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20140011750.Pdf Contents Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science Directorate ......................................................1 Eileen K. Stansbery, Ph.D. Astromaterials Research Office (KR) ................................................................................................3 Overview ..........................................................................................................................................3 David S. Draper, Ph.D., Manager Improved Measurement of Ejection Velocities From Craters Formed in Sand ...............................5 Mark J. Cintala, Terry Byers, Francisco Cardenas, Roland Montes, Elliot E. Potter New Martian Meteorite Is One of the Most Oxidized Found to Date .............................................8 Hejiu Hui, Anne Peslier, Thomas J. Lapen, John T. Shafer, Alan D. Brandon, Anthony J. Irving Shock Effects on Cometary-Dust Simulants..................................................................................10 Susan M. Lederer, Elizabeth Jensen, Diane H. Wooden, Sean S. Lindsay, Douglas H. Smith, Keiko Nakamura-Messenger, Lindsay P. Keller, Francisco Cardenas, Mark J. Cintala, Roland Montes Mars Habitability, Biosignature Preservation, and Mission Support ............................................12 Dorothy Z. Oehler, Carlton C. Allen Early Life on Earth and the Search for Extraterrestrial Biosignatures ..........................................15 Dorothy Z. Oehler, Christopher House Water Content of Earth’s Continental Mantle Is Controlled by the Circulation of Fluids or Melts .....................................................................................................................17 Anne Peslier, Alan B. Woodland, David R. Bell, Marina Lazarov, Thomas J. Lapen Water in the Oldest Lunar Rocks: Moon Is “Wetter” Than Previously Thought .........................20 Hejiu Hui, Anne Peslier, Youxue Zhang, Clive Neal Magnetic Nozzle Effects on Plasma Plumes .................................................................................22 Frans H. Ebersohn, John V. Shebalin Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence and the Geodynamo ..............................................................24 John V. Shebalin i Constraining Early Planetary Differentiation: The Link Between Chondrites and Achondrites Revealed From the Study of Aubrite Meteorites.................................................26 David van Acken, Munir Humayun, Alan D. Brandon, Anne Peslier Probing Asteroid (4) Vesta, Part 1: Dawn Mission Science .........................................................27 David W. Mittlefehldt Probing Asteroid (4) Vesta, Part 2: Meteorites From Vesta .........................................................30 David W. Mittlefehldt Small-Scale Impact Processes on Stony Asteroids ........................................................................33 Mark J. Cintala, Fredrich Hörz, David W. Mittlefehldt, Francisco Cardenas Astromaterials Acquisition and Curation Office (KT)...................................................................35 Overview ........................................................................................................................................35 Carlton Allen, Ph.D., Astromaterials Curator, Manager Collecting Comet Samples by ER-2 Aircraft: Cosmic Dust Collection During the Draconid Meteor Shower in October 2012 ........................................................................37 R. Bastien, P. J. Burkett, M. Rodriguez, D. Frank, C. Gonzalez, G.-A. Robinson, M. Zolensky, P. Brown, M. Campbell-Brown, S. Broce, M. Kapitzke, T. Moes, D. Steel, T. Williams, D. Gearheart GeoLab: A Geological Workstation for Future Missions .............................................................40 Cynthia Evans, Michael Calaway, Mary Sue Bell, Zheng Li, Shuo Tong, Ye Zhong, Ravi Dahiwala Dividing the Concentrator Target From the Genesis Mission .......................................................44 H. V. Lauer Jr., P. J. Burkett, S. J. Clemett, C. P. Gonzales, K. Nakamura-Messenger, M. C. Rodriguez, T. H. See, B. Sutter The Apollo Lunar Sample Image Collection: Digital Archiving and Online Access ...................46 Nancy S. Todd, Gary E. Lofgren, William L. Stefanov, Patricia A. Garcia Human Exploration Science Office (KX) ........................................................................................51 Overview ........................................................................................................................................51 Tracy A. Calhoun, Manager Imagery Integration Team..............................................................................................................53 Tracy Calhoun, Dave Melendrez Advancements in Capsule Parachute Analysis ..............................................................................56 David Bretz ii Solving Problems Caused by Small Micrometeoroid and Orbital Debris Impacts for Space-Walking Astronauts.......................................................................................................60 E. L. Christiansen, D. M. Lear Toughened Thermal Blankets for Micrometeoroid and Orbital Debris Protection .......................63 Eric Christiansen, Dana Lear Shell-NASA Vibration-Based Damage Characterization ..............................................................66 John Michael Rollins Orbital Debris Mitigation Requirements and the GRAIL Spacecraft ............................................68 Nicholas Johnson and Gene Stansbery Origin of the Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee .............................................70 Nicholas Johnson Effectiveness of Satellite Postmission Disposal To Limit Orbital Debris Population Growth in Low Earth Orbit ...................................................................................72 J.-C. Liou An Analysis of the FY-1C, Iridium 33, and Cosmos 2251 Fragments ..........................................75 J.-C. Liou Detection of Optically Faint GEO Debris ......................................................................................77 P. Seitzer, S. Lederer, E. Barker, H. Cowardin, K. Abercromby, J. Silha, A. Burkhardt Coring the Wide-Field Planetary Camera 2 Radiator for Impactor Trace Residue Assessment .......................................................................................................80 Phillip Anz-Meador and J.-C. Liou Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle Camera Asset Planning: Imagery Previsualization ........................86 K. Beaulieu NASA Extreme Environment Mission Operations: Science Operations Development for Human Exploration ............................................................................................................88 Mary Sue Bell The 2012 Moon and Mars Analog Mission ...................................................................................91 Lee Graham Seeing Earth Through the Eyes of an Astronaut ............................................................................95 Melissa Dawson iii CEO Sites Mission Management System (SMMS) .......................................................................97 Mike Trenchard STK Integrated Message Production List Editor (SIMPLE) for CEO Operations ......................100 Mike Trenchard, James Heydorn Rewriting the Landform History of One of Africa’s Three Largest Basins ................................103 Justin Wilkinson Megafans and Trumpeter Bird Biodiversity—Psophia Phylogeography and Landscape Evolution in Amazonia Justin Wilkinson .....................................................................................................................106 The International Space Station: A Unique Platform for Remote Sensing of Natural Disasters William L. Stefanov, Cynthia A. Evans ..................................................................................108 Clearance Analysis of Node 3 Aft CBM to the Stowed FGB Solar Array Donn Liddle ...........................................................................................................................111 Clearance Analysis of CTC2 (on ESP4) to S-TRRJ HRS Radiator Rotation Envelope Donn Liddle ...........................................................................................................................117 Analyzing an Aging ISS R. Scharf .................................................................................................................................122 ARES Education and Public Outreach ..........................................................................................125 Jaclyn Allen, Charles Galindo, Paige Graff, and Kim Willis ARES Directorate Contacts ............................................................................................................135 iv Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science Directorate Eileen K. Stansbery, Ph.D. Since the return of the first lunar samples, what is now the Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science (ARES) Directorate has had curatorial responsibility for all NASA-held extraterrestrial materials. Originating during the Apollo Program (1960s), this capability at Johnson Space Center (JSC) included scientists who were responsible for the science planning and training of astronauts for lunar surface activities as well as experts in the analysis and preservation of the precious returned samples. Today, ARES conducts research in basic and applied space and planetary science, and its scientific staff represents a broad diversity of expertise in the physical sciences (physics, chemistry, geology, astronomy),
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