A Panorama of Media Education in Brazil, Portugal and Spain
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AGENTS A ND VOICES ND AGENTS A PANORAMA OF M A PANORAMA AND E D I A E DUCAT VOICES I ON A PANORAMA OF I N BRAZ MEDIA EDUCATION I L, P ORTUGAL AND SPA IN BRAZIL, PORTUGAL University of Gothenburg AND SPAIN PO Box 713, SE 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden Telephone: +46 31 786 00 00 (op.) I www.nordicom.gu.se/clearinghouse N Editor: Ilana Eleá Editor: Ilana Eleá Editor: ISBN 978-91-87957-06-2 9 789187 957062 at NORDICOM, University of Gothenburg The International Clearinghouse on Children, Youth and Media, at A UNESCO INITIATIVE 1997 Nordicom University of Gothenburg Box 713 In 1997, the Nordic Information Centre for Media and SE 405 30 GÖTEBORG, Sweden Communication Research (Nordicom), University Web site: of Gothenburg, Sweden, began establishment of www.nordicom.gu.se/clearinghouse the International Clearinghouse on Children, Youth DIRECTOR: Ingela Wadbring and Media. The overall point of departure for the SCIENTIFIC CO-ORDINATOR: Clearinghouse’s efforts with respect to children, youth Ilana Eleá and media is the UN Convention on the Rights of the Tel: +46 706 00 1788 Child. Fax: +46 31 786 46 55 The aim of the Clearinghouse is to increase [email protected] awareness and knowledge about children, youth and INFORMATION CO-ORDINATOR: media, thereby providing a basis for relevant policy- Catharina Bucht making, contributing to a constructive public debate, Tel: +46 31 786 49 53 Fax: +46 31 786 46 55 and enhancing children’s and young people’s media [email protected] literacy and media competence. Moreover, it is hoped that the Clearinghouse’s work will stimulate further research on children, youth and media. THE CLEARINGHOUSE The International Clearinghouse on Children, IS LOCATED AT NORDICOM Youth and Media informs various groups of users – Nordicom is an organ of researchers, policy-makers, media professionals, co-operation between the Nordic voluntary organisations, teachers, students and countries – Denmark, Finland, Ice- interested individuals – about land, Norway and Sweden. The over- riding goal and purpose is to make the media and communication efforts • research on children, young people and under taken in the Nordic countries media, with special attention to media known, both through out and far violence, beyond our part of the world. Nordicom uses a variety of chan- nels – newsletters, journals, books, • research and practices regarding media databases – to reach researchers, education and children’s/young people’s students, decisionmakers, media participation in the media, and practitioners, journalists, teach- ers and interested members of the general public. • measures, activities and research concerning Nordicom works to establish and children’s and young people’s media strengthen links between the Nordic research community and colleagues environment. in all parts of the world, both by means of unilateral flows and by link- Fundamental to the work of the Clearinghouse is ing individual researchers, research the creation of a global network. The Clearinghouse groups and institutions. Nordicom also documents media publishes a yearbook and reports. Several bibliographies trends in the Nordic countries. The and a worldwide register of organisations concerned joint Nordic information addresses with children and media have been compiled. This and users in Europe and further afield. other information is available on the Clearinghouse’s The production of comparative media web site: statistics forms the core of this service. Nordicom is funded by the Nordic www.nordicom.gu.se/clearinghouse Council of Ministers. AGENTS AND VOICES AGENTS AND VOICES A PANORAMA OF MEDIA EDUCATION IN BRAZIL, PORTUGAL AND SPAIN Ed. Ilana Eleá at NORDICOM, University of Gothenburg Agents and Voices A Panorama of Media Education in Brazil, Portugal and Spain Editor: Ilana Eleá © Editorial matters and selections, the editor; articles, individual contributors This book is the English version of the 2014 yearbook Agentes e Vozes: Um Panorama da Mídia-Educação no Brasil, Portugal e Espanha, published by the International Clearinghouse on Children, Youth and Media at Nordicom, University of Gothenburg. ISBN 978-91-87957-06-2 Published by: The International Clearinghouse on Children, Youth and Media Nordicom University of Gothenburg Box 713 SE 405 30 Göteborg Sweden Cover by: Karin Persson Printed by: Taberg Media Group AB, Taberg, Sweden, 2015 Contents Preface 9 Ilana Eleá Introduction 11 BRAZIL Children, Youth and Media Gilka Girardello Children Making Media in School. Challenges to Authorship and Participation 23 Rosalia Duarte, Rita Migliora & Maria Cristina Carvalho Narratives as a Basis for Enhancing the Skill of Analysing and Producing Digital Media Content 33 Rita Marisa Ribes Pereira & Nélia Mara Rezende Macedo Research with Children in Cyberculture. Ethical, Theoretical, and Methodological Challenges 43 Media Education: Public Policies, Curricular Proposals and Teacher Training Monica Fantin Contexts, Perspectives and Challenges for Media Education in Brazil 53 Alexandra Bujokas de Siqueira Media Education in Teacher Training. The Experience of the Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro Based on a UNESCO Proposal 63 An Overview of Practices in Brazil Lyana Thédiga de Miranda Media, Reflection and Action. An Overview of Media-Education Activities in Formal and Informal Contexts of Brazilian Education 75 Leunice Martins de Oliveira The Media in Education. The Strengthening of Identities and Rights 83 Adriana Fresquet Film Schools in Rio de Janeiro’s Public Education 91 Joana Brandão Indigenous Digital Inclusion. Action through Information 99 Magda Pischetola Collaborative Learning. Challenges and Strategies for Digital Inclusion 105 PORTUGAL Children, Youth and Media Cristina Ponte & Karita Gonçalves Opposite Cultures? Schools’ and Children’s Practices with Digital Media 115 Conceição Costa Brands, Media Literacy and Pre-teenagers 123 Sara Pereira The Internet in Young People’s Everyday Life. Listening to Portuguese Teens’ Voices 137 Media Education: Public Policies, Curricular Proposals and Teacher Training Vítor Reia-Baptista “Easy Pieces” of Film Literacy. Some European Cases 147 Manuel Pinto Defining a Media Literacy Policy through Networking 155 An Overview of Practices in Portugal Ana Jorge, Luís Pereira & Conceição Costa Media Education Practices in Portugal. A Panoramic View 165 Vitor Tomé Production of School Newspapers in Portuguese Schools. When the Printed Newspaper is More Desired than the Digital 169 Maria José Brites, Ana Jorge & Sílvio Correia Santos RadioActive. A European Online Radio Project 177 Daniel Meirinho Olhares em Foco (Glances in Focus). A Participatory Photography Project to Promote Social Development Among Young People in Brazil and Portugal 183 Simone Petrella Media Education and Intergenerational Communication. Inclusive Practice for Children and the Elderly 193 SPAIN Children, Youth and Media Ana I. Bernal Triviño & Josep Lobera Serrano You Have New Connections. Uses of Social Media among Children, Teenagers, and Young Adults in Spain 203 Jordi Sánchez-Navarro, Daniel Aranda Juárez & Silvia Martínez Martínez Digital Play and the Internet as ludic ecosystems. The hierarchy of media for entertainment and emergent literacies 215 M. Amor Pérez-Rodríguez & Paloma Contreras-Pulido Media Competence in Primary and Secondary School Education in Spain 223 Media Education: Public Policies, Curricular Proposals and Teacher Training J. Ignacio Aguaded & Águeda Delgado European Policies for Media Education and Competence 231 José Manuel Pérez Tornero & Mireia Pi Spain: 3 Key Aspects of Media Education in the Context of a Recession 239 An Overview of Practices in Spain Rosa García-Ruiz & Vicent Gozálvez Pérez Media Literacy in Spain. A Brief Panorama and a Good Practices Proposal 251 Joan Ferrés Prats, Maria-Jose Masanet & Saúl Blanco Media Education as a Failing 257 Irene Melgarejo-Moreno & Maria M Rodríguez-Rosell Methods for the Use of Radio in Pre-schools and Primary Schools as an Inroad Towards Media Literacy 263 Alejandro Buitrago Alonso, Eva Navarro Martínez & Agustín García Matilla Communication, Education and Society in a Digital Context. A Pioneering Experience of Media Literacy at the Spanish University 269 The Authors 277 Preface The anthology Agents and Voices: a Panorama of Media Education in Brazil, Portugal and Spain aims to contribute to strengthening international networks, the visibility of current research, and the exchange of experience regarding strategies and challenges, while promoting the field in each context. Agents and Voices is the English version of the 2014 yearbook Agentes e Vozes: Um Panorama da Mídia-Educação no Brasil, Portugal e Espanha, published in Portuguese and Spanish by the International Clearinghouse on Children, Youth and Media at Nordicom, University of Gothenburg. It is important to note that Agentes e Vozes was the first time the Clearing- house had organized a publication in the languages of its authors, Portuguese and Spanish, the official languages of more than 30 countries in Latin America, Africa and Europe. This has long been a wish of the Clearinghouse. By publishing the book in English as well, we aim to facilitate the spread of information and the partnership among countries, reaching an even wider, intercontinental audience of interlocutors. Göteborg, August 2015 Ilana Eleá Scientific Coordinator The International Clearinghouse on Children, Youth and Media Nordicom, University of Gothenburg 9 Introduction Ilana Eleá The anthology “Agents and voices: