pine Barrens Zale & Endangered Species Zale lunifera Program State Status: Special Concern www.mass.gov/nhesp Federal Status: None Massachusetts Division of Fisheries & Wildlife DESCRIPTION: The Pine Barrens Zale (Zale lunifera) is an erebid moth with a wingspan of 30-34 mm. The forewing is mottled with pale and dark grays, paler in the subterminal area and between the median area and the antemedial line, darker between the subterminal area and the median area and in the basal area. The brownish-black postmedial line is relatively thin and waved; the brown to brownish-black antemedial line is thicker, also waved. A brownish-black apical dash may be present. The yellowish-brown reniform spot is narrow and elongate, the black orbicular spot small and round. The hind wing is banded with pale and dark brownish-grays; a faint discal spot may be present. The head and thorax is mottled with shades of gray and brown matching those on the forewing, and the abdomen is brownish-gray, similar in color to the Zale lunifera ▪ Specimen from MA: Plymouth Co., Plymouth, collected hind wing. The very similar Intent Zale (Zale intenta) is 10 Jun 2003 by M.W. Nelson slightly larger than the Pine Barrens Zale, often with a more striate wing pattern; the forewing antemedial line is Adult Flight Period in Massachusetts less wavy, and the orbicular spot faint or absent (Schmidt Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 2010). Genitalic dissection may be necessary for definitive identification. LIFE HISTORY: In Massachusetts, adult Pine Barrens HABITAT: In Massachusetts, the Pine Barrens Zale Zale moths fly from mid-May to late June.
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of the Higher Classification of the Noctuoidea (Lepidoptera) with Special Reference to the Holarctic Fauna
    Esperiana Buchreihe zur Entomologie Bd. 11: 7-92 Schwanfeld, 29. Juni 2005 ISBN 3-938249-01-3 A review of the higher classification of the Noctuoidea (Lepidoptera) with special reference to the Holarctic fauna Michael FIBIGER and J. Donald LAFONTAINE Abstract The higher classification of the Noctuoidea (Oenosandridae, Doidae, Notodontidae, Strepsimanidae, Nolidae, Lymantriidae, Arctiidae, Erebidae, Micronoctuidae, and Noctuidae) is reviewed from the perspective of the classification proposed by KITCHING and RAWLINS (1998). Several taxa are reinstated, described as new, synonymised, or redescribed. Some characters that have been inadequately described, poorly understood, or misinterpreted, are redescribed and discussed. One family, two subfamilies, four tribes, and three subtribes are proposed as new. Available family-group names of Noctuoidea are listed in an appendix. Introduction Since 1991 the authors have worked towards a trans-Atlantic / trans-Beringian understanding or agreement between the two sometimes quite incongruent classifications of the Noctuidae used in North America and Eurasia. The necessity to push this work forward and publish our results to date has been precipitated by the need for a new European check list, for the book series Noctuidae Europaeae, and for use in fascicles in the ”Moths of North America (MONA)” book series in North America. When Hermann HACKER and the senior author decided to publish a new systematic list for the Noctuoidea in Europe, we agreed to write this review paper as a supplement to the European
    [Show full text]