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Ed 370 413 Author Title Institution Pub Date Note DOCUMENT RESUME ED 370 413 FL 022 191 AUTHOR Roby, Linda M., Ed. TITLE Kansas Working Papers in Linguistics. Volume 19. INSTITUTION Kansas Univ., Lawrence. Dept. of Linguistics. PUB DATE 94 NOTE 475p.; For individual papers, see FL 022 192-207. AVAILABLE FROMEditors, KWPL, LGSA, Linguistics Department, 427 Blake Hall, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045. PUB TYPE Collected Works Serials (022) JOURNAL CIT Kansas Working Papers in Linguistics; v19 n1-2 1994 EDRS PRICE MFOI/PC19 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS African Languages; American Indian Languages; Chinese; Dakota; *Descriptive Linguistics; English (Second Language); Hausa; Higher Education; Korean; *Language Research; Language Typology; *Linguistics; Native Speakers; Semantics; Sentence Structure; *Structural Analysis (Linguistics); Uncommonly Taught Languages IDENTIFIERS Clitics; Kansa; Karankawa; Xhosa ABSTRACT This collection of papers presents the latest original research by the institutions. The papers in Number 1are: (1) "Xhosa departments of the University of Kansas,as well as contributors from other institutions. The papers in Number Iare: (1) "Xhosa Nominal Tonology: A Domain-Based Approach" (Mbulelo Jokweni); (2) "On the Representation of Mandarin Syllable Structure" (Feng-Lan Kuo);(3) "Vendler Classes and Reinterpretation" (Michihiko Kawamura);(4) "Negative Polarity Items and the Semantics of the Particles '-to' and '-na' in Korean" (Yae-sheik Lee);(5) "Clitics, Case Checking, and Causative Constructions" (Xavier Villalba); (6) "The Dual Status of the Null Object in Chinese" (Yanfeng Qu);(7) "On the Orientation Problem in Korean 'CAKI' Binding and the Typology of X Reflexive Binding" (Mi-Hui Cho);(8) "Complementation of Hausa Aspectual Verbs" (Lawan Danladi Yalwa);(9) "Deriving the Distribution of Conjunctions" (Ed Zoerner); and (10) "L2 Acquisition of English Reflexives by Native Speakers of Korean" (Hye-Ryun Kim). All six papers in Number 2 deal with Native American Languages: (11) "Karankawa Linguistic Materials" (Anthony P. Grant); (12) "Word-Level Nominalization in Choctaw" (Marcia Haag);(13) Reflexives in Mohawk" (Nancy Bonvillain); (14) "Proto-Algic V: Doublets and Their Implications" (Paul Proulx); (15) "The Limit of Structure Preservation in Dakhota Lexical Phonology" (John Kyle); and (16) "Notes on the Kansa Word List of Maximilit.n, Prince of Wied" (Robert L. Rankin). Each paper is followed by a reference list.(MDM) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best thatcan be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** efart4a4 dot-0,61/!5 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION PapetA°4 et;it CENTER (ERIC) IkThis dOcument has been reproduced as received from the person or organization riginating it 0 Minor changes have been made to wnprove reproduct.on duality Points of view or opinions stated in this dociz . ment do not necessarily represent official OERI position or poliCy PERMISSION TOREPRODUCE THIS eoldet- / MATERIAL HAS BEEN Woote GRANTED BY 10 1HE EDUCAIIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) (N) 2 Kansas Working Papers in Linguistics (KWPL) is a regular publication of the Linguistics Graduate Student Association, Department of Linguistics, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, 66045. Aim: Kansas Working Papers in Linguisticsis intended as a forum for the presentation, in print, of the latest original research by the faculty and students of the Department of Linguistics and other related departments at the University of Kansas. Papers contributed by persons not associated with the University of Kansas are also welcomed. The papers published in KWPL may notbe reproduced without written permission from the Linguistics Graduate Student Association. Calls for papers usually end in February of each year. Check yearly Call for Papers for exact date.Please send manuscripts, requests for individual orders, and inquiries to: Editors, KWPL LGSA, Linguistics Department 427 Blake Hall University of Kansas Lawrence, Kansas 66045 E-mail: [email protected] The price list for previously published volumes is available upon request. Postage is paid for requests from the United States and Canada. For orders outside the United States and Canada, please add US$3.00 per volume to help defray the costs of postage. A cumulative index may be found in Volume 16 and is available upon request.All institutions with a similar publication are encouraged to request a reciprocal agreement. Standing orders for Number 1, Number 2 (SNAL) or both are welcomed. The editor would like to express her sincere appreciation to the faculty and staff of the Department of Linguistics for their assistance and encouragement, especially Professor Sara T. Rosen, Mary S. Linn, and Giulia R.M. Oliverio.I would also like to thank the Graduate Student Council for their continuing support. Cover design, with a minor botanical alteration, by David Andrew Toshraah Nokose Skeeter. Kansas Working Papers in Linguistics edited by Linda M. Roby Volume 19, Number 1 1994 Partial funding for this journal is provided by the Graduate Student Council through the Student Activity Fee. © Linguistics Graduate Student Association University of Kansas, 1994 4 Kansas Working Papers inLinguistics Volume 19, Number 1. 1994 Xhosa Nominal Tonology: ADomain-Based Approach Mbulelo Jokweni 1 On the Representation ofMandarin Syllable Structure Peng-Lan Kuo 19 Vend ler Classes and Reinterpretation Michihiko Kawamura 53 Negative Polarity Items and theSemantics of the Particles -to and -na in Korean Yae-sheik Lee 89 Clitics, Case Checking, and CausativeConstructions Xavier Villa lba 125 The Dual Status of the NullObject in Chinese Yanfeng Qu 149 On the Orientation Problem inKorean caki Binding and the Typology of X° ReflexiveBinding Mi-Hui Cho 165 Complementation of Hausa Aspectual Verbs Lawan Dan MI Yalwa 185 Deriving the Distribution of Conjunctions Ed Zoerner 217 L2 Acquisition of EnglishReflexives by Native Speakers of Korean Hye-Ryun Kim 235 5 XHOSA NOMINALTONOLOGY: A Domain-based Approach Mbulelo Jokweni University of Illinois Abstract:In this paper I argue that adomain-based approach explains in a straight forward way,by means of a single H tone spread rule, the complextonal structure of isiXhosa nouns. For every noun typeI propose H tone-motivated domain structures,and I call them Tone Domains(TDs).The number of TDs is determined by the number oflexical H tones in a word.I then demonstrate that the H tonein each TD spreads to its right edge provided the Obligatory ContourPrinciple (OCP) is not violated. The significance of thisapproach is that it explains why the preprefixal H tone would spread tothe penult in some words, but to the antepenult in others.Also, it explains why the preprefixalH tone is subjected tothe rule in some nouns, but notothers. I.Introduction. In this paper I proposeand discuss a domain-based approach toXhosa nominal tonology.I show that the domain-basedapproach to phonology, developed by Kisseberth (1992),is a successful theoretical devicefor the analysis of complex tonal systemssuch as Xhosa, a Bantu languagespoken in South Africa. In particular, I arguethat within this framework there isonly one H tone spread rule in Xhosa nominals,and that this rule applies within a tonedomain which is triggered by the presenceof a H tone. Kisseberth (1992) defines adomain as 'a sequence of phonologicalmaterial enclosed by a left and rightbracket'. He asserts that this approach assumesthe existence of phonologicalrules, and that 'prior to the applicationof a rule to a representation, a domain structureshould be assigned to the representation.' I must from the onset statethat although this approach entails the samecentral and Vogel idea of 'prosodic domains'developed by Selkirk (1980a, b) and Nespor somewhat different view in that it does notrely (1986), it nonetheless represents a analysis will show that a on the hierarchyof prosodic levels. For example, my word may have a sequence ofunlayered tonal domains depending on thenumber of lexical H tones. In general Kisseberth takesthe position that the domain types arereflexes of that phonological, morphological,and syntactic structure. I should also mention in addition to H tones, themorphological structure also plays a role inassigning domains for the phonologicalrepresentations. Evidence for the projection of domains on the basis of morphologyis found in 'Cole 1992'. The outline of this paper is asfollows. First, I briefly describe in section 2 relevant to the some morphological,phonological and tonal phenomena which are assignment of domains andthe application of phonological processes.In section 3 I present some datafrom Xhosa and briefly outline theproblems of tonal 6 Kansas Working Papers in Linguistics, Volume 19,Number 1, 1994, pp. 1-17 2 analysis.In section 4 I discuss the assignment of domain structures and the application of phonological processes within domains. Finally, in section 5 I summarize the main points of my analysis. 2.Morphological. phonological and tonal structure. The morphological structure of Xhosa nominals is not simple.It is particularly made complex by the 'irregular' behavior of the noun class prefix.. As shown in 1, a Xhosa noun is composed of the noun class prefix and the stem. The prefix has an initial vowel which is referred to as the preprefix in the literature (Pahl 1976). The preprefix is a copy of the prefix vowel.
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