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The Right to Peace, Which Occurred on 19 December 2016 by a Majority of Its Member States

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The Right to Peace, Which Occurred on 19 December 2016 by a Majority of Its Member States In July 2016, the Human Rights Council (HRC) of the United Nations in Geneva recommended to the General Assembly (UNGA) to adopt a Declaration on the Right to Peace, which occurred on 19 December 2016 by a majority of its Member States. The Declaration on the Right to Peace invites all stakeholders to C. Guillermet D. Fernández M. Bosé guide themselves in their activities by recognizing the great importance of practicing tolerance, dialogue, cooperation and solidarity among all peoples and nations of the world as a means to promote peace. To reach this end, the Declaration states that present generations should ensure that both they and future generations learn to live together in peace with the highest aspiration of sparing future generations the scourge of war. Mr. Federico Mayor This book proposes the right to enjoy peace, human rights and development as a means to reinforce the linkage between the three main pillars of the United Nations. Since the right to life is massively violated in a context of war and armed conflict, the international community elaborated this fundamental right in the 2016 Declaration on the Right to Peace in connection to these latter notions in order to improve the conditions of life of humankind. Ambassador Christian Guillermet Fernandez - Dr. David The Right to Peace: Fernandez Puyana Past, Present and Future The Right to Peace: Past, Present and Future, demonstrates the advances in the debate of this topic, the challenges to delving deeper into some of its aspects, but also the great hopes of strengthening the path towards achieving Peace. This plurinational, multidisciplinary, pluricultural reflection Christian Guillermet Fernández contributes effectively to the essential leitmotiv of UPEACE: if you want Peace, work for Peace. And thus, through this path, the world Peace: to The Right and Future Present Past, David Fernández Puyana can achieve Peace without borders. With the contribution of Miguel Bosé United Nations UNESCO Chair “Peace, Solidarity Educational, Scientific and and Intercultural Dialogue” Cultural Organization Abat Oliba CEU University The Right to Peace: Past, Present and Future Christian Guillermet Fernández David Fernández Puyana With the contribution of Miguel Bosé ISBN 978-9930-542-02-6 United Nations UNESCO Chair “Peace, Solidarity Educational, Scientific and and Intercultural Dialogue” Cultural Organization Abat Oliba CEU University Printed in San Jose, Costa Rica by Perspectiva Digital S.A., November 2017 Index Acronyms .......................................................................................................... 9 Acknowledgements ...................................................................................... 11 Presentations H.E. Manuel González Sanz Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Costa Rica ...........................................13 Prof. Francisco Rojas Aravena Rector of the United Nations-mandated University for Peace ......................................15 Prof. Carmen Parra Rodríguez Chair-holder of the UNESCO Chair on Peace, Solidarity and Intercultural Dialogue Abat Oliba CEU University .............................................................................................17 Mr. Federico Mayor Zaragoza President of the Foundation for a Culture of Peace and Former Director General of UNESCO ............................................................................19 Prof. Antonio Papisca Chair-holder of the UNESCO Chair on Human Rights, Democracy and Peace ........21 Prof. Marco Mascia Director of the Human Rights Centre and UNESCO Chair on Human Rights, Democracy and Peace, University of Padova (Italy) ......................................................21 Mr. Miguel Bosé Co-Founder of the Foundation Peace without Borders .................................................23 Ms. Micòl Savia Representative in Geneva of the International Association of Democratic Lawyers (IADL) ............................................27 Ms. Maria Mercedes Rossi Representative in Geneva of the Comunità Papa Giovanni XXIII (APG23) ................27 Mr. Oliver Rizzi Carlson Representative in Geneva of the UN Network of United Network of Young Peacebuilders (UNOY) .....................................................................................27 Prologue The Declaration on the Right to Peace: a Long-Standing Debate Ms. Mona Zulficar Chairperson of the Drafting Group on the Right to Peace of the Advisory Committee of the UN Human Rights Council (2010-2012) .............. 29 General introduction Ambassador Christian Guillermet Fernández Dr. David Fernández Puyana Chairperson-Rapporteur and Legal Assistant of the UN Open-Ended Working Group on the Right to Peace (2012-2015) ................................................. 33 3 First Part Section I Philosophical approaches on the right to peace 1. New humanism ............................................................................................. 39 1.1. Analysis ................................................................................................ 39 1.2. Impact of the Humanist agenda within the United Nations .......... 42 2. Socialism ....................................................................................................... 42 2.1. Analysis ................................................................................................ 43 2.2. Impact of the socialist agenda within the United Nations .............. 46 Section II Peace agenda in the Cold War Universal Level 1. Declaration on Preparation of Societies for life in peace .......................... 47 1.1. Historical approach ............................................................................. 47 1.2. Legal Analysis ..................................................................................... 49 1.3. Follow-up of the Declaration .............................................................. 54 2. Declaration on the Right of Peoples to Peace ............................................ 62 2.1. Historical approach ............................................................................. 62 2.2. Legal Analysis ..................................................................................... 71 2.3. Follow-up of the Declaration .............................................................. 73 Regional Level 1. The right of peoples to peace and security in Africa ................................. 83 1.1. Introduction ......................................................................................... 83 1.2. Peoples’ rights under the African Charter ........................................ 83 1.3. Definition ............................................................................................. 88 1.4. Promoting peace and security at the domestic level ........................ 93 2. The role of Human Rights and Peace in the Southeast Asia Region ....... 94 2.1. Introduction ......................................................................................... 94 2.2. The Adoption of the ASEAN Human Rights Declaration ............... 95 2.3. Definition ............................................................................................. 96 4 Section III Peace Agenda after the Cold War 1. Initiative on the human right to peace within the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) ............. 101 1.1. Las Palmas ........................................................................................ 101 1.2. Oslo ..................................................................................................... 103 1.3. Bamako and Maputo ......................................................................... 107 1.4. International consultation of governmental experts on the human right to peace ............................................... 109 2. United Nations ........................................................................................... 115 2.1. Introduction ....................................................................................... 115 2.2. Commission on Human Rights ........................................................ 116 2.3. Human Rights Council ..................................................................... 125 2.3.1. Progress ................................................................................... 125 2.3.2. Impact ..................................................................................... 128 2.4. Human Rights Council Advisory Committee ................................. 131 2.4.1. Progress ................................................................................... 131 2.4.2. Linkage between the Advisory Committee Declaration and the Vienna Declaration ............................. 133 2.4.2.1. Education .................................................................134 2.4.2.2. Resistance and Opposition to Oppression ............136 2.4.2.3. Human Security ......................................................136 2.4.2.4. Peacekeeping ...........................................................137 2.4.2.5. Right to development ..............................................138 2.4.2.6. Environment ............................................................140 2.4.2.7. Rights of of Victims and Vulnerable Groups ........141 2.4.2.8. Refugees and Migrants ...........................................142 2.5. Open Ended Working Group on the Right to Peace ...................... 143 2.5.1. TICO approach ......................................................................
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