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The Admiral Nimitz Historic Site

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The Admiral Nimitz Historic Site PooF THE ADMIRAL NIMITZ HISTORIC SITE - NATIONAL MUSEUM OF THE PACIFIC WAR Centerfor Pacific War Studies Fredericksburg, Texas Interview with Captain Ed Lee, Ret. U.S. Navy Interview With Ed Lee National Museum of the Pacific Today is October 3, 2002. My name is Floyd Cox, I’m a volunteer at the War in Fredericksburg, Texas. We’re here at the Nimitz Museum in Fredericksburg to interview Captain Ed Lee, Navy retired, concerning his experiences during World War II. time to do this Mr. Cox: I’d like to take the opportunity tell you thanks a lot, Captain Lee, for taking the oral history with us, even though we had a hard time getting started. I’d like to ask you a little bit about your background. Where you were born, when you were born, where you went to school, how did you get in the Navy, and we’ll just take it from there. March 21, 1913. I Mr. Lee: I started out life in Perchatkin, Ohio, a good old Indian name. I was born started school in Perchatkin, Ohio in 1918 when I was five. I graduated from Perchatkin High School in June of 1930. By that time the Great Depression had wreaked its wrath upon a lot of people, and my Dad had lost his business. I was lucky enough to have taken the examination for appointment to the Naval Academy. I was third in that. That allowed me to take the entrance exams for the Academy. That was in 1930 when 1 took those exams. 1 happened to pass, so that’s how I got into the Academy in 1930. I continued the course there, satisfactory, and graduated in 1934. I was commissioned at the rank of ensign. I had two II years of sea duty aboard the USS New Orleans, which became quite famous in World War I history. I had applied for flight training some time before, that was one of the reasons wanted to get in the Navy, to be a naval aviator. We had to serve two years aboard a surface ship before we could apply for flight training. I got an appointment in 1936 and went to Pensacola and went to the Corsair and got my wings in November of 1937. Mr. Cox: Who presented you your wings? who later was Mr. Lee: I was lucky enough to have my wings presented by Captain William Halsey, known as Bull Halsey, the famous admiral of the Third Fleet. My first duty assignment as an aviator was with bombing assist. I was assigned to the USS Enterprise which was not yet commissioned. We were stationed in Norfolk, Virginia. Right across the way was bombing five, which was assigned to the Yorktown. Our two squadrons at that time had biplanes that were old fighter planes that had been handed down to us from fighter squadrons that had gotten newer planes. About six months afterwards we were given the new dive bombers built by Northrup, called the BT-i. I don’t know what their nickname was, if anything. They were a monoplane, and they were the first monoplanes that were ever used aboard a carrier. I’m not quite sure just how these things were stowed, because only biplanes had gone aboard before then. The Yorktown squadron was about a month ahead of us in training. We were the first ones to go aboard, try to bring the planes aboard. They weren’t sure that the planes could land on them. It just wasn’t the thing to do. But they didn’t know any better, so they just went and brought them aboard. When we got our turn, we just did the same thing. It turned out that they had no trouble. Mr. Cox: Did you ever fly off the Langley at any time? Mr. Lee: No. I’m not quite that far back. training Mr. Cox: I know that was our first aircraft carrier, and I didn’t know if they used it for purposes or what. Mr. Lee: No, we had our training in an open field, on a landing strip, laid out like a flight deck. We had a flight signal officer out at the end of the thing, and he’d signal us in just like we were coming aboard a carrier. When we were aboard a carrier, it was just like a normal landing. Mr. Cox: You’d practiced landing on dirt fields, so the first time that you ever landed on a aircraft carrier, did you do it by yourself? Mr. Lee: That’s right. First time I was ever aboard any carrier I brought my plane aboard. Mr. Cox: What an experience! It wasn’t like a dirt field, though, was it, I mean, it was moving up and down, wasn’t it?. Mr. Lee: It wasn’t too much up and down. The signal man at the back of the ship signaled you what to do so you could come in with the movement of the ship. You tried to catch the number three wire. They had more wires there, you could get up to number six without storming the barrier, but anything beyond that you’d be liable to wind up with your propellers run through the barrier, or worse. Mr. Cox: When you come in and landed like that, regardless of what kind of plane you’re flying, do you count which ones you’ve missed, like you haven’t hit number one, two or three, are you counting them? Mr. Lee: Oh no, you’re not counting them, because they go by too fast. You’re watching everything else. Your hook’s down. You don’t try to put it down before number one though, that puts you right into the center of the ship. You don’t do that. It would spoil your whole day, and then some. Mr. Cox: OK, let’s get back to when you first went aboard ship with your aircraft. Let’s take it from there. Mr. Lee: We were training, making our qualification landings on the Yorktown. I guess we must have made about eight or ten. After we were considered qualified, we prepared to go aboard the Enterprise when it was commissioned, as it was very shortly. Four squadrons of fighter and bomber planes were put aboard the ship. We went through the Panama Canal and came out (Intelligible bit here). As soon as we got out there we were sent back to Norfolk, to be on a cruiser, a light cruiser, the USS Omaha, which was one of the cruisers left over from World War I. They had two catapults aboard, and two planes. They were biplanes. To get them in the air, they put them on the catapult and used a gunpowder charge, five-inch charges, and shot us off. Mr. Cox: What is that called, an OSU? in the Mr. Lee: No, this was an FOC. A single-engine plane. To bring those aboard you had to land out water and be picked up by the cranes. Mr. Cox: When you landed one of these airplanes, did you just land in the water or was there some preparation? Mr. Lee: There was preparation for it. The cruiser would be going about 45 degrees to the wind direction, then make a right turn, or a left turn as the case may be, to go through the wind sort of flat, they’d and land at 45 degrees on the other side. In that turn, the water would be knock the top off the waves, and we would land in that flat area and then taxi up to the side, and they’d put the hook down in the water and draw us up. Mr. Cox: How many crewmen did you have on your plane crew? Mr. Lee: We had two planes, two pilots, I guess 25 or 30 for the planes. Mr. Cox: Did your plane crew have a pilot, an observer, and did you have a gunner on there? Mr. Lee: Pilot and gunner. It was a two-passenger plane. We weren’t able to use target planes. We’d have to take off over open water. I tell you, that was sometimes a little hairy. We were doing a lot of observing. We were looking for German submarines. We had our cruisers out there. We also had ???? off the Atlantic coast, and some of our destroyers were out there too. We even had a destroyer sunk during that time. Before the war was declared. Mr. Cox: Were there German submarines there? Mr. Lee: Yes. Mr. Cox: It was torpedoed, then? Mr. Lee: Yes. We were doing this neutrality patrol for at least a year before, almost two years before the war started, I guess. Mr. Cox: On your neutrality patrols, did you ever spot any German submarines? any Mr. Lee: I didn’t personally, but I think some of them did, I’m not sure on that, but I did not spot myself. Mr. Cox: How did you like the duty aboard that cruiser, doing what you were doing? for last Mr. Lee: It was fine. Before I went to flight training, when I was on duty in New Orleans, the year of flying year I had had the privilege of being a spotter, a radio spotter, so I had almost a good and a year at sea before I went to Pensacola. I turned out to enjoyed that. So 1 had pretty me. idea of what I was going to get into when I got to Pensacola.
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