Forces: Gravity, Inertia and Friction S8P3: Students will investigate the relationship between force, mass, and the motion of objects. b. Demonstrate the effect of balanced and unbalanced forces on an object in terms of gravity, inertia and friction. S8P5: Students will recognize characteristics of gravity, electricity, and magnetism as major kinds of forces acting in nature. a. Recognize that every object exerts gravitational force on every other object and that the force exerted depends on how much mass the objects have and how far apart they are.
Must Know Picture Clue Definition Vocab Force A push or a pull
Balanced force A force that does not
result in motion; the forces are equal in size
and opposite in direction. Unbalanced force A force that results in a
change in motion; the forces are not equal or
opposite.
Stationary Not moving.
Rest An object is said to be at
rest if it does not change its position with respect
to its surroundings.
Gravity A force of attraction
between all objects. The force of gravity depends
on size and distance.
Must Know Picture Clue Definition Vocab
Friction The force of
resistance/opposition
to motion between two objects.
Inertia An object in motion
stays in motion until
an outside force causes it to stop.
Work The transfer of
Newton A unit of force.
Net Force The sum of all forces
acting on an object
Kinetic Friction Friction that acts between two objects that are in motion
Must-Know My Picture Clue Definition Words
Static Friction Friction that acts between two objects that are not in motion.
Mass The amount of matter in an object.
Weight A measurement of the force of gravity acting on an object. More mass=more gravity. Closer
distance=more gravity.
Displacement Change in relative position of an object.
Motion an object’s change in position relative to a reference point
Must Know Picture Clue Definition Vocab
Sir Isaac Newton Scientist famous for developing the laws of motion. He is most famous for
“discovering” gravity.
Newton’s 1st Law An object at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force. An object in motion continues in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. This law is often called "the law of inertia".
Newton’s 3rd Law For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Learning Targets:
1. I can differentiate between balanced and unbalanced forces. 2. I can explain how unbalanced forces cause a predictable change in the motion of an object. 3. I can analyze a situation and calculate the net force of the object. 4. I can describe gravity as a force and explain how it is affected by mass and distance. 5. I can describe the difference between mass and weight. 6. I can describe Newton’s First Law of Motion and how it relates to objects at rest and objects in motion. 7. I can state Newton’s Third Law and give example of force pairs. 8. I can explain why friction occurs, and describe the two types of friction. 9. I can identify ways in which friction is helpful or harmful.