Geographical Variation of Skull Size and Shape in Various Populations in the Black Giant Squirrel
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Threatened Rodent Species of Arunachal Pradesh
International Journal of Agriculture, Environment & Biotechnology Citation: IJAEB: 6(4): 657-668 December 2013 DOI Number 10.5958/j.2230-732X.6.4.046 ©2013 New Delhi Publishers. All rights reserved Environmental Science Threatened Rodent Species of Arunachal Pradesh M.M. Kumawat1*, K.M. Singh1, Debashish Sen1and R.S. Tripathi2 1College of Horticulture and Forestry Central Agricultural University, Pasighat- 791 102 Arunachal Pradesh, India 2Project Coordinator, All India Network Project on Rodent Control, Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur-342 003, India Email: [email protected] Paper No. 166 Received: September 12, 2013 Accepted: November 02, 2013 Published: November 29, 2013 Abstract The rodents are important animals in food chain and play an important role in the ecosystem. They also serve as prey for many important and endangered carnivorous and make up almost 40% of the mammalian species. They are essential part in the regeneration of forests. In Arunachal Pradesh, there are three types of forest i.e. tropical, subtropical and alpine experienced with different climate. Such type of environment is favourable for multiplication of rats, squirrels and porcupines, even though, their population is decreasing day by day due to indiscriminate hunting. Most of the squirrels and porcupines are hunted for meat, furs, skin, teeth and quills. Field surveys were conducted in different districts of Arunachal Pradesh for the present review. The presence of squirrels and porcupines were observed by direct sighting with the help of binocular or by hearing calls. Information was also collected through interaction of local people and forest staffs. The major threats for rodents are consequences due to hunting for meat, shifting agriculture (Jhum), deforestation, human settlements and infrastructure development in forest areas. -
Mammals Seen at Taman Negara NP, Malaysia, 11
MammalsseenatTamanNegaraNP,Malaysia,11Ͳ16June2012 ByPaulCarter ThisreportliststhemammalsseenbymyselfandDaveSargeantonour5dayvisittoTamanNegaraNP.Wespent 4nightsintheKualaTahanareaandthen2nightsatSungaiRelau(seethenotesattheendofthereportonareas visitedandlogistics).Wesaw22mammals,125birdsand3snakes.Foranyqueriesandcorrectionsonthisreport [email protected]. Davesdetailedreportonthebirdrecordsisavailableathttp://norththailandbirding.com/.Birdsseenincluded LargeFrogmouth,BarredEagleͲOwl,JambuFruitDoveandGarnetPitta. MAMMALLIST EnglishandlatinnamesusedarethosegiveninthemammalSpeciesoftheWorldlist(version3)byWilsonand Reeder(2005):athttp://www.bucknell.edu/msw3/. Alternatecommonnames(fromAFieldGuidetotheMammalsofThailandandSouthͲeastAsiabyCMFrancis, 2008)areshowninbracketsinthelistbelow. 1ͲCommonTreeͲshrew(Tupaiaglis) 2012Ͳ06Ͳ12.KualaTahanvillage,atahouseneartheschool. 2ͲCrabͲeatingMacaque(Macacafascicularis)Ͳ(LongͲtailedMacaque) 2012Ͳ06Ͳ15.TahanHide. 2012Ͳ06Ͳ15.SungaiRelauArea,aroundtheNPChalets. 3ͲWhiteͲthighedSurili(Presbytissiamensis)(WhiteͲthighedLangur) 2012Ͳ06Ͳ13.KumbangHide;andthetrailtothehidefromKualaTerenggan. 4ͲBlackGiantSquirrel(Ratufabicolor) 2012Ͳ06Ͳ16.SungaiRelauArea;ontheNegeramTrail. 5ͲGrayͲbelliedSquirrel(Calloscuriuscaniceps) 2012Ͳ06Ͳ12.Mutiararesort.Verycommonherebutnotseenelsewhere. 6ͲPlantainSquirrel(Callosciurusnotatus) 2012Ͳ06Ͳ12.OnthetrackfromMutiararesorttotheCanopyWalkway. 7ͲBlackͲstripedSquirrel(Callosciurusnigrovittatus)Ͳ(SundaBlackͲbandedSquirrel) 2012Ͳ06Ͳ12.KumbangHide.Oneenteredthehideearlymorningsandtheevenings,afterfood.Photobelow. -
Gharial News Letter A-W Final Backup Copy-01 Ra
INDIA NEWSLETTER JULY - SEPTEMBER 2012 NEWSLETTER IND PANDA 2012 IND SG & CEO’S FOREWORD Dear friends, On a weekend like any other in June, I received this message that pleasantly conveyed, more than adequately, the understated excitement of its bearer - “Traced to Aligarh - nearly 400 km downstream from Hastinapur!” The message had been sent by Sanjeev Yadav, Senior Project Officer with WWF-India, who had been attempting to capture a female gharial that had swum a distance of nearly 400 km through the Ganga canal system, from Hastinapur to an area in Aligarh district. The gharial had finally been located, but after much clamour. A regular racket had been created, and yet this was a happy noise that had been raised - one that we would hope to be caused for other threatened species as well. People did not merely cooperate; they went out of their way to assist the team from WWF-India. The township of Sikandarpur extended heartwarming hospitality and both the media and the Uttar Pradesh Forest Department proved accommodating and supportive. The greatest feat however, was undertaken by the Irrigation Department that so generously offered to lower the level of water in the canal to facilitate the search. Battling the monsoon and other impediments to their pursuit, the team was able to successfully recapture and release the gharial back in Hastinapur. The cause of this transformative effect, more than the confluence of various sections of people that facilitated it, was their desire for such transformation. Nature gives us this incredible capacity - to take our weaknesses and turn them into verve, if only we so desire. -
Zeitschrift Für Säugetierkunde)
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Mammalian Biology (früher Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde) Jahr/Year: 1998 Band/Volume: 63 Autor(en)/Author(s): Duckworth J. W. Artikel/Article: A survey of large mammals in the central Annamite mountains of Laos 238-250 © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/ Z. Säugetierkunde 63 (1998) 239-250 ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR © 1998 Gustav Fischer SÄUGETIERKUNDE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY A survey of large mammals in the central Annamite mountains of Laos By J. W. Duckworth Wildlife Conservation Society Lao Program Receipt of Ms. 15. 04. 1997 Acceptance of Ms. 14. 01. 1998 Abstract Large mammals were surveyed using direct Observation in montane Laos during April-May 1996 in lit- tle-disturbed evergreen forest in and around the Nakay-Nam Theun National Biodiversity Conserva- tion Area (NBCA). Survey focussed on one road, where low hunting pressure and excellent viewing conditions gave the truest representation of relative species Status at any Lao site yet surveyed. More large mammal species have been found there than in some entire NBCAs; the total of 15 species of car- nivore is especially noteworthy. Nocturnal contact rates (if lorises are excluded from the comparison) were the highest of any Lao site yet surveyed. Encounter rates by day were also high. Totais of nine Globally Threatened, three Data Deficient and six Nationally At Risk species are of outstanding con- servation importance. Many have large populations and some have not otherwise been seen in the field on a recent survey programme in Laos. -
Habit and Habitat of Squirrels in Bangladesh
ISSN 2349-7823 International Journal of Recent Research in Life Sciences (IJRRLS) Vol. 2, Issue 1, pp: (41-44), Month: January - March 2015, Available at: www.paperpublications.org Habit and Habitat of Squirrels in Bangladesh Antara S. Adhri1, Asma Sultana2, Sadniman Rahman3 1, 2, 3 Department of Zoology University Of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh Abstract: To fulfill our interest, we tried our best to observe the current status of squirrels in Bangladesh. In Bangladesh there are generally 8 species of squirrels which are different in size, color but same in food habit are found. From them, we observed that Pallas’s Squirrel (Callosciurus erythraeus), Irrawady Squirrel (Callosciurus pygerythrus), Three Stripped Palm Squirrel (Funambulus palmarum) and Five stripped Palm Squirrel (Funambulus pennantii) are widely distributed. A large number of variations were observed during winter and summer as we preferred these 2 seasons for our field study. All of them are frugivorous and sometimes feed on grass flowers too. Sometimes taking Insects as food fulfill the necessity of protein. Keywords: Squirrels, habit, habitat, status, Bangladesh. 1. INTRODUCTION Bangladesh is a country in South Asia. It is bordered by India to its west, north and east; Burma to its southeast and separated from Nepal and Bhutan by the Chicken’s Neck corridor. To its south, it faces the Bay of Bengal. As a result of its position a huge variety can be seen in the wildlife of Bangladesh. There is also a wide variety of animal diversity to be found also. Bangladesh is enriched with 89 mammals. Of which 3 are critically endangered, 12 are endangered, 16 are vulnerable, and 4 are near-threatened. -
Ratufa Indica (Erxleben, 1777) Received: 09-01-2017 Accepted: 10-02-2017 and Ratufa Macroura Pennant, 1769
Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2017; 5(2): 983-985 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 Identification of hairs of Ratufa bicolor JEZS 2017; 5(2): 983-985 © 2017 JEZS (Sparrman, 1778), Ratufa indica (Erxleben, 1777) Received: 09-01-2017 Accepted: 10-02-2017 and Ratufa macroura Pennant, 1769 Manokaran Kamalakannan Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, Manokaran Kamalakannan India Abstract Characteristics of hair of three giant squirrel species namely, Ratufa bicolor, R. indica and R. macroura was evaluated using the optical light microscope for its species identification. This study was conducted at the Mammal & Osteology section of Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata during January – July, 2016. Although the microscopic hair of three species studied showed almost similar characteristics, the cuticular scales and shape of cross-section of hair of R. bicolor was varied among the species. The other two remaining species can be differentiated by combination of other hair characteristics. The high- resolution photo-micrographs and key characteristics of hair were presented in the present study can be used as an appropriate reference for species identification. Keywords: Ratufa bicolor, Ratufa indica, Ratufa macroura, hair characteristics 1. Introduction There are three species of giant squirrels found in India namely black giant squirrel Ratufa bicolor (Sparrman, 1778), Indian giant squirrel Ratufa indica (Erxleben, 1777) and grizzled giant squirrel Ratufa macroura Pennant, 1769 [1]. These giant squirrels differentiated from other squirrels by its size and richest colour pelage [5]. The pelage colour varies among the three species, the R. bicolor is having a deep brown or blackish coat on upperparts with buff- coloured underparts; R. -
Sciuridae Density and Impacts of Forest Disturbance in the Sabangau Tropical Peat-Swamp Forest, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia
Sciuridae density and impacts of forest disturbance in the Sabangau Tropical Peat-Swamp Forest, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia Charlotte Schep 10,056 words Thesis submitted for the degree of MSc Conservation, Dept of Geography, UCL (University College London) August, 2014 August, 2014 [email protected] Sciuridae density and impacts of forest disturbance in the Sabangau Tropical Peat-Swamp Forest, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia Name & Student Number: Charlotte Schep - 1012214 Supervisor: Julian Thompson ABSTRACT The investigation of aimed to broaden the knowledge of Sciuridae in the Sabangau at the Natural Laboratory of Peat Swamp Forest (NLSPF). The wider surrounding area is known to contain the largest remaining contiguous lowland forest‐block on Borneo, which provides a refuge for its high biodiversity as well as threatened endemic species such as the Bornean Orang-utan. The research compared two sites, one of more pristine and untouched peat-swamp forest and the other more influenced by edge effects, for density and richness of squirrel species. The differences in vegetation structure were investigated using canopy cover and diameter at breast height data and the squirrel density surveys used line-transect (later analysed using the DISTANCE software). The results confirmed the hypothesized differences between the two sites, with a lower encounter rate and density observed on the outer transects (1.7 sq/km; 0.74) and higher on the inner transects (2.6 sq/ km; 0.84). Moreover the results highlighted squirrel preferences for higher and interconnected canopy cover and an increased density of mature fruiting trees. An analysis of the literature context revealed a lack of research in this area particularly in comparison with other flagship species in Borneo. -
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Rec. zool. Surv. India: 110(Part-3) : 37-57, 2010 TRICHOTAXONOMY OF INDIAN SPECIES OF GENUS RATUFA GRAY (MAMMALIA: RODENTIA: SCIURIDAE) ARCHANA BAHUGUNA Northern Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, 218 Kaulagarh Road, Dehra Dun, Uttarakhand INTRODUCTION in peninsular India. and in parts of Sri Lanka. The Sri Oriental giant squirrels (Genus Ratufa) belong to Lankan race is R. macroura dandolena (Menon 2003). subfamily Ratufinae and are found in parts of South Abbreviations: SP : Scale pattern, SM : Scale margin, and South-east Asia. There are four species of oriental DS : distance between scales. giant squirrels : Ratufa affinis (Raffles) (Pale Giant Ratufa macroura (Pennant) Grizzled Giant Squirrel, Squirrel), Ratufa bicolor (Sparrman) (Malaya Giant is listed as IUCN VU Ale ver 2.3 (1994), CAMP VU Squirrel), Ratufa indica (Erxleben) (Indian Giant Squirrel) A2c, 3c,4c; D; IWPA I, CITES Appendix II, population and Ratufa macroura (Pennant) (Grizzled Giant Squirrel). trend indeterminate (Kumar and Khanna 2006). Ratufa affinis (Raffles) (Pale Giant Squirrel) is found Very little study so far has been done on the in Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand trichotaxonomy of the species of family Sciuridae (Krapp 1998). (Bahuguna, 2007), a group largely being poached The Malayan Giant Squirrel, Ratufa bicolor throughout world for its skin. Trichotaxonomy is well (Sparrman) is at home on the Indian subcontinent, north known for its utility in wildlife forensic science (Anon of the Ganges in Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan and Assam; 1995, Chakraborty and De 1995, De et a11998, Bahuguna farther to the east it lives in Burma, Malaya and upto and Mukherjee 2000), for ecological study of the Southern China and on Java. -
List of Taxa for Which MIL Has Images
LIST OF 27 ORDERS, 163 FAMILIES, 887 GENERA, AND 2064 SPECIES IN MAMMAL IMAGES LIBRARY 31 JULY 2021 AFROSORICIDA (9 genera, 12 species) CHRYSOCHLORIDAE - golden moles 1. Amblysomus hottentotus - Hottentot Golden Mole 2. Chrysospalax villosus - Rough-haired Golden Mole 3. Eremitalpa granti - Grant’s Golden Mole TENRECIDAE - tenrecs 1. Echinops telfairi - Lesser Hedgehog Tenrec 2. Hemicentetes semispinosus - Lowland Streaked Tenrec 3. Microgale cf. longicaudata - Lesser Long-tailed Shrew Tenrec 4. Microgale cowani - Cowan’s Shrew Tenrec 5. Microgale mergulus - Web-footed Tenrec 6. Nesogale cf. talazaci - Talazac’s Shrew Tenrec 7. Nesogale dobsoni - Dobson’s Shrew Tenrec 8. Setifer setosus - Greater Hedgehog Tenrec 9. Tenrec ecaudatus - Tailless Tenrec ARTIODACTYLA (127 genera, 308 species) ANTILOCAPRIDAE - pronghorns Antilocapra americana - Pronghorn BALAENIDAE - bowheads and right whales 1. Balaena mysticetus – Bowhead Whale 2. Eubalaena australis - Southern Right Whale 3. Eubalaena glacialis – North Atlantic Right Whale 4. Eubalaena japonica - North Pacific Right Whale BALAENOPTERIDAE -rorqual whales 1. Balaenoptera acutorostrata – Common Minke Whale 2. Balaenoptera borealis - Sei Whale 3. Balaenoptera brydei – Bryde’s Whale 4. Balaenoptera musculus - Blue Whale 5. Balaenoptera physalus - Fin Whale 6. Balaenoptera ricei - Rice’s Whale 7. Eschrichtius robustus - Gray Whale 8. Megaptera novaeangliae - Humpback Whale BOVIDAE (54 genera) - cattle, sheep, goats, and antelopes 1. Addax nasomaculatus - Addax 2. Aepyceros melampus - Common Impala 3. Aepyceros petersi - Black-faced Impala 4. Alcelaphus caama - Red Hartebeest 5. Alcelaphus cokii - Kongoni (Coke’s Hartebeest) 6. Alcelaphus lelwel - Lelwel Hartebeest 7. Alcelaphus swaynei - Swayne’s Hartebeest 8. Ammelaphus australis - Southern Lesser Kudu 9. Ammelaphus imberbis - Northern Lesser Kudu 10. Ammodorcas clarkei - Dibatag 11. Ammotragus lervia - Aoudad (Barbary Sheep) 12. -
Activity Pattern and Food Habits of Grizzled Giant Squirrel (Ratufa Macroura) in Srivilliputhur Grizzled Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary, Tamil Nadu, Southern India
International Letters of Natural Sciences Online: 2015-01-20 ISSN: 2300-9675, Vol. 32, pp 54-67 doi:10.18052/www.scipress.com/ILNS.32.54 2015 SciPress Ltd, Switzerland Activity Pattern and Food Habits of Grizzled Giant Squirrel (Ratufa macroura) in Srivilliputhur Grizzled Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary, Tamil Nadu, Southern India Golusu Babu Rao1, 2 *, Rajarathnavel Nagarajan1, Murali Saravanan1, Nagarajan Baskaran1 1. A.V.C. College (Autonomous) PG and Research Department of Zoology and Division of Wildlife Biology, Mannampandal – 609 305, Mayiladuthurai, India 2. Care Earth Trust, H.no-3 6th Street, Thillaiganaga Nagar, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.-600 061 Tel: 9994514918 *E-mail address:[email protected] ABSTRACT Activity pattern and food habits of Grizzled Giant Squirrel were investigated in Srivilliputhur Grizzled Giant Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary from December 2011 to March 2012. Focal animal sampling method was used to record the activity pattern and food habits. Sampling was done in three different habitats viz., Private land, Reserve forest and Temple land. Feeding was the dominant activity accounting for 35.4% of the activity period. Bimodal feeding pattern was observed in Squirrels, the observations were made from early morning hours to till (0600-1800) late evening hours. The Squirrels feed upon 23 plant species; among them 11 were trees species, 10 climbers and 2 shrubs. Seven types of plant parts were used by Squirrels. Leaf consumption was high (38%) followed by fruit (24%). The high consumption of leaves was due to easy availability of leaves and limited availability of other plant parts. Squirrel’s invasion into Private Land and Temple Land was observed which can be attributed to abundance and easy availability of food plants, canopy continuity and less predatory pressure. -
Thailand Set Departure
THAILAND SET DEPARTURE Set Departure: March 2 – 18, 2013 Thai Peninsula Extension: March 18 – 24, 2013 Tour Leader: Scott Watson Report and Photos by Scott Watson Green-tailed Sunbird, beautiful and common on the summit of Doi Inthanon. Introduction Thailand is one of those countries that is so diverse, you always have the feeling of something new waiting for you around every corner, whether it be a bird, a mammal, or a delicious Thai dish. This tour was highly successful with a bird list of 487 along with 22 species of mammals. Starting off in the salt pans of Pak Thale we found everyone’s favourite small shorebird, the infamous yet critically endangered, Spoon-billed Sandpiper. We then made it to Kaeng Krachan National Park where we watched Bar-throated and Scaly-breasted Partridge compete at the same waterhole against a less than sizable Lesser Mouse-Deer, all from a new bird hide close to the lodge. This site also got us a few gems such as Long- tailed Broadbill, White-fronted Scops-Owl, Dusky Broadbill, Rachet-tailed Treepie, Kalij Pheasant, and even the tricky Grey Peacock-Pheasant. On to the famous Khao Yai National Park, land of the modern day Pterodactyl or Great Hornbill of which we saw many. Amazing targets here included Blue Pitta and Siamese Fireback, and seeing both turned out to be easy this trip, forgetting both, impossible. We journeyed north from here to the mountains of the north- west but first stopping of at Thailand’s largest lake, Bueng Boraphet, to bag a few tricky ducks and other marsh birds on an enjoyable boat ride. -
December 2012
Small Mammal Mail Newsletter celebrating the most useful yet most neglected Mammals for CCINSA & RISCINSA -- Chiroptera, Rodentia, Insectivora, & Scandentia Conservation and Information Networks of South Asia Volume 4 Number 2 ISSN 2230-7087 DECEMBER 2012 Contents Members Editorial, P. 2 CCINSA Members since Feb 2012 Ms. Khushbu Panwar, Research First Record of habitat sharing of Eonycteris Scholar, Dept. of Zoology, M.L.S. Univ., spelaea and Rousettus leschenaultii in Nepal Udaipur, Rajasthan Dr. Amir Hossan Shaikat, Lecturer, and Highest Elevation of Occurrence of E. <[email protected]> spelaea in the World, Sanjan Thapa, Dibya Dept. of Physiology, Biochem. & Raj Dahal and Santoshi Pokhrel, Pp. 3-7 Pharmacology, Chittagong Vet. & Animal Sci. Univ., Chittagong, Bangladesh Mr. Rohit Ashit Chakravarty, Student, St. Xavier College, Mumbai, Maharashtra Additional site records of Indian Pangolin <[email protected]> (Manis crassicaudata Gray 1827) <[email protected]> (Pholidota; Manidae) in Guntur, K. Mr. Deependar Singh Shekhawat, Mahabubnagar and Medak districts of Research Scholar, Dept. of Zoology, M.L.S. Mr. Devendra Kumar, Research Scholar, Andhra Pradesh, India, K. Krishna Prasad, Univ., Udaipur, Rajasthan Dept. of Zoology, M.L.S. Univ., Udaipur, and C. Srinivasulu, Pp. 8-9. <[email protected]> Rajasthan <[email protected]> Recent Observations of Black Giant Squirrel Mr. Vijay Kumar Koli, Research Scholar, Ratufa bicolor (Sparrman, 1778) in the Dr. Samir Kumar Sinha, WTI Field Dept. of Zoology, M.L.S. Univ., Udaipur, Vicinity of Makalu-Barun National Park, Station, Valmiki Tiger Reserve, Patna, Rajasthan Nepal, Yadav Ghimirey, Binod Ghimire, Bal Bihar <[email protected]> Mukunda Pokhrel and Raju Acharya, Pp. <[email protected]> 10-11.