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A History of Northwest Colorado
II* 88055956 AN ISOLATED EMPIRE BLM Library Denver Federal Center Bldg. 50, OC-521 P-O. Box 25047 Denver, CO 80225 PARE* BY FREDERIC J. ATHEARN IrORIAh ORADO STATE OFFICE BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT 1976 f- W TABLE OF CONTENTS Wb Preface. i Introduction and Chronological Summary . iv I. Northwestern Colorado Prior to Exploitation . 1 II. The Fur Trade. j_j_ III. Exploration in Northwestern Colorado, 1839-1869 23 IV. Mining and Transportation in Early Western Colorado .... 34 V. Confrontations: Settlement Versus the Ute Indians. 45 VI. Settlement in Middle Park and the Yampa Valley. 63 VII. Development of the Cattle and Sheep Industry, 1868-1920... 76 VIII. Mining and Transportation, 1890-1920 .. 91 IX. The "Moffat Road" and Northwestern Colorado, 1903-1948 . 103 X. Development of Northwestern Colorado, 1890-1940. 115 Bibliography 2&sr \)6tWet’ PREFACE Pu£Eose: This study was undertaken to provide the basis for identification and evaluation of historic resources within the Craig, Colorado District of the Bureau of Land Management. The narrative of historic activities serves as a guide and yardstick regarding what physical evidence of these activities—historic sites, structures, ruins and objects—are known or suspected to be present on the land, and evaluation of what their historical significance may be. Such information is essential in making a wide variety of land management decisions effecting historic cultural resources. Objectives: As a basic cultural resource inventory and evaluation tool, the narrative and initial inventory of known historic resources will serve a variety of objectives: 1. Provide information for basic Bureau planning docu¬ ments and land management decisions relating to cultural resources. -
U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Locatable Mineral Reports for Colorado, South Dakota, and Wyoming provided to the U.S. Forest Service in Fiscal Years 1996 and 1997 by Anna B. Wilson Open File Report OF 97-535 1997 This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) editorial standards or with the North American Stratigraphic Code. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. CONTENTS page INTRODUCTION ................................................................... 1 COLORADO ...................................................................... 2 Arapaho National Forest (administered by White River National Forest) Slate Creek .................................................................. 3 Arapaho and Roosevelt National Forests Winter Park Properties (Raintree) ............................................... 15 Gunnison and White River National Forests Mountain Coal Company ...................................................... 17 Pike National Forest Land Use Resource Center .................................................... 28 Pike and San Isabel National Forests Shepard and Associates ....................................................... 36 Roosevelt National Forest Larry and Vi Carpenter ....................................................... 52 Routt National Forest Smith Rancho ............................................................... 55 San Juan National -
October 2008
1 Interstate Hiking Club Organized 1931 Affiliate of the NY-NJ Trail Conference Schedule of Hikes May 2008 through October 2008 Web Page: http:// www.MINDSPRING.COM/~INTERSTATEHIKING/ e-mail: [email protected] __________________________________________________________________________ Interstate Hiking Club C/O Charles Kientzler 711 Terhune Drive Wayne, NJ 07470-7111 First Class Mail 2 GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE INTERSTATE HIKING CLUB Who we are! The Interstate Hiking Club (IHC) is a medium-sized hiking club, organized in 1931. IHC has been affiliated with the NY/NJ Trail Conference, as a trail maintaining club, since 1931. Guests are welcome! An adult must accompany anyone under 18. No Pets allowed on IHC hikes. Where do we go? Most of our activities are centered in the NY/NJ area; some hikes, bicycle rides and canoe trips are farther away. The club occasionally sponsors trips in the Catskills and Pennsylvania. Our hikes are not usually accessible by public transportation. What do we do? Hikes, bicycle rides and canoe trips generally are scheduled for every Sunday, and some Fridays and Saturdays, as day-long outings. They are graded by difficulty of terrain, distance and pace. The Hiking grades are: Strenuous: More climbing, usually rugged walking, generally 9 miles or more. Moderate: Some climbing and rugged walking, but less than 9 miles. Easy: Generally easy, fairly level trails, slower pace, and 6 to 8 miles. The club also maintains trails in association with the NY/NJ Trail Conference. Two Sundays a year are devoted to this service work. In addition, in the past we have participated in the following: orienteering, snow-shoeing, cross-country skiing, swimming, canoeing, mountain biking, backpacking, and camp-outs in the Adirondacks and Maine. -
Here It Gradually Loses Elevation Approaching Lake Awosting
DRAFT Sam’s Point Preserve Master Plan May 30, 2009 Draft Master Plan Sam’s Point Preserve Cragsmoor, New York Prepared by: The Nature Conservancy Open Space Institute Sam’s Point Advisory Council Completed: (May 30, 2009) Contacts: Cara Lee, Shawangunk Ridge Program Director ([email protected] ) Heidi Wagner, Preserve Manager ([email protected] ) Gabriel Chapin, Forest and Fire Ecologist ([email protected] ) The Nature Conservancy Eastern New York Chapter Sam’s Point Preserve PO Box 86 Cragsmoor, NY 12420 Phone: 845-647-7989 or 845-255-9051 Fax: 845-255-9623 Paul Elconin ([email protected]) Open Space Institute 1350 Broadway, Suite 201 New York, NY 10018 Phone: 212-629-3981 Fax: 212-244-3441 ii Table of Contents Table of Contents ii List of Tables iii List of Figures and Maps iv List of Appendices v Acknowledgments vi Executive Summary vii Introduction A. The Northern Shawangunk Mountains 1 B. A Community Based Conservation Approach 4 C. History of Sam’s Point Preserve 4 D. Regional Context - Open Space Protection and Local Government 7 I. Natural Resource Information A. Geology and Soils 10 B. Vegetation and Natural Communities 11 C. Wildlife and Rare Species 15 II. Mission and Goals A. Mission Statement 18 B. Conservation Goals 19 C. Programmatic Goals 20 D. Land Protection Goals 20 III. Infrastructure A. Facilities Plan 26 B. Roads and Parking Areas 27 C. Trails 32 D. Signage, Kiosks and Access Points 35 E. Ice Caves Trail 36 iii IV. Ecological Management and Research A. Fire Management 38 B. Exotic and Invasive Species Control 42 C. -
Physical Activity in Mentoring
Getting Active and Making a Difference Physical Activity in Mentoring Table of Contents August 2015 1. Mission 2. Getting Active (a framework for mentors) 3. The Problem The Solution 4. For Program Coordinators 5. Community-Based Programs 6. School-Based Programs 7. Appendix A 8. Appendix B 9. Appendix C 1 Mission Mobius and the Vermont Department of Health are partnering in an effort to provide resources and guidance for mentoring organizations and mentors across the state to incorporate some form of physical activity into their programs. This guidebook aims to help mentors and coordinators understand the importance of getting mentees active and aid them in finding ways to do so. While this mission is driven by the Healthy Vermonters 2020 goals that aim to reduce the number of obese youth to 8% by 2020, the ultimate purpose of this guidebook coincides with the inherent mission of mentoring, to enhance the lives of youth and provide them with a foundation for success. Getting Active 2 Ability Mentors ought to consider their own comfort level and the background of their mentee How will different activities impact their self-esteem and willingness to continue pursuing these experiences? Positivity To create a positive environment, the mentor must be comfortable and confident with the chosen activity Collaboration Mentors and mentees should work together to determine what types of activities are appropriate for their age, skill level, and interests You’d Be Surprised! When people hear the words “physical activity” they often think of organized sports or exercise. However, every day we are being physically active without consciously trying to be. -
Rio Grande National Forest – Assessment 12 Areas of Tribal Importance
Rio Grande National Forest – Assessment 12 Areas of Tribal Importance Rio Grande National Forest – Assessment 12 Areas of Tribal Importance Contents Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 2 Information Sources and Gaps.................................................................................................................. 2 Existing Forest Plan Direction for Tribal Resources ................................................................................ 3 Scale of Analysis ................................................................................................................................... 3 Intertribal and Interagency Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act Memorandum of Understanding ................................................................................................................................... 4 Existing Tribal Rights ............................................................................................................................... 4 Previous Treaties with Ute Bands ......................................................................................................... 4 Hunting Rights: The Brunot Treaty ...................................................................................................... 5 Spiritual Rights .................................................................................................................................... -
Historical Range of Variability and Current Landscape Condition Analysis: South Central Highlands Section, Southwestern Colorado & Northwestern New Mexico
Historical Range of Variability and Current Landscape Condition Analysis: South Central Highlands Section, Southwestern Colorado & Northwestern New Mexico William H. Romme, M. Lisa Floyd, David Hanna with contributions by Elisabeth J. Bartlett, Michele Crist, Dan Green, Henri D. Grissino-Mayer, J. Page Lindsey, Kevin McGarigal, & Jeffery S.Redders Produced by the Colorado Forest Restoration Institute at Colorado State University, and Region 2 of the U.S. Forest Service May 12, 2009 Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY … p 5 AUTHORS’ AFFILIATIONS … p 16 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS … p 16 CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION A. Objectives and Organization of This Report … p 17 B. Overview of Physical Geography and Vegetation … p 19 C. Climate Variability in Space and Time … p 21 1. Geographic Patterns in Climate 2. Long-Term Variability in Climate D. Reference Conditions: Concept and Application … p 25 1. Historical Range of Variability (HRV) Concept 2. The Reference Period for this Analysis 3. Human Residents and Influences during the Reference Period E. Overview of Integrated Ecosystem Management … p 30 F. Literature Cited … p 34 CHAPTER II. PONDEROSA PINE FORESTS A. Vegetation Structure and Composition … p 39 B. Reference Conditions … p 40 1. Reference Period Fire Regimes 2. Other agents of disturbance 3. Pre-1870 stand structures C. Legacies of Euro-American Settlement and Current Conditions … p 67 1. Logging (“High-Grading”) in the Late 1800s and Early 1900s 2. Excessive Livestock Grazing in the Late 1800s and Early 1900s 3. Fire Exclusion Since the Late 1800s 4. Interactions: Logging, Grazing, Fire, Climate, and the Forests of Today D. Summary … p 83 E. Literature Cited … p 84 CHAPTER III. -
Colorado Fourteeners Checklist
Colorado Fourteeners Checklist Rank Mountain Peak Mountain Range Elevation Date Climbed 1 Mount Elbert Sawatch Range 14,440 ft 2 Mount Massive Sawatch Range 14,428 ft 3 Mount Harvard Sawatch Range 14,421 ft 4 Blanca Peak Sangre de Cristo Range 14,351 ft 5 La Plata Peak Sawatch Range 14,343 ft 6 Uncompahgre Peak San Juan Mountains 14,321 ft 7 Crestone Peak Sangre de Cristo Range 14,300 ft 8 Mount Lincoln Mosquito Range 14,293 ft 9 Castle Peak Elk Mountains 14,279 ft 10 Grays Peak Front Range 14,278 ft 11 Mount Antero Sawatch Range 14,276 ft 12 Torreys Peak Front Range 14,275 ft 13 Quandary Peak Mosquito Range 14,271 ft 14 Mount Evans Front Range 14,271 ft 15 Longs Peak Front Range 14,259 ft 16 Mount Wilson San Miguel Mountains 14,252 ft 17 Mount Shavano Sawatch Range 14,231 ft 18 Mount Princeton Sawatch Range 14,204 ft 19 Mount Belford Sawatch Range 14,203 ft 20 Crestone Needle Sangre de Cristo Range 14,203 ft 21 Mount Yale Sawatch Range 14,200 ft 22 Mount Bross Mosquito Range 14,178 ft 23 Kit Carson Mountain Sangre de Cristo Range 14,171 ft 24 Maroon Peak Elk Mountains 14,163 ft 25 Tabeguache Peak Sawatch Range 14,162 ft 26 Mount Oxford Collegiate Peaks 14,160 ft 27 Mount Sneffels Sneffels Range 14,158 ft 28 Mount Democrat Mosquito Range 14,155 ft 29 Capitol Peak Elk Mountains 14,137 ft 30 Pikes Peak Front Range 14,115 ft 31 Snowmass Mountain Elk Mountains 14,099 ft 32 Windom Peak Needle Mountains 14,093 ft 33 Mount Eolus San Juan Mountains 14,090 ft 34 Challenger Point Sangre de Cristo Range 14,087 ft 35 Mount Columbia Sawatch Range -
Army Corps of Engineers Response Document Draft
3.0 ORANGE COUNTY Orange County has experienced numerous water resource problems along the main stem and the associated tributaries of the Moodna Creek and the Ramapo River that are typically affected by flooding during heavy rain events over the past several years including streambank erosion, agradation, sedimentation, deposition, blockages, environmental degradation, water quality and especially flooding. However, since October 2005, the flooding issues have severely increased and flooding continues during storm events that may or may not be considered significant. Areas affected as a result of creek flows are documented in the attached trip reports (Appendix D). Throughout the Orange County watershed, site visits confirmed opportunities to stabilize the eroding or threatened banks restore the riparian habitat while controlling sediment transport and improving water quality, and balance the flow regime. If the local municipalities choose to request Federal involvement, there are several options, depending on their budget, desired timeframe and intended results. The most viable options include a specifically authorized watershed study or program, or an emergency streambank protection project (Section 14 of the Continuing Authorities Program), or pursing a Continuing Authorities Program study for Flood Risk Management or Aquatic Ecosystem Restoration (Section 205 and Section 206 of the Continuing Authorities Program, respectively). Limited Federal involvement could also be provided in the form of the Planning Assistance to States or Support for Others programs provide assistance and limited funds outside of traditional Corps authorities. A watershed study focusing on restoration of the Moodna Creek, Otter Creek, Ramapo River and their associated tributaries could address various problems using a systematic approach. -
RV Sites in the United States Location Map 110-Mile Park Map 35 Mile
RV sites in the United States This GPS POI file is available here: https://poidirectory.com/poifiles/united_states/accommodation/RV_MH-US.html Location Map 110-Mile Park Map 35 Mile Camp Map 370 Lakeside Park Map 5 Star RV Map 566 Piney Creek Horse Camp Map 7 Oaks RV Park Map 8th and Bridge RV Map A AAA RV Map A and A Mesa Verde RV Map A H Hogue Map A H Stephens Historic Park Map A J Jolly County Park Map A Mountain Top RV Map A-Bar-A RV/CG Map A. W. Jack Morgan County Par Map A.W. Marion State Park Map Abbeville RV Park Map Abbott Map Abbott Creek (Abbott Butte) Map Abilene State Park Map Abita Springs RV Resort (Oce Map Abram Rutt City Park Map Acadia National Parks Map Acadiana Park Map Ace RV Park Map Ackerman Map Ackley Creek Co Park Map Ackley Lake State Park Map Acorn East Map Acorn Valley Map Acorn West Map Ada Lake Map Adam County Fairgrounds Map Adams City CG Map Adams County Regional Park Map Adams Fork Map Page 1 Location Map Adams Grove Map Adelaide Map Adirondack Gateway Campgroun Map Admiralty RV and Resort Map Adolph Thomae Jr. County Par Map Adrian City CG Map Aerie Crag Map Aeroplane Mesa Map Afton Canyon Map Afton Landing Map Agate Beach Map Agnew Meadows Map Agricenter RV Park Map Agua Caliente County Park Map Agua Piedra Map Aguirre Spring Map Ahart Map Ahtanum State Forest Map Aiken State Park Map Aikens Creek West Map Ainsworth State Park Map Airplane Flat Map Airport Flat Map Airport Lake Park Map Airport Park Map Aitkin Co Campground Map Ajax Country Livin' I-49 RV Map Ajo Arena Map Ajo Community Golf Course Map -
San Juan National Forest
SAN JUAN NATIONAL FOREST Colorado UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE V 5 FOREST SERVICE t~~/~ Rocky Mountain Region Denver, Colorado Cover Page. — Chimney Rock, San Juan National Forest F406922 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1942 * DEPOSITED BY T,HE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA San Juan National Forest CAN JUAN NATIONAL FOREST is located in the southwestern part of Colorado, south and west of the Continental Divide, and extends, from the headwaters of the Navajo River westward to the La Plata Moun- \ tains. It is named after the San Juan River, the principal river drainage y in this section of the State, which, with its tributaries in Colorado, drains the entire area within the forest. It contains a gross area of 1,444,953 ^ acres, of which 1,255,977 are Government land under Forest Service administration, and 188,976 are State and privately owned. The forest was created by proclamation of President Theodore Roosevelt on June 3, 1905. RICH IN HISTORY The San Juan country records the march of time from prehistoric man through the days of early explorers and the exploits of modern pioneers, each group of which has left its mark upon the land. The earliest signs of habitation by man were left by the cliff and mound dwellers. Currently with or following this period the inhabitants were the ancestors of the present tribes of Indians, the Navajos and the Utes. After the middle of the eighteenth century the early Spanish explorers and traders made their advent into this section of the new world in increasing numbers. -
American Rockies: Photographs by Gus Foster EXHIBITION LIST All
American Rockies: Photographs by Gus Foster EXHIBITION LIST All photographs courtesy of artist except Windom Peak. Photographs are Ektacolor prints. Dimensions are frame size only. 1. Wheeler Peak, 1987 Sangre de Cristo Range Wheeler Peak Wilderness, New Mexico 360 degree panoramic photograph 30" x 144" 2. Continental Divide, 1998 Black Range Aldo Leopold Wilderness, New Mexico 372 degree panoramic photograph 24" x 96" 3. Truchas Lakes, 1986 Sangre de Cristo Range Pecos Wilderness, New Mexico 378 degree panoramic photograph 24" x 96" 4. Pecos Big Horns, 1989 Sangre de Cristo Range Pecos Wilderness, New Mexico 376 degree panoramic photograph 24" x 96" 5. Aspens, 1993 Sangre de Cristo Range Santa Fe National Forest, New Mexico 375 degree panoramic photograph 30" x 144" 6. Sandia Mountains, 1997 Sangre de Cristo Range Sandia Mountain Wilderness, New Mexico 365 degree panoramic photograph 16" x 70" 7. Chimayosos Peak, 1988 Sangre de Cristo Range Pecos Wilderness, New Mexico 376 degree panoramic photograph 16" x 70" 8. Venado Peak, 1990 Sangre de Cristo Range Latir Wilderness, New Mexico 380 degree panoramic photograph 16" x 70" 9. Winter Solstice, 1995 Sangre de Cristo Range Carson National Forest, New Mexico 368 degree panoramic photograph 16" x 70" 10. Beaver Creek Drainage, 1988 Carson National Forest Cruces Basin Wilderness, New Mexico 384 degree panoramic photograph 30" x 144" 11. Mt. Antero, 1990 Sawatch Range San Isabel National Forest, Colorado 368 degree panoramic photograph 24" x 96" 12. Mt. Yale, 1988 Sawatch Range Collegiate Peaks Wilderness, Colorado 370 degree panoramic photograph 24" x 96" 13. Windom Peak, 1989 Needle Mountains, San Juan Range Weminuche Wilderness, Colorado 378 degree panoramic photograph 30" x 144" Collection of The Albuquerque Museum 14.