DOCSLIB.ORG

Final Report 2003: Status and Conservation of the American

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Status and Conservation of the American Crocodile in Florida: Recovering an Endangered Species While Restoring an Endangered Ecosystem Frank J. Mazzotti and Michael S. Cherkiss University of Florida, Ft. Lauderdale Research and Education Center 2003 Technical Report FINAL REPORT Volume 1 Status and Conservation of the American Crocodile in Florida: Recovering an Endangered Species While Restoring an Endangered Ecosystem Prepared by: Frank J. Mazzotti and Michael S. Cherkiss Ft. Lauderdale Research and Education Center University of Florida 3205 College Avenue Davie, FL 33314-7799 Prepared for: National Park Service 2003 RECOMMENDED CITATION: Mazzotti, F.J. and M.S. Cherkiss. 2003. Status and Conservation of the American Crocodile in Florida: Recovering an Endangered Species While Restoring an Endangered Ecosystem. University of Florida, Ft. Lauderdale Research and Education Center. Tech. Rep. 2003. 41 pp. ii Summary The American crocodile (Crocodylus acutus) is Florida Bay. Preliminary results support the primarily a coastal crocodilian that is at the northern importance of a more natural pattern of freshwater end of its range in South Florida. In Florida, habitat flow into the estuary for crocodiles. This underscores loss due to expansion of a rapidly growing human the flagship role that this endangered species has for population along coastal areas of Palm Beach, protecting the integrity of estuarine ecosystems. Broward, Dade, and Monroe counties has been the Crocodiles live in a variety of habitats in South primary factor endangering the U.S. crocodile Florida. These habitats range from physically population. This loss of habitat principally affected undisturbed but hydrologically degraded in Everglades the nesting range of crocodiles, restricting nesting to a National Park to artificial and managed at the Turkey small area of northeastern Florida Bay and northern Point Power Plant site. All crocodile habitat can be Key Largo by the early 1970's. When crocodiles were characterized by low wind and wave action and a listed as endangered in 1975, scant data were available tendency towards lower salinities (< 50% seawater). for making informed management decisions. Field Creation of nest sites incidental to dredge and fill and laboratory data suggested that low nest success, activities has, to some extent, compensated for loss of combined with high hatchling mortality, provided a nest sites to development elsewhere in Florida. dim prognosis for survival. Results of monitoring The maximum number of crocodiles known to programs conducted over the last 30 years by the nest in South Florida has more than doubled from an National Park Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, estimated 20 in 1975 to more than 50 today. Most of Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission (now the increase in nesting can be accounted for by Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission), and crocodiles nesting on artificial substrates. Nests at the Florida Power and Light Company focused on nesting Turkey Point Power Plant site are most successful, ecology and growth and survival of crocodiles. These nests in Everglades National Park have intermediate programs enabled managers to improve conservation success, and nests on Crocodile Lake National efforts, to which crocodiles have responded positively Wildlife Refuge are most likely to fail. Desiccation resulting in a more optimistic outlook for crocodiles in causes failure of nests at Crocodile Lake National South Florida. The purpose of this project was to Wildlife Refuge and desiccation, flooding and collect and summarize data from those monitoring predation affects nests in Everglades National Park. projects and to make comments on recovery, Fire ants have caused nest failure at Turkey Point. restoration and the future of crocodiles in Florida. Absolute growth and minimum number known to Data on captures, nests, and models relevant to the survive were used to estimate growth and survival of American crocodile in Florida were collected from crocodiles. Crocodiles grow slowest and survive least individuals and agencies responsible for conducting often in Everglades National Park. Hatchling research and monitoring on crocodiles since they were crocodiles survive best in Crocodile Lake National listed as endangered in 1975. Most of this work has Wildlife Refuge and grow fastest, with more centered on the main nesting colonies in Everglades variability, at the Turkey Point Power Plant site. National Park, Crocodile Lake National Wildlife Survival is inversely correlated with distance that Refuge, and Florida Power and Light Company’s hatchling crocodiles have to disperse to find nursery Turkey Point Power Plant site. Only recently have habitat. Lower growth rates have been spatially and surveys systematically extended beyond these core temporally associated with patterns of higher salinity. areas. In addition, collection of data on crocodile Minimum survival does not distinguish between mortalities, unusual locations, and relocations has been death, dispersal, and wariness. Crocodiles have ongoing. The compilation of these data allows for dispersed from all three natal sites to other sites. comparisons between the three nesting colonies, Although fewer hatchling crocodiles are marked at affording us the opportunity to make determinations of Crocodile Lake National Wildlife Refuge, most of the long term trends in population parameters, such as hatchlings that successfully dispersed from their natal nesting, and to monitor exchange and movements of area came from there. No hatchling crocodiles have individuals between and within study areas. dispersed from Everglades National Park since 1986. Crocodile models have been developed to assess There are more crocodiles in more places today effects of alternatives for delivery of freshwater to than there were in 1975 when crocodiles were declared iii endangered. Crocodiles now occur in most of the swamp that extends well into the dry season. Mid-to- habitat that remains for them in southern Florida. late dry season discharges of freshwater that cause a Most of the remaining habitat is currently protected in reversal of water levels in the receiving body are public ownership or engaged in energy production. In hypothesized to cause a dispersal of prey items, these areas, destruction of habitat has not been an making them less available to crocodiles and should be issue. However, questions of potential habitat avoided. Shifting water delivery from Biscayne Bay modification through continued alteration of to Florida Bay would degrade the quality of habitat in freshwater flow due to upstream development and Biscayne Bay for crocodiles. potential curtailment of the range of crocodiles need to The American crocodile has been identified as be addressed. Although the ecological condition of having the potential to provide a quantifiable measure crocodiles in Florida has improved, existing regulatory of restoration success. Determination of trends and mechanisms do not protect crocodiles from year-to-year variations in population parameters are a intolerance, relocation or adverse modifications to critical part of an expanded monitoring program to their habitats. support development of ecological indicators and Patterns of nesting, relative abundance and success criteria for the restoration effort. The relevant distribution, growth, and survival of crocodiles can biological factors of this endangered species are well provide insight into restoration of coastal ecosystems understood and existing databases afford good records in Southeast Florida. For both Florida Bay and of past and present population parameters. This Biscayne Bay, restoring a more natural pattern of provides us the unique opportunity to integrate freshwater flow would provide the most benefit. endangered species recovery and conservation with Characteristics of flow patterns into Florida and ecosystem restoration and management in South Biscayne Bays that are beneficial for crocodiles Florida. include sheet flow through the fringing mangrove Acknowledgements The data compiled and summarized in this report is the result of more than 25 years of research and monitoring of the American crocodile in Florida sponsored by the U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission and Florida Power and Light Company. We are indebted to their cooperation in providing the results of those studies. We are especially grateful to Paul Moler and Joe Wasilewski. This project was funded by the U.S. Department of Interior’s Critical Ecosystem Studies Initiative in collaboration with the U.S. National Park Service. In particular, we thank Skip Snow and Sonny Bass for their long dedication to studying crocodiles. Geoff Cook assisted in compiling the databases. Jocie Graham and Alicia Weinstein provided editorial assistance. iv Table of Contents List of Figures .................................................................................................................................................................vi List of Tables..................................................................................................................................................................vii List of Appendices.........................................................................................................................................................viii Introduction .....................................................................................................................................................................
Recommended publications
  • A White Paper on the Status and Needs of Largemouth Bass Culture in the North Central Region

    A White Paper on the Status and Needs of Largemouth Bass Culture in the North Central Region

    A WHITE PAPER ON THE STATUS AND NEEDS OF LARGEMOUTH BASS CULTURE IN THE NORTH CENTRAL REGION Prepared by Roy C. Heidinger Fisheries and Illinois Aquaculture Center Southern Illinois University-Carbondale for the North Central Regional Aquaculture Center Current Draft as of March 29, 2000 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION AND JUSTIFICATION OF THE DOCUMENT ....................2 CURRENT STATUS OF THE INDUSTRY ........................................2 Markets ...................................................................2 Supply/Demand ..........................................................2 Legality ...................................................................3 BIOLOGY/AQUACULTURE TECHNOLOGY .....................................3 Biology ...................................................................4 Culture ....................................................................4 Brood Stock ............................................................4 Fry and Fingerling Production ................................................5 Diseases and Pests ........................................................6 Water Quality, Handling, and Transport ........................................7 CRITICAL LIMITING FACTORS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ....................7 Nutrition ..................................................................7 Production Densities ..........................................................8 Marketing .................................................................8 Diseases ..................................................................8
  • Crocodiles As a Resource For" the Tropics

    Crocodiles As a Resource For" the Tropics

    SF Managing 7topical Animal Resources .C7S ~~~3 'Ocodiles as aResource for the 'Ilopics 1 l:oogk - .'. ~ d ..Nationa[ Acadt11!..~ Press The National Academy Preu was created by the National Academy of Sciences to publish the reports issued by the Academy and by the National Academy of Engineering, the Institute of Medicine, and the National Research Council, all operating under the charter granted to the National Academy of Sciel\ces by the Congress of the United States. REFERENCE COpy .FOR LIBRARY USE ONi.Y Managing Tropical Animal Resources Crocodiles as a Resource for" the Tropics : Report of an Ad Hoc Panel ~f the Advisory Committee on Technology Innovation Board on Science and Technology for International Development Office of International Affairs National Research Council In Cooperation with the Division ofWildlife, Department of Lands and Environment, Papua New Guinea .', ;''': .~ " I : PROPERTY OF NAS-NA~ JUL ti 1983 LIBRARY: NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS Washington, D.C. 1983 NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the Councils of the National Academy ofSciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the commillee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance. This report has been reviewed by a group other than the authors acc;ording to the pro­ cedures approved by a Report Review Commillee consisting of members of the National Academy ofSciences, the National Academy ofEngineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The National Research Council was established by the National Academy of SCiences in 1916to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy's pur­ poses of furthering knowledge and of advising the federal government.
  • Master of the Marsh Information for Cart

    Master of the Marsh Information for Cart

    Mighty MikeMighty Mike:Mike: The Master of the Marsh A story of when humans and predators meet Alligators are magnificent predators that have lived for millions of years and demonstrate amazing adaptations for survival. Their “recent” interaction with us demonstrates the importance of these animals and that we have a vital role to play in their survival. Primary Exhibit Themes: 1. American Alligators are an apex predator and a keystone species of wetland ecosystems throughout the southern US, such as the Everglades. 2. Alligators are an example of a conservation success story. 3. The wetlands that alligators call home are important ecosystems that are in need of protection. Primary Themes and Supporting Facts 1. Alligators are an apex predator and, thus, a keystone species of wetland ecosystems throughout the southern US, such as the Everglades. a. The American Alligator is known as the “Master of the Marsh” or “King of the Everglades” b. What makes a great predator? Muscles, Teeth, Strength & Speed i. Muscles 1. An alligator has the strongest known bite of any land animal – up to 2,100 pounds of pressure. 2. Most of the muscle in an alligators jaw is intended for biting and gripping prey. The muscles for opening their jaws are relatively weak. This is why an adult man can hold an alligators jaw shut with his bare hands. Don’t try this at home! ii. Teeth 1. Alligators have up to 80 teeth. 2. Their conical teeth are used for catching the prey, not tearing it apart. 3. They replace their teeth as they get worn and fall out.
  • 2021 Fish Suppliers

    2021 Fish Suppliers

    2021 Fish Suppliers A.B. Jones Fish Hatchery Largemouth bass, hybrid bluegill, bluegill, black crappie, triploid grass carp, Nancy Jones gambusia – mosquito fish, channel catfish, bullfrog tadpoles, shiners 1057 Hwy 26 Williamsburg, KY 40769 (606) 549-2669 ATAC, LLC Pond Management Specialist Fathead minnows, golden shiner, goldfish, largemouth bass, smallmouth bass, Rick Rogers hybrid bluegill, bluegill, redear sunfish, walleye, channel catfish, rainbow trout, PO Box 1223 black crappie, triploid grass carp, common carp, hybrid striped bass, koi, Lebanon, OH 45036 shubunkin goldfish, bullfrog tadpoles, and paddlefish (513) 932-6529 Anglers Bait-n-Tackle LLC Fathead minnows, rosey red minnows, bluegill, hybrid bluegill, goldfish and Kaleb Rodebaugh golden shiners 747 North Arnold Ave Prestonsburg, KY 606-886-1335 Andry’s Fish Farm Bluegill, hybrid bluegill, largemouth bass, koi, channel catfish, white catfish, Lyle Andry redear sunfish, black crappie, tilapia – human consumption only, triploid grass 10923 E. Conservation Club Road carp, fathead minnows and golden shiners Birdseye, IN 47513 (812) 389-2448 Arkansas Pondstockers, Inc Channel catfish, bluegill, hybrid bluegill, redear sunfish, largemouth bass, Michael Denton black crappie, fathead minnows, and triploid grass carp PO Box 357 Harrisbug, AR 75432 (870) 578-9773 Aquatic Control, Inc. Largemouth bass, bluegill, channel catfish, triploid grass carp, fathead Clinton Charlton minnows, redear sunfish, golden shiner, rainbow trout, and hybrid striped bass 505 Assembly Drive, STE 108
  • Should I Eat the Fish I Catch?

    Should I Eat the Fish I Catch?

    EPA 823-F-14-002 For More Information October 2014 Introduction What can I do to reduce my health risks from eating fish containing chemical For more information about reducing your Fish are an important part of a healthy diet. pollutants? health risks from eating fish that contain chemi- Office of Science and Technology (4305T) They are a lean, low-calorie source of protein. cal pollutants, contact your local or state health Some sport fish caught in the nation’s lakes, Following these steps can reduce your health or environmental protection department. You rivers, oceans, and estuaries, however, may risks from eating fish containing chemical can find links to state fish advisory programs Should I Eat the contain chemicals that could pose health risks if pollutants. The rest of the brochure explains and your state’s fish advisory program contact these fish are eaten in large amounts. these recommendations in more detail. on the National Fish Advisory Program website Fish I Catch? at: http://water.epa.gov/scitech/swguidance/fish- The purpose of this brochure is not to 1. Look for warning signs or call your shellfish/fishadvisories/index.cfm. discourage you from eating fish. It is intended local or state environmental health as a guide to help you select and prepare fish department. Contact them before you You may also contact: that are low in chemical pollutants. By following fish to see if any advisories are posted in these recommendations, you and your family areas where you want to fish. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency can continue to enjoy the benefits of eating fish.
  • Analyzing the Profitability of Hybrid Striped . Bass Cage Culture

    Analyzing the Profitability of Hybrid Striped . Bass Cage Culture

    AQUACULTURE EXTENSION Illinois - Indiana Sea Grant Program Sea Grant # IL-IN-SG-FS-92-IS Analyzing the Profitability of. Hybrid Striped Bass Cage Culture Jean Rosscup Riepe LaDon Swann Paul B. Brown Department of Illinois-lndirtna Deparment of Forestry Agricultural Economics Sea Grant Program and Natural Resources Purdue University Purdue University Purdue University The aquiculture industry is growing in the North The Enterprise Budget Central Region, including the states of Illinois and The assumptions and estimates of production Indiana. This growth is understandable. Farmers factors, costs, and revenues summarized in Table 1 consider an aquiculture enterprise as a productive should serve only as guidelines for potential or use of otherwise idle resources or as a means to farm current aquaculturists. Even though the figures diversification. Both farm and nonfarm entrepre- reflect average management skills and costs, they neurs believe aquiculture is an opportunity to profit cannot accurately represent any particular situation. from the shift in consumer preferences from red meat A column titled "Your Farm" has been included in to chicken and seafood. the budget for the individual to adjust the given budget figures to the realities of each aquaculturist’s The Value of Enterprise Budgeting situation. Before deciding whether to undertake or to The equations used to make budget calculations continue an aquiculture enterprise, the successful are included in Table I to enable aquaculturists to aquaculturist needs to develop a business plan and calculate their own figures, whether through use of a evaluate the potential profitability. Enterprise calculator or computer spreadsheet. Aquaculturists budgeting is a management tool useful for both with their own computers can easily incorporate planning and profitability analysis.
  • Chicken & Waffle 15 Shrimp & Grits 18 Chilean Sea Bass 32

    Chicken & Waffle 15 Shrimp & Grits 18 Chilean Sea Bass 32

    NEW ORLEANS GUMBO c4 b6 Shrimp, andouille sausage, tasso ham, and rice. STRAWBERRY ALMOND 7 THE COBB 9 Mixed greens, goat cheese, fresh Chopped romaine, bacon, tomato, SHE CRAB SOUP c4 b6 sliced strawberries, almond flakes, onion, avocado, hardboiled egg, ched- Velvety bisque with lump blue crab and and apricot vinaigrette. dar cheese, sunflower seeds, ranch. sherry cream sauce. CAESAR 7 GREEN GODDESS 9 LOBSTER MAC N CHEESE 12 Chopped romaine, sundried tomato, Roasted beets, blue cheese crumbles, Corkscrew pasta , parmesan cream house made croutons, parmesan. pecans, pickled red onion. sauce, tender bites of lobster. Make any of our fresh salads an entrée by adding: FRIED BRUSSELS 9 Chicken 6.00 Salmon 12.00 Shrimp 9.00 Scallops 12.00 Crab Cake 12.00 Lemon pepper seasoning & sunflower seeds. POKE BOWL 12 Ahi tuna, sushi rice, soybeans, cucumber, avocado, and ponzu sauce. Sandwiches served with your choice of side: Fries, Chips, Pasta Salad, Coleslaw THE BURGER 12 SMOKED TURKEY WRAP 10 Margarita Key Lime Pie Pimento cheese, smoked bacon, and mixed greens Bacon, mixed greens, avocado, tomato, ranch on a brioche bun. dressing. Pumpkin Bread Pudding CHICKEN SALAD 9 BUTTERMILK CHICKEN 10 Chocolate Mousse Honey dijon chicken, cranberries, and chopped Nashville hot dipped chicken breast with pecans on a buttery croissant, ranch, tomato, and mixed greens. Mixed Berry Cobbler ala mode LOBSTER WRAP 15 SALMON TACOS 12 (availability may vary) Mixed greens, goat cheese, tomato, and green Blackened salmon with avocado, tomato, and goddess dressing. salsa verde. Served with chips and guacamole. CHICKEN & WAFFLE 15 CHICKEN PASTA 18 Buttermilk chicken, pecan waffle, bourbon maple syrup.
  • Largemouth Bass (Micropterus Salmoides)

    Largemouth Bass (Micropterus Salmoides)

    Indiana Division of Fish and Wildlife’s Animal Information Series Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) Do they have any other names? Largemouth bass are also called bigmouth bass, widemouth bass, bucketmouth, Florida bass, and Florida largemouth to name a few. Why are they called largemouth? They are called largemouth due to the fact that they have a large mouth in comparison to other black bass, with the upper jaw extending past the eye. What do they look like? The largemouth is generally olive green in color and cream colored on the belly with a series of black blotches that form a line along the side of the bass. Its upper jaw extends beyond the rear part of the eye and has no tooth patch present on the tongue. The dorsal fin (fin along the back bone) is nearly separated and has spiny and soft sections. In small bass the caudal (tail) fin is bi-colored (yellow with a black edge). Photo Credit: Duane Raver, USFWS 2012-MLC Page 1 Where do they live in Indiana? Largemouth bass are found almost everywhere in Indiana from ponds to large rivers. They are most abundant in lakes and man-made impoundments but can also be found in deep, quiet pools of streams. What kind of habitat do they need? They prefer warm, moderately clear waters that do not have a noticeable current. How do they reproduce? Largemouth bass begin nesting in the spring after the water temperature has reached about 65 °F. May June (spawn Peak of July starts-water Spawn (spawn temp. 65°F) continues) End of April- Sept.
  • Using Scat to Estimate Body Size in Crocodilians: Case Studies of the Siamese Crocodile and American Alligator with Practical Applications

    Using Scat to Estimate Body Size in Crocodilians: Case Studies of the Siamese Crocodile and American Alligator with Practical Applications

    Herpetological Conservation and Biology 15(2):325–334. Submitted: 19 December 2019; Accepted: 24 May 2020; Published: 31 August 2020. USING SCAT TO ESTIMATE BODY SIZE IN CROCODILIANS: CASE STUDIES OF THE SIAMESE CROCODILE AND AMERICAN ALLIGATOR WITH PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS STEVEN G. PLATT1, RUTH M. ELSEY2, NICHOLE D. BISHOP3, THOMAS R. RAINWATER4,8, OUDOMXAY THONGSAVATH5, DIDIER LABARRE6, AND ALEXANDER G. K. MCWILLIAM5,7 1Wildlife Conservation Society-Myanmar Program, No. 12, Nanrattaw Street, Kamayut Township, Yangon, Myanmar 2Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge, 5476 Grand Chenier Highway, Grand Chenier, Louisiana 70643, USA 3School of Natural Resources and Environment, Building 810, 1728 McCarthy Drive, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-0485, USA 4Tom Yawkey Wildlife Center & Belle W. Baruch Institute of Coastal Ecology and Forest Science, Clemson University, Post Office Box 596, Georgetown, South Carolina 29442, USA 5Wildlife Conservation Society-Lao Program, Post Office Box 6712, Vientiane, Laos 6Départment de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boulevard de l’Université, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada 7Current address: International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), 63 Sukhumvit Road, Soi 39 Klongton-Nua, Bangkok, Thailand, 10110 8Corresponding author, email: [email protected] Abstract.—Models relating morphological measures to body size are of great value in crocodilian research and management. Although scat morphometrics are widely used for estimating the body size of large mammals, these relationships have not been determined for any crocodilian. To this end, we collected scats from Siamese Crocodiles (Crocodylus siamensis) and American Alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) to determine if maximum scat diameter (MSD) could be used to predict total length (TL) in these species.
  • Florida Recreational Saltwater Fishing Regulations

    Florida Recreational Saltwater Fishing Regulations

    Florida Recreational Issued: July 2020 New regulations are highlighted in red Saltwater Fishing Regulations (please visit: MyFWC.com/Fishing/Saltwater/Recreational Regulations apply to state waters of the Gulf and Atlantic for the most current regulations) All art: © Diane Rome Peebles, except snowy grouper (Duane Raver) Reef Fish Snapper General Snapper Regulations: • Snapper Aggregate Bag Limit - Within state waters ul of the Atlantic and Gulf, Snapper, Cubera u l Snapper, Red u l X Snapper, Vermilion X Snapper, Lane u l all species of snapper are Minimum Size Limits: Minimum Size Limits: Minimum Size Limits: Minimum Size Limits: included in a 10 fish per • Atlantic and Gulf - 12" (see below) • Atlantic - 20" • Atlantic - 12" • Atlantic and Gulf - 8" harvester per day aggregate • Gulf - 16" • Gulf - 10" bag limit in any combination Daily Recreational Bag Limit: Daily Recreational Bag Limit: of snapper species, unless • Atlantic and Gulf - 10 per harvester Season: Daily Recreational Bag Limit: • Atlantic - 10 per harvester stated otherwise. under 30", included within snapper • Atlantic - Open year-round • Atlantic - 5 per harvester not included • Gulf - 100 pounds per harvester, not • Seasons – If no seasonal aggregate bag limit • Gulf - Open June 11–July 25 within snapper aggregate bag limit included within snapper aggregate • May additionally harvest up to 2 over • Gulf - 10 per harvester not included bag limit information is provided, the Daily Recreational Bag Limit: species is open year-round. 30" per harvester or vessel-whichever within snapper aggregate bag limit is less-, and these 2 fish over 30" are • Atlantic and Gulf - 2 per harvester not included within snapper aggregate • Gulf - Zero daily bag and possession limit bag limit for captain and crew on for-hire vessels.
  • Iowa Fishing Regulations

    Iowa Fishing Regulations

    www.iowadnr.gov/fishing 1 Contents What’s New? Be a Responsible Angler .....................................3 • Mississippi River walleye length limit License & Permit Requirements ..........................3 changes - length limits in Mississippi Threatened & Endangered Species ....................4 River Pools 12-20 now include the entire Health Benefits of Eating Fish .............................4 Mississippi River in Iowa (p. 12). General Fishing Regulations ...............................5 • Missouri River paddlefish season start Fishing Seasons & Limits ....................................9 date changed to Feb. 1 (p. 11) Fish Identification...............................................14 • Virtual fishing tournaments added to License Agreements with Bordering States .......16 Iowa DNR special events applications Health Advisories for Eating Fish.......................17 - the definition of fishing tournaments now Aquatic Invasive Species...................................18 includes virtual fishing tournaments (p. 6) Fisheries Offices Phone Numbers .....................20 First Fish & Master Angler Awards ....................21 Conservation Officers Phone Numbers .............23 License and Permit Fees License/Permit Resident Nonresident On Sale Dec. 15, 2020 On Sale Jan. 1, 2021 Annual 16 years old and older $22.00 $48.00 3-Year $62.00 Not Available 7-Day $15.50 $37.50 3-Day Not Available $20.50 1-Day $10.50 $12.00 Annual Third Line Fishing Permit $14.00 $14.00 Trout Fee $14.50 $17.50 Lifetime (65 years old and older) $61.50 Not Available Boundary Water Sport Trotline $26.00 $49.50 Fishing Tournament Permit $25.00 $25.00 Fishing, Hunting, Habitat Fee Combo $55.00 Not Available Paddlefish Fishing License & Tag $25.50 $49.00 Give your kids a lifetime of BIG memories The COVID-19 pandemic ignited Iowans’ pent-up passion to get out and enjoy the outdoors.
  • Determination of the Shelf Life of Smoked Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus Labrax Linaeus, 1758) Marinade Stored Under Refrigerated Conditions (4 °С)

    Determination of the Shelf Life of Smoked Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus Labrax Linaeus, 1758) Marinade Stored Under Refrigerated Conditions (4 °С)

    ─── Food Technology ─── Determination of the shelf life of smoked sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax linaeus, 1758) marinade stored under refrigerated conditions (4 °С) İrfan Keskin, Bayram Köstekli, Asiye Eyuboğlu, Yalçın Kaya University of Sinop, Turkey Abstract Keywords: Introduction. In this study, two different marinade Sea bass (plain and smoked) were prepared with seabass and Hot smoking determination of their shelf-life was aimed by investigating Quality the quality according to organoleptic, chemical and Shelf life microbiological parameters. Marinade Material and methods. Fishes supplied from an aquaculture facility were brought to the laboratory under cold storage and filleted after cleaning process. First group (Group A: Plain) was put into the marination solution (Fish:solution ratio was 1:2, 1.68% alcohol vinegar, 6.4% Article history: salt and 0.01% citric acid) for 5 days. In second group Received 03.09.2018 (Group B: Smoked) fish were smoked and air cooled to the Received in revised form ambient temperature. Cold fish fillets were waited in the 11.02.2019 marination solution (Fish:solution ratio was 1:2, 1.2% Accepted 31.05.2019 alcohol vinegar, 5.5% salt and 0.01% citric acid) for 2 days. Result and discussion. According to the results in terms of the chemical analyses, while TBA value was determined as 0,26±0,01 mgMDA/kg in raw material, at the Corresponding author: end of the study this value was determined as 4,38±0,05 mgMDA/kg in Group A (5th month) and 3,05±0,02 Bayram Köstekli mgMDA/kg in Group B (7th month).