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557688 Bk Fukai EU 12/9/05 11:10 AM Page 12 557688 bk Fukai EU 12/9/05 11:10 AM Page 12 Also available Shiro FUKAI Songs of Java • Creation Four Parodies for Orchestra Russian Philharmonic Orchestra • Dmitry Yablonsky 8.555071 8.557688 12 557688 bk Fukai EU 12/9/05 11:10 AM Page 2 marschähnlicher Tanz fügt sodann das Chaos zur des javanischen Sunda-Distrikts. In der japanischen Shiro Fukai (1907-1959) Ordnung. Die dritte Szene steht für den Optimismus des Wissenschaft und Kunst der Zeit wurden diese Chantes de Java • Création • Quatre mouvements parodiques Zusammenwirkens von Kaiser und Volk, um die historischen Affinitäten denn auch häufig thematisiert. Schwierigkeiten des Jahres 1940 zu überwinden. Das brillante Ostinato aus Streichertremolo, Glo- In the second half of the nineteenth century, Japanese available score of Ravel and Stravinsky. This brought Image symphonique „Chantes de Java“ wurde ckenspiel, Vibraphon, Klavier und Celesta beschwört in westernisation in music led first to an interest in him skill in orchestration, and he also studied privately 1942 vollendet und als Rundfunkproduktion am 18. sinnlichem Klanggestus die Atmosphäre der Südsee; German musical traditions, while the Army Band, on with Sugahara. Januar 1943 unter Takaschi Asahina vom Japanischen darüber schwebt die Melodie des En Lilin-Volkslieds. the contrary, took France as its model, with many of its Sugahara and Fukai were, however, very different Sinfonieorchester uraufgeführt. Das Werk erschien Es folgt eine Episode über eine weitere javanische musicians trained in France. From this latter from each other. Sugahara, until the 1930s, was eager to kurze Zeit später auch auf Schallplatte und wurde von Melodie. Danach kehrt das Es-Lilin-Thema zurück und background emerged, in the 1920s, the self-taught combine Japanese tradition with the French style, while Asahina in zahlreichen Aufführungen (u.a. in Tokio und führt die Musik über einen klimaktischen Aufschwung composer Meiro Sugahara (1897-1988), who became an Fukai, ten years younger, no longer gave special Schanghai) aufgeführt. Auch diese Komposition ist eine dem Werkende entgegen, das wie das Zerrinnen eines opponent of the German school musicians from the attention to Japanese tradition. To him Japanese Verbeugung vor Maurice Ravel, insbesondere vor kurzen Traums anmutet. Möglicherweise spielte Fukai, Tokyo Music School, such as Kósçak Yamada and tradition provided material that might be used, but his dessen Boléro. Den Hauptteil dieser Chantes de Java der für seine ironische Sicht von Geschichte und Kultur Kiyoshi Nobutoki. Sugahara maintained that studying principal interest was in French music, above all baut Fukai in geradezu magischer Instrumentierung auf bekannt war, hier auf den Zusammenbruch der sog. French music would be more appropriate, as Japanese Ravel’s works, not because the French style had einer hartnäckig wiederholten crescendierenden groß-ostasiatischen Wohlstandsgemeinschaft an. traditional music was more linear than harmonic and affinities with Japanese traditional music, but because Melodie auf. Das Melodiethema stammt aus der java- more modal than tonal. Sugahara thus became the he loved the artificial beauty of modern cities, and, as a nischen Volksmusik, wo es als Es Lilin im Sunda- Gekürzte Bearbeitung eines Beitrags von leader of the French school from the 1920s to the 1930s. modernist, no longer had special feelings for the old Distrikt der Insel gesungen wird. Die Wahl ist bewusst Morihide Katayama Fukai was among his pupils. Japan. For him everything should be clear, precise, and getroffen, ähneln sich doch die Volkslieder Japans und Deutsche Fassung: Bernd Delfs Shiro Fukai was born to a medical family on 4th light, which led him to dislike weightier music like April 1907 in Akita, some 400 kilometres north of Beethoven’s symphonies or sonatas. He valued most Tokyo. After graduating from junior high school there, highly Ravel and Stravinsky, or Les Six and Ibert, he moved to Kagoshima, 1000 kilometres southwest of although Stravinsky’s boldness and violence proved Tokyo, and entered Kagoshima Seventh Senior High eventually incompatible with his taste, while Ravel School. Here he completed his studies, but was remained his ultimate goal. prevented from continuing at university by tuberculosis, It was not long before Fukai’s music won high from which he recovered in a period of two years of acclaim in Tokyo. Here he became a hero of the urban convalescence in Akita. In Kagoshima Fukai heard intellectual class, who did not like Germanic heaviness plenty of western music on records and was particularly and were tired of excessive attention to Japanese fascinated by Stravinsky’s L’oiseau de feu. In Akita tradition. It is true that he wrote music based on again, he became familiar with French music, and began Japanese and Asian materials from the second half of to compose, moving to Tokyo in 1928, in defiance of the 1930s to 1945, complying with the demands of the his family’s wishes. There he attended several private wartime regime, but he still maintained a cool Ravelian music schools, and frequently visited Nanki Music eye, keeping his distance from ecstatic nationalism. His Library, where many music scores and books had been attitude never changed after World War II. He felt that assembled by Yorisada Tokugawa, a descendant of the the twelve-tone method was no more violent than Tokugawa shogun family that had ruled over Japan Stravinsky’s music. Works by Messiaen and Jolivet until the second half of the nineteenth century, and a seemed to return to savageness, little different from student of Stanford in London. Starting his study of wartime nationalism. To Fukai the music that showed music late, Fukai memorised scores by the composers the most balanced musical ideals was still that of Ravel. he was interested in, and later recalled learning every Apart from the three works included here, Fukai’s 8.557688 2 11 8.557688 557688 bk Fukai EU 12/9/05 11:10 AM Page 10 Le tombeau de Couperin und Pavane pour une infante besorgte Takaya Eguchi. Die Handlung des Balletts ist main works include ballet music Metropolis (1934) and on a sad theme written in the Dorian scale, is an elegy défunte. Zart singt die Querflöte über Streichern und eine Verbindung von japanischer Evolutionstheorie und Voice of Autumn (1950), Song of Manchuria - for Spain destroyed by the civil war of 1936. Klavier ein Ravel nachempfundenes Thema im der politischen Situation der Zeit – eine Kombination, Symphonic Suite (1941), Trois mouvements pour un The second movement is Stravinsky: “Dear Igor phrygischen Modus. Das Thema entwickelt sich frei, für die Fukai eine minutiös ausgearbeitete Komposition ballet imaginaire (1956), and Tokyo - Symphonic Stravinsky. Your eccentric, unexpected way of bevor es zu seiner ursprünglichen Gestalt zurückkehrt. kreierte, in der Quarten und kleine Sekunden Chaos und Picture Scroll (1957), the cantata Prayer for Peace composition reminds me of Chin-Dong-ya (a Japanese Satz 4: Roussel. „Lieber Albert Roussel, Ich Verwirrung symbolisieren, während Quinten und große (1950), Divertissement pour 13 exécutants (1955) and advertising group, consisting of sandwich-men, bewundere Sie, dass Sie trotz Ihres hohen Alters in der Sekunden für das Prinzip Ordnung stehen. Four Japanese Folk Songs (1957). He also began to clarinettists and bass drummers, walking the streets as Lage sind, Musik voller Energie zu schreiben. Dieses Das Werk besteht aus drei Szenen: Die erste, write music for films in the first half of the 1930s and it they play). This piece is your portrait, who performs Stück stellt Sie beim Verzehr von vier Beefsteaks dar. Naissance des dieux (Geburt der Götter), hebt mit became his main source of income, with scores for Chin-Dong-ya, dressed in a tail coat, wearing a silk Immer wenn Sie versuchen, das Fleisch hastig einem wiederholten Viertonmotiv in den unteren nearly 200 films, including films directed by Kenji hat.” The prototypes of the main rhythm patterns and hinunterzuschlucken, gerät die Musik in unnatürliche Streichern an, wobei Quartschritte das vorzeitliche Mizoguchi and Tom Uchida. Fukai died suddenly on melodies are found in the first movement March and the Wellenbewegungen.“ In den ursprünglichen Cinq Chaos darstellen. Es folgt im Dreiertakt eine elegante, 2nd July 1959 in Kyoto, where he was staying while final movement Galop of Suite No.2 for small orchestra. mélodies war dies der Bartók-Satz; außer dem Titel das Chaos ordnende Violinmelodie, basierend auf der working on music for a film. Fukai uses these materials in the style of Petrushka, and nahm Fukai keinerlei Änderungen vor. Das Eröff- pentatonischen Ritsu-Tonleiter der japanischen In 1933 Fukai wrote Cinq parodies, a suite adds a barbaric and abrupt coda, imitating Le sacre du nungsthema könnte eine Variante des Motivs aus Gagaku-Musik. Begleitet wird dieses Thema von vier consisting of five movements dedicated respectively to printemps. Bartóks Tanzsuite sein, aber die Art und Weise, in der Noten, einer Kombination von auf- und absteigenden de Falla, Stravinsky, Malipiero, Ravel and Bartók. It The third movement is Ravel: “Dear Maurice das Thema sich zu kraftvollen Rhythmen steigert, oder reinen Hornquinten. Die erste Szene stellt den was first performed in a broadcast in May of the Ravel. You were never to get married. You laughed at wie die Melodie im Mittelteil behandelt wird, lässt eher japanischen Schöpfungsmythos dar, nach dem die following year, with the composer conducting the New the innocent peacock (Le paon) in your Histoires an den Stil von Roussels Sinfonie Nr. 3 oder Bacchus et Götter (Quinten) das Land aus dem Schlamm des Symphony Orchestra (today’s NHK Symphony naturelles, saying that it was like a man deserted by his Ariane denken. In summa stellt dieser Satz den Versuch Meeres (Quarten) schufen. Orchestra). In 1936 he reassembled this work into fiancée on the very day of marriage. You appear to me dar, Bartók-Material aus der Sicht Roussels zu repro- Die zweite Szene, Naissance des êtres vivants Quatre mouvements parodiques by removing the the alter ego of the peacock.” This movement follows duzieren.
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