DOCSLIB.ORG

Climate Change Profile: Ghana April 2018

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Climate Change Profile: Ghana April 2018 Climate Change Profile Ghana Climate Change Profile | Ghana | Climate Change Profile | Ghana | Climate Change Profile | Ghana | Climate Change Profile | Ghana | Climateange Ch Profile | Ghana | Climate Change Profile | Ghana | Climate Change Profile | Ghana | Climate Change Profile | Ghana | Climate Change Profile: Ghana April 2018 Table of contents Introduction 3 Summary 3 Overall ranking 3 Biophysical vulnerability 3 Socio-economic vulnerability 5 National government strategies and policies 6 Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) 8 Climate finance 8 Climate change projects 9 Climate contribution of the Netherlands 9 Maps Map 1 Ghana Ecological Zones 11 Map 2 Predicted precipitation changes, 2030 (left) and 2050 (right), compared to 2010 12 Map 3 Predicted temperature changes, 2030 (left) and 2050 (right), compared to 2010 12 Map 4 Area suitability for cocoa production, current (left) and 2030 (right) 13 Map 5 Area suitability for cocoa, cotton and cashew production, current (left) and 2050 (right) 14 Annex List of projects in Ghana under international and multilateral climate funds (since 2012) 15 | 2 | Climate Change Profile: Ghana April 2018 Introduction the 68th most vulnerable country and the 85th least ready country– meaning that it is vulnerable to, and moderately This climate change profile is designed to help integrate ready to combat climate change effects. Vulnerability climate actions into development activities. It complements measures the country’s exposure, sensitivity, and ability to the publication ‘Climate-smart = Future-Proof! – Guidelines cope with the negative effects of climate change by for Integrating climate-smart actions into development considering vulnerability in six life-supporting sectors: policies and activities’ and provides answers to some of the food, water, ecosystem service, health, human habitat and questions that are raised in the step-by-step approach in infrastructure. Readiness measures a country’s ability to these guidelines. leverage investments and convert them to adaptation actions by considering economic, governance and social readiness. The current and expected effects of climate change differ locally, nationally and regionally. The impacts of climate change effects on livelihoods, food and water security, ecosystems, Biophysical vulnerability infrastructure etc. differ per country and region as well as community and individual, with gender a particularly Current climate. Ghana has different ecological and climatic important vulnerability factor. This profile aims to give zones (see Map 1), from coastal savannah in the far south to insight in the climate change effects and impacts in Ghana, humid rainforests in the southern half of the country and with particular attention for food security and water. It also the dry, hot Sahel in the north. Total annual rainfall is over sheds light on the policies, priorities and commitments of the 2,000 mm in the extreme southwest, less than 1,100 mm in government in responding to climate change and important the north, and 750 mm in the south eastern coastal tip5. climate-relevant activities that are being implemented, Rainfall is characterized by strong inter-annual variations including activities being internationally financed. due to El Niño events causing drier than normal conditions. There is a strong rainfall seasonality differing per zone: • North - Wet season: May – October (150-250 mm per | 3 | Summary month in peak months July-September); • North - Dry season: November – April (with hot Climate change in Ghana is projected to affect its vital water ‘Harmattan’ winds that blow from the Sahara Desert)6; resources, energy supplies, crop production and food security. • South - Long dry season: November – March; With its three northern regions the most vulnerable, Ghana is • South - Long wet season: April – July; already experiencing increased extreme weather conditions • South - Short dry season: August; with higher incidences and more prolonged periods of • South - Short wet season: September – October (20-25% flooding and droughts1. High temperatures will further of total annual rainfall)7. increase, and rainfall patterns will be less predictable. More intense rainfall is expected to increase erosion, while less Monthly mean temperature is between 25 and 30°C total rainfall may decrease the water flow. The country’s throughout the year. Temperature variations are greater vulnerability is largely due to dependence on the production in the north than in the south, with highest temperatures of crops that are sensitive to climate change, including at the onset of the dry season (April-June, 25-27°C) and cassava and cocoa, and by a lack of agricultural diversification. lowest temperatures during the wet season (July-September 25-27 °C)8. Overall ranking With most of the rain falling in intense storms of short duration, the country is vulnerable to extreme events such For GHG emissions, Ghana ranks 151 of 188 countries for per as heavy rainfall (with on average 44 mm per day) resulting capital emissions2, contributing only 0.07% of global in heavy runoff and erosion, especially at the beginning of emissions3. However, Ghana is highly vulnerable to global the rainy season9. At the same time, the long dry season in climate change. Ghana ranks 101 out of 181 countries in the the north has led to serious droughts in the region. ND-GAIN index4 (2016) for climate vulnerability. Ghana is 5 Nutsukpo, D.K.; Jalloh, A.; Zougmoré, R.; Nelson, G.C.; Thomas, T.S. (2012): West African Agriculture and Climate Change: Chapter 6 – Ghana. IFPRI/CGIAR 1 Cameron, C. (2011): Climate change finance and aid effectiveness: http://www.ifpri.org/sites/default/files/publications/rr178ch06.pdf Ghana Case Study. OECD http://www.oecd.org/dac/environment- 6 McSweeney, C.; New, M.; Lizcano, G. (2010): UNDP Climate Change development/48458430.pdf Country Profiles: Ghana, http://www.geog.ox.ac.uk/research/climate/ 2 https://en.actualitix.com/country/wld/co2-emissions-per-capita.php projects/undp-cp/UNDP_reports/Ghana/Ghana.hires.report.pdf analysis of World Bank data (2011 dataset) 7 Climate Service Center (2015): Climate Fact Sheet Benin-Ghana-Togo. 3 WRI (2017) http://cait2.wri.org/ http://www.climate-service-center.de/products_and_publications/ 4 GAIN index summarizes a country’s vulnerability to climate change and fact_sheets/climate_fact_sheets/index.php.en other global challenges in combination with readiness to improve 8 McSweeney et al. (2008) resilience. http://index.gain.org/country/ghana 9 Nutsukpo et al. (2012) Climate Change Profile: Ghana April 2018 Current trends. Over the last 30 years, a slight increase of total rainfall in some regions, followed by a decrease of rainfall in annual precipitation was observed10. Ghanaian farmers most regions over the longer term20 (see Map 2). Projections have identified erratic rainfall patterns, longer periods of in seasonal differences are a bit more convergent: in general, Harmattan (hot desert winds) and desertification as the rainfall increases are predicted for July – December, and main current effects of climate change11. In the eastern decreases for March – June21. For the northern regions, this Volta Basin, prolonged dry seasons have replaced shorter suggests that the start of the wet season may be delayed and dry spells12. No clear trend has been observed in the the growing season may shorten. intensity or frequency of extreme rainfall events. The temperature is expected to increase further, for the end There is evidence of a temperature increase over the past of the century a warming ranging between 1.4 to 4.2°C is decades. Mean annual temperature has increased (reports likely22. The increase is expected to be most severe in the range from +0.4 °C over 100 years13 to +1 °C over 50 years), with north of the country (see Map 3). It is expected that 25-90% the strongest increase between April and July (+0.27 °C per of all days will count as ‘hot days’ by 2100 (compared to 10% decade). The rate of increase has been more rapid in the north under the current climate) – with the highest percentage of the country than in the south. Moreover, the number of ‘hot (up to 99%) in the months of July – September23. days’ and ‘hot nights’14 has increased significantly in all seasons (by 13.2% and 20% respectively between 1960 and 2003), while These changes in rainfall and temperature will increase the the number of ‘cold days’ and ‘cold nights’ has decreased frequency and intensity of extreme events. The duration of (by 3.3% and 5.1% respectively over the same period) 15. long-lasting heat waves is expected to increase by 22 days by 2100, potentially causing more severe droughts. At the same The north of the country has repeatedly experienced time, intensity of heavy rains is expected to increase (+4% by incidences of droughts and floods16. The 2007 floods in 2100) and the proportion of total annual rainfall that falls in the northern part of the country, immediately following a such heavy rain events will also increase24. This combination period of drought, affected more than 325,000 people17. may intensify seasonal and inter-annual variation – with | 4 | In 2015, days of torrential rain around Accra resulted in drought in one year and floods in the next25, or even droughts widespread flooding and left 159 dead18. and floods within the same season26. Another projected effect of climate change is a rising sea level. Ghana’s coastal Climate change. Projections for climate change show large regions, including its largest city, Accra, are expected to face uncertainty concerning the change in rainfall. For the a sea level rise of 13-45 cm in 100 years27and are especially future, precipitation estimates range between predicting a vulnerable to flooding and waterborne disease 28. -3% to +7% change in precipitation. For total annual precipitation, projections for the year 2100 vary from -15% to These changes are likely to affect Ghana’s water availability +16% compared to current annual rainfall although a and food security, especially in the north of the country, national decrease of 4% by 2040 is a commonly cited where the mono-modal rainfall pattern results in a long projection19.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • CLIMATE RISK COUNTRY PROFILE: GHANA Ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This Profile Is Part of a Series of Climate Risk Country Profiles Developed by the World Bank Group (WBG)
    CLIMATE RISK COUNTRY PROFILE GHANA COPYRIGHT © 2021 by the World Bank Group 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org This work is a product of the staff of the World Bank Group (WBG) and with external contributions. The opinions, findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or the official policy or position of the WBG, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments it represents. The WBG does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work and do not make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any liability or responsibility for any consequence of their use. This publication follows the WBG’s practice in references to member designations, borders, and maps. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work, or the use of the term “country” do not imply any judgment on the part of the WBG, its Boards, or the governments it represents, concerning the legal status of any territory or geographic area or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. The mention of any specific companies or products of manufacturers does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the WBG in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS The material in this work is subject to copyright. Because the WBG encourages dissemination of its knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given.
    [Show full text]
  • 2020 Sdgs Budget Report Contents
    Ghana’s 2020 SDGs Budget Report Contents Minister’s Foreword 03 Introduction 04 Methodology 05 Policy Initiatives 16 Goal Funding 17 Conclusion 71 Bibliography 72 73 Endnotes SDGs Budget Report 2020 - 01 SDGs Budget Report 2020 - 01 Minister’s Foreword I am pleased to present the 2020 SDGs Budget Report which provides an overview of the government of Ghana’s resource allocation towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) during the 2020 fiscal year and provides the opportunity to review actual expenditures against financial allocations in 2019. The year 2020 was an extraordinary one. With the world beset by the COVID-19 pandemic and its subsequent socio-economic impact on all nations; the Sustainable Development Goals have suffered significant setbacks over the last seven months. Some of the Global Goals, such as, Poverty Eradication, Zero Hunger and Climate Action have retrogressed or stalled. The government of Ghana has therefore been compelled to review and significantly adjust the 2020 national budget to reflect the remedial measures taken to protect citizens, livelihoods, enterprises and industries as well as facilitate sustainable recovery. These adjustments impacted the government’s initial priority spending for 2020 thereby influencing spending on specific goals. For example, the Ministry of Health’s expenditure increased from GHC6.5 billion to GHc8.1 billion as a result of the emergency measures taken to ensure effective case management of COVID-19 and the continuous provision of safe non-COVID-19 related services to the population. Through the Coronavirus Alleviation Programme and the Ghana CARES Obaatan Pa programme, the Parliament of Ghana has approved the spending of GHC1,203,702,000 and GHC2,028,000,000 respectively to ensure decent work and economic growth, a reduction in inequalities, protection for industries and the facilitation of innovation and infrastructure development among others.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessing Coherence Between Sector Policies and Climate Compatible Development: Opportunities for Triple Wins
    sustainability Article Assessing Coherence between Sector Policies and Climate Compatible Development: Opportunities for Triple Wins Philip Antwi-Agyei 1,*, Andrew J. Dougill 2 and Lindsay C. Stringer 2 1 Department of Environmental Science, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, PMB, University Post Office, Kumasi, Ghana 2 Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; [email protected] (A.J.D.); [email protected] (L.C.S.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +233-505-255-247 Received: 9 October 2017; Accepted: 13 November 2017; Published: 18 November 2017 Abstract: Climate Compatible Development (CCD) aims to deliver adaptation and mitigation without compromising development progress. To date, adaptation, mitigation and development related to key climate-sensitive sectors have often been treated separately. This paper uses qualitative document analysis, content analysis, expert interviews and a multi-stakeholder workshop to: examine the extent to which policies in climate-sensitive sectors align in framing adaptation, mitigation and development action; and identify key areas of policy coherence in Ghana. The paper answers the following questions: (i) To what extent are Ghana’s agriculture, energy, water, forest and wildlife sector policies aligned with climate adaptation, mitigation and development? (ii) What is the extent of policy coherence amongst climate-sensitive sector policies? (iii) Where are the key intervention points available to enhance CCD activities? Findings demonstrate that Ghana’s climate-sensitive sector policies in agriculture, water, energy, forest and wildlife arenas have elements that demonstrate good alignment with adaptation, mitigation, and development priorities.
    [Show full text]
  • Ghana's Technology Needs Assessment
    GHANA’S CLIMATE CHANGE TECHNOLOGY NEEDS AND NEEDS ASSESSMENT REPORT UNDER THE UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE VERSION 1(January 2003) TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE........................................................................................................................................................... IV ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.................................................................................................................................V 1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY..................................................................................................................... IX 2.0 TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER IMPLEMENTATION PLAN................................................................1 2.1 ENERGY SECTOR....................................................................................................................................1 2.1.1 OVERVIEW.................................................................................................................................................1 2.1.2 ENERGY EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGIES ..........................................................................................................2 2.1.3 RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES ......................................................................................................7 2.1.4 SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC TECHNOLOGIES ....................................................................................................9 2.1.5 SMALL AND MINI HYDRO........................................................................................................................15
    [Show full text]
  • Ghana Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment
    GHANA CLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABILITY AND ADAPTATION ASSESSMENT June 2011 This report was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). It was prepared by the USDA Forest Service, International Programs. COVER PHOTOS: Courtesy of USFS, IP GHANA CLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABILITY AND ADAPTATION ASSESSMENT Prepared by John A. Stanturf, Melvin L. Warren, Jr., Susan Charnley, Sophia C. Polasky, Scott L. Goodrick, Frederick Armah, and Yaw Atuahene Nyako JUNE 2011 DISCLAIMER The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ··········································································· IX EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ··············································································· 1 Climate Overview .............................................................................................................................................. 1 Climate Variability and Change ....................................................................................................................... 2 Uncertainty of Climate Projections ................................................................................................................ 3 Climate Policy Framework ............................................................................................................................... 3 Agriculture and Livelihoods ............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Usaid/Ghana Country Development and Cooperating Strategy
    USAID/GHANA COUNTRY DEVELOPMENT AND COOPERATING STRATEGY CLIMATE RISK SCREENING SUMMARY OF CLIMATE RISK SCREENING Introduction The climate risk screening process for USAID/Ghana CDCS entails two main steps: 1) how the Mission’s Development Objectives (DOs) may be at risk from climate shocks and stresses, and how to potentially reduce the impacts of those risks; and 2) identify sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Ghana, and ways USAID/Ghana’s programming can limit emissions. Given that the climate risks have been analyzed at the strategy level (i.e., the CDCS level), more detailed analyses will be required at both the project and activity levels for some programmatic areas. The purpose of the climate risk screening was to identify and prioritize climate risks that should be considered in order to promote resilience in development programming and ensure the effectiveness of USAID’s investments. This climate risk assessment is not a full climate vulnerability assessment. However, the screening process helped identify potential programmatic areas that may require further assessment when designing projects and activities and those programmatic areas that are at a low risk from climate requiring no further analysis and consideration at later stages of the program cycle. Climate Risk Screening Method For the climate risk screening process, USAID/Ghana in consultation with the Africa Bureau Climate Integration Lead (CIL) and the West African Regional Environment team worked closely to engage with all three Development Objective teams in the Mission to complete the climate risk screening tool in February-March 2020. The technical basis of the assessment was partly informed by the Ghana Climate Risk Profile developed by USAID, Ghana’s GHG Factsheet from USAID, World Resources Institute Climate Analysis Indicator Tool, Ghana's Third National Communication Report to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), Ghana’s Fourth National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report as well as other technical documents developed by academics.
    [Show full text]
  • Economic Impacts of Climate Change—CGE
    Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Ghana COU Economics of Adaptation to Climate Change Climate to Adaptation of Economics n TRY STUDY TRY G hana i ii ECOnOMICS OF aDaPTaTIOn TO CLIMaTE ChanGE EACC Publications and Reports 1. Economics of Adaptation to Climate Change: Synthesis Report 2. Economics of Adaptation to Climate Change: Social Synthesis Report 3. The Cost to Developing Countries of Adapting to Climate Change: New Methods and Estimates Country Case Studies: 1. Bangladesh: Economics of Adaptation to Climate Change 2. Bolivia: Adaptation to Climate Change: Vulnerability Assessment and Economic Aspects 3. Ethiopia : Economics of Adaptation to Climate Change 4. Ghana: Economics of Adaptation to Climate Change 5. Mozambique: Economics of Adaptation to Climate Change 6. Samoa: Economics of Adaptation to Climate Change 7. Vietnam: Economics of Adaptation to Climate Change Discussion Papers: 1. Economics of Adaptation to Extreme Weather Events in Developing Countries 2. The Costs of Adapting to Climate Change for Infrastructure 3. Adaptation of Forests to Climate Change 4. Costs of Agriculture Adaptation to Climate Change 5. Cost of Adapting Fisheries to Climate Change 6. Costs of Adaptation Related to Industrial and Municipal Water Supply and Riverine Flood Protection 7. Economics of Adaptation to Climate Change-Ecosystem Services 8. Modeling the Impact of Climate Change on Global Hydrology and Water Availability 9. Climate Change Scenarios and Climate Data 10. Economics of Coastal Zone Adaptation to Climate Change 11. Costs of Adapting to Climate Change for Human Health in Developing Countries 12. Social Dimensions of Adaptation to Climate Change in Bangladesh 13.
    [Show full text]
  • Building Climate Resilience of the Agriculture Sector in Ghana Through Improved Climate Information and Early Warning Services
    Building climate resilience of the agriculture sector in Ghana through improved climate information and early warning services | Ghana UNEP 29 May 2019 Building climate resilience of the agriculture sector in Ghana through Project/Programme Title: improved climate information and early warning services. Country(ies): The Republic of Ghana National Designated Mr. Frimpong Kwateng-Amaning, Director of the Real Sector, Authority(ies) (NDA): Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Ghana Water Resources Commission of the Ministry of Sanitation and Executing Entities: Water Resources (MoSWR) and UNEP-DHI Centre on Water and Environment Accredited Entity(ies) (AE): UN Environment Programme Date of first submission/ [YYYY-MM-DD] [V.0] version number: Date of current submission/ [YYYY-MM-DD] [V.0] version number Please submit the completed form to [email protected], using the following name convention in the subject line and file name: “CN-[Accredited Entity or Country]-YYYYMMDD” Simplified Approval Process CONCEPT NOTE Template V.1.1 GREEN CLIMATE FUND | PAGE 1 OF 4 A. Project / Programme Information (max. 1 page) ☒ Project A.2. Public or private ☒ Public sector A.1. Project or programme ☐ sector ☐ Programme Private sector Mitigation: Reduced emissions from: ☐ Energy access and power generation ☐ Low emission transport ☐ Buildings, cities and industries and appliances A.3. Indicate the result ☐ Forestry and land use areas for the Adaptation: Increased resilience of: project/programme ☒ Most vulnerable people and communities ☒ Health and well-being, and food and water security ☐ Infrastructure and built environment ☐ Ecosystem and ecosystem services Direct beneficiaries: 2,700,000 people or 9% of the population A.5. Estimated (crop farmers).
    [Show full text]
  • Ghana National Climate Change Policy
    Ghana National Climate Change Policy Ministry of Environment Science, Technology and Innovation i | P a g e 2013 National Climate Change Committee (NCCC) This document was produced under the guidance of the National Climate Change Committee (NCCC). The NCCC is composed of representatives of the following bodies: Ministry of Environment, Science, Technology and Innovation; Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning; National Development Planning Commission; Ministry of Food and Agriculture; Ministry of Foreign Affairs; Ministry of Energy; Energy Commission; Ministry of Health; Environmental Protection Agency; Forestry Commission; Centre for Scientific and Industrial Research: Forestry Research Institute of Ghana; Ghana Health Service; National Disaster Management Organisation; Ghana Meteorological Services; Abantu for Development; Environmental Applications and Technology Centre (ENAPT Centre); Conservation International, Ghana; Friends of the Earth, Ghana; Embassy of the Netherlands; the UK Department for International Development. The Ministry of Environment, Science, Technology and Innovation (MESTI) The Ministry of Environment, Science, Technology and Innovation (MESTI) exists to: establish a strong national scientific and technological base for the accelerated sustainable development of the country to enhance the quality of life for all. The overall objective of MESTI is to ensure accelerated socio-economic development of the nation through the formulation of sound policies and a regulatory framework that promotes the use of appropriate
    [Show full text]
  • Barriers to Urban Greenspace Planning in the Kumasi Metropolis: Implications and Hints for Climate Change Interventions in Ghana’S Urban Areas
    Barriers to Urban Greenspace Planning in the Kumasi Metropolis: Implications and Hints for Climate Change Interventions in Ghana’s Urban Areas A dissertation submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Cincinnati in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Regional Development Planning in the School of Planning of the College of Design, Architecture, Arts, and Planning by Stephen Kofi Diko Master of Community Planning Bachelor of Science in Development Planning, Ghana July 2019 Committee: Danilo Palazzo, PhD (Chair) Leah Hollstein, PhD Xinhao Wang, PhD ABSTRACT Globally, climate change impacts threaten the sustainability of human and natural systems. Urban areas, and regions rapidly urbanizing such as Africa, will experience climate change impacts the most. Subsequently, there have been calls to increase capacities to tackle climate change impacts, with a view of promoting sustainability. One such call draws attention to a need for increasing the availability of urban greenspaces. To heed this call demands an understanding of the factors inhibiting effective urban greenspace planning and how they can be planned as climate change interventions (CCIs) to address climate change impacts. This research provides some insights. It was undertaken in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana, underpinned by three arguments: (1) Institutional barriers to urban greenspace planning contribute to a low emphasis on urban greenspaces in the Kumasi Metropolis; (2) The socio-cultural factors surrounding the use and demand for urban greenspaces in the Kumasi Metropolis place a low emphasis on urban greenspaces; and (3) The institutional and socio-cultural barriers to urban greenspace planning provide hints of the challenges of planning for CCIs in the Kumasi Metropolis.
    [Show full text]
  • Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change in the Semi-Arid
    Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change in the Semi-Arid Regions of West Africa 1 About ASSAR Working Papers This series is based on work funded by Canada’s International Development Research Centre (IDRC) and the UK’s Department for International Development (DFID) through the Collaborative Adaptation Research Initiative in Africa and Asia (CARIAA). CARIAA aims to build the resilience of vulnerable populations and their livelihoods in three climate change hot spots in Africa and Asia. The program supports collaborative research to inform adaptation policy and practice. Titles in this series are intended to share initial findings and lessons from research and background studies commissioned by the program. Papers are intended to foster exchange and dialogue within science and policy circles concerned with climate change adaptation in vulnerability hotspots. As an interim output of the CARIAA program, they have not undergone an external review process. Opinions stated are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the policies or opinions of IDRC, DFID, or partners. Feedback is welcomed as a means to strengthen these works: some may later be revised for peer-reviewed publication. Contact Collaborative Adaptation Research Initiative in Africa and Asia c/o International Development Research Centre PO Box 8500, Ottawa, ON Canada K1G 3H9 Tel: (+1) 613-236-6163; Email: [email protected] Funded by: 2 Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change in Semi-Arid Areas in West Africa Lead author: Jon Padgham1 Contributing authors:
    [Show full text]
  • Integrated Assessment of Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining in Ghana—Part 2: Natural Sciences Review
    Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2015, 12, 8971-9011; doi:10.3390/ijerph120808971 OPEN ACCESS International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ISSN 1660-4601 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph Review Integrated Assessment of Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining in Ghana—Part 2: Natural Sciences Review Mozhgon Rajaee 1, Samuel Obiri 2, Allyson Green 1, Rachel Long 1, Samuel J. Cobbina 3, Vincent Nartey 4, David Buck 5, Edward Antwi 6 and Niladri Basu 1,7,* 1 Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; E-Mails: [email protected] (M.R.); [email protected] (A.G.); [email protected] (R.L.) 2 Council for Scientific and Industrial Research-Water Research Institute, Tamale, Ghana; E-Mail: [email protected] 3 Faculty of Renewable Natural Resources, University for Development Studies, Nyankpala, Ghana; E-Mail: [email protected] 4 Department of Chemistry, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana; E-Mail: [email protected] 5 Biodiversity Research Institute, Portland, ME 04103, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] 6 Centre for Energy, Environment & Sustainable Development, Kumasi, Ghana; E-Mail: [email protected] 7 Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-514-398-8642. Academic Editors: Susan Keane and Paleah Black Moher Received: 7 May 2015 / Accepted: 22 July 2015 / Published: 31 July 2015 Abstract: This paper is one of three synthesis documents produced via an integrated assessment (IA) that aims to increase understanding of artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) in Ghana.
    [Show full text]