Description of Mercersburg-Chambeesburg District
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A Taxonomic Revision of Rhododendron L. Section Pentanthera G
A TAXONOMIC REVISION OF RHODODENDRON L. SECTION PENTANTHERA G. DON (ERICACEAE) BY KATHLEEN ANNE KRON A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 1987 , ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I gratefully acknowledge the supervision and encouragement given to me by Dr. Walter S. Judd. I thoroughly enjoyed my work under his direction. I would also like to thank the members of my advisory committee, Dr. Bijan Dehgan, Dr. Dana G. Griffin, III, Dr. James W. Kimbrough, Dr. Jonathon Reiskind, Dr. William Louis Stern, and Dr. Norris H. Williams for their critical comments and suggestions. The National Science Foundation generously supported this project in the form of a Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant;* field work in 1985 was supported by a grant from the Highlands Biological Station, Highlands, North Carolina. I thank the curators of the following herbaria for the loan of their material: A, AUA, BHA, DUKE, E, FSU, GA, GH, ISTE, JEPS , KW, KY, LAF, LE NCSC, NCU, NLU NO, OSC, PE, PH, LSU , M, MAK, MOAR, NA, , RSA/POM, SMU, SZ, TENN, TEX, TI, UARK, UC, UNA, USF, VDB, VPI, W, WA, WVA. My appreciation also is offered to the illustrators, Gerald Masters, Elizabeth Hall, Rosa Lee, Lisa Modola, and Virginia Tomat. I thank Dr. R. Howard * BSR-8601236 ii Berg for the scanning electron micrographs. Mr. Bart Schutzman graciously made available his computer program to plot the results of the principal components analyses. The herbarium staff, especially Mr. Kent D. Perkins, was always helpful and their service is greatly appreciated. -
To Middle Silurian) in Eastern Pennsylvania
The Shawangunk Formation (Upper OrdovicianC?) to Middle Silurian) in Eastern Pennsylvania GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 744 Work done in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Depa rtm ent of Enviro nm ental Resources^ Bureau of Topographic and Geological Survey The Shawangunk Formation (Upper Ordovician (?) to Middle Silurian) in Eastern Pennsylvania By JACK B. EPSTEIN and ANITA G. EPSTEIN GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 744 Work done in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources, Bureau of Topographic and Geological Survey Statigraphy, petrography, sedimentology, and a discussion of the age of a lower Paleozoic fluvial and transitional marine clastic sequence in eastern Pennsylvania UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1972 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ROGERS C. B. MORTON, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY V. E. McKelvey, Director Library of Congress catalog-card No. 74-189667 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price 65 cents (paper cover) Stock Number 2401-2098 CONTENTS Page Abstract _____________________________________________ 1 Introduction __________________________________________ 1 Shawangunk Formation ___________________________________ 1 Weiders Member __________ ________________________ 2 Minsi Member ___________________________________ 5 Lizard Creek Member _________________________________ 7 Tammany Member _______________________________-_ 12 Age of the Shawangunk Formation _______ __________-___ 14 Depositional environments and paleogeography _______________ 16 Measured sections ______________________________________ 23 References cited ________________________________________ 42 ILLUSTRATIONS Page FIGURE 1. Generalized geologic map showing outcrop belt of the Shawangunk Formation in eastern Pennsylvania and northwestern New Jersey ___________________-_ 3 2. Stratigraphic section of the Shawangunk Formation in the report area ___ 3 3-21. Photographs showing 3. Conglomerate and quartzite, Weiders Member, Lehigh Gap ____ 4 4. -
Signal Knob Northern Massanutten Mountain Catback Mountain Browns Run Southern Massanutten Mountain Five Areas of Around 45,000 Acres on the Lee the West
Sherman Bamford To: [email protected] <[email protected] cc: Sherman Bamford <[email protected]> > Subject: NiSource Gas Transmission and Storage draft multi-species habitat conservation plan comments - attachments 2 12/13/2011 03:32 PM Sherman Bamford Forests Committee Chair Virginia Chapter – Sierra Club P.O. Box 3102 Roanoke, Va. 24015 [email protected] (540) 343-6359 December 13, 2011 Regional Director, Midwest Region Attn: Lisa Mandell U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Ecological Services 5600 American Blvd. West, Suite 990 Bloomington, MN 55437-1458 Email: [email protected] Dear Ms. Mandell: On behalf of the Virginia Chapter of Sierra Club, the following are attachments to our previously submitted comments on the the NiSource Gas Transmission and Storage (“NiSource”) draft multi-species habitat conservation plan (“HCP”) and the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service (“Service”) draft environmental impact statement (“EIS”). Draft of Virginia Mountain Treasures For descriptions and maps only. The final version was published in 2008. Some content may have changed between 2007 and 2008. Sherman Bamford Sherman Bamford PO Box 3102 Roanoke, Va. 24015-1102 (540) 343-6359 [email protected] Virginia’s Mountain Treasures ART WORK DRAWING The Unprotected Wildlands of the George Washington National Forest A report by the Wilderness Society Cover Art: First Printing: Copyright by The Wilderness Society 1615 M Street, NW Washington, DC 20036 (202)-843-9453 Wilderness Support Center 835 East Second Avenue Durango, CO 81302 (970) 247-8788 Founded in 1935, The Wilderness Society works to protect America’s wilderness and to develop a nation- wide network of wild lands through public education, scientific analysis, and advocacy. -
Scenic Landforms of Virginia
Vol. 34 August 1988 No. 3 SCENIC LANDFORMS OF VIRGINIA Harry Webb . Virginia has a wide variety of scenic landforms, such State Highway, SR - State Road, GWNF.R(T) - George as mountains, waterfalls, gorges, islands, water and Washington National Forest Road (Trail), JNFR(T) - wind gaps, caves, valleys, hills, and cliffs. These land- Jefferson National Forest Road (Trail), BRPMP - Blue forms, some with interesting names such as Hanging Ridge Parkway mile post, and SNPMP - Shenandoah Rock, Devils Backbone, Striped Rock, and Lovers Leap, National Park mile post. range in elevation from Mt. Rogers at 5729 feet to As- This listing is primarily of those landforms named on sateague and Tangier islands near sea level. Two nat- topographic maps. It is hoped that the reader will advise ural lakes occur in Virginia, Mountain Lake in Giles the Division of other noteworthy landforms in the st& County and Lake Drummond in the City of Chesapeake. that are not mentioned. For those features on private Gaps through the mountains were important routes for land always obtain the owner's permission before vis- early settlers and positions for military movements dur- iting. Some particularly interesting features are de- ing the Civil War. Today, many gaps are still important scribed in more detail below. locations of roads and highways. For this report, landforms are listed alphabetically Dismal Swamp (see Chesapeake, City of) by county or city. Features along county lines are de- The Dismal Swamp, located in southeastern Virginia, scribed in only one county with references in other ap- is about 10 to 11 miles wide and 15 miles long, and propriate counties. -
View of Valley and Ridge Structures from ?:R Stop IX
GIJIDEBOOJ< TECTONICS AND. CAMBRIAN·ORDO'IICIAN STRATIGRAPHY CENTRAL APPALACHIANS OF PENNSYLVANIA. Pifftbutgh Geological Society with the Appalachian Geological Society Septembet, 1963 TECTONICS AND CAMBRIAN -ORDOVICIAN STRATIGRAPHY in the CENTRAL APPALACHIANS OF PENNSYLVANIA FIELD CONFERENCE SPONSORS Pittsburgh Geological Society Appalachian Geological Society September 19, 20, 21, 1963 CONTENTS Page Introduction 1 Acknowledgments 2 Cambro-Ordovician Stratigraphy of Central and South-Central 3 Pennsylvania by W. R. Wagner Fold Patterns and Continuous Deformation Mechanisms of the 13 Central Pennsylvania Folded Appalachians by R. P. Nickelsen Road Log 1st day: Bedford to State College 31 2nd day: State College to Hagerstown 65 3rd day: Hagerstown to Bedford 11.5 ILLUSTRATIONS Page Wagner paper: Figure 1. Stratigraphic cross-section of Upper-Cambrian 4 in central and south-central Pennsylvania Figure 2. Stratigraphic section of St.Paul-Beekmantown 6 rocks in central Pennsylvania and nearby Maryland Nickelsen paper: Figure 1. Geologic map of Pennsylvania 15 Figure 2. Structural lithic units and Size-Orders of folds 18 in central Pennsylvania Figure 3. Camera lucida sketches of cleavage and folds 23 Figure 4. Schematic drawing of rotational movements in 27 flexure folds Road Log: Figure 1. Route of Field Trip 30 Figure 2. Stratigraphic column for route of Field Trip 34 Figure 3. Cross-section of Martin, Miller and Rankey wells- 41 Stops I and II Figure 4. Map and cross-sections in sinking Valley area- 55 Stop III Figure 5. Panorama view of Valley and Ridge structures from ?:r Stop IX Figure 6. Camera lucida sketch of sedimentary features in ?6 contorted shale - Stop X Figure 7- Cleavage and bedding relationship at Stop XI ?9 Figure 8. -
Roadname Route Grid Range
ROADNAME ROUTE GRID RANGE ABANA DR PVT 16 (100-267) ACADEMY RD SC 709 128 (100-227) ACADEMY RD SC 709 129 (228-753) ADAMS CEMETERY LN SC 773 103 (100-725) ADDINGTON FRAME RD SC 671 71 (100-1181) ADDINGTON FRAME RD SC 670 71 (1182-1925) ADDINGTON FRAME RD SC 670 72 (1926-2907) ADDINGTON FRAME RD SC 673 72 (2908-3941) ADDINGTON ST PVT 147 (100-123) ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY DR PVT 80 (100-158) AKARD LN SC 756 178 (580-757) AKARD LN SC 756 174 (758-2183) ALASKA DR PVT 64 (100-379) ALLEY VALLEY RD SC 619 106 (100-289) ALLEY VALLEY RD SC 619 105 (290-2369) ALLEY VALLEY RD SC 619 86 (2370-2699) ALLEY VALLEY RD SC 619 87 (2700-4809) ALLEY VALLEY RD SC 619 68 (4810-4871) ALLEY VALLEY RD SC 619 69 (4872-6037) ALOE DR PVT 168 (100-145) ALPINE RIDGE LN SC 949 166 (100-499) AMERICANA DR PVT 167 (100-163) ANCHORED IN LOVE DR PVT 130 (100-255) ANDERSON ST T-835 146 (100-369) ANDREA ST SC 941 125 (100-287) ANGLERS WAY RD SC 625 120 (100-1441) ANGLERS WAY RD SC 625 119 (1442-2289) ANGLERS WAY RD SC 625 140 (2290-3541) ANGLERS WAY RD SC 625 139 (3542-5881) ANGLERS WAY RD SC 625 138 (5882-6999) ANGLERS WAY RD SC 625 159 (7000-8145) ANGLERS WAY RD SC 625 158 (8146-9295) ANGUS GLEN DR PVT 90 (100-1099) ANGUS GLEN DR PVT 72 (1100-1409) ANITA AVE T-1423 125 (100-193) ANITA AVE T-1423 146 (192-203) ANN GOODE COOPER RD SC 690 131 (100-555) ANN GOODE COOPER RD SC 689 131 (556-2555) ANN GOODE COOPER RD SC 689 130 (2556-3643) ANN GOODE COOPER RD SC 689 151 (3644-3807) ANNAK DR PVT 167 (100-185) ANNIES DR PVT 64 (100-179) ANTELOPE DR PVT 173 (100-441) ANTIOCH CIR SC 790 -
Direct Protection Areas
Thorn Junction Benbow Knob, The 6486 ' EEL Panther Peak R, S FK Windy Mountain Shasta-Trinity 1862 ' 7081 ' Thorn E Vinegar Peak Schofield Peak Six Rivers E L 6549 ' 1992 ' R FK , Little Butte , M M N R Booth Knoll EEL A F B K 5632 ' E T 2427 ' A T Shelter Cove R O C L HUMBOLDT R E Walker Butte K Hopkins Peak , E S R K F 2404 ' A 6749 ' K Reed Mountain W Round Mountain E Sugarloaf Mountain Chamisal Mountain Whitethorn Beall Place 3101 ' R A E L Pilot Peak K 5000 ' L 7367 ' Harvey Peak E A Big Butte R 2598 ' E C Brush Mountain , 4092 ' R 5922 ' M 7361 ' 4200 ' F Island Mountain K D CR Linn, Mount Linn Mount Lake Mountain , N EA IL Moose Peak F F G 8092 ' 2467 ' 3851 ' K O TRINITY 1787 ' LM Oven Lid BA South Yolla Bolly South Yolla Bolly Mountains 6662 ' E Island Mountain L Solomon Peak 2460 ' D 3286 ' 8092 ' E Cooks Valley 7581 ' R C Horse Ranch Peak R, N Twin Peaks FK K 4156 ' F Nielson Place S 7403 ' , R EEL R, L N FK E E Hammerhorn Mountain 7563 ' Noble Butte Andersonia 2435 ' EE L R, Little Butte S FK, E Wildhorse Peak BR 1800 ' R 3564 ' C Piercy Table Rock IS H R F AN C Ramsey 3360 ' DI Island Mountain Delmonico Place IN 3847 ' Bald Mountain Bell Springs Mountain 3938 ' 3861 ' Mina EE L R, M FK Bell Springs R Ball Rock C S Griffin Place 6663 ' Camel Rock E Castle Peak M 3837 ' O 6216 ' Steuben Place High Tip E H E T L R 372 ' , S Mitchell Place F R K L Cold Springs Workcenter Kenny E E Red Rock 6050 ' TEHAMA Red Mountain Little Baldy Beaver Glade Fire Station 4095 ' 3646 ' Pratt Place Buck Mountain Leech Lake Mountain Ball Mountain -
Inf-1 Chapter 4
CHAPTER 4 – PUBLIC UTILITIES AND INFRASTRUCTURE Introduction Infrastructure is typically limited to those services found in an urban setting made available under finite conditions. These services include water, sewer, solid waste, electricity, communications, and other related utilities. Most of these services are regulated by the Public Service Commission for rates to the customer and by State Environmental Authorities for capacity limitations and expansion. This arrangement governs the regulated cost to the consumer as well as the physical impacts expansion of such services may have on the community and environment. This chapter provides an overview of the historic methods of provision and regulation of these services, as well as the current trends experienced by each. It also outlines existing and projected deficiencies in order to establish goals for both corrective measures and adequate realistic projections to ensure that services are extended appropriately for the foreseeable future. Water A water system is defined by the West Virginia Department of Health as any water system or supply which regularly supplies or offers to supply, piped water to the public for human consumption, if serving at least an average of 25 individuals per day for at least 60 days per year, or which has at least 15 service connections. In Morgan County, there are three distinct methods by which water is provided. They include: public systems owned and operated by a government entity, community systems typically owned by an association of users and maintained by private contract, and private wells that are owned and operated to serve a limited number of customers or larger single user that still meets the above criteria. -
Geology of Gambrill State Park
Introduction A West Gambrill State Park is located along the eastern edge of the Blue Ridge b Physiographic Province. The Blue Ridge Mountains stretch from northern Georgia to southern Pennsylvania. The Blue Ridge is made up of folded Eas x t rocks that are broken in places by faults. In Maryland, the Blue Ridge b consists of two separate ridges-Catoctin Mountain, locally known as A B C Braddock Mountain on the east, and South Mountain to the west. The Blue Figure 1. Rocks of Gambrill State Park. A, Catoctin Formation. Green- Ridge is bordered on the east by the Piedmont Physiographic Province. The ish metamorphosed basalts. B, Loudoun Formation. Volcanic ash Piedmont is underlain by metamorphic rocks that were formed when the containing pebbles of lava (at A). C, Weverton Formation. Cross- 9 W Appalachian Mountains were uplifted more than 250 million years ago bedded sandstone (b=bedding, x=cross-bedding) . ever C ton Form (hereafter Ma). What we see from Catoctin Mountain today is the result of to weathering and erosion. As a result of this durability, the Weverton ation millions of years of erosion of those mountains. Formation represents the main ridge-forming layer on both Catoctin and Bedrock Layers South mountains of the Blue Ridge of Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. Nearly all of the rocks present in the park are assignable to three These ridges are erosional features left standing high after the softer or more geologic rock units, called formations. These are the Catoctin, the Loudoun, soluble rocks on either side were worn down by weathering and erosion. -
Description of the Franklin Quadrangle
DESCRIPTION OF THE FRANKLIN QUADRANGLE. GEOGRAPHY. York to Alabama, and the lowlands of Tennessee, portion of the province they form the Delaware, North Fork rise the steep slopes of the Alle Kentucky, and Ohio. Its northwestern boundary Susquehanna, Potomac, James, and Roanoke gheny Front, Timber Ridge, and Spruce Moun General relations. The Franklin quadrangle is indefinite, but may be regarded as an arbitrary rivers, each of which passes through the Appa tain. The Allegheny Front attains an altitude of embraces the quarter of a square degree which line coinciding with the Tennessee River from lachian Mountains in a narrow gap and flows east 4300 feet, and in Roaring Plains, its southwestern lies between the parallels 38° 30' and 39° north northeast Mississippi to its mouth, and then cross ward to the sea. In the central portion of the extension, its elevation is over 4400 feet. In latitude and the meridians 79° and 79° 30' west ing the States of Indiana and Ohio to western province, in Kentucky and Virginia, these longi Green Knob the altitude is over 4600 feet. This longitude. It measures approximately 34.5 miles New York. Its eastern boundary is defined by tudinal streams form the New (or Kanawha) range is cut across by Seneca Creek, a branch of from north to south and 26.9 miles from east to the Allegheny Front and the Cumberland escarp River, which flows westward in a deep, narrow the North Fork, south of which rise Timber west, and its area is about 931 square miles. Of ment. The rocks of this division are almost gorge through the Cumberland Plateau into the Ridge and Spruce Mountain, with summits over the counties in West Virginia, it includes the entirely of sedimentary origin and remain very Ohio River. -
Stratigraphy, Structure, and Tectonics: an East-To-West Transect of the Blue Ridge and Valley and Ridge Provinces of Northern Virginia and West Virginia
FLD016-05 2nd pgs page 103 The Geological Society of America Field Guide 16 2010 Stratigraphy, structure, and tectonics: An east-to-west transect of the Blue Ridge and Valley and Ridge provinces of northern Virginia and West Virginia Lynn S. Fichter Steven J. Whitmeyer Department of Geology and Environmental Science, James Madison University, 800 S. Main Street, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA Christopher M. Bailey Department of Geology, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, USA William Burton U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia 22092, USA ABSTRACT This fi eld guide covers a two-day east-to-west transect of the Blue Ridge and Valley and Ridge provinces of northwestern Virginia and eastern West Virginia, in the context of an integrated approach to teaching stratigraphy, structural analysis, and regional tectonics. Holistic, systems-based approaches to these topics incorpo- rate both deductive (stratigraphic, structural, and tectonic theoretical models) and inductive (fi eld observations and data collection) perspectives. Discussions of these pedagogic approaches are integral to this fi eld trip. Day 1 of the fi eld trip focuses on Mesoproterozoic granitoid basement (associated with the Grenville orogeny) and overlying Neoproterozoic to Early Cambrian cover rocks (Iapetan rifting) of the greater Blue Ridge province. These units collectively form a basement-cored anticlinorium that was thrust over Paleozoic strata of the Val- ley and Ridge province during Alleghanian contractional tectonics. Day 2 traverses a foreland thrust belt that consists of Cambrian to Ordovician carbonates (Iapetan divergent continental margin), Middle to Upper Ordovician immature clastics (asso- ciated with the Taconic orogeny), Silurian to Lower Devonian quartz arenites and car- bonates (inter-orogenic tectonic calm), and Upper Devonian to Lower Mississippian clastic rocks (associated with the Acadian orogeny). -
Description of the Hollidaysburg and Huntingdon Quadrangles
DESCRIPTION OF THE HOLLIDAYSBURG AND HUNTINGDON QUADRANGLES By Charles Butts INTRODUCTION 1 BLUE RIDGE PROVINCE topography are therefore prominent ridges separated by deep SITUATION The Blue Ridge province, narrow at its north end in valleys, all trending northeastward. The Hollidaysburg and Huntingdon quadrangles are adjoin Virginia and Pennsylvania, is over 60 miles wide in North RELIEF ing areas in the south-central part of Pennsylvania, in Blair, Carolina. It is a rugged region of hills and ridges and deep, The lowest point in the quadrangles is at Huntingdon, Bedford, and Huntingdon Counties. (See fig. 1.) Taken as narrow valleys. The altitude of the higher summits in Vir where the altitude of the river bed is about 610 feet above sea ginia is 3,000 to 5,700 feet, and in western North Carolina 79 level, and the highest point is the southern extremity of Brush Mount Mitchell, 6,711 feet high, is the highest point east of Mountain, north of Hollidaysburg, which is 2,520 feet above the Mississippi River. Throughout its extent this province sea level. The extreme relief is thus 1,910 feet. The Alle stands up conspicuously above the bordering provinces, from gheny Front and Dunning, Short, Loop, Lock, Tussey, Ter each of which it is separated by a steep, broken, rugged front race, and Broadtop Mountains rise boldly 800 to 1,500 feet from 1,000 to 3,000 feet high. In Pennsylvania, however, above the valley bottoms in a distance of 1 to 2 miles and are South Mountain, the northeast end of the Blue Ridge, is less the dominating features of the landscape.