Guide, School of Dental Medicine. Dental School Library Historical
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A Guide to the School of Dental Medicine. Dental School Library Historical Collection 1798-1988 62.0 Cubic feet UPC 4.11 Prepared by Kaiyi Chen 1995 The University Archives and Records Center 3401 Market Street, Suite 210 Philadelphia, PA 19104-3358 215.898.7024 Fax: 215.573.2036 www.archives.upenn.edu Mark Frazier Lloyd, Director School of Dental Medicine. Dental School Library Historical Collection UPC 4.11 TABLE OF CONTENTS PROVENANCE...............................................................................................................................1 ARRANGEMENT...........................................................................................................................1 HISTORICAL NOTE......................................................................................................................1 SCOPE AND CONTENT...............................................................................................................4 INVENTORY.................................................................................................................................. 7 ADMINISTRATIVE AND HISTORY FILES, 1878-1987......................................................7 ALUMNI RECORDS, 1888 - 1969........................................................................................17 BIOGRAPHICAL FILES, 1885-1988.................................................................................... 19 EVANS MUSEUM AND DENTAL INSTITUTE RECORDS, 1861-1985.......................... 28 FINANCIAL RECORDS, 1968-1985.....................................................................................34 OTHER ORGANIZATIONS, 1876-1968...............................................................................35 PERSONAL PAPERS, 1849-1986......................................................................................... 36 PHOTOGRAPHS, PRINTS, AND GRAPHICS, 1798-1985................................................. 68 SCRAPBOOKS, 1866-1986....................................................................................................92 SLIDES, TAPES, AND MEMORABILIA, 1885-1981......................................................... 92 School of Dental Medicine. Dental School Library Historical Collection UPC 4.11 Guide to the School of Dental Medicine. Dental School Library Historical Collection 1798-1988 UPC 4.11 62.0 Cubic feet Prepared by Kaiyi Chen 1995 Access is granted in accordance with the Protocols for the University Archives and Records Center. PROVENANCE Transferred from the Dental School Library to the University Archives in 1985, 1989 and 1990. ARRANGEMENT The collection has been organized into the following series: 1. Administrative and History Files, 1878-1987; 2. Alumni Records, 1888-1969; 3. Biographical Files, 1885-1988; 4. Thomas W. Evans Museum and Dental Institute Records, 1861-1985; 5. Financial Records, 1968-1985; 6. Other Organizations, 1876-1968; 7. Personal Papers, 1849-1986; 8. Photographs, Prints, and Graphics, 1798-1985; 9. Scrapbooks, 1866-1986; 10. Slides, Tapes, and Memorabilia, 1885-1981. Each series has been arranged alphabetically. HISTORICAL NOTE In 1877, the medical faculty of the University of Pennsylvania proposed that a department of dental medicine be established. The Medical Committee of the Board of Trustees of the University - 1 - School of Dental Medicine. Dental School Library Historical Collection UPC 4.11 authorized a committee of the medical faculty to approach the two existing dental schools in Philadelphia--the Pennsylvania College of Dental Surgery established in 1856 and the Philadelphia Dental College founded in 1863--to inquire whether one or the other would agree to become associated with the University. The faculties of both schools officially declined the proposal, but Dean Charles J. Essig, and Drs. Edwin T. Darby, George T. Barker and James Tyson of the Pennsylvania College of Dental Surgery indicated their approval and interest. These men were invited to join the faculty of the University and thereby formed the nucleus of the new dental department of the University. The School of Dentistry opened in April 1878 with Dr. Essig as Secretary of the faculty (a position equivalent to the deanship). After Harvard and Michigan, Penn became the third university in the country to establish a school of dental medicine. The first class had a total of fifty-two students, half of whom transferred from the Pennsylvania College of Dental Surgery. The University required students to complete a two-year curriculum including operative and mechanical dentistry, dental histology, dental pathology, metallurgy, chemistry, anatomy, physiology, material medica and therapeutics; a thesis; and a presentation of treatments of patients in operative and prosthetic dentistry. In 1879 twenty-five of the original fifty- two students were awarded the degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery. When Dr. Truman became dean of the school in 1883, he began to introduce preclinical technic work into the courses in prosthetic dentistry. The introduction of these courses, as well as the requirements of the National Association of Dental Faculties, resulted in an extension of the dental program to three years in 1891. With this emerged the need for better facilities. The school proposed the construction of a new school before Truman's retirement in 1895. The school was first located in the basement of Medical Hall (now Logan Hall). In 1878, it moved to the first floor of the new Hare Laboratories and remained there for over eighteen years. The Dental Hall served as the site of the school from 1897 to 1914. Under the deanship of Edward C. Kirk, who served from 1895 to 1917, the Dental School enhanced its international reputation. The school proposed to increase the study of dentistry from three years to four years in 1903. Lacking support from other schools, however, the idea did not come to fruition until 1917. Under Kirk's administration, the school established its graduate program in 1910 to keep abreast of the latest developments in dental medicine and technics. In 1909, the Pennsylvania College of Dental Surgery, short of funds to modernize its equipment and enlarge its teaching staff, merged with the Dental School of the University. In 1916, the school further expanded by merging with the Dental Department of the Medico-Chirurgical College of - 2 - School of Dental Medicine. Dental School Library Historical Collection UPC 4.11 Philadelphia. As a result of these mergers as well as the admission of women, which began in 1914, the student body increased, calling for yet another new building. The formal affiliation of the Dental School with the Thomas W. Evans Museum and Institute Society was another landmark event in the school's history. Thomas W. Evans, a dentist from Philadelphia who gained both his fame and fortune through personal dental services for the French emperor Louis Napoleon and other European royal families, bequeathed a great portion of his wealth for the establishment of a dental school in Philadelphia not inferior to any already established in the city. For this purpose, the above mentioned Society was formed. The Trustees of the Society, however, soon concluded that it was more worthwhile to affiliate with the University of Pennsylvania instead of creating a separate dental school. An agreement was reached whereby the University would assume the responsibility of instruction and the Evans Institute Society would erect a new dental building. The new institution was to be called the Thomas W. Evans Museum and Dental Institute School of Dentistry University of Pennsylvania. Located on the site of the former Evans estate at the corner of the 40th and Spruce Street and completed in early 1915, the new building housed both the Dental School with its new lecture halls, clinics, and laboratories, and the Evans Museum. Dr. Charles R. Turner succeeded Kirk as dean in 1917, the same year that the four-year course in dentistry became effective. In 1921, the requirements for admission were raised to one year of college; this was further extended to two years of college in 1927. In response to student demand for a Bachelor's degree program, the University and the Dental School announced in 1919 a seven- year course leading to both the A.B. and D.D.S. degrees. The school introduced a course in internal medicine for dental students in 1934. This program encouraged the students to consider the patient as a whole, something often neglected in the development of technics in dentistry. The course under the direction of internists at the University Hospital was among the first of its kind offered in the United States. In 1921, Turner also approved the establishment of the School of Dental Hygiene, whose chief administrative officer and faculty were to be staffed by members of the faculty of the Dental School. After completing a one-year training course, the student was awarded a certificate of proficiency. William A. Jaquette served as the director and Professor of Oral Hygiene, and Miss Charlotte J. Klatt as supervisor and instructor in Clinical Prophylaxis. Klatt remained with the University for over forty years. Under her leadership, the program became one of the most outstanding in the country. - 3 - School of Dental Medicine. Dental School Library Historical Collection UPC 4.11 Lester W. Burket, dean from 1951 to 1972, further promoted oral medicine as a concept in dentistry. In 1964, the school changed its name from the School of Dentistry to the School of Dental Medicine. The