DOCSLIB.ORG

The Trojan Horse a Reason to Look a Gift Horse in the Mouth

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Trojan Horse a Reason to Look a Gift Horse in the Mouth Here’s an excerpt from: “What Can Tall Tales…” The students will enjoy this tidbit about ancient Greece and Rome. The Trojan Horse A reason to look a gift horse in the mouth A Fun Fact In Greek Mythology, the Trojan Horse was disguised as a gift, but secretly let Greek soldiers into Troy. In computer software, a Trojan Horse is disguised as a legitimate program, but it actually harms the computer. The Quick Version of the Story… This story goes back over 3,000 years. Somewhere around the 12th or 13th century BC, the armies of Ancient Greece squared off against the armies of Troy (a nation-state in Asia Minor, which is currently located near the nation of Turkey) in the famous Trojan War. The war is wrapped up in legend and myth, but it is said to have started when the King of Troy kidnapped a Greek woman named Helen. Helen just so happened to be the most beautiful woman in the world, and apparently was well worth fighting for. After ten years of brutal warfare, the Greek soldiers were still unable to penetrate the walls of Troy. Then someone came up with a brilliant idea. The Greeks decided to build a giant wooden horse, and they convinced the Trojans (as the people of Troy were known) that the horse was a gift. There were a few skeptics, but the Trojans decided to allow the wooden horse to enter Troy. Of course, there was a catch. The Trojan Horse was so large that an entire Greek army was able to hide inside of it. Once the horse was safely inside the city walls, the Greek warriors popped out and gained a victory in the Trojan War. www.stepawayfromthetextbook.com Here’s an excerpt from: “What Can Tall Tales…” The students will enjoy this tidbit about ancient Greece and Rome. What it tells us about World History… Ironically, there’s a saying that goes, “Never look a gift horse in the mouth.” Obviously, that piece of advice did not originate from the lessons of the Trojan War (the saying actually refers to the practice of judging a horse by looking at its teeth). The Trojan Horse, along with many of the details of the Trojan War, are a part of Greek Mythology. The war was first recorded by Homer in his epic poems the Iliad and The Odyssey. Both of these poems were written almost 500 years after the Trojan War was said to have been fought. The specific details of the Trojan Horse were recorded by a poet named Virgil, who wasn’t born until 1,000 years after the war was fought. With so little to go by, how can anyone be sure that there was a Trojan War? A few ways. For starters, most Greek Mythology came from oral stories that had passed from generation to generation. These stories helped keep alive certain historical events (such as the Trojan War), or they explained how things came to be (for example, why was there an echo when you yelled into a cave, or why did the sun set in the west). These myths proved to be great starting points for future historians. In the late 1900s, archaeologists used the clues that Homer gave them, and started to excavate in modern day Turkey. After some serious digging, they uncovered the ancient city of Troy. As the stories suggested, there were signs that the city came to an end through war (i.e. slingshot bullets were uncovered) in the 12th century BC. It should be noted, however, that nobody found a giant wooden horse. Excerpt from: Bache, Ben. "What Can Tall Tales, Superstitions, Traditions, and Urban Legends Teach Us About World History?" Greenville, SC: Homecourt, 2008. Print. www.stepawayfromthetextbook.com .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • PLATE I . Jug of the 15Th Century B.C. from Kourion UNIVERSITY MUSEUM BULLETIN VOL
    • PLATE I . Jug of the 15th Century B.C. from Kourion UNIVERSITY MUSEUM BULLETIN VOL . 8 JANUARY. 1940 N o. l THE ACHAEANS AT KOURION T HE University Museum has played a distinguished part in the redis- covery of the pre-Hellenic civilization of Greece. The Heroic Age de- scribed by Homer was first shown to have a basis in fact by Schliemann's excavations at Troy in 1871, and somewhat later at Mycenae and Tiryns, and by Evans' discovery of the palace of King Minos at Knossos in Crete. When the first wild enthusiasm blew itself out it became apparent that many problems raised by this newly discovered civilization were not solved by the first spectacular finds. In the period of careful excavation and sober consideration of evidence which followed, the University Mu- seum had an important part. Its expeditions to various East Cretan sites did much lo put Cretan archaeology on the firm foundation it now enjoys. Alter the excavations at Vrokastro in East Crete in 1912 the efforts of the Museum were directed to other lands. It was only in 1931, when an e xpedition under the direction of Dr. B. H. Hill excavated at Lapithos in Cyprus, that the University Museum re-entered the early Greek field. The Cyprus expedition was recompcsed in 1934, still under the direc- tion of Dr. Hill, with the assistance of Mr. George H. McFadden and the writer, and began work at its present site, ancient Kourion. Kourion was 3 in classical times lhe capital of cne of the independent kingdoms of Cyprus, and was traditionally Greek.
    [Show full text]
  • Three Conquests of Canaan
    ÅA Wars in the Middle East are almost an every day part of Eero Junkkaala:of Three Canaan Conquests our lives, and undeniably the history of war in this area is very long indeed. This study examines three such wars, all of which were directed against the Land of Canaan. Two campaigns were conducted by Egyptian Pharaohs and one by the Israelites. The question considered being Eero Junkkaala whether or not these wars really took place. This study gives one methodological viewpoint to answer this ques- tion. The author studies the archaeology of all the geo- Three Conquests of Canaan graphical sites mentioned in the lists of Thutmosis III and A Comparative Study of Two Egyptian Military Campaigns and Shishak and compares them with the cities mentioned in Joshua 10-12 in the Light of Recent Archaeological Evidence the Conquest stories in the Book of Joshua. Altogether 116 sites were studied, and the com- parison between the texts and the archaeological results offered a possibility of establishing whether the cities mentioned, in the sources in question, were inhabited, and, furthermore, might have been destroyed during the time of the Pharaohs and the biblical settlement pe- riod. Despite the nature of the two written sources being so very different it was possible to make a comparative study. This study gives a fresh view on the fierce discus- sion concerning the emergence of the Israelites. It also challenges both Egyptological and biblical studies to use the written texts and the archaeological material togeth- er so that they are not so separated from each other, as is often the case.
    [Show full text]
  • "A Collaborative Study of Early Glassmaking in Egypt C. 1500 BC." Annales Du 13E Congrès De L’Association Internationale Pour L’Histoire Du Verre
    Lilyquist, C.; Brill, R. H. "A Collaborative Study of Early Glassmaking in Egypt c. 1500 BC." Annales du 13e Congrès de l’Association Internationale pour l’Histoire du Verre. Lochem, the Netherlands: AIHV, 1996, pp. 1-9. © 1996, Lochem AIHV. Used with permission. A collaborative study of early glassmaking in Egypt c. 1500 BC C. Lilyquist and R. H. Brill Our study of early glass was begun when we discovered that Metropolitan Museum objects from the tomb of three foreign wives of Tuthmosis I11 in the Wadi Qirud at Luxor had many more vitreous items than had been thought during the last 60 years. Not only was there a glass lotiform vessel (fig. 34)', but two glassy vessels (fig. lo), and many beads and a great amount of inlay of glass (figs. 36-40). As it became apparent that half of the inlays had been colored by cobalt (that rare metal whose provenance in the 2nd millennium BC is still a mystery), and when the primary author realized that most of the Egyptian glass studies published up to then had used 14th113th century BC or poorly dated samples, rather than 15th cen- tury BC or earlier glass, a collaborative project was begun at The Metropolitan Museum of Art and The Corning Museum of Glass. The first goal was to build a corpus of early dated glasses, compositionally analyzed. As we proceeded, we therefore-decided to explore glassy materials contempo- rary with, or earlier than, our "pre-Malkata Palace" glasses as we called them (i.e., pre-1400 BC; figs. 1, 3-5,7-9).
    [Show full text]
  • Islamic Republic of Iran
    Grids & Datums ISLAM I C REPUBL I C OF IR AN by Clifford J. Mugnier, C.P., C.M.S. “Archaeologists suggest that during Neolithic times small numbers Reza Shah aimed to improve the status of women and to that end of hunters lived in caves in the Zagros and Alborz Mountains and in he made wearing the chador (black cloak) illegal. Like Atatürk, too, the southeast of the country. Iran’s first organized settlements were he insisted on the wearing of Western dress and moved to crush the established in Elam, the lowland region in what is now Khuzestan power of the religious establishment. However, Reza had little of the province, as far back as the middle of the 3rd millennium BC. Elam subtlety of Atatürk and his edicts made him many enemies. Some was close enough to Mesopotamia and the great Sumerian civilization women embraced his new dress regulations, but others found them to feel its influence, and records suggest the two were regular oppo- impossible to accept. nents on the battlefield. The Elamites established their capital at Shush “On his return to Iran on 1 February 1979, Khomeini told the exul- and derived their strength through a remarkably enlightened federal tant masses of his vision for a new Iran, free of foreign influence and system of government that allowed the various states to exchange true to Islam: ‘From now on it is I who will name the government’. the natural resources unique to each region. The Elamites’ system of Ayatollah Khomeini soon set about proving the adage that ‘after inheritance and power distribution was also quite sophisticated for the revolution comes the revolution’.
    [Show full text]
  • Karduniaš. Babylonia Under the Kassites
    Karduniaš. Babylonia Under the Kassites The Proceedings of the Symposium Held in Munich 30 June to 2 July 2011 Tagungsbericht des Münchner Symposiums 30. Juni bis 2. Juli 2011 edited by Alexa Bartelmus and Katja Sternitzke Volume 1 Philological and Historical Studies Bereitgestellt von | Universitaetsbibliothek der LMU München Angemeldet | [email protected] Heruntergeladen am | 16.08.17 09:30 ISBN 978-1-5015-1163-9 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-1-5015-0356-6 e-ISBN (ePub) 978-1-5015-0348-1 ISSN 0502-7012 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication data A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress. Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available in the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2017 Walter de Gruyter Inc., Boston/Berlin Typesetting: fidus Publikations-Service GmbH, Nördlingen Printing and binding: Druckerei Hubert & Co. GmbH und Co. KG ♾ Printed on acid-free paper Printed in Germany www.degruyter.com Bereitgestellt von | Universitaetsbibliothek der LMU München Angemeldet | [email protected] Heruntergeladen am | 16.08.17 09:30 Jared L. Miller 3 Political Interactions between Kassite Babylonia and Assyria, Egypt and Ḫatti during the Amarna Age Introduction This paper aims first to provide a concise overview of the political interactions between Kassite Babylonia and the other Great Powers of the Amarna Age, i.e. Egypt, Ḫatti, Mittani and Assyria, a subject which could naturally fill a sizable monograph, or rather, a series of monographs. In an attempt to justify yet another general introduction to the era,1 this paper will also discuss two items to which some minor novel contribution can be made.
    [Show full text]
  • Assembling the Iron Age Levant: the Archaeology of Communities, Polities, and Imperial Peripheries
    J Archaeol Res (2016) 24:373–420 DOI 10.1007/s10814-016-9093-8 Assembling the Iron Age Levant: The Archaeology of Communities, Polities, and Imperial Peripheries Benjamin W. Porter1 Published online: 5 March 2016 © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016 Abstract Archaeological research on the Iron Age (1200–500 BC) Levant, a narrow strip of land bounded by the Mediterranean Sea and the Arabian Desert, has been balkanized into smaller culture historical zones structured by modern national borders and disciplinary schools. One consequence of this division has been an inability to articulate broader research themes that span the wider region. This article reviews scholarly debates over the past two decades and identifies shared research interests in issues such as ethnogenesis, the development of territorial polities, economic intensification, and divergent responses to imperial interventions. The broader contributions that Iron Age Levantine archaeology offers global archaeological inquiry become apparent when the evidence from different corners of the region is assembled. Keywords Empire · Ethnicity · Middle East · State Introduction The Levantine Iron Age (c. 1200–500 BC) was a transformative historical period that began with the decline of Bronze Age societies throughout the Eastern Mediterranean and concluded with the collapse of Babylonian imperial rule at the end of the sixth century BC. Sandwiched between Mesopotamia and the Mediterranean Sea on the east and west, and Anatolia and Egypt on the north and south (Figs. 1 and 2), respectively, a patchwork of Levantine societies gradually established political polities, only to see them dismantled and reshaped in the wake & Benjamin W. Porter [email protected] 1 Phoebe A.
    [Show full text]
  • SEA PEOPLES” and CANAAN in TRANSITION C
    “SEA PEOPLES” AND CANAAN IN TRANSITION c. 1200-950 B.C. The Levant underwent significant changes and transformations between 1200 and 950 B.C., a period which corresponds to the end of the Late Bronze Age and to Iron Age I. The Bronze Age Canaanite and North-Syrian city-state system was then replaced by an ethno-political structure in which the various regions of the Levant were inhabited by different peoples. This change was accompanied by the collapse of the Hittite empire, by a considerable shrinking of the Assyrian power basis, and by the evanescence of the Egyptian control in Syro-Phoenicia and in Canaan, with concomitant and widespread destructions of the urban cen- tres. The consequence was the abrupt and of historical records provided by the cuneiform archives of Hattusha, Emar, and Ugarit, which were not replaced by a sufficient amount of reliable indigenous sources. Only a few inscriptions, especially from Byblos, and some passages hypo- thetically distinguishable in the biblical accounts can be considered as historical sources related to this period. This lack of indigenous docu- ments is by no means filled by the rare external references in Egypt and in Assyria, although one cannot neglect the “Israel Stela” of Merneptah, the Medinet Habu inscriptions and reliefs, which describe the wars of Ramses III against the “Sea Peoples” in his 8th year, the statement in Papyrus Harris I, that Ramses III settled his defeated foes in his strong- holds, the Tale of Wen Amon and the Onomasticon of Amenope, two literary works from the 11th century B.C., as well as the annals of Tiglath-pileser I (1114-1076 B.C.).
    [Show full text]
  • CANAAN Son of Ham, Grandson of Noah, Who Laid a Curse
    CANAAN Son of Ham, grandson of Noah, who laid a curse upon him ( Ge 9:18,22-27). In Ge 10:15-19 eleven groups who historically inhabited Phoenicia in particular and Syria-Palestine in general are listed as his descendants. See also the following article. K.A.K. CANAAN, CANAANITES A Semitic-speaking people and their territory, principally in Phoenicia. Their racial affinities are at present uncertain. I. The name The name Canaan (Heb. e ) of people and land derives from that of their forebear Canaan or Kna‘ (see previous article) according to both Ge 10:15-18 and native Canaanite- Phoenician tradition as transmitted by Sanchuniathon and preserved by Philo of Byblos. Kna‘(an) is the native name of the Canaanites-Phoenicians applied to them both in Greek sources and by the Phoenicians themselves ( e.g. on coins; see W. F. Albright, p. 1, n. 1, in his paper, ‘The Rôle of the Canaanites in the History of Civilization’, in The Bible and the Ancient Near East, Essays for W. F. Albright , 1961, pp. 328-362; cited hereafter as BANE Vol.). The meaning of Kn‘(n) is unknown. Outside the Bible, the name occurs both with and without the final n This n could be either a final n of a common Semitic type, or else a Hurrian suffix (Albright, op.cit. , p. 25, n. 50). Formerly, some linked kn‘(n) with words for ‘purple dye’, esp. in Hurrian (with Speiser, Language 12, 1936, p. 124), but this was disproved by Landsberger ( JCS 21, 1967, p. 106f.). II.
    [Show full text]
  • From 12Th Century BC to 2017, Art in Startling Variety
    9/21/2018 From 12th Century B.C. to 2017, Art in Startling Variety - The New York Times From 12th Century B.C. to 2017, Art in Startling Variety By Anita Gates March 7, 2018 Deana Lawson, “Binky and Tony Forever,” 2009. RISD Museum, Providence New England BOSTON “Fra Angelico: Heaven on Earth.” This exhibition is something of a reunion: In the early 1400s, the Renaissance artist Fra Angelico did four reliquaries depicting events in the life of the Virgin Mary. In 1899, the newly widowed American collector Isabella Stewart Gardner bought one https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/07/arts/from-12th-century-bc-to-2017-art-in-startling-variety.html 1/13 9/21/2018 From 12th Century B.C. to 2017, Art in Startling Variety - The New York Times of them, “Assumption and Dormition of the Virgin,” and brought it back to Boston. Now its three companions, from the Museo de San Marco in Florence, are coming to visit. Through May 20. Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum, 25 Evans Way; 617‑566‑1401,gardnermuseum.org BOSTON “Klimt and Schiele: Drawn.” Exactly 100 years ago, two of Austria’s most revered and convention‑challenging artists died: Gustav Klimt (1862‑1918) and Egon Schiele (1890‑1918). This show of 60 rarely seen drawings, on loan from the Albertina Museum in Vienna, focuses on how the two men’s works related, despite drastic differences in style, and on their daring depictions of the human body. Through May 28. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, 465 Huntington Avenue; 617‑267‑ 9300, mfa.org HARTFORD “Frederic Church: A Painter’s Pilgrimage.” We know the Hartford‑born Church (1826‑1900) as a master of the Hudson River School, but he constantly traveled internationally, seeking fresh inspiration for his landscapes.
    [Show full text]
  • Anatolia Between the 13 and the 12 Century
    Collana di studi sulle civiltà dell’Oriente antico fondata da Fiorella Imparati e Giovanni Pugliese Carratelli diretta da Stefano de Martino Stefano de Martino – Elena Devecchi ANATOLIA BETWEEN THE 13th AND THE 12th CENTURY BCE LoGisma editore 3 Collana di studi sulle civiltà dell’Oriente antico fondata da Fiorella Imparati e Giovanni Pugliese Carratelli editor Stefano de Martino scientific board Mauro Giorgieri, Jared L. Miller, Mark Weeden, Gernot Wilhelm Questa pubblicazione è stata realizzata con il contributo della Università degli Studi di Torino - Dipartimento di Studi Storici Progetto DEMS_PRIN_2015_16_01 “L’Anatolia antica: politiche imperiali e culture locali tra XV e VII secolo a.C. Problemi di etnicità, assetti urbani e territoriali, tradizione e innovazione”. Stefano de Martino – Elena Devecchi (a cura di), Anatolia between the 13th and the 12th century BCE. (Eothen; 23) Copyright © 2020 LoGisma editore www.logisma.it - [email protected] ISBN 978-88-94926-25-5 Printed in January 2020 4 ARE THERE SIGNS OF THE DECLINE OF THE LATE HITTITE STATE IN THE TEXTUAL DOCUMENTATION FROM HATTUŠA? Jared L. Miller While working recently on a general history of the Hittites, I was forced to deal with the question posed in the title of this paper. And my conclusion was, in short: No, there are no signs, or at least no clear signs, of the decline and impending collapse of the Hittite state in the documentation from Hattuša. It should be emphasized at this point that only the question as it pertains to the textual documentation from Hattuša will be discussed in this paper, not the archaeological data and not the textual material from Ugarit, Emar, Amarna or other sites, which, taken all together, result in a somewhat more informative, though still very incomplete, picture.1 Further, as this paper attempts to address a very extensive and complex topic in only a few short pages, it will necessarily be the case that myriad aspects of very many issues raised will remain untouched as I lay out the argument in broad strokes.
    [Show full text]
  • Unsustainable Mining Development and the Collapse of Some Ancient Societies: Economic Reasons
    International Journal of Research in Sociology and Anthropology (IJRSA) Volume 5, Issue 3, 2019, PP 20-28 ISSN 2454-8677 http://dx.doi.org/10.20431/2454-8677.0503003 www.arcjournals.org Unsustainable Mining Development and the Collapse of Some Ancient Societies: Economic Reasons Clement Tisdell1, Serge Svizzero2* 1School of Economics, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, 4072, Queensland, Australia 2Faculté de Droit et d’Economie, Université de La Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin. CS 9003, 97400 Saint Denis, France *Corresponding Author: Serge Svizzero, Faculté de Droit et d’Economie, Université de La Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin. CS 9003, 97400 Saint Denis, France Abstract: The literature explaining social collapse mainly focuses on factors such as wars, climate change or disease, as exemplified by numerous examples of collapses which have occurred during the Late Bronze Age in the Near East and in the South-eastern Mediterranean region. This paper aims at demonstrating that collapse can also have economic reasons. Indeed, collapse may be the outcome of an economic growth process which is inherently unsustainable. More precisely, we claim that several ancient societies collapsed because their form of economic development eventually proved to be unable to sustain their standard of living. It is believed that the Únĕtice societies (which existed in the central European Early Bronze Age) were among those that collapsed for that reason. Two different simple models are presented to demonstrate how agricultural economies of this type which introduced bronze mining and metallurgy were unable to sustain their economic development. Keywords: unsustainable development, Bronze Age, elite, economic surplus, mining productivity, Únĕtice culture.
    [Show full text]
  • Louis Dautais 2020. “Review Of: Peter M. Fischer and Teresa Bürge (Eds) 2017. Sea Peoples Up-To-Date. New Research on Transfo
    Louis Dautais 2020. “Review of: Peter M. Fischer and Teresa Bürge (eds) 2017. Sea Peoples Up-to-Date. New Research on Transformations in the Eastern Mediterranean in the 13th-11th Centuries BCE (Proceedings of the ESFWorkshop held at the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, 3-4 Nov. 2014)”, published in Journal of Greek Archaeology Vol. 5, pp. 585-591. Peter M. Fischer and Teresa Bürge (eds.). Sea Peoples Up-to-Date. New Research on Transformations in the Eastern Mediterranean in the 13th-11th Centuries BCE (Proceedings of the ESF-Workshop held at the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, 3-4 November 2014). Denkschriften der Gesamtakademie 81; Contributions to the Chronology of the Eastern Mediterranean 35. pp. 412, figs. 92. 2017. Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. ISBN 978-3-7001-7963-4 paperback €149; e-publication €109. This volume is the outcome of an international workshop held at the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Vienna in November 2014. Since the first use of the term “Sea Peoples” (« Peuples de la Mer ») in 1867 by French Egyptologist Emmanuel de Rougé,1 the topic has not lost its popularity, with plenty of attention in recent years, including now published workshops at Louvain-la-Neuve (in 2014)2 and Warsaw (in 2016).3 The present volume wanted to go beyond the information provided by the texts and aimed at presenting new archaeological data and their analysis, covering a wider geographical region and implying a more holistic approach than ever before. As the subtitle indicates, the specific aim of the volume is to study the various political, economic, social and cultural transformations in the Eastern Mediterranean from the 13th to 11th centuries BC4 that can be connected to the Sea Peoples phenomenon.
    [Show full text]