Review Article Neddylation, a novel paradigm in liver cancer Teresa Cardoso Delgado1, Lúcia Barbier-Torres1,2, Imanol Zubiete-Franco1,3, Fernando Lopitz-Otsoa1, Marta Varela-Rey1, David Fernández-Ramos1, María-Luz Martínez-Chantar1 1CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain; 2Division of Gastroenterology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; 3Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, NY, USA Contributions: (I) Conception and design: TC Delgado, ML Martínez-Chantar; (II) Administrative support: None; (III) Provision of study materials or patients: None; (IV) Collection and assembly of data: None; (V) Data analysis and interpretation: None; (VI) Manuscript writing: All authors; (VII) Final approval of manuscript: All authors. Correspondence to: Teresa Cardoso Delgado. CIC bioGUNE, Ed. 801A Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain. Email:
[email protected]. Abstract: Liver cancer is the sixth most prevailing cancer worldwide. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common form of primary liver cancer, has a rather heterogeneous pathogenesis making it highly refractive to current therapeutic approaches. Hence, HCC patients have a poor and gloomy prognosis making liver cancer the second leading cause of global cancer-related deaths. On this basis, a more global mechanism, such as post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins, may provide a valuable therapeutic approach for HCC clinical management by simultaneously regulating multiple disrupted signaling pathways. In the last years, the ubiquitin-like molecule NEDD8 (Neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated-8) conjugation pathway, neddylation, was shown to be aberrant in HCC patients with a significant positive correlation found among global levels of neddylation and poorer prognosis.