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Cambridge University Press 0521651816 - The Galaxies of the Local Group Sidney Van Den Bergh Index More information Object Index 30 Doradus, 49, 88, 99, 100, 101, 108, 110, 112–116, DDO 155, 263 121, 124, 131, 134, 135, 139 DDO 187, 263, 279 47 Tucanae, see NGC 104 DDO 210, 5, 7, 194–195, 280, 288 287.5 + 22.5 + 240, 139, 161 DDO 216, 5, 6, 7, 174, 192–194, 280 AE And, 37 DDO 221, 174, 188–191, 280 AF And, see M31 V 19 DEM 71, 132 Alpha UMi, see Polaris DEM L316, 133 AM 1013-394A, 270, 272 Draco dwarf, 5, 58, 137, 185, 231, 249–252, 256, 259, And I, 5, 234, 235, 236, 237, 242, 280 262, 280 And II, 5, 7, 234, 236, 237, 238, 240, 242, 280 And III, 5, 234, 236, 237, 238, 240, 242, 280 EGB 0419 + 72, 270 And IV, 234 EGB 0427 + 63, see UGC-A92 And V, 5, 7, 237–240, 242, 280 Eridanus, 58, 64, 229 And VI, 5, 7, 240, 241, 242, 280 ESO 121-SC03, 103, 104, 124, 125, 161, 162 And VII, 5, 7, 241, 242, 280 ESO 249-010, 264 Andromeda galaxy, see M31 ESO 439-26, 55 Antlia dwarf, 265–267, 270, 272 Eta Carinae, 37 Aquarius dwarf, see DDO 210 AqrDIG, see DDO 210 F8D1, 2 Arches cluster, see G0.121+0.017 Fornax clusters 1–6, 222, 223, 224 Arp 2, 58, 64, 161, 226, 227, 228, 230, 232 Fornax dwarf 5, 94, 167, 219–226, 231, 256, 259, 260, Arp 220, 113 262, 280 B 327, 24 G 1, 27, 32, 34, 35, 45 BD +40◦ 147, 164 G 105, 35 BD +40◦ 148, 12 G 185, 31 Berkeley 17, 54 G 219, 27, 32 Berkeley 21, 56 G 280, 32 G0.7-0.0, see Sgr B2 C1,20 G0.121 + 0.017, 48 C 107, see vdB0 G1.1-0.1, 49 Camelopardalis dwarf, 241, 242 G359.87 + 0.18, 67 Carina dwarf, 5, 245–247, 256, 259, 278, 280 Galaxy, 5, 6, 32, 33, 34, 36, 39, 42, 43, 45, 46–71, 76, Cassiopeia 1, 263, 272 79, 117, 136, 149, 167, 179, 220, 232, 242, 244, Cassiopeia A, 131, 160 260, 273, 276, 277, 280, 284, 285, 288, 289, 290 Cassiopeia dwarf, see And VII GR 8, see DDO 155 Centaurus A, see NGC 5128 Complex C, 273 HD 5980, 151, 152 Constellations I–IX, 108, 109, 124, 131 HD 17072, 97 Crab nebula, 132 HDE 269582, 124 CS 22893-052, 54 HDE 269599, 124 Cygnus Loop, 132 He 2-436, 231 Hodge 11, 104, 106 DDO 69, 5, 202–204, 280, 290 Hubble 282, see G280 DDO 70, see Sextans B HV 829, 143 DDO 75, see Sextans A HV 837, 150 325 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521651816 - The Galaxies of the Local Group Sidney Van Den Bergh Index More information 326 Object Index HV 883, 118 M 33, 5, 6, 7, 20, 23, 29, 38, 72–91, 106, 139, 140, HV 905, 96, 100 170, 172, 176, 178, 179, 190, 191, 198, 236, 274, HV 966, 123 275, 280, 284, 290 HV 1157, 150 M33C39,82 HV 2274, 99 M 33 S 135, 82 HV 5637, 123 M 33 X-7, 90 HV 5756, 119 M 33 X-8, 76 HV 12842, 123 M 54, 226, 227, 228, 230 M 81, 57, 83, 91, 273 IC 10, 2, 5, 6, 174, 177–181, 190, 280 M 82, 273 IC 10 No. 113, 181 M 83, 79 IC 342, 2, 263, 271, 277, 279 M 87, 163, 165 IC 443, 132 M 92, 32, 54, 223, 251, 257 IC 1613, 4, 5, 6, 7, 126, 180–187, 189, 190, 191, 194, Maffei 1, 263, 271, 279 280, 282 Maffei 2, 279 IC 1613 V39, 183, 187 Magellanic Bridge, 138, 162, 273, 291 IC 1613 Sandage 3, 8, 186 Magellanic Stream, 137, 138, 139, 140, 248, 273, 291 see IC 4499, 58, 64 Mayall II, G1 see IC 5152, 2, 264, 272, 279 Mayall IV, G 219 Milky Way, see Galaxy K 58, 34 Mu Leonis, 51, 53, 55, 71 K 280, 34 N Aquilae 1918, 39 K 648, 68 NGC 45, 264 KMK 80, 130 NGC 55, 263, 264, 272 NGC 59, 264 Large Magellanic Cloud, 5, 6, 21, 22, 39, 41, 79, 81, NGC 104, 26, 52, 82, 146, 231 82, 84, 91–141, 142, 150, 155, 160, 161, 162, 179, NGC 121, 115, 143, 144, 145, 149, 154, 155, 162 182, 183, 186, 190, 191, 215, 218, 277, 278, 280, NGC 147, 5, 6, 205, 210, 213–218, 234, 260, 280, 290 284, 290, 291 NGC 147:I, 216 LMC 4, 109, 136, 139 NGC 147:III, 216 LMC N 49, 131, 132, 137 NGC 152, 154 LMC N 63A, 131, 132 NGC 185, 5, 6, 167, 205, 209–218, 234, 236, 260, LMC N 113, 128 280, 283, 290 LMC N 132D, 131, 160 NGC 185:III, 212 LMC N 157B, 133 NGC 185:IV, 212 LMC novae 1926–1997, 101, 120, 122 NGC 185:V, 212 LMC SL 663, 103, 125 NGC 205, 5, 6, 29, 167, 205–209, 213, 236, 260, 280, see Leo A, DDO 69 283, 284, 290 Leo I, 5, 234, 243–245, 256, 259, 260, 262, 277, 280, NGC 205:III, 207, 208 288, 290 NGC 205:V, 207, 208 Leo II, 5, 234, 235, 253–256, 259, 262, 280 NGC 206, 20, 36 LGS 1, 198 NGC 221, see M32 LGS 2, 198, 263 NGC 224, see M31 LGS 3, 5, 7, 195, 196, 198–199, 203, 260, 280 NGC 247, 264 LMC, see Large Magellanic Cloud NGC 253, 264 NGC 300, 264 M 5, 26, 32 NGC 330, 148 M 15, 68, 82 NGC 339, 155 M 31, 5, 6, 7, 9–45, 49, 61, 69, 74, 76, 82, 88, 91, NGC 404, 279 92, 27, 140, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 170, 172, NGC 411, 154 176, 178, 179, 181, 190, 191, 192, 205, 210, NGC 416, 149 236, 242, 244, 260, 274, 275, 276, 277, 280, NGC 592, 89 284, 285, 288, 289 NGC 598, see M33 M 31-290, 42 NGC 604, 73, 86, 88, 89, 174 M 31-372, 42 NGC 891, 46 M 31 V 15, 37 NGC 1049, 222 M 31 V 19, 37 NGC 1399, 15 M 31 V 40, 20 NGC 1466, 97, 104, 106, 115, 119 M31VA1,37 NGC 1560, 263, 272 M 32, 5, 6, 17, 19, 76, 163–169, 205, 213, 280, NGC 1569, 178, 263, 272 283, 291 NGC 1754, 104, 106, 107 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521651816 - The Galaxies of the Local Group Sidney Van Den Bergh Index More information Object Index 327 NGC 1774, 129 Palomar 12, 58, 64, 161, 225, 226, 228, 232 NGC 1786, 104, 119 Pegasus dwarf, see DDO 216 NGC 1818, 102, 129 Pegasus II, see And VI NGC 1835, 35, 45, 104, 106, 107, 115 Phoenix dwarf, 5, 7, 195, 196, 200–203, 260, NGC 1841, 104, 105, 119 280 NGC 1846, 102 Pisces dwarf, see LGS 3 NGC 1866, 82, 102, 140 Pleiades, 97 NGC 1898, 104, 105, 106, 107 Polaris, 96 NGC 1916, 104, 106, 107 NGC 1951, 129 R 40, 151 NGC 1978, 106, 108 R 49, 124 NGC 2005, 104, 106, 107, 129 R 71, 124 NGC 2019, 104, 106, 107, 129 R 110, 124 NGC 2121, 103, 125 R 127, 124, 133 NGC 2155, 103, 125 R 136, 49, 113, 115, 140, 179 NGC 2157, 99, 102, 106 R 136a-608, 115 NGC 2210, 104, 119 R 143, 124, 133 NGC 2257, 97, 104, 119 Regulus, 243 NGC 2403, 83 Reticulum cluster, 104, 119 NGC 2419, 51, 62, 63, 64, 70, 106, 223, 228, 229, Ruprecht 106, 54, 58, 64, 161 251, 290 RW UMi 1956, 68 NGC 2420, 98, 145 NGC 2506, 98, 145 S 119, 133 NGC 3031, see M81 S Andromedae, 12, 38, 50, 69 NGC 3034, see M82 S Doradus, 37, 124 NGC 3077, 208, 273 SagDIG, 5, 194, 199, 280 NGC 3109, 265, 266, 269, 270, 272, 279 Sagittarius A, 14, 47, 49, 50, 67, 69 NGC 3603, 114 Sagittarius dwarf, 5, 31, 52, 58, 59, 161, 167, 174, NGC 4486B, 13, 163 225–233, 256, 262, 280, 283 NGC 5128, 32, 33, 41, 91 Sculptor 314, 248 NGC 5139, 35, 45, 227, 257 Sculptor DIG, 264 NGC 5236, see M83 Sculptor dwarf, 5, 58, 219, 220, 225, 231, 247–250, NGC 5237, 263 256, 259, 260, 262, 280 NGC 5253, 79 Sextans A, 268–272, 279 NGC 5291, 283 Sextans B, 267–268, 270, 272, 279 NGC 6171, 26 Sextans dwarf, 5, 255–256, 259, 262, 280, 282 NGC 6287, 52 Sgr A, see Sagittarius A NGC 6397, 97 Sgr B2, 48, 51 NGC 6522, 47 Sk -69◦ 202, 130 NGC 6528, 52 Small Magellanic Cloud, 5, 6, 56, 99, 117, 118, 127, NGC 6553, 52 135, 136, 137, 138, 140, 142–162, 178, 179, 185, NGC 6715, see M54 186, 187, 190, 191, 209, 215, 218, 273, 277, 280, NGC 6791, 54, 55, 71 284, 290, 291 NGC 6822, 4, 5, 6, 7, 127, 170–176, 179, 180, 181, SMC, see Small Magellanic Cloud 184, 188, 190, 191, 194, 265, 280 SMC 98-1, 149 NGC 6822 Ho 12, 175 SMC K3, 149, 155 NGC 6822 V, VI, VII, 170, 173, 175, 284 SMC L1, 149, 155 NGC 6946, 2 SMC L11, 155 NGC 6949, 279 SMC L113, 149, 155 NGC 7006, 223, 235 SMC N19, 159 NGC 7078, see M15 SMC N24, 159 NGC 7793, 264 SMC novae 1897–1994, 147, 150 SN 1885A, see S Andromedae OB 184, 36 SN 1987A, 96, 99, 100, 115, 129–131, 132 Omega Centauri, see NGC 5139 SNR 0045-73.4, 159 SNR 0045-73.5, 159 P Cygni, 37 SNR 0101-724, 159 Palomar 1, 58, 64 SNR 0101-7226, 159 Palomar 2, 225, 226, 232 SNR 0104-72.3, 159 Palomar 3, 267 SNR 0102.2-7219, 159, 160 Palomar 3, 58, 64, 229 SNR 0540-693, 132, 133 Palomar 4, 58, 64, 229 SNR 1E102-7219, 159 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521651816 - The Galaxies of the Local Group Sidney Van Den Bergh Index More information 328 Object Index SNR 2E0053.2-7242, 160 Ursa Minor dwarf, 5, 58, 137, 185, 231, 256, 257–259, SNR DEM S128, 160 262, 280 Terzan 7, 58, 64, 161, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 232 vdB 0, 20, 32 Terzan 8, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230 Virgo cluster, 39, 41, 42 Triangulum galaxy, see M33 Tucana dwarf, 5, 7, 252, 253, 260, 280 W49,46 W Mensae, see HV 966 UGC-A86, 263, 272 WLM, see DDO 221 UGC-A92, 270–271 Wolf–Lundmark–Melotte, see DDO 221 UKS 2323-326, 263, 264, 272 Wray 16-423, 231 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org.
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    9780521791342pre CUP/CONT July 9, 2008 11:48 Page-i FROM LUMINOUS HOT STARS TO STARBURST GALAXIES Luminous hot stars represent the extreme upper mass end of normal stellar evolution. Before exploding as supernovae, they live out their lives of only a few million years with prodigious outputs of radiation and stellar winds which dramatically affect both their evolution and environments. A detailed introduction to the topic, this book connects the astrophysics of mas- sive stars with the extremes of galaxy evolution represented by starburst phenomena. A thorough discussion of the physical and wind parameters of massive stars is pre- sented, together with considerations of their birth, evolution, and death. Hll galaxies, their connection to starburst galaxies, and the contribution of starburst phenomena to galaxy evolution through superwinds, are explored. The book concludes with the wider cosmological implications, including Population III stars, Lyman break galaxies, and gamma-ray bursts, for each of which massive stars are believed to play a crucial role. This book is ideal for graduate students and researchers in astrophysics who are interested in massive stars and their role in the evolution of galaxies. Peter S. Conti is an Emeritus Professor at the Joint Institute for Laboratory Astro- physics (JILA) and theAstrophysics and Planetary Sciences Department at the University of Colorado. Paul A. Crowther is a Professor of Astrophysics in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Sheffield. Claus Leitherer is an Astronomer with the Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore. 9780521791342pre CUP/CONT July 9, 2008 11:48 Page-ii Cambridge Astrophysics Series Series editors: Andrew King, Douglas Lin, Stephen Maran, Jim Pringle and Martin Ward Titles available in the series 10.
  • Fundamental Parameters of Wolf-Rayet Stars VI

    Fundamental Parameters of Wolf-Rayet Stars VI

    Astron. Astrophys. 320, 500–524 (1997) ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS Fundamental parameters of Wolf-Rayet stars VI. Large Magellanic Cloud WNL stars? P.A.Crowther and L.J. Smith Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK Received 5 February 1996 / Accepted 26 June 1996 Abstract. We present a detailed, quantitative study of late WN Key words: stars: Wolf-Rayet;mass-loss; evolution; fundamen- (WNL) stars in the LMC, based on new optical spectroscopy tal parameters – galaxies: Magellanic Clouds (AAT, MSO) and the Hillier (1990) atmospheric model. In a pre- vious paper (Crowther et al. 1995a), we showed that 4 out of the 10 known LMC Ofpe/WN9 stars should be re-classified WN9– 10. We now present observations of the remaining stars (except the LBV R127), and show that they are also WNL (WN9–11) 1. Introduction stars, with the exception of R99. Our total sample consists of 17 stars, and represents all but one of the single LMC WN6– Quantitative studies of hot luminous stars in galaxies are im- 11 population and allows a direct comparison with the stellar portant for a number of reasons. First, and probably foremost, parameters and chemical abundances of Galactic WNL stars is the information they provide on the effect of the environment (Crowther et al. 1995b; Hamann et al. 1995a). Previously un- on such fundamental properties as the mass-loss rate and stellar published ultraviolet (HST-FOS, IUE-HIRES) spectroscopy are evolution. In the standard picture (e.g. Maeder & Meynet 1987) presented for a subset of our programme stars.