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Neural Lace" Company
5 Neuroscience Experts Weigh in on Elon Musk's Mysterious "Neural Lace" Company By Eliza Strickland (/author/strickland-eliza) Posted 12 Apr 2017 | 21:15 GMT Elon Musk has a reputation as the world’s greatest doer. He can propose crazy ambitious technological projects—like reusable rockets for Mars exploration and hyperloop tunnels for transcontinental rapid transit—and people just assume he’ll pull it off. So his latest venture, a new company called Neuralink that will reportedly build brain implants both for medical use and to give healthy people superpowers, has gotten the public excited about a coming era of consumerfriendly neurotech. Even neuroscientists who work in the field, who know full well how difficult it is to build working brain gear that passes muster with medical regulators, feel a sense of potential. “Elon Musk is a person who’s going to take risks and inject a lot of money, so it will be exciting to see what he gets up to,” says Thomas Oxley, a neural engineer who has been developing a medical brain implant since 2010 (he hopes to start its first clinical trial in 2018). Neuralink is still mysterious. An article in The Wall Street Journal (https://www.wsj.com/articles/elonmusklaunches neuralinktoconnectbrainswithcomputers1490642652) announced the company’s formation and first hires, while also spouting vague verbiage about “cranial computers” that would Image: iStockphoto serve as “a layer of artificial intelligence inside the brain.” So IEEE Spectrum asked the experts about what’s feasible in this field, and what Musk might be planning. -
Superhuman Enhancements Via Implants: Beyond the Human Mind
philosophies Article Superhuman Enhancements via Implants: Beyond the Human Mind Kevin Warwick Office of the Vice Chancellor, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK; [email protected] Received: 16 June 2020; Accepted: 7 August 2020; Published: 10 August 2020 Abstract: In this article, a practical look is taken at some of the possible enhancements for humans through the use of implants, particularly into the brain or nervous system. Some cognitive enhancements may not turn out to be practically useful, whereas others may turn out to be mere steps on the way to the construction of superhumans. The emphasis here is the focus on enhancements that take such recipients beyond the human norm rather than any implantations employed merely for therapy. This is divided into what we know has already been tried and tested and what remains at this time as more speculative. Five examples from the author’s own experimentation are described. Each case is looked at in detail, from the inside, to give a unique personal experience. The premise is that humans are essentially their brains and that bodies serve as interfaces between brains and the environment. The possibility of building an Interplanetary Creature, having an intelligence and possibly a consciousness of its own, is also considered. Keywords: human–machine interaction; implants; upgrading humans; superhumans; brain–computer interface 1. Introduction The future life of superhumans with fantastic abilities has been extensively investigated in philosophy, literature and film. Despite this, the concept of human enhancement can often be merely directed towards the individual, particularly someone who is deemed to have a disability, the idea being that the enhancement brings that individual back to some sort of human norm. -
Maybe Not--But You Can Have Fun Trying
12/29/2010 Can You Live Forever? Maybe Not--But… Permanent Address: http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=e-zimmer-can-you-live-forever Can You Live Forever? Maybe Not--But You Can Have Fun Trying In this chapter from his new e-book, journalist Carl Zimmer tries to reconcile the visions of techno-immortalists with the exigencies imposed by real-world biology By Carl Zimmer | Wednesday, December 22, 2010 | 14 comments Editor's Note: Carl Zimmer, author of this month's article, "100 Trillion Connections," has just brought out a much-acclaimed e-book, Brain Cuttings: 15 Journeys Through the Mind (Scott & Nix), that compiles a series of his writings on neuroscience. In this chapter, adapted from an article that was first published in Playboy, Zimmer takes the reader on a tour of the 2009 Singularity Summit in New York City. His ability to contrast the fantastical predictions of speakers at the conference with the sometimes more skeptical assessments from other scientists makes his account a fascinating read. Let's say you transfer your mind into a computer—not all at once but gradually, having electrodes inserted into your brain and then wirelessly outsourcing your faculties. Someone reroutes your vision through cameras. Someone stores your memories on a net of microprocessors. Step by step your metamorphosis continues until at last the transfer is complete. As engineers get to work boosting the performance of your electronic mind so you can now think as a god, a nurse heaves your fleshy brain into a bag of medical waste. As you —for now let's just call it "you"—start a new chapter of existence exclusively within a machine, an existence that will last as long as there are server farms and hard-disk space and the solar power to run them, are "you" still actually you? This question was being considered carefully and thoroughly by a 43-year-old man standing on a giant stage backed by high black curtains. -
Biographie De Pablo Picasso
DOSSIER DE PRESSE 1 SOMMAIRE Introduction et informations pratiques 3 Une exposition, deux ensembles thématiques 5 « Picasso Côte d’Azur » « Picasso dans la Collection Nahmad » 7 La famille Nahmad, 50 années au service de l’art 9 Présentation des Commissaires 12 Le parcours scénographique 13 La Biographie de Picasso et dates repères 16 Les séjours de Picasso sur la côte d’Azur 1920-1939 21 Imagier Presse 27 Le Grimaldi Forum 37 Les Partenaires 39 2 INTRODUCTION Cet été, le Grimaldi Forum crée l’événement en produisant l’exposition « Monaco fête Picasso », un hommage rendu à l'occasion du 40ème anniversaire de la disparition de cet artiste mondialement reconnu. La volonté du Grimaldi Forum Monaco est d’offrir un regard inédit sur sa production artistique, révélant non seulement les liens privilégiés qu’il a entretenus avec la Côte d’Azur, mais également une sélection exceptionnelle d’œuvres majeures issues d’une collection privée remarquable. Deux ensembles thématiques illustrent cette exposition à travers 160 œuvres : « Picasso Côte d'Azur » emmènera les visiteurs autour d’Antibes-Juan-les-Pins, Golfe-Juan, Mougins, Cannes, dans cette région qui a tant attiré Pablo Picasso l’été, entre 1920 et 1946, et où la lumière méditerranéenne, la mer et le littoral furent pour lui des sources directes d’inspiration. « Picasso dans la Collection Nahmad » mettra en lumière les chefs-d’œuvre de l’artiste qui occupent une place essentielle dans cette collection unique au monde, de par son importance et sa qualité, constituée par Ezra et David Nahmad durant ces cinquante dernières années. Le commissariat de l’exposition est conjointement assuré par Jean-Louis ANDRAL, Directeur du Musée Picasso d’Antibes, Marilyn McCULLY, spécialiste reconnue de Picasso, et Michael RAEBURN, écrivain qui a collaboré avec elle sur de nombreux ouvrages consacrés à Pablo Picasso. -
A Multi-Channel, Impedance-Matching, Wireless, Passive Recorder for Medical Applications (2019 Version)
A Multi-Channel, Impedance-Matching, Wireless, Passive Recorder for Medical Applications (2019 Version) Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Wei-Chuan Chen, B.Eng. Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering The Ohio State University 2019 Dissertation Committee: Asimina Kiourti, Co-Advisor John L. Volakis, Co-Advisor Liang Guo Daniel Rivers © Copyright by Wei-Chuan Chen 2019 Abstract This dissertation presents a new technology for batteryless and wireless neu- rorecording system which can be applied clinically. Two clinical issues of this type of neural implant are the 1) multichannel operation and 2) high impedance and DC voltage offset from the brain electrode impedance. To resolve these two problems, one wireless multichannel system and one brain electrode interface impedance-matching system are proposed respectively. To achieve multichannel operation, one photo- activated multiplexer is employed in the implant circuit. The interrogator additionally sends an infrared control signal for channel selection. Experimental results show that the proposed neuropotential recorder exhibits 20 µVpp sensitivity at all eight channels. The system is also in compliance with the strictest Federal Communications Com- mission standards for patient safety. Notably, the proposed approach is scalable to a much higher number of channels. On the other hand, to mitigate the high impedance and DC voltage offset of the brain-electrode interface, one self-biasing PNP Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) is adopted in the brain circuits. This self-biasing PNP BJT increases the overall system's impedance and maintains the system sensitivity while the high impedance is present. -
Thermal Impact of an Active 3-D Microelectrode Array Implanted in the Brain Sohee Kim, Member, IEEE, Prashant Tathireddy, Richard A
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL SYSTEMS AND REHABILITATION ENGINEERING, VOL. 15, NO. 4, DECEMBER 2007 493 Thermal Impact of an Active 3-D Microelectrode Array Implanted in the Brain Sohee Kim, Member, IEEE, Prashant Tathireddy, Richard A. Normann, Member, IEEE, and Florian Solzbacher, Member, IEEE Abstract—A chronically implantable, wireless neural interface lism, or induce physiological abnormalities [1]–[4]. As an ex- device will require integrating electronic circuitry with the inter- treme clinical case, it is reported that a patient with an implanted facing microelectrodes in order to eliminate wired connections. deep brain stimulator (DBS) suffered significant brain damage Since the integrated circuit (IC) dissipates a certain amount of power, it will raise the temperature in surrounding tissues where it after diathermy treatment, and subsequently died [5], [6]. In is implanted. In this paper, the thermal influence of the integrated their study, postmortem examinations showed acute deteriora- 3-D Utah electrode array (UEA) device implanted in the brain was tion in the tissue near the lead electrodes of the DBS induced investigated by numerical simulation using finite element analysis by excessive tissue heating. Even more moderate temperature (FEA) and by experimental measurement in vitro as well as in increases in tissue can cause significant damage to various cel- vivo. The numerically calculated and experimentally measured temperature increases due to the UEA implantation were in lular functions. A temperature increase of more than 3 above good agreement. The experimentally validated numerical model normal body temperature has been reported to lead to physiolog- predicted that the temperature increases linearly with power ical abnormalities such as angiogenesis or necrosis [2]. -
A Closed-Loop Brain-Computer Interface Software for Research and Medical Applications
The Braincon Platform Software – A Closed-Loop Brain-Computer Interface Software for Research and Medical Applications Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der technischen Fakultät der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau vorgelegt von Jörg Daniel Fischer aus Oberndorf am Neckar Freiburg 08/2014 Dekan Prof. Dr. Georg Lausen Referenten Prof. Dr. Gerhard Schneider (Erstgutachter) Prof. Dr. Thomas Stieglitz (Zweitgutachter) Datum der Promotion 11. Mai 2015 ii iii Comment on References This work contains text and figures from Fischer, J., Milekovic, T., Schneider, G. and Mehring, C. (2014), “Low-latency multi-threaded pro-cessing of neuronal signals for brain-computer interfaces”, Frontiers in Neuroengineering, Vol. 7, p. 1, doi 10.3389/fneng.2014.00001 that were slightly adapted to fit in smoothly with the whole text. Such text passages are marked in cursive font in the text body and in cursive font in figure captions. This work also contains text and figures from Kohler, F., Fischer, J., Gierthmuehlen, M., Gkogkidis, A., Henle, C., Ball, T., Wang, X., Rickert, J., Stieglitz, T. and Schuettler, M., Long-term in vivo validation of a fully-implantable, wireless brain-computer interface for cortical recording and stimulation, in preparation that were slightly adapted to fit in smoothly with the whole text. Such text passages are marked in cursive font in the text body and in cursive serif font in figure captions. iv Zusammenfassung Gehirn-Computer Schnittstellen (brain-computer interfaces, BCIs) bieten eine vielversprechende Möglichkeit zur Wiederherstellung der Bewegungsfähigkeit von schwerstgelähmten Menschen, zur Kommunikation mit Patienten, die in ihrem eigenen Körper gefangen sind oder zur Verbesserung der Wirkung von Maßnahmen zur Schlaganfallsrehabilitation. -
Wireless, Battery-Free, and Fully Implantable Electrical
Burton et al. Microsystems & Nanoengineering (2021) 7:62 Microsystems & Nanoengineering https://doi.org/10.1038/s41378-021-00294-7 www.nature.com/micronano ARTICLE Open Access Wireless, battery-free, and fully implantable electrical neurostimulation in freely moving rodents Alex Burton1,SangMinWon 2, Arian Kolahi Sohrabi3, Tucker Stuart1, Amir Amirhossein1,JongUkKim4, ✉ ✉ ✉ Yoonseok Park 4, Andrew Gabros3,JohnA.Rogers 4,5,6,7,8,9 , Flavia Vitale10 ,AndrewG.Richardson 3 and ✉ Philipp Gutruf 1,11,12 Abstract Implantable deep brain stimulation (DBS) systems are utilized for clinical treatment of diseases such as Parkinson’s disease and chronic pain. However, long-term efficacy of DBS is limited, and chronic neuroplastic changes and associated therapeutic mechanisms are not well understood. Fundamental and mechanistic investigation, typically accomplished in small animal models, is difficult because of the need for chronic stimulators that currently require either frequent handling of test subjects to charge battery-powered systems or specialized setups to manage tethers that restrict experimental paradigms and compromise insight. To overcome these challenges, we demonstrate a fully implantable, wireless, battery-free platform that allows for chronic DBS in rodents with the capability to control stimulation parameters digitally in real time. The devices are able to provide stimulation over a wide range of frequencies with biphasic pulses and constant voltage control via low-impedance, surface-engineered platinum electrodes. The devices utilize off-the-shelf components and feature the ability to customize electrodes to enable 1234567890():,; 1234567890():,; 1234567890():,; 1234567890():,; broad utility and rapid dissemination. Efficacy of the system is demonstrated with a readout of stimulation-evoked neural activity in vivo and chronic stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle in freely moving rats to evoke characteristic head motion for over 36 days. -
Brain-Computer Interfaces: U.S. Military Applications and Implications, an Initial Assessment
BRAIN- COMPUTER INTERFACES U.S. MILITARY APPLICATIONS AND IMPLICATIONS AN INITIAL ASSESSMENT ANIKA BINNENDIJK TIMOTHY MARLER ELIZABETH M. BARTELS Cover design: Peter Soriano Cover image: Adobe Stock/Prostock-studio Limited Print and Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited. Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of our research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions.html. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. R® is a registered trademark. For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/t/RR2996. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available for this publication. ISBN: 978-1-9774-0523-4 © Copyright 2020 RAND Corporation Summary points of failure, adversary access to new informa- tion, and new areas of exposure to harm or avenues Brain-computer interface (BCI) represents an emerg- of influence of service members. It also underscores ing and potentially disruptive area of technology institutional vulnerabilities that may arise, includ- that, to date, has received minimal public discussion ing challenges surrounding a deficit of trust in BCI in the defense and national security policy commu- technologies, as well as the potential erosion of unit nities. This research considered key areas in which cohesion, unit leadership, and other critical inter- future BCI technologies might be relevant for the personal military relationships. -
FLEXIBLE NEURAL PROBES with a FAST BIORESORBABLE SHUTTLE: from in Vitro to in Vivo Electrophysiological Recordings
Flexible neural probes with a fast bioresorbable shuttle : From in vitro to in vivo electrophysiological recordings Jolien Pas To cite this version: Jolien Pas. Flexible neural probes with a fast bioresorbable shuttle : From in vitro to in vivo elec- trophysiological recordings. Other. Université de Lyon, 2017. English. NNT : 2017LYSEM040. tel-01852012 HAL Id: tel-01852012 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01852012 Submitted on 31 Jul 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. N°d’ordre NNT : 2017LYSEM040 THESE de DOCTORAT DE L’UNIVERSITE DE LYON opérée au sein de l’Ecole des Mines de Saint-Etienne Ecole Doctorale N° 488 Sciences, Ingénierie, Santé Spécialité de doctorat : Microélectronique Discipline : Bioelectronique Soutenue publiquement/à huis clos le 11/12/2017, par : Jolien Pas Flexible neural probes with a fast bioresorbable shuttle From in vitro to in vivo electrophysiological recordings Devant le jury composé de : Lang, Jochen Professeur Université de Bordeaux Président du Jury et Reporteur Green, Rylie Professeur associé L’imperial -
Cyborgs and Enhancement Technology
philosophies Article Cyborgs and Enhancement Technology Woodrow Barfield 1 and Alexander Williams 2,* 1 Professor Emeritus, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, DC 98105, USA; [email protected] 2 140 BPW Club Rd., Apt E16, Carrboro, NC 27510, USA * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-919-548-1393 Academic Editor: Jordi Vallverdú Received: 12 October 2016; Accepted: 2 January 2017; Published: 16 January 2017 Abstract: As we move deeper into the twenty-first century there is a major trend to enhance the body with “cyborg technology”. In fact, due to medical necessity, there are currently millions of people worldwide equipped with prosthetic devices to restore lost functions, and there is a growing DIY movement to self-enhance the body to create new senses or to enhance current senses to “beyond normal” levels of performance. From prosthetic limbs, artificial heart pacers and defibrillators, implants creating brain–computer interfaces, cochlear implants, retinal prosthesis, magnets as implants, exoskeletons, and a host of other enhancement technologies, the human body is becoming more mechanical and computational and thus less biological. This trend will continue to accelerate as the body becomes transformed into an information processing technology, which ultimately will challenge one’s sense of identity and what it means to be human. This paper reviews “cyborg enhancement technologies”, with an emphasis placed on technological enhancements to the brain and the creation of new senses—the benefits of which may allow information to be directly implanted into the brain, memories to be edited, wireless brain-to-brain (i.e., thought-to-thought) communication, and a broad range of sensory information to be explored and experienced. -
MUSEUM ART Winter Issue 2019
& MUSEUM ART Winter Issue 2019 SPECTRUM MIAMI & RED DOT MIAMI Security. Integrity. Discretion. STORAGE MOVING SHIPPING INSTALLATION London | Paris | Côte d’Azur | New York | Los Angeles | Miami | Chicago | Dubai +44 (0) 208 023 6540 [email protected] www.cadogantate.com 47059 LEX Cadogan Tate A4 Page Advert V2.indd 1 17/06/2019 15:18 CONTENTS 12 ART DUE DILIGENCE PANEL 14 The Ritossa Family Office Summit Dubai under the patronage of Sheikh Ahmed Al Maktoum ART ON BOARD Art on board Superyachts 04 24 SPECTRUM MIAMI & RED DOT MIAMI Modigliani and His Muses Cover image: Artblend - Timothy Rives Rash II CEO & Editor Siruli Studio WELCOME Modigliani Institute in Korea ART & MUSEUM Magazine and will also appear at many of the largest finance, banking and Family MAGAZINE Office Events around the World. Welcome to Art & Museum Magazine. This Media Kit. - www.ourmediakit.co.uk publication is a supplement for Family Office Magazine, the only publication in the world We recently formed several strategic dedicated to the Family Office space. We have partnerships with organisations including 16 a readership of over 46,000 comprising of some The British Art Fair and Russian Art of the wealthiest people in the world and their Week. Prior to this we have attended and advisors. Many have a keen interest in the arts, covered many other international art fairs some are connoisseurs and other are investors. and exhibitions for our other publications. Many people do not understand the role of We are very receptive to new ideas for a Family Office. This is traditionally a private stories and editorials.