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Spring 2012 a Publication of the Maryland Native Plant Society Volume 3, Issue 1

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Spring 2012 a Publication of the Maryland Native Plant Society Volume 3, Issue 1 Spring 2012 A Publication of the Maryland Native Plant Society Volume 3, Issue 1 Art by Tina ieme Brown White Oak (Quercus alba L.) Beech Family (Fagaceae) Official State Tree of Maryland Tina ieme Brown Letter from the President A Publication of the Dear Members, Maryland Native Plant Society For the first issue of 2012, I’ll give you an overview of the Society’s activities in 2011. We started what we hope will be a tradition, to focus on a single plant group for the entire year. We picked ferns, those ancient, ubiquitous, and hard-to-distinguish species. Ferns were featured in seven field trips, three monthly meetings, and two issues of Marilandica. Dwight Johnson’s Key to the 25 Common Ferns of Maryland proved indispensable throughout the year; it’s available on our website. Members responded enthusiastically, and for 2012 we’re focusing on Oaks. www.mdflora.org Field trips are our core activity. Last year the Society sponsored over 30 field trips, plus a P.O. Box 4877 Silver Spring, MD 20914 field excursion to the Pocono Plateau, and additional field trips at the conference. We thus enabled hundreds of people to experience the deep satisfaction of going outside and paying close CONTACTS attention to what we see. anks to Cris Fleming and Bob Yacovissi, plant lists from many field Membership trips are now posted on the website. Attendance at our meetings and field trips is at an all-time Karyn Molines, [email protected] high. e annual fall conference is a highlight of the year. Our 2011 Conference at LaPlata in Marilandica Editor Charles County focused on Southern Maryland’s rich plant communities and the urgent necessity Carolyn Fulton, [email protected] to protect them from encroaching development. Watch for announcements of this year’s Confer- Webmaster ence to be held at Towson University under the leadership of the Greater Baltimore Chapter. Iris Mars, [email protected] We continue to advocate for conservation. Carol Jelich testified in favor of legislation General Inquiries [email protected] (enacted) that will regulate the sale of invasive non-native plant species. Linda Keenan testified at a hearing on Prince Georges County’s Preservation Area Functional Master Plan. Kirsten MNPS CHAPTERS Johnson and Mary Pat Rowan were invited to speak at a US National Arboretum stakeholders Catoctin meeting. Linda Davis, Kirsten Johnson, Eugene Meyer, Bob Stanhope and other members Jim and Teresa Gallion, [email protected] participated in the Coalition for Responsible Deer Management, described in the Conservation Joe Metzger, [email protected] Watch section. In addition, we often cosign petitions and testimony by other organizations on Eastern Shore Leslie Hunter-Cario, [email protected] conservation issues. Greater Baltimore e Greater Baltimore Chapter welcomed Chris Partain as its new Chair. Outgoing Chair Christa Partain, [email protected] Ann Lundy, a founding member of the chapter, will continue on the chapter’s board. e Montgomery County chapter is now holding meetings monthly in Baltimore City, Baltimore County, and Howard [email protected] County. Under Liz McDowell’s leadership, our Western Mountains Chapter continued its regular North East meetings with speakers and outreach activities. In Montgomery County, some of our monthly Matthew Bazar, [email protected] meetings have been standing-room-only, so please arrive early to get a seat and to socialize. Prince George’s/Anne Arundel Counties For details of all our activities in 2011, please see our 2011 Annual Report in the “About” Matt T. Salo, [email protected] section of our website. Southern Maryland Karyn Molines, [email protected] ~ Kirsten Johnson Washington, DC Mary Pat Rowan, [email protected] Western Mountains Liz McDowell, [email protected] Western Mountains Chapter EXECUTIVE OFFICERS Kirsten Johnson, President e Western Mountains Chapter is celebrating the Year of the Oak with assistance from Wade [email protected] Dorsey, Savage River State Forest manager. Wade will lead a leisurely walk in June to highlight Marney Bruce, Vice President Linda Keenan, Vice President various oak species found in Garrett County. en as an encore at our October meeting, he will Marc Imlay, Vice President share his presentation on Maryland’s native oaks. Ginny Yacovissi, Secretary Our chapter meetings this year cover a range of topics. At our February meeting Liz Matt Cohen, Treasurer McDowell, Chapter Coordinator, explained how gardeners can play a key role in maintaining regional biodiversity by ‘going native'. In April we will focus on pawpaw, as plant breeder, R. BOARD OF DIRECTORS Neal Peterson, recounts its history, biology, and his recent efforts at its domestication. At our Ken Bawer Karyn Molines Matthew Bazar Christopher Puttock June meeting the guest speaker will be Donna Ford-Wentz, Herbarium Curator, West Virginia Carole Bergmann Glenn Rice University. Her main research interests include the flora of West Virginia and plant collections Melanie Choukas-Bradley Mary Pat Rowan management. In August Stephen Keller, Assistant Professor, Appalachian Laboratory, will Cris Fleming Roderick Simmons discuss his current research on the ecology and evolution of invasive species and the conservation Carolyn Fulton Gary Steele genetics of rare and declining species. Albert Hartley Lou Aronica, Emeritus Our chapter members continue to spread the word about the value of native plants by serving Brett McMillan Joe Metzger, Emeritus on Frostburg University’s “Tree Campus USA” Advisory Committee and Arboretum Task Force, assisting local garden clubs with questions and representing MNPS at local native plant sales. ~ Liz Mc Dowell, Western Mountains Chapter Coordinator. Marilandica Spring 2012 page 1 Oak in Focus—White Oak Quercus alba L. gray, glabrous or nearly so when mature (greenish or reddish and may Beech Family (Fagaceae) be hairy when young), with scaly, reddish brown, ovoid or nearly by Melanie Choukas-Bradley round winter buds. Growth Habit: Large tree with a full, rounded crown. Woodland uring the “Year of the Oak,” the Maryland Native Plant trees are tall and straight; trees grown in the open may have a short, Society is celebrating the 21 native oaks of Maryland and wide trunk and broadly spreading limbs. we are learning all we can about their identifying charac- teristics and their importance to our regional ecology. Similar Species: Although Quercus alba is by far the most common of Surely none of our 21 species is more beloved than the the trees in the white oak group growing in Maryland, it could be white oak (Quercus alba), our official state tree. Abun- mistaken with other species. Chestnut oak (Q. prinus) has more dant in woodlands throughout Maryland, the white oak has shallowly lobed leaves and bark that is dark, thick, and separated into o long been a friend to humankind, both as a forest and ridges and valleys. Swamp chestnut or basket oak (Q. michauxii) has cultivated tree. Montgomery County Forest Ecologist and leaves similar to chestnut oak, and bark similar to white oak. It is MNPS board member Carole Bergmann speaks for all of us when she largely a tree of the coastal plain although a few specimens grow at says: “Such a beautiful tree! e pale gray shingled bark stands out so Blockhouse Point and in other piedmont locations and it is planted in beautifully against a bright blue winter afternoon sky. e white oak the Washington, D.C. area. Swamp white oak (Q. bicolor) has thick is our state tree for a reason. I love that tree and always point it out on leaves with felt-like pubescence below and long-stalked acorns. Post every walk I lead!” White oak acorns are edible after treating to oak (Q. stellata) has leaves with a large pair of lobes near the apex, remove tannin. Traditionally, a protein-rich meal was made from the giving the leaf a cross-shaped look. See www.mdflora.org for a full list of crushed, ground acorns and used in baked goods. e acorns are an oaks native to MD and other resources related to the Year of the Oak. important food source for wildlife, including squirrels, raccoons, Locations: e white oak can be found growing in woodlands white-tailed deer, wild turkeys, and quail. Less well-known is the throughout Maryland and it is a favorite cultivated tree. According to importance of oaks to insects, including butterflies and moths. Botanist, Ecologist and MNPS board member Rod Simmons: “Most MNPS President Kirsten Johnson observes: “Doug Tallamy says oaks of the mature White Oaks we see in yards and along old neighbor- support 534 Lepidopteran species – more than any other genus in the hoods and sections of cities are remnants of native forested areas midatlantic. us oaks also support insect-eating birds and animals.” dominated by upland oaks that were present when the houses and e white oak is, not surprisingly, in the white oak group, along with streets were built.” eight other Maryland oak species. Trees in the white oak group bear leaves with rounded (non-bristle-tipped) lobes or teeth (or apices in reats to the White Oak and other Oaks: Kirsten Johnson notes non-toothed or lobed species) and acorns maturing in one year. e that the white oak and other oaks are threatened by deer and urban- acorns in the white oak group are purportedly “sweeter” than those in ization. On the latter, Rod Simmons agrees: “[e white oak] can the red oak group. tolerate the successive periods of drought and heat associated with climate change, but it cannot tolerate significant water table drops Native Habitat and Range: A variety of habitats including upland and loss of groundwater infiltration around its root zone that result woods; grows best in deep, rich, well-drained soils. Eastern U.S. and from the now-constant practices of digging, trenching, paving, over- southeastern Canada from Maine and southern Quebec to Minne- building, burying underground utilities, etc., that are the hallmarks sota, south to eastern Texas and northern Florida.
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