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National Renewable Energy Action Plan for Turkey

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National Renewable Energy Action Plan for Turkey December 2014 NATIONAL RENEWABLE ENERGY ACTION PLAN FOR TURKEY The Directive 2009/28/EC of The European Parliament and of The Council of 23 April 2009 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources and amending and subsequently repealing Directives 2001/77/EC and 2003/30/EC sets. • Ambitious targets for all Member States, such that the EU will reach a 20% share of energy from renewa- ble sources by 2020 and a 10% share of renewable energy specifically in the transport sector • The requirement to develop national action plans that establish targets for the share of energy from renewable sources consumed in transport, electricity and heating and cooling in 2020 (Article 4). The Annex VI of the above mentioned Directive establis- hes the content for national renewable energy action plans and the methodology for their preparation. Based on this methodology, The Government of The Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources and Yenilenebilir Enerji Genel Müdürlüğü, has carried out the National Renewable Energy Action Plan for the period 2013-2023. The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (“EBRD”), with the support of The Government of The King- dom of Spain and Deloitte, Touche & Tohmatsu (“Deloitte”), has collaborated with The Ministry of Energy and Yenilene- bilir Enerji Genel Müdürlüğü in elaborating this Plan. With the support of Table of contents 1 National renewable energy strategy 7 4.3 Plans to support and promote the use of 1.1 Rationale 8 energy from renewable resources in electricity 1.2 Summary of the national policy on applied by Turkey 50 energy from renewable energy sources 10 Legislation 50 1.2.1 Current national policy on renewable energy 11 Specific questions for feed-in fixed tariffs 53 1.2.2 Commission Staff Working Document. Specific questions on financial support to European Commission Guidance for the renewable energy projects 56 Design of renewables support schemes. 4.4 Plans to support and promote the use of November 5, 2013 13 energy from renewable resources in heating 1.2.3 Objective of the Renewable Energy and cooling applied by Turkey 56 National Action Plan (REAP) 14 Legislation 57 Financial support 58 2 Expected energy consumption, 2013 – 2023 15 4.5 Plans to support and promote the use of energy from renewable resources in transport 3 Renewable energy targets and trajectories 21 applied by Turkey 59 3.1 Overall national target 22 Legislation 60 3.2 Sectorial targets and trajectories 23 Financial support 61 4.6 Specific measures for the promotion of the 4 Measures for achieving the targets 25 use of energy from biomass 62 4.1A Overview of all policies and measures to 4.6.1 Biomass supply 62 promote the use of energy from renewable 4.6.2 Measures to increase biomass availability, resources 26 taking into account other biomass users 4.1B Incentives to promote new investments in Turkey 30 (agriculture and forest-based sectors) 63 4.1C Feed-in Tariff 30 4.7 Planned use of statistical transfers between 4.1D Management of licensing and authorizing Turkey and Member States and planned procedures 31 participation in joint projects with other 4.1E National Energy Efficiency Action Plan (NEEAP) 32 countries 65 4.2 Specific measures to fulfill the requirements under Articles 13, 14, 16 and Articles 17 to 21 of 5 Assessments 66 Directive 2009/28/EC 33 5.1 Total expected contribution by each renewable 4.2.1 Administrative procedures and spatial energy technology to meet the binding 2023 planning (Article 13(1) targets and the indicative interim trajectory of Directive 2009/28/EC) 33 of energy shares from renewable resources 4.2.2 Technical specifications (Article 13(2) in electricity, heating & cooling and of Directive 2009/28/EC) 39 transportation 67 4.2.3 Buildings (Article 13(3) 5.2 Total contribution expected from energy of Directive 2009/28/EC) 39 efficiency and energy saving measures 4.2.4 Information provisions (Articles 14(1), to meet the binding 2023 targets and the 14(2) and 14(4) of Directive 2009/28/EC) 41 indicative interim trajectory for the shares 4.2.5 Certification of installers (Article 14(3) of energy from renewable sources 71 of Directive 2009/28/EC) 42 5.3 Assessments of the impact 71 4.2.6 Electricity infrastructure development 43 5.4 Preparation of the National Renewable Energy 4.2.7 Electricity network operation Action Plan and the follow-up of its (Article 16(2) and Article 16(7) implementation 72 and (8) of Directive 2009/28/EC) 47 4.2.8 Biogas integration into the natural gas 6 Bibliography 74 network (Article 16(7) and Article 16(9) and (10) of Directive 2009/28/EC) 48 4.2.9 District heating and cooling infrastructure development (Article 16(11) of Directive 2009/28/EC) 48 4.2.10 Biofuels and other bioliquids – sustainability criteria and verification of compliance 21 of Directive 2009/28/EC. 49 3 | National Renewable Energy Action Plan for Turkey Figures Figure 1: Primary Energy Consumption in Turkey, Figure 18: Details of the New Investment Incentive recent data and forecast for 2023. Source: Program 30 Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources 8 Figure 19: List of administrative procedures Figure 2: Consumption of electricity in Turkey: to install new renewable power capacity 33 recent data and forecast. Source: TEİAŞ 8 Figure 20: Adaptation of the transmission Figure 3: Electricity generation structure in Turkey: infrastructure commitment, TEİAŞ 44 production and installed capacity. Source: TEİAŞ 9 Figure 21: Current international grid interconnections 44 Figure 4: Renewable energy production. Source: Eurostat 9 Figure 22: Planned international grid interconnections Figure 5a: Evolution of renewable energy regulations to be developed 45 and policies in Turkey including the most important energy efficiency regulations 11 Figure 23: Legislation and national authority 49 Figure 5b: Evolution of energy efficiency regulations Figure 24: Renewable energies for electricity generation: and policies in Turkey 11 concrete obligations/targets per year (per technology) from 2013-2023 52 Figure 6: The Evolution of Turkey’s GDP (in current prices) Source: IMF and Turkstat 16 Figure 25: Feed-in tariff in Turkey for Renewable Energy 54 Figure 7: Potential GDP growth rate of Turkey 16 Figure 26: Incentive scheme for renewable energies to produce electricity 55 Figure 8: Primary Energy Consumption in Turkey 17 Figure 27: Heating and cooling: concrete Figure 9: Primary Energy in Turkey 17 obligations/targets per year (per technology) 2013-2023 following the methodology established Figure 10: Primary energy consumption versus in the Directive 2009/28/EC on the Promotion GDP | Sources: BP and IMF (historical data), of the Use of Energy from Renewable Sources 57 and Deloitte (forecast) 17 Figure 28: Transportation: concrete estimations/targets Figure 11: Turkish Electricity Consumption: per year (per technology), 2013-2023 (Base Year 2012) 60 Recent and Forecasted 17 Figure 29: Natural gas projection in 2023 71 Figure 12: Final Energy Consumption in the Transportation Sector. Source: Eurostat Figure 30: CO2 emissions avoided by REAP (recent data) and International Energy Agency (IEA) implementation 72 and Deloitte (forecast) 18 Figure 13: Breakdown of energy supply for the Transportation Sector. Source: Eurostat 18 Figure 14: Electricity generation and installed capacity: 2013 data, 2023 forecast and increases 18 Figure 15: Electricity generation and installed capacity: 2013 data and 2023 forecast and increases 19 Figure 16: Electricity generation and installed capacity from renewable sources: 2013 data and 2023 forecast 19 Figure 17: Regions of Turkey according to incentive plan 30 4 | National Renewable Energy Action Plan for Turkey Tables Table 1: Expected gross final energy consumption Table 11: Estimates of total expected contribution of Turkey for electricity, heating and cooling and (final energy consumption) by renewable energy transportation up until 2023 taking into account technology in Turkey to meet its binding 2023 the effects of energy efficiency and energy targets; and the indicative interim trajectory saving measures 20 (2012-2023) of energy shares from renewable resources in heating and cooling (ktoe) 69 Table 2: Overall national target for the share of energy from renewable sources in gross final Table 12: Estimate of the total contribution expected consumption of energy in 2010 and 2023 in Turkey by technology from the use of renewable (figures to be transcribed from Annex I, energy sources, with regard to the binding targets Part A to Directive 2009/28/EC) 22 for 2023; and the indicative trajectory (2013-2023) of energy shares from renewable sources, in the Table 3: National target for 2023 and the expected transportation sector in (1000 toe) 70 progression of renewable sources in the sectors of electricity, heating and cooling, and transportation 23 Table 4a: Calculation table for each sector’s contribution to the share of renewable energy in final consumption of energy 24 Table 4b: Calculation table for the share of renewable energy in the transportation sector 24 Table 5: Overview of all plans and measures 26 Table 7: Biomass supply (m3 as FM/tFM/OIL or ktoe) 62 Table 7a: Estimated biomass domestic supply for the electricity and heating and cooling sectors in 2018 (other EU = 2015) and 2023 (other EU = 2020) (m3 as FM/tFM/Oil or thousand toe) 63 Table 10a: Estimate of total expected contribution (installed capacity, gross electricity generation) by renewable energy technology in Turkey to meet its binding 2023; targets and the indicative interim trajectory (2013-2017) of energy shares from renewable resources in electricity 68 Table 10b: Estimates of total expected contribution (installed capacity, gross electricity generation) by renewable energy technology in Turkey to meet its binding 2023 targets; and the indicative interim trajectory (2018-2023) of energy shares from renewable resources in electricity 68 In order to make it comparable to other National Renewable Energy Action Plans, the Tables included in the National Renewable Energy Action Plan for Turkey are in accordance with the template for National Renewa- ble Energy Action Plan under Directive 2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (2009/548/EC.
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