Electric Vehicles

India EV Expert Guide This is a Scope & Snapshot of India EV Expert Guide. To order a full report, contact us: +91- 7358263274

About EAI

This expert guide was published by the team at EVNext, the EV research division of EAI.

Energy Alternatives India (EAI) is leading consulting and research firm with a focus on clean energy and cleantech. The country’s oldest pure-play consulting firm, EAI was started by a team of professionals from IITs and IIMs having prior experience in the energy industry. The EAI team is at the forefront of industry research, management consultancy, and business assistance in India for a range of cleantech verticals – clean energy, clean mobility and clean environment. Research and Publications

The Reports division of EAI publishes acclaimed research and industry reports for many sectors of renewable energy and cleantech. These include mainstream topics like Substitution of Diesel with Solar as well as niche domains such as Algae Fuels. The complete list of our reports can be found here.

About 20 of the Fortune 100 companies have used our research. Some of these companies include Shell, Bosch, LaFarge, Exxon Mobil.

The web resource Energy Alternatives India (www.eai.in) is the leading online information support provider for the Indian renewable energy and cleantech community.

The EAI team is based out of Chennai, India.

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India EV Expert Guide This is a Scope & Snapshot of India EV Expert Guide. To order a full report, contact us: +91- 7358263274

India EV Expert Guide - Vital Statistics

India EV Expert Guide This is a Scope & Snapshot of India EV Expert Guide. To order a full report, contact us: +91- 7358263274

What do you get from reading the India EV Expert Guide?

A Realistic Picture of the Indian EV Sector - First and foremost, you get an excellent and realistic idea of the overall status, trends and opportunities in the Indian EV sector, based on ground level research and expert interactions. Market Size Estimates - Current and expected Indian market sizes for all categories of electric vehicles – from 2 wheelers all the way to buses Strategic Market Perspectives – While the EV market is currently small, India is expected to become one of the top three world markets for electric mobility in future. You can find in this expert guide insight on the drivers that will get India there, the constraints that will be faced along the way, and the mostly likely contours of the Indian EV growth from nascent to a large market. Innovation in Indian EV Sector – A significant proportion of this guide focusses on innovation – both insights on the range of innovations happening in the EV sector, and a comprehensive list of over 50 Indian innovative EV companies and details of their innovation. In addition, related inputs on funding of innovative companies, partnerships, investment and joint ventures that have happened in recent years in the EV segment are also provided. Finally, valuable inputs on innovations along the entire EV value chain (batteries, motors, BMS, EV charging & swapping stations, recycling…) are also provided in the report. Value Chain Insights – The report scans the entire value chain of electric mobility and provides highlights of the technology, research and business opportunities at each key point in the value chain. Indian EV Stakeholders – Who are the prominent companies and stakeholders for the entire Indian EV ecosystem? This guide provides a comprehensive list of over 250 stakeholders - companies, organizations, support providers, testing facilities, government agencies and universities. This is the first such list available anywhere. Startup Focus - A section has been devoted to providing a comprehensive database of unique and innovative Indian startups working on disruptive technologies in the Indian EV segment Costs and Economics – Based on significant research and analysis, prices and price analysis of all types of electric vehicles in India are provided. Also are provided the costs of Li-ion batteries, and capital and O&M costs for setting up EV charging stations in India.

India EV Expert Guide This is a Scope & Snapshot of India EV Expert Guide. To order a full report, contact us: +91- 7358263274

Key Questions Answered by the India EV Expert Guide

For businesses keen on understanding the Indian EV sector for investment or diversification, the India EV Expert Guide provides valuable answers to the following questions:

What is the current and expected market size of global and Indian EV segment? Which product and market segments are expected to show significant growth in the short and medium term? What are the key drivers and challenges for the growth of electric vehicle segment? What are the policies and incentives provided by the Indian government and state governments for electric vehicles? Who are the key stakeholders in the global and Indian EV industry, and how are their roles emerging in the overall ecosystem? What are the current cost and economics involved in Indian electric vehicles? How can the cost of the EVs be reduced in future? Who are the prominent companies in each part of the EV value chain (raw materials, components, all types of EVs, electric vehicle charging stations, batteries) and what are their current activities and future plans? How are the central and state government policies shaping up, and what’s in store in the near future from the policy/regulatory framework? Which are the startups in India involved in the electric vehicles sector and what are their profiles? What are the latest researches and innovations happening in the country, and what are the opportunities for partnerships? What are the salient aspects of the EV supply chain in India and what are the key opportunities emerging from this? How can I set up an EV charging infrastructure and what are the costs involved?

India EV Expert Guide This is a Scope & Snapshot of India EV Expert Guide. To order a full report, contact us: +91- 7358263274

Why is the India EV Expert Guide Unique?

Business Oriented: It answers the most critical questions that entrepreneurs, investors and businesses have before investing in electric vehicles industry Focus: It is the only guide available in the country which provides exclusive insights and intelligence about the various EV business opportunities Written by Experts: Developed by EAI’s EV team which provides insights & recommendations on short term opportunities and enabling action points with strategic perspectives for the long term Actionable Insights and Intelligence, not just Information: Compiled by EV experts, India EV Expert Guide is the first report that provides in-depth analysis and insights on this important field. It uses innumerable data and information from a wide variety of expert sources and market studies, and distils these inputs and data into intelligence and an actionable roadmap that you can use.

India EV Expert Guide enables decision making through clear insights on the following key aspects:

Market Understanding: In-depth analysis of the Indian electric vehicles market with current trends and future estimations Opportunity Analyses: The EV market encompasses a large opportunity spectrum including Component and OEM manufacturing, Marketing and trading services including distributorships and franchisees. India EV Expert Guide provides clarity on key opportunities along the entire EV Value Chain. Policy Understanding: India EV Expert Guide analyses key policies under EV space such as NEMMP 2020, FAME Scheme, state government policies, and their impacts on the overall commercial feasibility for new entrants.

Apart from the above details, the report also provides a comprehensive list of Indian EV companies, their products/solutions and specifications.

India EV Database: To assist the entrepreneurs and other businesses in understanding the growing electric vehicle industry, EAI has come up with this comprehensive list of Indian electric vehicle industry stakeholders – India EV Database India EV Innovation Database – A valuable list of unique Indian companies developing innovative and disruptive e-mobility technologies and solutions India EV Market Strategy Roadmap – An insightful analysis of the Indian EV sector, the drivers, aspirations, constrains and the evolving technology and product trends, to arrive at an inference on how the Indian EV market will evolve until 2025 and how companies should strategize to benefit from these trends.

India EV Expert Guide This is a Scope & Snapshot of India EV Expert Guide. To order a full report, contact us: +91- 7358263274

Who Will Benefit the Most from the India EV Expert Guide?

Established companies keen on diversifying to manufacturing or providing solutions for the upcoming EV sector

Entrepreneurs, small business and start-ups keen on benefitting from the EV opportunities

Researchers & academics wishing to contribute to technological innovation for the EVs of the future

Financial and strategic investors keen to have a play in the EV sector

India EV Expert Guide This is a Scope & Snapshot of India EV Expert Guide. To order a full report, contact us: +91- 7358263274

Powerful Insights You Gain from the India EV Expert Guide

Type of Insights Details Market size Current and expected market sizes of global and Indian electric vehicle industry is provided. Key drivers and constraints that affect the growth of the industry is also discussed. Market growth Current and future market growth of electric vehicles by product type and geography is discussed in detail. EV Technologies Key components involved in an electric vehicle segment and the technologies behind individual components are discussed. Details on the value chain of EV industry are also provided. Key Stakeholders in the EV Industry Comprehensive list of key stakeholders in the EV industry and their nature of business is provided Major Indian Companies in the Indian EV Industry Major players in the Indian EV sector across product type, their models, specifications and unique features are provided Attractiveness of EVs for Indian Entrepreneurs Attractive business opportunities and factors enabling favorable environment for Indian entrepreneurs to enter EV segment is discussed Cost & Economics Detailed cost and economics involved in each component of electric vehicle and the charging infrastructure is provided EVs – Funding & Partnerships Prominent funding and partnerships that have happened in the last few years in global and Indian EV industry is discussed Aspirations & drivers Major drivers and other attractive schemes that favour the growth of EVs is provided Latest Updates from the Indian EV Industry The latest happenings that have happened in the past one year in the EV industry have been discussed Challenges and bottlenecks Key constraints/challenges that affect the growth of EV industry is provided Recent market trends Latest trends in sales by large companies and their predicted business in the coming years is discussed Over 50 Innovations in the Indian and Detailed list of innovations that are happening in International EV Sector global and Indian EV sector to enable the growth of EV sector is provided Examples of over 50 startups Indian startups who are actively working for the

India EV Expert Guide This is a Scope & Snapshot of India EV Expert Guide. To order a full report, contact us: +91- 7358263274

growth of EV industry in India is discussed Attractive niche opportunities New business opportunities that can enable entrepreneurs to enter EV segment has been dealt with here Founder profiles for over 50 successful startups Profiles of founders of prominent Indian startup companies have been provided Comprehensive idea of market segments An in-depth analysis of the key EV market segments and their growth across geographies has been done Different types of business opportunities Various business opportunities available for different stakeholders – OEMs, entrepreneurs, investors are discussed Attractive niche ideas Innovative ideas that can be worked upon by leading research institutes, R&D team of large companies and startups are provided Drivers & Challenges Key drivers and challenges that affect the growth of EV and solutions to overcome challenges are provided Batteries & Storage Various types of batteries used in EV, their performance and storage capacities have been discussed India EV Database Comprehensive list of Indian electric vehicle industry stakeholders along with detailed product specifications for each company has been provided

India EV Expert Guide This is a Scope & Snapshot of India EV Expert Guide. To order a full report, contact us: +91- 7358263274

Key Topics Covered

India EV Expert Guide This is a Scope & Snapshot of India EV Expert Guide. To order a full report, contact us: +91- 7358263274

How Was the India EV Expert Guide Prepared?

India EV Expert Guide was prepared by a team of technical research analysts at EAI, coordinated by its Directors. The team spent over 12 months in developing this expert guide – and the research included meetings with over 100 industry stakeholders, in addition to extensive analyses of data and trends.

Through frequent brainstorming sessions the team was able to come up with a wide category of questions from customer perspective. Extensive secondary research and a fair amount of primary research (which involved discussions with industry experts) was carried out to arrive at authentic data which would be valuable to customers including stakeholders, entrepreneurs and investors.

To Purchase the India EV Expert Guide, @ Rs 16000 /-

 Send an email to [email protected] / [email protected] , with the subject: Purchase India EV Expert Guide

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India EV Expert Guide This is a Scope & Snapshot of India EV Expert Guide. To order a full report, contact us: +91- 7358263274

List of Contents

1. Background of Electric Vehicle Industry 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Background 1.2.1 Global Electric Vehicle Industry 1.2.2 Indian Electric Vehicle Industry 2. Electric Vehicles – Types & Value Chain 2.1 Types of Electric Vehicles 2.1.1 Based on Purpose 2.1.2 Based on Capacity 2.1.3 Based on Number of Wheels 2.1.4 Based on Electrification 2.2 Electric Vehicle Value Chain 2.2.1 Battery Production Value Chain 2.2.2 Li-ion & Lead Acid Batteries used in 2, 3 Wheelers & Cars 2.2.3 Lithium Battery Standards 2.2.4 EV Charging Infrastructure 2.2.5 Battery Swapping 2.2.6 Electric Vehicle – End of Life 2.2.7 Electric Car Service 2.2.8 Battery Swapping 2.2.9 End of Life Cycle of Electric Vehicle 3. Electric Vehicles – Technology & Infrastructure 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Battery 3.2.1 Li-ion and Lead Acid Batteries Used in 2 & 3 Wheelers 3.3 Battery Management Systems (BMS) 3.4 Motor 3.5 Cooling Systems 3.6 Description of Transmission System of Electric Vehicles

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3.6.1 Working of Manual Transmission 3.6.2 Electric Vehicle Transmission System 3.6.3 Major Difference in External/Non-electric Part of Electric Vehicle and ICE 3.7 Specifications for EVs 4. Key Stakeholders in EV Industry 4.1 Introduction and Overview of Market Supply Chain 4.2 Electric Vehicles Supply Chain – Global 4.2.1 Main Suppliers of Key Components To Tesla, Toyota Prius, Nissan Leaf 4.2.2 World’s Leading Suppliers of: a. Li ion Batteries for EVs b. Battery Management Systems c. Electric Motors d. Transmission systems for EVs

4.2.3 Suppliers of EV Charging Infrastructure Worldwide 4.2.4 Suppliers of the Main Components of an EV Charging Infrastructure 4.3 Current Scenario in India’s EV Infrastructure 4.3.1 Market Characteristics and Business Models 4.3.2 Charging Services firms emerging now 4.3.3 Standards for EV Chargers in India 4.3.4 Suppliers of EV Charging Infrastructure Worldwide 4.3.5 Suppliers of the Main Components of an EV Charging Infrastructure 4.3.6 Suppliers of EV Charging Infrastructure in India 4.4 Electric Vehicles Supply Chain – India 4.4.1 Supply Chain Trends & Updates 4.4.2 Role of Key Indian Battery Makers – Exide and Amara Raja for Indian EV Sector 4.4.3 Main Suppliers of Electric Motor to the Indian EV Industry 4.4.4 Battery Swapping station in India 5. Major Indian Companies in Indian EV Industry 5.1 Introduction 5.2 By Vehicle Type/No. of Wheels 5.2.1 Two Wheelers – E-bicycles 5.2.2 Two Wheelers – E-motorcycles and Scooters

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5.2.3 Three Wheelers 5.2.4 Four Wheelers – Mini Pick-up Trucks & Golf Carts 5.2.5 Four Wheelers – Cars – By Type of Electrification 5.2.6 Four Wheelers – E-buses, Trucks & Mini-trucks Cost & Economics 6. Cost & Economics 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Prices of Various Types of Electric Vehicles 6.2.1 Prices of Electric Vehicles – India 6.2.2 Prices of Electric Cars – Global 6.3 Costs of Electric Vehicles 6.3.1 Reasons for the High Costs of Electric Vehicles 6.3.2 Cost of Batteries 6.4 Costs for Setting up an EV Charging Infrastructure 6.4.1 Costs for Normal AC Charging Stations 6.4.2 Cost for DC Fast Charging Stations 6.4.2.1 EV Charging Infra Installation Cost Based on International Benchmarks 6.4.2.2 EV Charging Infra Installation Cost Based on Indian Benchmarks 6.4.2.3 Operating Costs for EVSEs in India 7. Investment Opportunities in Electric Vehicles 7.1 Current and Expected Market Sizes of Electric Vehicles - India 7.1.1 Key Drivers Propelling This Industry 7.1.2 Key constraints that could prove to be growth bottlenecks, and how serious are these constraints 7.1.3 Avenues to Facilitate Growth in Short & Medium Term 7.1.4 Indian Transport Ecosystem 7.1.5 Indian Energy Ecosystem 7.1.6 Expected CAGR and Future Market Estimates – India 7.1.7 Trends in Sales of Major Indian EV OEMs and their Future Predictions 7.1.8 Current Status of Companies investing in EV and the rationale behind the Investment 7.2 Current and Expected Market Sizes of Electric Vehicles - Global 7.2.1 Key Market Segments & their Growth in the Next 5 Years 7.3 Indian Electric Vehicle Market Entry – Recommendations

India EV Expert Guide This is a Scope & Snapshot of India EV Expert Guide. To order a full report, contact us: +91- 7358263274

8. EV Startups – Funding & Partnerships 8.1 Funding 8.2 Investments 8.3 Partnerships 8.4 Acquisitions 9. Innovations & R&D 9.1 Global Emerging Technologies and Innovations in EV Industry 9.2 Global Emerging Innovations in Battery Management Systems 9.2.1 Disruptive Innovations and Applications Boost Battery Management Systems Market 9.3 Global Emerging Innovations in EV Batteries 9.3.1 Trends in Li ion battery 9.3.2 Research status of Anode/Cathode Material 9.3.3 Innovation in Anode 9.3.4 Future Batteries 9.4 EV Research in Top Indian Colleges 9.5 Innovations by Indian Startups 9.5.1 The Indian EV Innovations Database 10. EV Policies (India and Global) 10.1 Indian Electric Vehicle Schemes 10.1.1 The National Electric Mobility Mission Plan 2020 10.1.2 Fame India Scheme 10.1.3 Global MOVE Summit 2018 10.2 Indian EV Policies 10.2.1 Karnataka EV Policy (2017-2018) 10.2.2 Maharashtra EV Policy (2018) 10.2.3 Uttar Pradesh Electric Vehicles Manufacturing Policy 2018 10.2.4 Andhra Pradesh to Roll out Electric Vehicles Policy 10.2.5 Telangana 10.2.6 Tamil Nadu 10.2.7 Summary 10.3 Indian Electric Car Import Duty - Imports from China

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10.4 Global Policies 10.4.1 China 10.4.2 Norway 10.4.3 Comparing U.S. and Chinese Electric Vehicle Policies-2018 10.4.4 Summary 11. Latest Updates in Electric Vehicle Industry 2017-18 11.1 Two Wheelers 11.2 Three Wheelers 11.3 Four Wheelers 11.4 Other Updates 12. Latest Product Launches in Electric Vehicle Industry 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Detailed Specifications with Product Images of EV Companies who showcased at Auto Expo, Feb 2018 @ Delhi/Noida 12.3 Specifications of Products Showcased by Other Companies 12.4 EV Launches in India 2018 13. India EV Database 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Overview of Companies Discussed 13.3 Electric Two Wheelers 13.3.1 Summary of Companies Listed & Highlights 1. TVS Motors 2. Honda Motorcycle & Scooter India (HMSI) 3. Electrotherm 4. Tunwal E-vehicles 5. UM Lohia Two Wheelers Pvt. Ltd. 6. Ather Energy 7. Twenty Two Motors 8. Okinawa Autotech Pvt. Ltd. 9. Menza Motors 10. SINA Mobility 11. Hulikkal Electro India 12. Tork Motorcycles 13. Milltex Spero 14. Volta Motors 15. Ajanta Manufacturing Ltd.

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16. GoGreen BOV 13.4 Electric Three Wheelers 13.4.1 Summary of Companies Listed & Highlights 1. Bajaj Auto 2. Scooters India Ltd. 3. Goenka Electric Vehicles Pvt. Ltd 4. Volta Automotive India Pvt. Ltd 5. Shigan EV (GreenRick) 6. Pi Beam Labs 7. Gayatri Electric Vehicles 8. Pubang Etron Electric Motor Private Limited 13.5 Electric Cars 13.5.1 Summary of Companies Listed & Highlights 1. Hyundai Motor India 2. Toyota India 3. BMW India 4. Maruti Suzuki 5. Tata Motors 6. Honda Cars India Ltd. 7. Volvo Cars India 8. Mean Metal Motors 13.6 Electric Buses 13.6.1 Summary of Companies Listed & Highlights 1. Ashok Leyland 2. Goldstone 3. JBM

13.7 Companies that Make Multiple Types of EVs

13.7.1 Summary of Companies Listed & Highlights 1. Hero Electric 2. Mahindra Electric 3. Kinetic Green 4. Lohia Auto Industries 5. Emflux Motors 6. Ampere Vehicles 7. Shriram Astral Motors 8. Gayam Motor Works 9. Ultraviolette Automotive 10. Speedways Electric 11. Ecodynaamic Equipments 12. Xxplore Automotive 13. Jitendra Motors

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14. Panther Electric Vehicles 3.8 EV Components & Support Solutions 3.8.1 Summary of Companies Listed & Highlights

EV Component Suppliers

1. Amaron/Amara Raja 2. Crompton Greaves 3. Exide Industries 4. BHEL 5. Elcom International Pvt. Ltd. 6. Rotomag 7. Axiom Energy 8. ION Energy 9. Napino Auto & Electronics Ltd. 10. Gegadyne Energy 11. Agastya Automotives Pvt. Ltd. 12. Denso India 13. Altigreen Propulsion Labs 13.9 EV Support Solution Providers 13.9.1 Summary of Companies Listed & Highlights 1. TUV Rheinland 2. ABB India 3. Tata Power 4. Fortum 5. NATRiP 6. ARCI 7. International Centre for Automotive Technology (ICAT) 8. ARAI 9. India Energy Storage Alliance 10. Sun Mobility 11. ACME 12. Lithion Power 14. Hero Future Energies 15. Conclusion 16. Appendix 17. EV Component Suppliers for Toyota 18. Other Details from EV Industry 19. Abbreviations 14. Conclusion

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List of Tables

Table 1: Comparison of fuel cell chart Table 2: Hydrogen in Transportation Technology Development Table 3: Battery Electric vs. Fuel Cells Vehicles Table 4: Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Product Launches 2002-2018 Table 5: Battery Cathode Chemistry Table 6: Technical Performance by Existing Battery Type (Indicative Value, 2017) Table 7: Lithium Battery Standards Table 8: Safety Standards for Batteries Table 9: Components of EV charging station Table 10: Charging Standards Table 11: Global & Indian Battery Recycling Companies Table 12: Motors Used by Major EV Companies Table 13: Comparison of AC and DC Motors Table 14: Advantage, disadvantage & usage of different motor types Table 15: Power Comparison of different motors having same size Table 16: Specification of Hyundai - IONIQ Electric Table 17: MW of Batteries Produced by Leading Battery Manufacturers Table 18: Current EV charging Installation in India Table 19: EV Charging Station Installation 2017 Table 20: Future EV Charging market trends Table 21: Suppliers of EV Charging Infrastructure in India Table 22: E-bicycle Manufacturers Table 23: Profile of Electric two wheeler-Based on size of company Table 24: Electric Bicycles- Maximum & Minimum Value Table 25: E-bike Manufacturers Table 26: Profile of motorcycles & scooter- Based on size of company Table 27: Motorcycles & scooters- Maximum & minimum values Table 28: E-Three-wheeler Manufacturers Table 29: Profile of Eklectric three wheelers - based on size of company Table 30: Three wheelers - Maximum & Minimum Values Table 31: E-Four-wheeler Manufacturers Table 32: Profile of electric four wheelers-Based on size of company Table 33: Fully Electric Vehicle Manufacturers Table 34: Profile of Electric four wheelers-Based on size of company Table 35: Electric Heavy Vehicles Manufacturers Table 36: Profile of four wheeler- Ebus, Truck & mini trucks Table 37: Prices of Electric Vehicles – India Table 38: Prices of Electric Cars - Global Table 39: Distribution of Price of Electric Car by Component Table 40: Cost Analysis for setting up EV Charging Infrastructure Table 41: EV Charging Infra Installation Cost Based on Indian Benchmarks Table 42: Cost for Electricity-For 10 hrs operation

India EV Expert Guide This is a Scope & Snapshot of India EV Expert Guide. To order a full report, contact us: +91- 7358263274

Table 43: Cost for Electricity - For 5 hrs Operation Table 44: O&M Cost Table 45: Comparison of Different Bus Technologies Table 46: Key challenges Table 47: Growth in Short & Medium term Table 48: Strategy Recommendation-summary Table 49: Strategy to overcome key challenges Table 50: Emerging trends in transport & energy ecosystem Table 51: Strategy for achieving the sustainable transportation goals Table 52: Expected Indian EV Market Size Table 53: E-bike Sales by Region Table 54: Indian EV Market Entry - Recommendations Table 55: Details on Funding for Apeiron Mobility Table 56: Cell chemistry Table 57: EV Research in Indian Colleges Table 58: EV Innovators List Table 59: Summary of Indian EV Policies Table 60: Custom Duty for EV Table 61: Duty Rate for Electrical Components Table 62: Import Duties Table 63: Comparison of U.S. & Chinese EV Policies - 2018 Table 64: Summary of Global EV Policies Table 65: List of Companies Participated in Auto Expo 2018 Table 66: Specification for Twenty Two Motors – Flow Table 67: Specifications for Hero Electric - CRUZ E2 Li Table 68: Specifications for Lohia Auto Industries - OMA Star Li Table 69: Specifications for Desmoto Electrics - Electric Rickshaw Table 70: Specifications for Scooters India Limited - Vikram EV Table 71: Specification for Shigan EV - GreenRick Super Table 72: Specifications for Hyundai - IONIQ Electric Table 73: Specifications for Toyota - Prius PHV Table 74: Specifications for Tata Motors - Star Bus EV Table 75: Specifications for Mahindra – Cosmo Table 76: Specifications for Bird Ebike Segway-X2 Table 77: Specifications for i2 Table 78: Specification for Okinawa Scooter Table 79: Specification for OXFLY Electric Scooter Table 80: Specification for Tunwal E Vehicle - Storm ZX Table 81: Specification for TVS Table 82: Specification for Vespa Elettrica Table 83: Specification for Pubang Etron Electric Motor Pvt Ltd-Mini Pickup Trucks Table 84: Specification for Lohia Auto - Mini Pickup Trucks- Narain LC Table 85: Specification for Shigan EV- Mini Pickup Trucks- Green Cart Table 86: Specification for Lohia Auto - Humrahi Solar Powered E rickshaw

India EV Expert Guide This is a Scope & Snapshot of India EV Expert Guide. To order a full report, contact us: +91- 7358263274

Table 87: Specification for Mahindra-TREO- E-Rickshaw Table 88: Specification for Goldstone BYD Table 89: Specification for JBM Table 90: Specification for Tata Motor- Iris EV Table 91: Specification for Tata Motor- Magic EV Table 92: Specification for Kia-Soul EV Table 93: Specification for Tata TIGOR EV Table 94: EV Launches 2018 Table 95: Overview of Companies discussed Table 96: Summary of Companies Listed & Highlights Table 97: Specification of TVS Creon Table 98: Honda Mobile Power Pack Table 99: PCX Electric Table 100: Specification of YO Electron Table 101: Specification of YO Edge Table 102: Specification of YO Explor Table 103: Specification of YO style Table 104: Specification of YO Exl Table 105: Specification of YO Spark Table 106: Specification of Storm ZX Table 107: Specification of Mini Sport 63 Table 108: Specification of Mini Sport 63 Table 109: Specification of Super Sport 63 Table 110: Specification of Storm Advance Dual Seater Table 111: Specification of Elektrika 48 Table 112: Specification of Elektrika 48 Table 113: Specification of Lithino -Li Table 114: Specification of Storm Advance Single Seater Table 115: Specification of Renegade Thor Table 116: Specification of S340 Table 117: Specification of Flow Table 118: Specification of Ridge Table 119: Specification of Praise Table 120: Specification of Menza Lucat - Range Table 121: Specification of Menza Lucat - Dimensions Table 122: Specification of Menza Lucat - Charger Table 123: Specification of Menza Lucat- Suspension Table 124: Specification of Menza Lucat -Tires & wheels Table 125: Specification of Menza Lucat- Brakes Table 126: Specification of Menza Lucat- Battery Table 127: Specification of Menza Lucat- Motor Table 128: Specification of Menza Lucat - Power train Table 129: Specification of Hulikkal Avatar E Bike Table 130: Specification of Hulikkal Medley

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Table 131: Specification of Hulikkal Nile Table 132: Specification of Hulikkal Sylph Table 133: Specification of Hulikkal Rambler Table 134: Specification of Hulikkal Uniex Table 135: Specification of Tork T6X Table 136: Specification of Milltex Spero Table 137: Summary of Companies Listed & Highlights Table 138: Specification of Vikram EV Table 139: Specification of Prince E- Rickshaw Table 140: Specification of Smart E-cart Table 141: Specification of Queen E- Rickshaw Table 142: Specification of King Table 143: Specification of Passenger - 80X Table 144: Specification of Cargo -650 Table 145: Specification of Passenger - Retro Table 146: Specification of GreenRick Super Table 147: Specification of Green Rick Cart Table 148: Specification of GreenRick Super Cart Table 149: Specification of Pi Beam E03 Electric Table 150: Specification of Pi Beam S03 SOLAR Table 151: Specification of Open E-Loader Table 152: Specification of Auto Shaped E Rickshaw Table 153: Specification of Electric Food Cart Table 154: Specification of Electric School Rickshaw Table 155: Specification of E-Rickshaw FRP Roof Table 156: Specification of Electric Rickshaw Motor Table 157: Specification of 4 Seater Premium Rickshaw Table 158: Specification of Battery operated Rickshaw Table 159: Specification of Four Seater E Rickshaw Table 160: Specification of Atom Auto E Rickshaw Table 161: Specification of Battery Rickshaw Table 162: Specification of Battery Operated Garbage Loader Table 163: Specification of Electric Loader Table 164: Specification of Electric Loader Table 165: Specification of Mini Pickup Trucks Table 166: Specification of SmartEV Table 167: Summary of Companies Listed & Highlights Table 168: Specification of Hyundai - IONIQ Electric Table 169: Specification of IONIQ Hybrid Table 170: Specification of Toyota-Prius PHV Table 171: Specification of Camry HEV Table 172: Specification of Tata motors - Iris EV Table 173: Specification of Tata Motor - Star Bus EV Table 174: Specification of Tata MAGIC EV

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Table 175: Specification of Tata TIGOR EV Table 176: Specification of Tata TIAGO EV Table 177: Summary of Companies Listed & Highlights Table 178: Specification of VERSA EV Bus Table 179: Circuit S 9m Dimensions Table 180: K7 E-bus Table 181: K9 E-bus Table 182: Specification of EcoLife - 12m Table 183: Summary of companies Listed & Highlights Table 184: Specification of Hero Electric -CruzE2 Li Table 185: Specification of Hero Electric -HE 18 Table 186: Specification of Hero Electric - HE 19 Table 187: Specification of Hero Electric - Photon Li Table 188: Specification of Hero Electric - Photon Table 189: Specification of Hero Electric - Flash Table 190: Specification of Hero Electric -HE 17 Table 191: Specification of Hero Electric - NYX E5 Table 192: Specification of Hero Electric -NYX Table 193: Specification of Hero Optima Table 194: Specification of Hero Optima E2 Li Table 195: Specification of RAAHII E-rickshaw Table 196: e2o Plus - Electric Car Table 197: Specification of E-supro - Electric Minivan Table 198: Specification of E-Verito -Electric Car Table 199: Specification of E alfa - Electric Rickshaw Table 200: E2o NXT - Electric Car Table 201: Specification of E- Cosmo Bus Table 202: Specification of Mahindra Treo - E rickshaw Table 203: Specification of Safar E Auto Table 204: Specification of 2 seater Golf Cart Table 205: Specification of 4 seater Golf Cart Table 206: Specification of 6 seater Golf Cart Table 207: Specification of 8 Seater Electric Mini Bus Table 208: Specification of 14 Seater Electric Bus Table 209: Specification of OMA Star Li Table 210: Specification of OMA Star Table 211: Specification of Humrahi Passenger Table 212: Specification of Humrahi Plus Table 213: Specification of Narain LC Table 214: Specification of Comfort Table 215: Specification of Comfort Plus Table 216: Specification of comfort DLX Table 217: Specification of Humrani Solar Powered E rickshaw Table 218: Specification of Emflux ONE

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Table 219: Specification of Ampere Angel Electric Cycle Table 220: Specification of Ampere V48 Table 221: Specification of Ampere Trisul Table 222: Specification of Ampere Trolley ET-500 Table 223: Specification of Ampere Mitra 400 Table 224: Specification of E-rickshaw Table 225: Specification of Ampere Mitra WMS(400) Table 226: Specification of Urban ET-Passenger smart Auto (Li ion) Table 227: Specification of Taskman - Cargo smart Auto 450 Table 228: Specification of eshaft - passenger E rickshaw Table 229: Specification of ecargo - Pickup E rickshaw Table 230: Specification of Limitless Spirit Table 231: Specification of Limitless Torque Table 232: Specification of SGC - 2 Two Seater Electric Golf Cart Table 233: Specification of Royale 4 - Vintage Four seater Golf Cart Table 234: Specification of Classique Sightseeing Cart Table 235: Specification of SET 4 Multi Utility Vehicle Table 236: Specification of Food Cart- Cater on Wheels Table 237: Specification of Sightseein Electric Mini bus Table 238: Specification of Trackless Trains- Nemo Express Table 239: Specification of Musafir - Premium Electric Rickshaws Table 240: Specification of 6V Golf Cart Battery Table 241: Specification of Golf Cart Tyres Table 242: Specification of ECO -Bull Table 243: Specification of ECO-Bull Mini Table 244: Specification of ECO- Bull Maxi Table 245: Specification of ECO- Truck Table 246: Specification of ECO Polo Table 247: Specification of Passenger Electric Rickshaw Table 248: Specification of E Loader Rickshaw Table 249: Specification of Ryan Electric Scooter Table 250: Specification of Angel Electric Scooter Table 251: Specification of Sunshine Electric Scooter Table 252: E Close Container Rickshaw Table 253: Specification of Eco Safari Table 254: Specification of School battery operated rickshaw Table 255: Specification of Jitendra motors Table 256: Summary of companies Listed & Highlighted Table 257: Specification of Exide E ride Plus Batteries Table 258: Specification of Exide E ride Tubular Plus Batteries Table 259: Specification of Intelligent EV Charging System Table 260: Specification of charging station operating system Table 261: EV charging Systems Table 262: Specification of BLDC Motor Controller

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Table 263: Specification of Electric Rickshaw Battery Charger Table 264: Specification of Electric Rickshaw Battery Charger Table 265: Specification of Electric Rickshaw Battery Charger Table 266: Specification of E-rickshaw DC-DC Converter Table 267: Specification of Four Wheeler DC-DC converter Table 268: Specification of Four Wheeler on board Battery Charger Table 269: Specification of four wheeler onboard CCCU Table 270: Summary of Companies Listed & highlights Table 271: EV Product offerings Table 272: Homologation Requirements for Electric & hybrid EV Table 273: E- Mobility Center of Excellence Table 274: Key Components Suppliers for Toyota Prius Table 275: Global Electric Bus Makers

List of Figures

Figure 1: Block Diagram of Electric Car Figure 2: Plug-in and Hybrid Electric Vehicle Figure 3: Synchronization of Parallel and Series Hybrid Vehicle Architecture Figure 4: Start-stop Mechanism of Micro Hybrid Vehicles using Super Capacitor Figure 5: Layout of fuel cell vehicle Figure 6: Major Hydrogen & Fuel cell Activities in India Figure 7: Electric Vehicle Value Chain Figure 8: Li-ion Battery Value Chain Figure 9: Li ion Battery Figure 10: Manufacturing Process for Prismatic / Pouch Cell Figure 11: Manufacturing Process for cylindrical cells Figure 12: Battery Formation Process Figure 13: Battery Pack Assembly Process Figure 14: Comparative Evaluation of Different EV Market Cost, 2017 Figure 15: Expected Global Market Share of Lithium Ion Battery Makers in 2018 Figure 16: EV Charging Infrastructure Figure 17: EV Charging Station Value Chain Figure 18: Typical Layout of charging Infrastructure Figure 19: Components of on-street restricted access charging points Figure 20: Components of off street Open access charging points Figure 21: EVSEs supporting the combined Charging System Figure 22: EVSE Grid Ecosystem Figure 23: Electric vehicle Charging station flow chart Figure 24: EVSE Charge station management software functions Figure 25: Waste Management Figure 26: Recycling of a Lead-acid Battery Electric Vehicle Figure 27: Recycling of Batteries

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Figure 28: Battery Management System Figure 29: Components of Battery Management Systems Figure 30: DC Brushed Motor Figure 31: Brushless DC Motor Figure 32: Synchronous Motor Figure 33: Continuously Variable Transmission Figure 34: Simple Transmission System Figure 35: Shifting into First Gear Figure 36: Rear Transmission Figure 37: Gear Synchronizers Figure 38: Parts of an Electric Vehicle Transmission System Figure 39: Front Suspension in an EV Figure 40: EV Market Supply Chain Figure 41: MWh of EV Li-ion Batteries Produced Figure 42: Graph showing share by battery type Figure 43: Graph Showing E-bicycles Distribution by cost Figure 44: Price Distribution of E-scooters & E-bikes Figure 45: E-scooters & E-bikes - Autonomy Figure 46: E-scooter/Bikes Battery Types Figure 47: E-scooters & E- bikes Performance by Max. Speed Figure 48: Cost distribution of three wheelers Figure 49: Range distribution of electric three wheeler Figure 50: Speed distribution of electric three wheelers Figure 51: Range distribution of e bus, truck & mini truck Figure 52: Speed distribution of e buses, truck & mini truck Figure 53: BCE & ICE Pre-tax Prices in U.S. Figure 54: Lithium Ion Cost Comparison Figure 55: Price Comparison of ICE and EV Figure 56: Cost of Parking Garage Installation Figure 57: Cost of Curbside Installation Figure 58: Cost of Curbside DC Fast Charger Installation Figure 59: Indian EV Market Size by Vehicle Type Figure 60: History & Market Growth of EV Two Wheelers Figure 61: Growth of EV Two-wheelers Vs. Four Wheelers in India Figure 62: Trends of E-rickshaws in India Figure 63: Layout of Strategizing for EV growth Figure 64: Global Electric Car stock Figure 65: Worldwide Sales of electric bicycles Figure 66: Annual E-bike Sales Figure 67: E-bikes Revenue Figure 68: Annual Electric Motorcycle and Scooter Sales Figure 69: Electric Car Sales and Revenue 2015-2017 Figure 70: Global Sales of Electric Vehicles and Plug-in Hybrids Figure 71: Trends in Li ion battery technology

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Figure 72: Research status of Anode/Cathode Material Figure 73: Innovation in Anode Figure 74: Trends in Li ion chemistry Figure 75: BEV Incentives & Uptake in Norway Figure 76: Twenty Two Motors – Flow Model & Colours Figure 77: Hero Electric - CRUZ E2 Li Figure 78: Lohia Auto Industries - OMA Star Li Figure 79: Desmoto Electrics - Electric Rickshaw Figure 80: Scooters India Limited - Vikram EV Figure 81: Shigan EV - GreenRick Super Figure 82: Hyundai - IONIQ Electric Figure 83: Toyota - Pries PHV Figure 84: Tata Motors - Star Bus EV Figure 85: Mahindra - Cosmo Figure 86: Specification of Zap Figure 87: Specification of Zap Figure 88: Specification of Zap

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Chapter Highlights

We provide chapter highlights and sample content from the report to help you understand the quality of insights and analyses you obtain from the India EV Expert Guide.

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Chapter 2: Electric Vehicles – Types & Value Chain

What this chapter is all about: You get an excellent idea of the overall electric vehicle product and component ecosystem. Details on the types of vehicles, key technologies that drive electric mobility and other critical aspects of the EV value chain are explained with clarity.

Some inputs and insights from this chapter

Electric vehicles are classified mainly based on number of wheels (two, three, four wheelers) and type of electrification (fully electric, mild, micro, plug-in hybrid).

The list of major components of EV charging infrastructure which include physical components, such as internal electronics, controllers, cord, EV-compatible plug and telecommunications devices to share data and enable network connections, and software applications to manage the charging, billing, driver access, and administration of an EVSE program are also mentioned

The battery swapping station specification of major players like Sun Mobility have been explained in detail

The development of hybrid electric two wheelers, globally is still in its evolving stage, but here are two rare examples: one from India’s TVS and another from Honda of Japan highlighted in this chapter

The current research efforts taking place in the Indian fuel cell sector by ARCI has been mentioned along with the details of fuel cell vehicle transportation in Japan, US, UK and China

Details of electric vehicle cathode chemistry, which includes prominent combinations like Nickel Cobalt Aluminum (NCA), Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP), Cobalt-based lithium-ion (LCO) and Nickel Cobalt Manganese (NCM or NMC), are provided in this chapter, along with those for anode chemistry

A list of some of the prominent global & Indian lead acid battery recycling companies is also provided in this chapter

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Sample Charts

SAMPLE CHART 1: Major Hydrogen & Fuel cell Activities in India

Figure 6 : Major Hydrogen & Fuel cell Activities in India

SAMPLE CHART 2: Global & Indian Battery Recycling Companies

Companies Headquarters Key Highlights India Green India1 Navi Mumbai The company was started in 2015. Amaron2 Hyderabad For over a decade, ARBL has practiced lead recycling by collecting scrap batteries generated while selling new one. Exide Industries3 Kolkata At Exide, they buy back old lead acid batteries and recycle these used batteries in smelters in various parts of the country.

1 http://www.greenindiarecycling.co.in/ 2 http://www.amaron.in/batteryrecycle.php 3 http://www.exideindustries.com/

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Global Johnson Controls International4 Wisconsin, USA They recycle lead acid batteries, Lithium ion cells and hybrid battery systems. The company has been in the industry since 1885. G&P Batteries5 Darlaston, England G & P Batteries is the UK’s leading authority on waste battery collection and recycling. We offer a nationwide service for the collection of every kind of waste battery or battery powered appliance. Retriev Technologies Inc6 Anaheim, California The most knowledgeable and diverse battery recycling companies in the world, we’re moving forward to meet the growing demand for custom recycling solutions Battery Solutions LLC7 Howell, USA They collect and recycle or upcycle batteries and repurpose the secondary commodities for reuse in steel manufacturing, agriculture, and new battery manufacturing, among other applications. EnerSys8 Pennsylvania, USA The company manufactures and Switzerland & Singapore recycles reserve power and motive power batteries Aqua Metals9 Nevada and California, USA Lead battery recycling Battery Recyclers of America10 USA Lead acid batteries, lithium ion batteries and more. Approximately 27 million pounds of batteries have been recycled. The company has been in the industry since 2008.

Table 11: Global & Indian Battery Recycling Companies

4 http://www.johnsoncontrols.com/ 5 http://www.g-pbatt.co.uk/corporate.html 6 http://www.retrievtech.com/ 7 https://www.batterysolutions.com/ 8 http://www.enersys.com/GlobalLanding.aspx 9 http://www.aquametals.com/ 10 https://www.batteryrecyclersofamerica.com/ https://investingnews.com/daily/resource-investing/base-metals-investing/lead-investing/3-companies-that- make-and-recycle-batteries/

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Chapter 3: Electric Vehicles – Technology & Infrastructure

What this chapter is all about: This chapter brings you up-to-date on the battery and powertrain ecosystem – batteries, motors, BMS and the EV charging infrastructure. Latest inputs (from India and international) on each of these technology dimensions of the EV ecosystem are provided.

Some inputs and insights from this chapter

Electric vehicles comprise the following components that are distinct from conventional ICE - battery, battery management systems, motor, drive system, cooling systems and EV charging infrastructure

International electric car brands, like the Volt or Tesla, use liquid cooling for the batteries whereas Nissan LEAF has air cooled batteries, hence uses only a small radiator to cool the car’s motor. It probably also uses a cooler for the A/C as well.

Electric vehicles have planetary gear sets and torque converters instead of clutch packs

The Battery Management System ensures that the energy of the battery is optimized to power the product, by minimizing the risk of damaging the battery and controlling the charging and discharging process of the battery

Induction motor and BLDC are the prominent types of motors used by top EV companies like Tata, Mahindra & Tesla Sample Charts & Tables

SAMPLE CHART 3: Specification of Hyundai - IONIQ Electric

Electric Motor Electric Motor Type Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) Electric Motor Max Power (kW / 120 / 88 PS) Electric Motor Torque (Nm/lbs. 295 / 218 ft.) 0-62 mph (seconds) 9.9 (Sport mode) / 10.2 (Normal mode) Top Speed (kmph) 165.76 High Voltage Battery Battery Type Lithium-ion Polymer Battery Power (kW) 98 Battery Capacity (kWh/Ah) 28/78 Voltage 360 Charging

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Charging Port CCS Combo/Type 2 AC Charging 4 hours 25 minutes DC Fast Charging 23-30 minutes On Board Charger 6.6 kW Suspension Front / Rear MacPherson Strut/Torsion Beam Type Steering System Rack and Pinion Motor Driven Power Steering (C-MDPS) Steering wheel lock to lock turns 2.66 Turning Circle (meters) 10.6 Brakes System ABS System with Regenerative Brakes Front / Rear 15” Disc / 15” Disc Tyre Tyre Size 205 / 55 R16 Weights & Capacities Kerb Weight Lightest (kg) 1420

Table 16: Specification of Hyundai - IONIQ Electric

SAMPLE CHART 4: Motors used by prominent EV companies

Company Motor Type Tata 3-phase AC Induction Electric Motor Mahindra 3 phase AC Induction Motor11 Tesla Roadster Permanent Magnet and 3 phase 4 pole AC Induction Motor12 Chevy Volt 200 hp (150 kW)Permanent Magnet Motor

Table 22 : Motors used by major EV companies

11 http://www.mahindraelectric.com/e2oPlus/

12 www.edmunds.com/car-news/auto-industry/2017-tesla-model-3-has-unexpected-electric-motor- design.html

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Chapter 4: Key Stakeholders in EV Industry

What this chapter is all about: Extensive details and data on the global and Indian suppliers for all the components comprising the EV ecosystem – Batteries, Motors and the EV Charging Stations.

Some inputs and insights from this chapter

Key stakeholders in an EV industry include raw material suppliers, suppliers of EV components and charging station, OEMs, distributors, charging station owners, customers and recyclers.

Prominent global leading suppliers of Li-ion batteries for electric vehicle segment include BYD, Panasonic and LG Chem.

As of end 2017, among the suppliers of components of EV charging infrastructure, Aerovironment has taken a leading position in the charger market by partnering with Volvo, Nissan, Ford and others. The leading suppliers of EV Charging Infrastructure are ChargePoint and ABB Group

In the Indian EV industry, OEMs such as Ampere Vehicles make their own motors, chargers and controllers. No OEM however makes Li-ion battery cells in India; these are imported currently.

TVS is using its own battery management system while sourcing individual cells from international suppliers.

While companies like Hero Electric, Hyundai Motor source Li-ion batteries from China or South Korea, Ashok Leyland sources the batteries for its E-buses from USA.

Suppliers of EV Charging Infrastructure in India, which include both technology solution providers and installation support providers like ABB, Exicom and RRT Electro Power is also mentioned in this chapter

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Sample Charts & Tables

SAMPLE CHART 5: EV Market Supply Chain

Figure 40 : EV Market Supply chain

SAMPLE CHART 6: MWh of Batteries Produced by Leading Battery Manufacturers

Battery Manufacturer13 2018 (MWh) CATL 42 K LG Chem 36 K Tesla 34 K BYD 32 Guoxuan High Tech 24 Tianjin Lishen 20 Microvast 15 Panasonic 13 Optimum Battery 11 AESC 8

Table 17: MWh of Batteries Produced by Leading Battery Manufacturers

13 https://cleantechnica.com/2015/05/06/10-biggest-electric-car-battery-manufacturers-are/

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Chapter 5: Major Indian Companies in Indian EV Industry

What this chapter is all about: A comprehensive listing of companies supplying electric vehicles – for all types of vehicles. Detailed inputs are provided on each of the prominent brands from each company, along with overall analyses for each type of EV (2 wheeler, 3 wheeler, cars, buses and others).

Some inputs and insights from this chapter

Some of the prominent companies manufacturing electric bicycles and electric scooters include Ampere Vehicles, Hulikkal Electro India and Electrotherm. While the range of Ampere Vehicles’ e- bicycle “Angel Electric” is 45 kms, the ranges of Hulikkal Avatar E-bike (Hulikkal Electro India) and Yo Teen (Electrotherm) are 25-30 kms and 50 kms respectively

While companies such as Tata and Mahindra have launched fully electric cars, some like Toyota and BMW i8 have started introducing their global hybrid electric car brands into India

Some start-ups involved in manufacturing e-bicycle include GoGreen BOV, VIHAN Electric Vehicles, Volta Motors and Ward Wiz+ard Solutions Pvt. Ltd., while Pi Beams, Lawat Motors LLP and Eco Dynamic Equipments are some prominent start-ups involved in manufacture of electric three- wheelers

Gayam Motor Works, a start-up from Hyderabad also manufactures electric three-wheelers with a unique feature of battery swapping model

Well known mini pickup trucks manufacturing large companies include Tata and Mahindra with their brands - Ace Electric and E-Supro respectively. Heavy electric vehicles like buses and trucks are manufactured by prominent companies like Ashok Leyland, Goldstone and Mahindra

Start-ups such as Mean Metal Motors and Cell Propulsion are also involved in manufacturing fully electric vehicles

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Sample Charts

SAMPLE CHARTS 7: Cost distribution of e bicycle

Cost Distribution of e bicylce (Rs)

Rs 15 K-25K 25%

Rs 25K-35K 75%

Table 43: Graph Showing E-bicycles Distribution by cost

SAMPLE CHARTS 8: Electric Bicycle Share by Type of Battery

Electric Bicycle Share by Type of Battery

Lithium-Ion Battery 43% Lead acid Battery 57%

Figure 42: Electric Bicycle share by type of battery

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SAMPLE CHARTS 9: Cost Distribution of Electric Motorcycle & Scooters

Cost Distribution of Electric Motorcycle & Scooters (Rs)

Rs 1 L & above 18% Rs 30 K - 40 K 29% Rs 80 K-1 L 12%

Rs 50 K-80 K Rs 40 K-50 K 18% 24%

Table 44: Price Distribution of E-scooters & E-bikes

SAMPLE CHARTS 10: Electric Scooter/Bikes Share by Type of Battery

E-scooter/Bikes Battery Types

Lead Acid 47% Lithium Ion 53%

Figure 46 : E-scooter/Bikes Battery Types

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SAMPLE CHARTS 11: Cost Distribution of Three Wheelers

Cost Distribution of three wheelers

Rs 60 K-70 K 33% Rs 1 L and above 50% Rs70 K-80 K 17%

Rs 80 K-90 K 17%

Table 48: Cost Distribution of three wheelers

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Chapter 6: Cost & Economics

What this chapter is all about: Data and analyses for prices of all types of electric vehicles, trend analysis for the prices of Li-ion batteries and capital and O&M cost details for setting up electric vehicle charging stations.

Some inputs and insights from this chapter

Prices of Electric Vehicle in India o Cost of Electric 2 wheelers ranges from Rs 15,000 to 1.5 Lakhs o Cost of Electric 3 wheelers ranges from Rs 90,000 to 2 Lakhs o Cost of Electric 4 wheelers ranges from Rs 7.5 to 9 Lakhs

Prices of Electric Car- Global o Cost of Electric Car ranges from Rs 19.5 Lakhs (Ford Focus Electric) to 91 Lakhs (Tesla Model X)

By 2026, market trends shows a serious drop in battery price as a result electric car start costing less than ICE cars

As of 2018 the indicative charges for a single port normal charging station is in the range of Rs 1.5 Lakhs to Rs 3 Lakhs; fast charging DC stations could cost an order of magnitude higher!

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Sample Charts

SAMPLE CHART 12: Lithium ion Cost Comparison

Table 54: Lithium Ion Cost Comparison

SAMPLE CHART 13 : Distribution of Price of Electric Car by Component

Component % of Total Cost 2018 % of Total Cost 2020 (Estimate) Batteries14 42 35-38 Charger 5-6 4-5 Motor & Gearbox15 5-6 4-5 Drive Independent 40 40-43 Components Others (Chassis, 8 9-10 Cooling/Heating/AC)

Table 39: Distribution of Price of Electric car by component

14 https://www.pwccn.com/en/automotive/pwc-auto-industry-blue-book.pdf

15 https://data.bloomberglp.com/bnef/sites/14/2017/07/BNEF-Lithium-ion-battery-costs-and-market.pdf

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Chapter 7: Investment Opportunities in Electric Vehicles

What this chapter is all about: Analyses of the Indian EV market on strategic dimensions (market needs, drivers, constraints etc.) and based on these, recommendations for investors on the types of opportunities that are likely to emerge during the next 5-7 years (until 2025)

Some inputs and insights from this chapter

India’s electric vehicle industry is still at its nascence when compared with other international markets such as U.S., China & Europe etc. China, being the leader held nearly 50% share of the global electric vehicle market during 2016, with India accounting for just a share of 0.1%

The Union Budget for FY 2017-18 has allocated INR 795 crores for developing EVs

In the Indian electric four wheeler segment, SMEV has stated that as of 2017, Gujarat, West Bengal, UP, Rajasthan and Maharashtra are the top five states to retail electric vehicles in India

Two-wheelers are set to outpace four-wheelers in India’s ambitious drive towards all-electric mobility, as all top scooter and motorcycle manufacturers have lined up their clean-energy products for launch starting 2018

The market for electric bicycles lies primarily in the urban India where there is more affordability and awareness for electric vehicles. Many Indian start –ups have entered the electric bicycle segment since 2016

Central and state government policies will be the key drivers propelling the Indian electric vehicle industry until at least 2022.

Key constraints that affect the growth of electric vehicle segment in India include price, range anxiety, power source, lack of strong policies and incentives and more

The overall electric vehicle market for storage in India is likely to be 4.7 GWh in 2022. Over 50% of the market in 2022 will be driven by e-rickshaw batteries

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Sample Charts

SAMPLE CHART 14: Layout of Strategizing for EV growth

Figure 59: Indian EV Market Size by Vehicle Type

SAMPLE CHART 15: Layout of Strategizing for EV growth

Segment Technology Year 2020 2025 2030 Motorcycles and Non EV 10,409,000 9,260,000 0 Scooter EV 7,352,000 14,035,000 26,514,000 Auto Rickshaws Non EV 616,000 0 0 EV 646,000 2,364,000 4,072,000 Cars and Jeeps Non EV 3,538,000 3,932,000 0 EV 26,000 1,592,000 15,911,000 Total Non EV 14,563,000 13,192,000 0 EV 8,025,000 17,991,000 46,497,000

Table 52: Expected Indian EV Market Size

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Chapter 8: EV Startups – Funding & Partnerships

What this chapter is all about: Latest updates on investments, funding and M&A in the Indian electric vehicle industry.

Some inputs and insights from this chapter

There have been significant action and developments since 2016 in the financing and partnerships of electric vehicles companies

Hero Motors acquired a significant stake in the IIT Madras electric vehicle startup, Ather Energy

TVS acquired 15% stake in electric vehicle startup Ultraviolette Automotive. As part of the deal, the company has invested Rs. 5 crores.

Electric three-wheeler manufacturer Kinetic Green entered into a strategic partnership with shared electric mobility company SmartE to introduce 10,000 electric three-wheelers across the country within the next 18 months.

Ola and Mahindra have partnered with the Government of India in a first-of-its-kind programme to build an electric mass mobility ecosystem in Nagpur which will bring about a transformational change in the automotive and transportation landscape in the country

Milltex Spero, a Coimbatore based company launched its eco-friendly battery run bicycle in 2016 through crowd funding. The product is India’s first crowd funded product. Sample Charts

SAMPLE CHART 16: Details on Funding for Apeiron Mobility

Round Name Amount Date Notable Investors 26 Dec, 2017 INR 20.00 lakhs December 26th 2017 SINE (Society for Innovation and Entrepreneurship) Seed INR 10.00 lakhs February 21st 2017 SINE (IITB Incubator) 07 Sep, 2016 INR 1.00 lakhs September 7th 2016 Giridhar Raju NM and Drakshayani Konduru

Table 55 : Details on Funding for Apeiron Mobility

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Chapter 9: Innovation & R&D

What this chapter is all about: A comprehensive listing of research and innovations happening in India across corporates, startups and universities. Also, brings you up-to-date on relevant and interest EV innovations worldwide that are likely to make a significant impact in the near future.

Some inputs and insights from this chapter

Innovations are happening aplenty globally along the entire electric vehicle value chain. In India too, there are innovations and R&D efforts, though by global standards one should say that the Indian efforts are likely to be less impactful to fundamental EV technologies

Automotive manufacturers globally are investing heavily in research and development to produce advanced BMS solutions for effectively facilitating electrical aging characteristics due to induced vibrations in rechargeable energy storage systems.

Faraday Future, a start-up technology company focused on the development of intelligent electric vehicles, is using COMSOL Multiphysics software, a multiphysics finite element analysis program, to produce cutting-edge electric motors with high power density.

AUDI is developing thin-film solar panels to be fitted into the panoramic glass roofs of its car designs. This technology aims to generate solar energy in order to increase the range of its forthcoming electric vehicles.

PPG has formed a new team to look exclusively at how innovations in paint and coatings can help autonomous and electric vehicles. For electric cars, PPG designed coatings that can store and transfer energy.

StoreDot, Samsung and Auro Robotics (Indian start up by IIT Kharagpur) are working on various electric vehicle innovations in India

Future batteries like Na batteries, Li-S batteries, Li-Air batteries, and all solid-state batteries are also highlighted

Research says out of NMC, LFP & NCA as battery cathode, NMC is a better selection for batteries because of high capacity & high power whereas LFP have specific energy between 90-120(Wh/ kg) & NCA is cost effective but have safety issues because of thermal runaway

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Lithium-ion is expected to remain the technology of choice for the next decade when it is expected to take advantages of a number of improvements to enhance battery performance. Other technology options are expected to become available after 2030.

Several top Indian colleges like IIT Madras, IIT Bombay, and Amrita Vishwa Vidhyapeetham are working on innovative technologies in the Indian EV sector. Sample Charts

SAMPLE CHART 17: Research status of Anode/Cathode Material

Figure 72 : Research status of Anode/Cathode Material

SAMPLE CHART 18: Indian EV Innovation Database

The database lists about 40 companies, with brief details of the following parameters:

 Company Name  Products/Solutions & Unique Features  Location  Web Site

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The following companies are listed, in alphabetical order:

# Company # Company 1 Altigreen Propulsion Labs 20 Mean Metal Motors 2 Apeiron Mobility 21 Menza Motors 3 Ather Energy 22 Meras Plugin 4 ATI Motors 23 Milltex Spero 5 Auro Robotics 24 NDS Eco Motors 6 Cell Propulsion 25 NIBE Motors 7 Earth Energy 26 Octillion 8 Emflux Motors 27 Okinawa Autotech 9 Emotion Motors 28 Pi Beams 10 Esmito Solution 29 SINA Mobility 11 Gayam Motor Works 30 Storm motors 12 Gegadyne Energy 31 Sun Mobility 13 Grinn Tech Motor & Services 32 Tork Motor Cycles 14 Hriman motors 33 TronX Motors 15 Hulikkal Electro India 34 Tunwal E-bike 16 iOKE Motors 35 Twenty Two Motors 17 ION Energy 36 Volta Automotive 18 Lithion Power 37 Ward Wizard Solutions 19 Lithos Motors 38 Yali Mobility

Table 58: List of Innovative startup in India

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Chapter 10: EV Policies (India & Global)

What this chapter is all about: Latest updates on the central government policies and policies of the various state governments. Also, comparison and analyses of Indian policies with those from countries with high EV growth.

Some inputs and insights from this chapter

Starting 2017, there have been a spate of policy announcements for electric vehicles, both from the central government and from select Indian state governments

The National Electric Mobility Mission Plan announced by the central government is the most ambitious plan yet in India for electric mobility

There have not yet been any formal announcements under FAME II (as of Nov 2018) but the government has unveiled a mobility roadmap that seeks investment in manufacturing electric vehicles & fast charging. The Policy will focus on the vehicle which runs on alternative fuel along with electric vehicle. And also encourage the vehicles & component manufacturers to increase the production and sales of the vehicles which run on electricity & alternative fuels such as biodiesel, CNG, Methanol etc

Central Govt has proposed 5500 crore towards EVs and charging infrastructure during the implementation of FAME II scheme

The Karnataka EV policy includes facilitating battery and charging infrastructure manufacturing, which will be valid for a period of five years starting from 2017 to 2022

Uttar Pradesh EV policy aims to create an environment to shift from internal combustion engine to electric vehicle and use of Hybrid EVs in Uttar Pradesh during the transition phase.

In China, the 2018 EV subsidy scheme is in line with the end goal of withdrawing subsidies and pushing automakers to make better electric vehicles.

The Norway Electric vehicle policy includes free toll roads, free public parking and free charging at public charging stations, access to bus lanes, free/reduced fees on ferries

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Sample Charts & Tables

SAMPLE CHART 19: Summary of India EV Policy

State Year of Policy Announced AP 2018 Karnataka 2017-2018 Maharashtra 2018 Tamil Nadu 2018 Telangana 2017 UP 2018

Table 59: Summary of India EV Policy

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Chapter 12: Latest Product Launches in Electric Vehicles Industry

What this chapter is all about: The only compilation of all the product launches that happened at the India Auto Expo earlier in 2018. Details and specifications for these launches are provided along with photographs and other relevant details.

Some inputs and insights from this chapter

The Auto Expo is a biennial automotive show held in New Delhi, India. It is Asia's largest and the world's second-largest auto show. The Auto Expo 2018, a two-day exhibition for prospective automobile buyers and enthusiasts, was held on Feb 9th -14th, 2018. It was a platform for manufacturers and dealers of automobiles to showcase their products under one roof and engage with the buyers directly. The expo showcased cars, two-wheelers, accessories and a special section of luxury cars and motorcycles. The Super Cars displayed were Audi TT, Ford Mustang GT, Jaguar F Face, and BMW. The branded cars took part were Volvo, BMW, Mini Cooper, Hyundai, Suzuki, and Skoda.

The EAI (Energy Alternatives India) received a right set of opportunity to be a part of Auto Expo 2018. Our team have explored and grabbed the new trends and innovations in growing auto industry. The information mentioned below defines around ten various auto model portraits with specifications and sixteen other specifications alone for models which were showcased by various automobile companies. Sample Figure & Tables

SAMPLE CHART 20: List of EV Companies Participated in Auto Expo 2018

List of Companies Participated in Auto Expo 2018 Two Wheelers With Specifications and Photos With Specifications Only 1. Twenty Two Motors - Flow Bird Ebike Segway - X2 2. Hero Electric - CRUZ E2Li Okinawa Scooters 3. Lohia Auto Industries - OMA star Li OYFLY Electric Scooter 4. Tunwal E Vehicle - Strom ZX 5. TVS 6. Vespa Elettrica Three Wheelers 1. Desmoto Electrics - Electric Rickshaw Pubang Etron Electric Motor Pvt. Ltd. - Mini Pickup Trucks 2. Scooters India Limited - Vikram EV Shigan EV - Mini Pickup Trucks - Green Cart 3. Shigan EV - GreenRick Super Lohia Auto - Humrahi Solar Powered E- rickshaw

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4. Mahindra - TREO - E-Rickshaw

Four Wheelers 1. Hyundai - IONIQ Electric Tata motors - Star Bus EV 2. Toyota - Prius PHV JBM 3. Mahindra - Cosmo Tata Motors - Iris EV 4. Tata Motors - Star Bus EV Tata Motors - Magic EV 5. Kia - Soul EV 6. Tata TIGOR EV 7. Goldstone BYD

Table 65: List of companies Participated in Auto Expo 2018

SAMPLE CHART 21: FOR EV SPECIFICATIONS

Specifications of Electric Vehicle -Two Wheelers

Twenty Two Motors - Flow

Figure 1: Twenty Two Motors – Flow Model & Colours

Specification

Max Power 2100 Watt Peak Speed 60 km/h Range 160 km with dual battery Ground Clearance 155 mm Brake System Front & Rear Disc Dimensions 1150*1800*780 mm Loading Capacity 150 kg (2 Adults) Tyre Front 90/90 – 12 Tubeless / Rear 120/70 – 12 Tubeless Front Wheel Alloy Speedometer Digital

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Battery Li-ion Controller FOC Charging Time Full Charge in 4-5 hrs/Fast Charge up to 70% in 1 hr Smart App Mobile App & Artificial Intelligence Suspensions Telescopic Anti-Theft GPS & GPRS Lights All LED Lights & Projector Head Lamp Storage Capacity 25 Litres Colours

Table 4: Specification for Twenty Two Motors – Flow

Hero Electric – CRUZ E2 Li

Figure 77: Hero Electric - CRUZ E2 Li Specification

Motor 250 Watt BLDC Hub Motor Top Speed 25 km/h Battery Type 48 Volt 20 Ah Range 70 km/charge Battery Type Lithium ion Charging Time 4-5 hrs (Fully Empty Battery) Wheel Size 10*3 inch Weight 69 kg Table 67: Specifications for Hero Electric - CRUZ E2 Li

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Specifications of Electric Vehicle –Three Wheelers

Shigan EV – GreenRick Super

Figure 81: Shigan EV - GreenRick Super Specification

Model GreenRick Super Max Speed 40 km/hr Speedometer Analog / Digital Seating Capacity 1 Driver + 4 Passenger Gear Ratio 1:8.4’ High Speed Gear Ratio 1.16’ GVW (kg) 704 kg Dimensions Wheel Base (mm) 2190 Overall Width (mm) 956 Overall Length (mm) 2800 Overall Height (mm) 1680 Transmission Automatic Torque Multiplier Ground 125 mm Battery Lead Acid / Lithium ion Trip Meter in Single Charge 100 kms Charger 48 V / 12 Amp Controller Micro Processor Shock Absorber Front Telescopic Shock Absorber Back Telescopic Braking System Front Drum / Oil Brake Back Drum / Oil Brake Table 71: Specification for Shigan EV - GreenRick Super

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Specifications of Electric Vehicle – Four Wheeler

Toyota – Prius PHV

Figure 83: Toyota - Prius PHV Specification

Transmission Type E-CVT (Electronically-controlled Continuously Variable Transmission) Dimensions 4.645 m (l) * 1.760 m (w) * 1.470 m (h) Wheelbase 2.70 m Engine Type 2ZR-FXE, 16-valve DOHC with dual VVT-i Displacement 1798 cm3 (cc) Max. Output 72 kW @ 5200 rpm Max. Torque 142 Nm @ 3600 rpm

Advantages of Driving Prius PHV  Reduce the CO2 emissions produced while driving to nearly zero  Can be charged while on the go, increasing the range of use of EV Mode  PHV can provide electrical power not only in the event of a natural disaster but also during leisure and recreation  Vehicle’s electric power can be charged just by parking it under sun

Table 73: Specifications for Toyota - Prius PHV

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Chapter 13: India EV Database

What this chapter is all about: A massive compilation (almost 200 pages!) of data, company and product profiles that covers almost every prominent Indian electric vehicle company. A must-have reference for any business interested in the Indian EV sector.

The Indian Electric Vehicle market is on the anvil of fast growth. Recognizing this, many Indian entrepreneurs are keen on venturing into this exciting electric vehicle segment. To assist the entrepreneurs and other businesses in understanding the growing electric vehicle industry, EAI has come up with this comprehensive list of Indian electric vehicle industry stakeholders – India EV Database Through extensive research, the team has been able to collect relevant inputs which would be beneficial for the new entrant. For the convenience and benefit of the reader, we have also provided detailed product specifications for many companies. Overview of Companies discussed

SAMPLE CHART TABLE 22: Overview of Companies discussed

Electric Two Wheelers TVS Motor Menza Motors Honda Motorcycle & Scooter India SINA Mobility Electrotherm Hulikkal Electro India Tunwal E-vehicles Tork Motorcycles UM Lohia Two Wheelers Pvt. Ltd. Milltex Spero Ather Energy Volta Motors Twenty Two Motors Ajanta Manufacturing Ltd. Okinawa Autotech Pvt. Ltd. GoGreen BOV Electric Three Wheelers Bajaj Auto Shigan EV Scooters India Ltd. Pi Beam Labs Goenka Electric Vehicles Pvt. Ltd. Gayatri Electric Vehicles Volta Automotive India Pvt. Ltd. Pubang Etron Electric Motor Private Limited Electric Four Wheelers Hyundai Motor India Tata Motors Toyota India Honda Cars India Ltd. BMW India Volvo Cars India Maruti Suzuki Mean Metal Motors Electric Buses

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Ashok Leyland JBM Goldstone Companies that make Multiple Types of EVs Hero Electric Gayam Motor Works Mahindra Electric Ultraviolette Automotive Kinetic Green Speedways Electric Lohia Auto Industries EcoDynaamic Equipments Emflux Motors Xxplore Automotive Ampere Vehicles Jitendra Motors Shriram Astral Motors Panther Electric Vehicles EV Components & Support Solutions EV Component Suppliers EV Support Solution Providers Amaron/Amara Raja TUV Rheinland Crompton Greaves ABB India Exide Industries Tata Power BHEL Fortum Elcom International Pvt. Ltd. NATRiP Rotomag ARCI Axiom Energy International Centre for Automotive Technology ION Energy ARAI Napino Auto & Electronics Ltd. India Energy Storage Alliance Gegadyne Energy Sun Mobility Agastya Automotives Pvt. Ltd. ACME Denso India Lithion Power Altigreen Propulsion Labs Hero Future Energies

Table 93: Overview of companies discussed

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A Section on Overall Takeaways

At the end of the report, our consulting and research experts have distilled all the inputs and data provided in the comprehensive report into a concise set takeaways and suggestions for Indian businesses and investors keen on actionable inferences and recommendations.

The key takeaways are provided for the following aspects:

 Sales trends  Product potential  Value-chain focus o Lead Acid vs. Li-ion batteries o Battery swapping Vs Battery charging o Electric Vehicle Motor  Startups & Innovation  Policies & Incentives  Our Overall Inference on the Business Case of EVs for Businesses

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Our Partial List of Clients

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