DOCSLIB.ORG

Present Status of Water Quality of Ulhas River Estuary, Vasai Coastal Area, Thane, Maharashtra, India

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Present Status of Water Quality of Ulhas River Estuary, Vasai Coastal Area, Thane, Maharashtra, India Available online at www.ijpab.com ISSN: 2320 – 7051 Int. J. Pure App. Biosci. 2 (1): 209-212 (2014) Research Article International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience Present Status of Water Quality of Ulhas River Estuary, Vasai Coastal Area, Thane, Maharashtra, India Devdatta Lad 1* and Shashikant Patil 2,3 1Department of Zoology, Wilson College, Chowpatty, Mumbai - 400 007 2Department of Zoology, Mithibai College of Arts, Chauhan Institute of Science 3Amrutben Jivanlal College of Commerce and Economics, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai 400 056 *Corresponding Author E-mail: [email protected] ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT The present research work has been carried out to estimate the various Physico – chemical (hydrology) of the Ulhas river estuary along the Vasai coastal area of the Thane district. The hydrological studies were carried out at two stations viz. Bhayander and Naigaon jetty on monthly basis from June 2008 to May 2009. The present research study reveals that parameters like Temperature, Salinity, Conductivity, Total Hardness, Phosphate, Nitrates and Sulphates are in high concentration during the premonsoon period at both the stations. Turbidity and Total Suspended Solids has been found to be in higher concentration at both the station during the Monsoon period. Silicates concentration is found to be relatively high during the Monsoon period which may indicate presence of dinoflagellates. Presence of extremely high concentration of Phosphate and Nitrates is peculiarity of both the stations, may be due to release of high amount of untreated sewage. This study reveals that the water of Ulhas river estuary is proceeding towards deteriorating condition and the main causes may be release of industrial effluents, solid waste dumping, reclamation, construction activity and sand dredging. Keywords: Salinity, COD, BOD, Turbidity, Sulphate, Vasai Coastal Area. ____________________________________________________________________________________ INTRODUCTION India has a long coastline of over 8000 Km with associated continental shelf of 0.5 million Km 2 and an Exclusive Economic Zone of 2.04 Χ 10 6 Km 2. India is one among 12 mega biodiversity countries and 25 hotspots of the richest and highly endangered eco-regions of the world. Among the Asian countries, India is perhaps the only one that has a long mangroves, backwaters, salt marshes, rocky coasts, sandy stretches and coral reefs, which are characterized by unique biotic and abiotic properties and processes 1. Estuary is an integral part of the coastal environment. It is the outfall region of the river, making the transitional zone between the fluvial and marine environs. Estuaries have been the focal point of the maritime studies and activities. As they are semi-enclosed they provide natural harbour for trade and commerce. They are also effective nutrient traps and provide a vital source of natural resources to man and are used for commercial, industrial and recreational purposes. Biodiversity in this ecosystem is very impressive. They are the best settling places for clams and oysters. They also act as nursery ground for a variety of shrimps and finfishes. Estuaries are in a state of constant flux. Such a dynamic environment provides many ecological niches for diverse biota 2. The health status and the biological diversity of the Indian estuarine ecosystem are deteriorating day by day through man-made activities and dumping of enormous quantities of sewage into the estuary has drastically reduced the population of the fishes. It has also caused considerable ecological imbalance and resulted in large-scale disappearance of their flora and fauna. Further, introduction of untreated municipal waste-water and industrial effluents into these water bodies leads to serious water pollution including heavy metal pollution, which gets biomagnified and reaches man through food-chain implications 3. www.ijpab.com 209 Devdatta Lad et al Int. J. Pure App. Biosci. 2 (1): 209-212 (2014) ISSN: 2320 – 7051 Today good quality of water has become a very rare commodity and the ecotoxicological investigations of the aquatic ecosystems have now emerged as an important aspect of our social life. Hydrological investigations help us to understand the environmental conditions of the aquatic ecosystem 4. Surface waters such as rivers, lakes and estuaries often serve as disposal systems for wastes coming from residential areas, industries, and manufacturing plants 5. Elevated levels of organic wastes from these sources cause increased oxygen demand due to the contaminants increase in biological decomposition. The consequence of increased degradative processes is the consumption of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and production of ammonia from the decomposition of organic nitrogen compounds leading to impaired metabolism in fish and invertebrate communities 6. The present study deals with the various hydrological parameters and water quality of the Ulhas river estuary along the Vasai coastal area of the Thane district. MATERIAL AND METHODS The hydrological studies were carried out at two stations viz. Bhayander and Naigaon jetty on monthly basis from June 2008 to May 2009 which is divided into 3 seasons as Monsoon – June to September, Post Monsoon – October to January and Pre Monsoon – February to May. Surface water samples were collected every month during full tide and following parameters were analyzed using methods as per APHA, AWWA, WPCF 7,8 . S. No. Parameters analyzed Method 1 Temperature oC Alcohol Thermometer 2 pH Systronic pH meter 3 Turbidity NTU Nephelometer 4 Salinity gm/L Argentometric 5 BOD mg/L Winkler’s iodometric 6 Conductivity mS/cm Conductivity meter 7 COD mg/L Potassium dichromate 8 Total Hardness g/L EDTA Titrimetric method 9 Phosphate mg/L Stannous Chloride 10 Nitrates mg/L Phenol disulfonic acid 11 Silicates mg/L Molybdosilicates 12 Total Suspended Solid mg/L Evaporation/ Oven 13 Sulphate mg/L Turbidimetric method RESULTS Table 1 Hydrological results of Station No.1 Bhayander S. No. Parameters analyzed Monsoon Post Monsoon Pre Monsoon 1 Temperature oC 30.25 ± 1.25 31.5 ± 2.51 33.5 ± 1.91 2 pH 7.23 ± 0.48 7.9 ± 0.28 7.66 ± 0.25 3 Turbidity NTU 15.63 ± 1.5 4.92 ± 3.94 2.57 ± 0.22 4 Salinity gm/L 20.23 ± 12.69 33.44 ± 4.27 52.17 ± 1.97 5 BOD mg/L 10.97 ± 14.24 8.37 ± 1.39 5.12 ± 4.52 6 Conductivity mS/cm 26.8 ± 13.93 43.08 ± 3.31 47.05 ± 1.76 7 COD mg/L 20.5 ± 21.33 49.25 ± 51.73 40 ± 15.6 8 Total Hardness g/L 0.77 ± 0.85 6.87 ± 1.06 6.87 ± 1.38 9 Phosphate mg/L 1.27 ± 0.68 0.52 ± 0.26 1.38 ± 0.36 10 Nitrates mg/L 0.81 ± 0.37 1.58 ± 0.82 3.74 ± 1.12 11 Silicates mg/L 102.2 ± 37.88 44.25 ± 19.82 45.75 ± 15.78 12 Total Suspended Solid mg/L 15.75 ± 1.23 6.01 ± 3.81 3.68 ± 0.25 13 Sulphate mg/L 58.53 ± 39.66 125.9 ± 15.31 148 ± 26.21 www.ijpab.com 210 Devdatta Lad et al Int. J. Pure App. Biosci. 2 (1): 209-212 (2014) ISSN: 2320 – 7051 Table 2 Hydrological results of Station No.2 Naigaon jetty S. No. Parameters analyzed Monsoon Post Monsoon Pre Monsoon 1 Temperature oC 30.38 ± 1.60 31.5 ± 1.91 34 ± 1.15 2 pH 7.48 ± 0.25 8.16 ± 0.17 7.97 ± 0.36 3 Turbidity NTU 17.32 ± 3.78 6.87 ± 4.52 2.5 ± 0.21 4 Salinity gm/L 22.53 ± 9.56 36.51 ± 6.84 46.59 ± 1.90 5 BOD mg/L 6.02 ± 6.24 9 ± 2.19 5.34 ± 5.11 6 Conductivity mS/cm 32.72 ± 9.49 45.04 ± 2.26 48.96 ± 1.68 7 COD mg/L 18 ± 14.4 52.75 ± 46.25 55.25 ± 6.02 8 Total Hardness g/L 0.97 ± 1.01 7.75 ± 3.55 8.02 ± 0.68 9 Phosphate mg/L 1.11 ± 0.69 0.44 ± 0.19 1.49 ± 0.26 10 Nitrates mg/L 1.09 ± 0.69 1.34 ± 0.76 3.12 ± 0.56 11 Silicates mg/L 97.5 ± 45.38 55.5 ± 23.07 56 ± 19.97 12 Total Suspended Solid mg/L 17.06 ± 3.01 7.95 ± 4.13 3.59 ± 0.25 13 Sulphate mg/L 62.56 ± 32.34 123.3 ± 13.95 157.3 ± 7.84 All the values of results are represented as Mean ± S.D. The entire statistical calculations are done using statistical software Primer of Biostatistics version 6.0. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Present study reveals that parameters like Temperature, Salinity, Conductivity, Total Hardness, Phosphate, Nitrates and Sulphates are exhibiting high concentration during the Premonsoon period at both the stations, 33.5 and 34 oC, 52.17 and 46.59 gm/L, 47.05 and 48.96 mS/cm, 6.87 and 8.02 g/L, 1.38 and 1.49 mg/L, 3.74 and 3.12 mg/L, 148 and 157.3 mg/L respectively. (Table 1 and 2) Turbidity and Total Suspended Solids has been found to be too high at both the station during the Monsoon period, 15.75 and 17.06 mg/L respectively. (Table 1 and 2) This may be because of the sediment particles brought by the flowing water during rains. Similarly Silicates concentration is found to be relatively high during the Monsoon period, 102.2 and 97.5 mg/L which may indicate the dominance of dinoflagellates in the coastal area. As far as COD and BOD is concerned where COD is a measure of organic compounds in water while BOD is a measure of dissolved oxygen required by aerobic biological organisms in water to break down organic material, both COD and BOD has a varying concentration in different seasons, this situation may have been arise because of the water body at both the station is being used as a dumping ground for religious refuge.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Physico-Chemical Assessment of Waldhuni River Ulhasnagar (Thane, India): a Case Study D.S
    ISSN: 2347-3215 Volume 3 Number 4 (April-2015) pp. 234-248 www.ijcrar.com Physico-chemical assessment of Waldhuni River Ulhasnagar (Thane, India): A case study D.S. Pardeshi and ShardaVaidya* SMT. C H M College Ulhasnagar (Thane), India *Corresponding author KEYWORDS A B S T R A C T Physico-chemical The contamination of rivers,streams, lakes and underground water by assessment, chemical substances which are harmful to living beings is regarded as water water body, pollution.The physico-chemical parameters of the water body are affected by Temperature, its pollution. The changes in these parameters indicate the quality of water. pH, Dissolved Hence such parameters of WaldhuniRiver were studied and analyzed for a Oxygen (DO), period of two years during May2010to April2012. The analysis was done for Biological Oxygen the parameters such as Temperature, pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biological Demand (BOD), Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Carbon dioxide, Chemical Oxygen Total Hardness, Calcium, Magnesium, T S, TDS, &TSS. The results are Demand (COD) indicated in the present paper. Introduction The Waldhuni River is a small River requirement of water is increased. Good originating at Kakola hills, Kakola Lake quality of water with high Dissolved near Ambernath and unites with Ulhas River oxygen, low BOD and COD, minimum salts near Kalyan. Its total length is 31.8km. The dissolved in it is required for living beings. river is so much polluted that it is now The quality of water is dependent on referred to as Waldhuni Nallah. It flows physical, chemical and biological through thickly populated area of parameters (Jena et al, 2013).Rapid release Ambernath, Ulhasnagar and Vithalwadi and of municipal and industrial sewage severely is severely polluted due to domestic and decreases aquatic environment.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 3 Banking Development: India, Maharashtra and Thane 3. Introduction: 54 3.1 Urban Cooperative Banks (UCB) 56 3.2 Brief H
    Chapter 3 Banking Development: India, Maharashtra and Thane 3. Introduction: 54 3.1 Urban Cooperative Banks (UCB) 56 3.2 Brief History of Urban Cooperative Banks in India 58 3.2.1 The Beginning 59 3.2.2 Genesis and Architecture of Urban Cooperative Banks 61 3.2.3 Phase I (1904-1966): = 61 3.2.4 Phase II (1966-93) 64 3.2.5 Phase III: Post 1993 - Scenario: 68 3.3 Structure, Growth and Significance of Cooperatives 72 3.4 Urban Cooperative Banks (Urban Cooperative Banks) & Their Role in Indian Banking 73 3.5 Review of Thane district of Maharashtra 75 3.6 Cooperative movement in Maharashtra with special reference to Thane District: 94 3.7 Development of Banking system in India with Special Reference to Public Sector Banks 150 3.8 Summary: 168 Chapter 3 Banking Development: India, Mahiaraslitra and Thane 3. Introduction: Origin of cooperative thought in hidia is very old. In ancient times, there were cooperative institutions lilce Gramsabha and Jatti. In India the movement was formalised in 1904 with introduction of Cooperative Societies Act, 1904. The main objectives of the act were limited to Primary Agricultural Cooperative Societies (PACs) only: • To provide for the constitution an>u control of cooperative credit societies by enactment specially adopted to their organization and aims. • To confer special statutory privileges and concessions upon them with a view to encouraging their formation and assisting their operation and, • To ensure that they will be cooperatives in names as well as in spirit . 'Cooperation' is worldwide nio\ement: it was introduced in India in llie early years of last century in the wake of famines which had resulted in economic hardship and alarming increase in the indebtedness of the farmers to the moneylenders.
    [Show full text]
  • Mumbai-Marooned.Pdf
    Glossary AAI Airports Authority of India IFEJ International Federation of ACS Additional Chief Secretary Environmental Journalists AGNI Action for good Governance and IITM Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology Networking in India ILS Instrument Landing System AIR All India Radio IMD Indian Meteorological Department ALM Advanced Locality Management ISRO Indian Space Research Organisation ANM Auxiliary Nurse/Midwife KEM King Edward Memorial Hospital BCS Bombay Catholic Sabha MCGM/B Municipal Council of Greater Mumbai/ BEST Brihan Mumbai Electric Supply & Bombay Transport Undertaking. MCMT Mohalla Committee Movement Trust. BEAG Bombay Environmental Action Group MDMC Mumbai Disaster Management Committee BJP Bharatiya Janata Party MDMP Mumbai Disaster Management Plan BKC Bandra Kurla Complex. MoEF Ministry of Environment and Forests BMC Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation MHADA Maharashtra Housing and Area BNHS Bombay Natural History Society Development Authority BRIMSTOSWAD BrihanMumbai Storm MLA Member of Legislative Assembly Water Drain Project MMR Mumbai Metropolitan Region BWSL Bandra Worli Sea Link MMRDA Mumbai Metropolitan Region CAT Conservation Action Trust Development Authority CBD Central Business District. MbPT Mumbai Port Trust CBO Community Based Organizations MTNL Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Ltd. CCC Concerned Citizens’ Commission MSDP Mumbai Sewerage Disposal Project CEHAT Centre for Enquiry into Health and MSEB Maharashtra State Electricity Board Allied Themes MSRDC Maharashtra State Road Development CG Coast Guard Corporation
    [Show full text]
  • MUMBA Fact Sheet
    HYATT REGENCY MUMBAI Sahar airport Road Mumbai India 400 099 T +91 22 6696 1234 F +91 22 6696 1235 [email protected] mumbai.regency.hyatt.com ACCOMMODATIONS RESTAURANTS AND BARS • 401 tastefully appointed rooms including 97 Regency Club Rooms and 20 suites • STAX — An award winning specialty restaurant with an interactive show ranging from 38 square meters to 205 square meters kitchen offering traditional Italian fare , extensive wine list and the city’s most • The Regency Club Lounge is located on the first floor, overlooking the azure delicious Tiramisu blue pool. Exclusive access for our guests staying in Regency ClubTM rooms and • Glasshouse — All day dining restaurant offering International flavors and local suites, where they can unwind or network with complimentary access to the favorites. Features an interactive open kitchen that invites diners to enjoy culinary boardroom. The lounge also serves breakfast, evening cocktails and hors d’oeuvres theatrics. The restaurant offers buffet breakfast, lunch and dinner and an a la carte menu All Accommodations Offer: • The Bar — contemporarily designed, it offers both a bar as well as a lounge ideal for • Complimentary Wi-Fi intimate get-togethers. The bar serves a connoisseur’s selection of aged single malt whiskies and other liquors, wines, beers and cocktails • Flexible workstation with data port • The Bakery — Offers freshly bakes breads, handcrafted chocolates, a selection of the • 32” LCD television and satellite channels Pastry Chef’s favorite pastries and tarts along with
    [Show full text]
  • Durable Housing Alternative for Dharavi
    2018 Durable housing alternative for Dharavi Imre Lokhorst and Floriaan Troost V6 Isendoorn College 20-12-2018 Page of content Summary 4 Introduction 5 Aim 6 Sub-aims 6 Hypothesis 6 List of requirements 7 Theory 8 Geographical context 8 Location 8 Population 8 Climate 9 Flooding risks 12 The effect of the climate on the houses in Dharavi 13 Economic situation 14 Social situation 15 Employment opportunities 15 Education 15 Education in Dharavi 16 Cultural situation 17 Language 17 Religion 17 Historical context Mumbai 18 History of Mumbai 18 Slum development in general 18 History of the developments in Dharavi 19 Political situation 20 FSI 21 Expensive ground 22 Political parties and Dharavi 22 The thoughts of Mumbai’s inhabitants about Dharavi 22 Current houses in Dharavi 23 Current living conditions in Dharavi 24 Theory of the design 25 Construction 25 1 Materials 25 Design 27 30 Foundation 32 Materials 32 Design 33 Walls 34 Materials 34 Design 36 Roof 40 Materials 40 Design 41 Water system 42 Materials 42 Design 42 Floors 43 Materials 43 Design 43 How we improve the living conditions with our design 43 Possible organizations we could approach 44 Financial plan 45 Costs 45 Experimental section 46 Materials and equipment’s 46 Materials for the construction 46 Materials for the foundation 46 Materials for the walls 47 Materials for the roof 47 Method 47 Method for the construction 47 Method for the foundation 58 Method for the walls 60 Method for the roof 60 Results 62 Observations 62 Construction 62 2 Numbers 65 Construction 65 Foundation 66 Roof 70 Conclusion 72 Answer to the main research question 72 Answers to the sub questions 72 The design 73 Discussion 73 Hypotheses-check 74 Did we meet the requirements 74 Estimation of magnitude of the errors 74 Continuation research 75 References 75 3 Summary This research paper is about a durable housing alternative for the slums in Dharavi.
    [Show full text]
  • THANE – an Emerging Megapolis | February 2018 1 Thane: an Overview
    In association with THANE An Emerging Megapolis February 2018 Ajay Ashar Sachin Mirani President Hon. Secretary MCHI Management MCHI Management Thane has become a promising city. It has The several cultural inclinations are been rightly observed how the city has spectacularly highlighting the vibrant culture developed an all-around connectivity within. in Thane. With its associations in organizing The RTO office to the court, the passport office the Mega Dandiya Raas, MCHI has added to other bureaucratic centres - everything is credibility in the name of the city of Thane. This incorporated in this city of Thane. The availability White Paper demonstrates of what the beautiful of these administrative offices with close proximity, city of Thane is being turned into. promises comfortable and stress-free procedures The city comprises a large number of educational of every significant credentials. institutes with a promise of close proximal The building infrastructural projects in Thane are distance. The high number of vibrant cultural making the city that does not compromise on hubs to expansive green cover of Yeoor hills, an ease. The Metro project, Kopri railway station, affordable price point adds to a futuristic infra widening of Pokhran road 1 and 2, and the developed culturally aesthetic city. Mumbai-Nagpur Expressway are a few to be named. Thane is becoming a synonym with an upcoming major metropolitan with well framed wide roads, brightly lit up evenings, close proximity and quick accessibility to every important centre. I would like to thank Prashant for endorsing our viewpoints with the data that he has compiled through his research.
    [Show full text]
  • Live with Pride, Livein Harmony
    A project by Harmony Lifestyles Group Call: +91 22 2598 0808 /2597 4055 / 2293 | Mobile: +91 9833 60 8570 Live with Pride, Live in Harmony Project approved by leading Banks & Financial Institutions Disclaimer: This brochure is merely conceptual & is not a legal document. It can not be treated as a part of final purchase agreement. All dimensions are approximate & subject to construction variances. Interior designing used in the unit plan & images are only for representation purpose. The developer reserves sole rights to amend architectural specifications during development stages. LUXURY IS IN EACH DETAIL ­ HUBERT DE GIVENCHY LIVE WITH PRIDE LIVE IN HARMONY Harmony Residences­ where the aroma of freshness tell tales of a jubilant, fun­holic Live Community. This luxurious paradise is a magnificent fusion of nature surrounding of Yeoor Hills & Ulhas River with contemporary design and architecture. Capture the moment with your family in those beautiful evening watching the sun go downhill or savour a brisk walk through the green landscape. All approvals in place. Construction in full swing. PRESENTING Limited Edition specially designed only 46 Premium Luxurious Boutique Sky Suites & Elite Duplexes Each suit at Harmony Sky Suites has been Conceptualized, Planned & Designed with a commitment to deliver a superlative living experience. The unending living spaces are design for absolutely rare class of individuals. Designer Lobby with Cozy Rich Interior We don’t just build homes, we build holistic lifestyles Air­conditioned Grand Entrance Lobby
    [Show full text]
  • Flooding Mumbai
    Draft Report Identification of flood risk on urban road network using Hydrodynamic Model Case study of Mumbai floods Author Mr. Prasoon Singh Ms Ayushi Vijhani Reviewer(s) Dr Vinay S P Sinha Ms Neha Pahuja Ms Suruchi Bhadwal Dr M S Madhusoodanan Identification of flood risk on urban road network using Hydrodynamic Model Case study of Mumbai floods © The Energy and Resources Institute 2016 Suggested format for citation T E R I. 2016 Identification of flood risk on urban road network using Hydrodynamic Model Case study of Mumbai floods New Delhi: The Energy and Resources Institute. 105 pp. [Project Report No. ________________] For more information Project Monitoring Cell T E R I Tel. 2468 2100 or 2468 2111 Darbari Seth Block E-mail [email protected] IHC Complex, Lodhi Road Fax 2468 2144 or 2468 2145 New Delhi – 110 003 Web www.teriin.org India India +91 • Delhi (0)11 ii 4 Table of Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 8 Objectives ............................................................................................................................................... 9 Literature Review .................................................................................................................................. 10 Mumbai District Profile ........................................................................................................................ 11 Geography ........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • 19. Final-Sitewise Mercury Level- Final Reference Checked
    J.S Menon and OurS.V. Nature Mahajan (2010) / Our 8:170-179 Nature (2010) 8: 170-179 Site-wise Mercury Levels in Ulhas River Estuary and Thane Creek near Mumbai, India and its Relation to Water Parameters * J.S. Menon and S.V. Mahajan B.N. Bandodkar College of Science, Chendani-Koliwada, Thane (West), Mumbai-400601, India *E-mail: [email protected] Received: 11.06.2010, Accepted: 20.10.2010 Abstract Ulhas river estuary (73°14 ′E, 19°14 ′N to 72°54 ′E, 19°17 ′N) and Thane creek (72°55 ′E, 19°N to 73°E, 19°15 ′N) near Mumbai, India are highly polluted owing to the heavy load of industrial pollutants and sewage discharge. The traditional fisher-folk living along the banks of Ulhas river estuary and Thane Creek rely on these contaminated fish for their daily sustenance, thereby being exposed to heavy mercury pollution for several years. However, little attention has been given to the levels of mercury in water, its intake and exposure to those populations. In the present study, mercury levels in the waters of Ulhas river estuary and Thane creek has been analysed and its relation with other physico- chemical parameters have been studied. Mercury level was maximum in Wehele station and Alimgarh station with an average of 8.57 ng/ml and minimum at Diwe-Kewni station with 2.6 ng/ml. Vittawa and Airoli stations along Thane creek showed moderate levels with an average of 5.71 ng/ml. The reference site, Khadavli had Hg below the level of detection in the water samples.
    [Show full text]
  • Study of People's Participation in Conservation of a Natural Resource
    STUDY OF PEOPLE’S PARTICIPATION IN CONSERVATION OF A NATURAL RESOURCE INTERIM PROJECT REPORT UNDER DST-NCSTC WASH PROGRAMME Image Courtesy: Mumbai Hikers Source: google.com WaSH Fellow Name: Renuka S. Kulkarni Supervisor : Shruti Barve Study of people’s participation in conservation of a natural resource Wash Fellow name: Renuka S. Kulkarni Email Id: [email protected] Supervisor: Shruti Barve Email Id: [email protected] Project Start Date: 1 March 2017 Project Site: Map showing location of Ulhas river Source: Google Maps 2017 ULHAS RIVER Maharashtra, India Fig. 1 The Ulhas River originates from Tungarli Lake in Rajmachi, Lonavala in Maharashtra and meets the Arabian sea near Mumbai. The total length of the river is approximately 122 kms .The Ulhas basin lies between North latitudes of 18° 44′ to 19° 42′ and East longitudes of 72° 45′ to 73° 48′. The river has the following tributaries: Pej ,Barvi, Bhivapuri, Murbari, Kalu, Bhasta, Poshir & Shilar Kalu and Bhatsa are the major tributaries which together accounts for 55.7% of the total catchment area of Ulhas River. The river drains an area of about 4,637 km2 which lies completely in Thane, Raigad and Pune districts in the Indian state of Maharashtra. Also, it completely comes under MMRDA (Mumbai Metropolitan Regional Development Authority). The river flows from South-East to North-West. The river majorly flows through Sahyadri Hill Range from its origin and through heavily urbanised areas at its mouth. It forms two major creeks before meeting Arabian Sea viz. Thane creek and Vasai Creek. Renuka Kulkarni I 1 Study of people’s participation in conservation of a natural resource Project Summary: Rivers is an important natural resource.
    [Show full text]
  • A Comparative Study on Estimation of Peak Flood Discharge Using MOM and LMO Estimators of Probability Distributions
    International Journal of Emerging Engineering Research and Technology Volume 7, Issue 4, 2019, PP 4-10 ISSN 2349-4395 (Print) & ISSN 2349-4409 (Online) A Comparative Study on Estimation of Peak Flood Discharge using MOM and LMO Estimators of Probability Distributions R. S. Bharadwaj1*, (Mrs.) A. D. Thube2, N. Vivekanandan3, C. Srishailam4 1M.Tech. Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra, India 2Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra, India 3Scientist-B, Central Water and Power Research Station, Pune, Maharashtra, India 4Scientist-C, Central Water and Power Research Station, Pune, Maharashtra, India *Corresponding Author: R. S. Bharadwaj, M.Tech. Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra, India, E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Estimation of Peak Flood Discharge (PFD) for a particular return period is carried out by fitting Probability Distribution (PD) to the observed discharge data to arrive at a design value for designing civil and hydraulic structures. This paper illustrates the adoption of Exponential, Extreme Value Type-1 (EV1), Extreme Value Type-2, Generalized Extreme Value and Normal PDs for estimation of PFD at Badlapur GD site, Maharashtra. Parameters of the five PDs are determined by method of moments and L-Moments (LMO), and used for estimation of PFD. The adequacy of fitting of PDs is evaluated by Goodness-of-Fit tests viz., Chi-Square and Kolmogorov-Smirnov; and diagnostic tests viz., Mean Absolute Percentage Error and D-Index. The outcomes of the GoF and diagnostic tests results indicated that the EV1 (using LMO) distribution is better suited PD for estimation of PFD at Badlapur.
    [Show full text]
  • Listing & Grading of Urban Areas of Thane District Adarkar Associates 1
    Listing & Grading Of Urban Areas of Thane District Adarkar Associates 1 Listing and Grading of Heritage Buildings and Precincts in URBAN AREAS of Thane District CONTENTS SECTION 1 Page 3 1.0 Project: Task I: Heritage Listing and Grading in Urban areas in Thane District 1.1 Project Objective 1.2 Scope of work 1.3 Output of Project 1.4 Context of project 2.0 History of Thane District in Context SECTION 2 Page 10 3.0 Stage wise Methodology for Listing and Grading 3.1 Background Research and procuring initial Data 3.2 Field work 3.3 Inventorisation and Assessment 3.4 Assigning Heritage Values and Final Selection of sites 4.0 Grading Criteria: General and Specific to the Project 4.1 General criteria for Grading 4.2 Grading of the Listed sites in the Project 5.0 Protection and Interventions Criteria: General and Specific to the Project 5.1 General Criteria for Interventions 5.2 Guidelines and strategy for Protection and Interventions in the Project SECTION 3 Page 19 6.0 Final Documentation 6.1 Tehsil wise maps and Final Listing and Grading documentation in tabular format 6.2 Bar Charts and Summary tables: Tehsil wise, Grade wise, Typology wise, Ownership wise Annextures 1 : Note on the history of conservation guidelines in India Annextures 2 : Categories of Value Classification Annextures 3 : Sample format for web site Listing & Grading Of Urban Areas of Thane District Adarkar Associates 2 SECTION 1 1.0 Project: Task I: Listing and Grading of Heritage Buildings and Precincts in URBAN AREAS of Thane District Tehsils Under Task 1: Municipal Areas of : DOMBIVALI, ULHASNAGAR, MIRA-BHAYANDAR, BHIVANDI-NIZAMPUR, NAVI-MUMBAI, AMBARNATH, KULGAON-BADLAPUR 1.1 Project Objective The objective of this assignment is to develop a comprehensive and accurate inventory of buildings / structures / sites and precincts of heritage significance in the project areas of THANE DISTRICT in MMR.
    [Show full text]