INDEX Anti-DNAase titers, 59 Antibacterial soaps, 49, 52, 70 Note: Page numbers in italics indicate ¿ gures. Antibiograms, local, 52, 57 Page numbers followed by a “t” indicate tables. Antibiotic therapies, 13-24, 15t, 16-17t. See also specifi c agents and classes of agents. , 14t, 45-46 amikacin, 72 clinical features/diagnosis, 45 aminoglycosides, 15, 15t, 68, 71 gas-containing, 14t, 28 amoxicillin/clavulanate, 52, 57-58, 78, 82t, 84t MRSA and, 25, 27 ampicillin/sulbactam, 78, 79, 82t, 84t pathogens, 45 antibacterial soaps, 49, 52, 70 treatment, 11, 26, 45-46 azithromycin, 16, 52, 63 Acetic acid compresses, 72 aztreonam, 68, 107t Acinetobacter baumannii, 98, 99 bacitracin, 22t-24t, 63 Acquired immunode¿ ciency syndrome. See AIDS. ȕ-lactam drugs, 15-16, 28, 40-44 Actinomyces spp, 73 carbapenems, 101 Acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections cefaclor, 16t (ABSSSIs), 103, 105 cefdinir, 16t, 18, 20, 40-44 Acute , 14t, 177-178, 179-180 ce¿ xime, 16t Acyclovir, 122, 123, 124t-125t cefotaxime, 57, 72, 83t for VZV, 133-135, 134t cefpodoxime, 16t Adenopathy cefprozil, 16t inguinal, 119, 121 ceftaroline, 103-105 regional, 59 ceftazidime, 72 Aeromonas hydrophila, 57, 68 ceftibuten, 16t AIDS (acquired immunode¿ ciency syndrome) ceftriaxone, 57, 83t, 96t antiviral therapy, 139-140 cefuroxime, 83t onychomycosis and, 169 cephalexin, 16t, 19, 83t, 85t Alastrim, 143 cephalosporins, 16t Alcohol-based products, 30 cephalothin, 22t-24t Alcoholism, 55 chlorhexidine wash, 30, 49 Allylamines, 163t, 181t ciproÀ oxacin, 83t, 85t Aluminum chloride, 70, 73 clarithromycin, 52, 63 American Academy of Dermatology, 155 clindamycin, 15-16, 22t-24t, 83t, 85t Amikacin, 72 for complicated infections, 82t-85t, 86-105, 88t-89t Aminoglycosides, 15, 15t, 68, 71 concentration-dependent vs time-dependent, 13-16, 15t Amoxicillin/clavulanate, 52, 57-58, 78, 82t, 84t daptomycin, 89t, 90-94 Ampicillin/sulbactam, 78, 79, 82t, 84t dicloxacillin, 30, 49, 52, 57, 67, 82t Anaerobes, 16t, 29, 77, 82t dosing strategies, 13-16 Anesthesia, skin, 14t, 28, 78 doxycycline, 57, 79, 82t, 84t Animal bites, 28, 57-58, 78-79 empiric, 29, 39, 40-44 treatment, 78-79, 82t-83t erythromycin, 15-16, 22t-24t Anogenital warts, 145-146, 146t, 147 À uoroquinolones, 17t, 83t, 85t, 87 treatment, 147-149, 148t

212 213 32 Antibiotic therapies (continued) Antifungal agents (continued) fusidic acid, 18t, 22t-24t, 31 duration of therapy, 160-161, 166, 172 gentamicin, 22t-24t, 68, 87 econazole, 72, 160, 162t, 180t IV, 57, 78 À uconazole, 155, 156t, 187t, 188 ketolides, 15t griseofulvin, 155, 156t, 160, 166 lauric acid monoester ointments, 29 imidazoles, 162t-163t, 165-166, 180t-181t levoÀ oxacin, 96t itraconazole, 156t, 171t, 187t lincosamides, 17t ketoconazole, 162t, 180t linezolid, 87-90, 88t miconazole, 162t, 180t macrolides, 17t nafti¿ ne, 163t MIC values, 13, 18, 21t-24t nystatin, 179, 182, 183t mupirocin, 18t, 22t-24t oxiconazole, 162t, 180t nafcillin, 86 selenium sul¿ de, 155, 186-188, 187t neomycin, 22t-24t, 63 sertaconazole, 162t, 180t oral, 16t-17t, 21t sulconazole, 163t, 181t parenteral, 41-42, 44, 57 terbina¿ ne, 156t, 163t, 171t, 181t penicillins, 16t-17t, 40-44 tolnaftate, 70, 186 persistent effects (time-dependent), 15-16 topical, 159-160, 162t-163t, 172-174, 180t-181t, 187t pharmacokinetics of, 17-18, 19-20 Antihistamines, 133 piperacillin, 68, 82t Antipyretics, 133 piperacillin/tazobactam, 58, 96t Antiretroviral therapy, 139t, 140 PK pro¿ les, 17-18, 19-20 Antistreptolysin (ASO), 59 pleuromutilins, 32 Antiviral agents. See also specifi c agents. potency and susceptibility, 21t acyclovir, 122, 123, 124t-125t potency of, 13-16 antiretroviral therapy, 139t, 140 quinolones, 71 cidofovir, 115-116, 125t, 139t, 140, 148t quinupristin-dalfopristin, 89t, 99-101 famciclovir, 122-123, 124t-125t retapamulin, 32-33 5-À uorouracil, 148t sulfa drugs, 26-27 foscarnet, 125t telavancin, 101-103 imiquimod, 116, 139-140, 148t tetracyclines, 17t penciclovir, 124t tigecycline, 89t, 94-99 podophyllin, 139, 148t TMP/SMX, 17t, 40-44 podophyllotoxin, 139, 148t topical agents, 18t, 29-33 topical agents, 115-116 vancomycin, 86-87, 88t topical vs systemic, 115-116 Antidepressants, tricyclic, 135 valacyclovir, 122, 124t-125t Antifungal agents. See also specifi c agents. Arbekacin, 86 allylamines, 163t, 181t Aspergillus spp, 68 benzylamines, 163t, 181t Athlete’s foot (tinea pedis), 164-166, 164, 165 butena¿ ne, 163t, 181t Atopic dermatitis, infected, 14t ciclopirox olamine, 163t, 181t Azithromycin, 16, 52, 63 clotrimazole, 162t, 180t, 183t Aztreonam, 68, 107t

214 215 32 Bacitracin, 22t-24t, 63 C-reactive protein, 28 Bacteremia, 65, 90, 92-93 CA-MRSA (community-acquired MRSA), 25-38. Bacterial infections, 13-114 See also MRSA. abscess, 45-46 abscess with, 25, 27 antibiotic therapies for, 13-24 groups at risk, 25, 26t , 55-58 treatment, 25, 26-29 complicated infections, 77-114 Calamine lotion, 133 and , 65-68 Candida and candidiasis, 177-184 , 59-60 candidal intertrigo, 177, 178 , 69-70 clinical features/diagnosis, 152, 177-179, 178 and hot-tub folliculitis, 47-50 ecthyma gangrenosum and, 68 furuncles/, 51-53 energy source, 151 , 61-64 perianal streptococcal disease and, 75 MRSA, 25-38 treatment, 179-182, 180t-181t, 183t perianal streptococcal disease, 75-76 Cantharidin, 139 , 73-74 Capnocytophaga canimorsus, 57, 78 toe-web infection, 71-72 Capsaicin, 135 topical therapies for, 18t Carbapenems, 15t, 101 treatment algorithms, 39, 40-44 treatment uses, 28, 78, 82t, 84t Bacteroides tectum, 78 Carbuncles. See Furuncles/Carbuncles. Balanitis, 119 Castellani’s paint, 72 Bartonella, 198 Cat bites, 57 Benzoic acid, 70 CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), 143 Benzoyl peroxide, 70, 74 Cefaclor, 16t Benzyl benzoate, 205 Cefazolin, 57, 83t, 85t Benzylamines, 163t, 181t Cefdinir, 16t, 40-44 ȕ-Hemolytic streptococci, 59, 62, 65, 75 PK pro¿ le, 18, 20 ȕ-Lactam drugs, 15-16, 28, 40-44 Cefditoren, 16t Biofeedback, 135 Ce¿ xime, 16t Biologic warfare, 115 Cefotaxime, 57, 72, 83t Bites Cefoxitin, 78, 83t animal, 28, 57-58, 78-79, 82t-83t Cefpodoxime, 16t bite reactions, lice, 193, 198 Cefprozil, 16t human, 28, 79-81, 84t-85t Ceftaroline, 103-105 pathogens in, 78, 79 activity spectrum, 103 Blistering distal dactylitis, 14t approved uses, 103 Bockhart’s impetigo, 47 clinical cure rates, 104-105, 106t Body lice, 189. See also Lice. MIC values, 103, 105, 106t . See Furuncles/carbuncles. pharmacokinetics, 104 , 61 phase 3 trials, 104-105, 106t Burns, tigecycline and, 99 safety and tolerability, 105 Butena¿ ne, 160, 163t, 181t, 186, 187t Ceftaroline fosamil, 103, 104

216 217 32 Ceftazidime, 72 Clinical features, of bacterial infections (continued) Ceftibuten, 16t erysipelas, 59, 60 Ceftriaxone, 57, 83t, 96t erythrasma, 69, 70 Cefuroxime, 83t folliculitis and hot-tub folliculitis, 47-48 Cellulitis, 14t, 55-58 furuncles/carbuncles, 51, 52 clinical features/diagnosis, 54, 55-56 impetigo, 61, 62 pathogens, 57 MRSA, 25-28 predisposing conditions, 55, 57, 58 perianal streptococcal disease, 75, 76 toe-web infection and, 71 pitted keratolysis, 73, 74 treatment, 57-58 toe-web infection, 71 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 143 of fungal infections Cephalexin, 16t, 18, 19, 83t, 85t candidiasis, 177-179, 178 Cephalosporins, 15-16, 15t, 16t onychomycosis, 169-171 broad spectrum. See Ceftaroline. pityriasis versicolor, 185-186 extended-spectrum third-generation, 16t tinea, 153-155, 157-159, 161, 164-165 ¿ rst-generation, 16t, 83t of infestations and ectoparasites PK pro¿ les, 17-18, 19-20 lice, 193, 198-199 second-generation, 16t, 83t scabies, 203, 204 third-generation, 16t, 83t of viral infections treatment uses, 40-44, 49, 52, 57, 63, 65, 68, 71, 83t, 85t condyloma, 145-146, 146t, 147 for MRSA, 28, 30 herpes simplex (HSV), 118-119 Cephalothin, 22t-24t molluscum contagiosum (MCV), 137-138, 138 Cerebrospinal À uid (CSF), 121-122 varicella zoster (VZV), 127-130, 128-129 , 122t variola, 141-143, 142, 142t Chickenpox (primary varicella), 127-128, 128-129, 142t. diffi cile-associated pseudomembranous See also Varicella zoster. colitis, 17t , 199 Clotrimazole, 74, 180t, 182, 183t Chlorhexidine wash, 30, 49 formulations and dosing, 162t, 180t Ciclopirox olamine, 160, 172-174, 179, 182, 186, 187t CMV (cytomegalovirus), 117 formulations and dosing, 163t, 181t Co-trimoxazole, 29 Cidofovir, 115-116, 125t, 139t, 140, 148t, 149 Coagulase-negative staphylococci isolates, 15t, 23t CiproÀ oxacin, 25, 58, 72, 83t, 85t Cold sores, 118t Clarithromycin, 52, 63 Coliform , 51 Clavulanate. See Amoxicillin/clavulanate. Colitis, Clostridium diffi cile-associated, 17t Clindamycin, 15-16, 22t-24t Colonization, nasal and skin, 29-31 treatment uses, 52, 57, 69, 73, 83t, 85t Community-acquired MRSA. See CA-MRSA. for MRSA, 25, 27, 28, 30 Complete blood count, 81 Clinical features Complicated skin and skin-structure infections, 77-114 of bacterial infections characteristics of, 77, 78t, 79 abscess, 45 indications of, 14t cellulitis, 54, 55-56 overview, 13, 77-86 ecthyma and ecthyma gangrenosum, 65, 66, 67 signs and symptoms, 78, 81t treatment, 78-105, 82t-85t, 88t-89t 218 219 32 Complicated soft tissue infections, 77, 80, 81 Diabetes-related issues, 13, 47 Compresses, acetic acid, 72 cellulitis, 55, 57, 58 Compression therapy, 58, 60 diabetic foot ulcers/wounds, 14t, 90, 99 Concentration-dependent antibiotics, 13-16, 15t ecthyma, 65 Condyloma, 145, 145-150 erythrasma, 69 clinical manifestations, 145-146, 146t, 147 MRSA, 25 condyloma acuminata, 145 Diagnosis diagnosis, 146, 146t of bacterial infections treatment, 147-149, 148t abscess, 45 Congenital varicella infection, 128-129 cellulitis, 55-56 Conjunctivitis, 193 ecthyma and ecthyma gangrenosum, 65, 67 Corticosteroids, 157, 182 erysipelas, 59 minutissimum, 69 folliculitis and hot-tub folliculitis, 47-48 Corynebacterium spp, 73 furuncles/carbuncles, 51 Crab lice. See Pubic lice. impetigo, 61 Creatine kinase, 28 perianal streptococcal disease, 75 Creatinine bicarbonate, 81 pitted keratolysis, 73 Creatinine phosphokinase, 81 toe-web infection, 71 Crotamiton, 199, 205, 207t of fungal infections CRP, 81 candidiasis, 177-179 Cruex (clotrimazole), 162t, 180t onychomycosis, 169-171 Crusted scabies, 203. See also Scabies. pityriasis versicolor, 185-186 Cryoglobulinemia, 67 tinea, 153-155, 157-159, 161, 165-166 Cryotherapy, 149 of infestations and ectoparasites Cryptococcus, 138 lice, 193, 198-199 Cultures, 29, 40-44, 45 scabies, 203 in bacterial infections, 45, 48, 56, 67, 71, 75 of viral infections in complicated infections (cSSSIs), 81, 105 condyloma, 146, 146t in viral infections, 121 herpes simplex (HSV), 121-122, 122t Cutaneous hemorrhage, 14t, 28, 78, 81t molluscum contagiosum (MCV), 138, 139t, 146t Cytomegalovirus (CMV), 117 varicella zoster (VZV), 130-133, 133t variola, 142t, 143 D-zone tests, 27-28 Diaper dermatitis, 75, 177 Dakin’s solution, 30 Dicloxacillin, 30, 49, 52, 57, 67, 82t Dalfopristin-quinupristin. See Quinupristin-dalfopristin. Dimethylsulfoxide. See DMSO. Daptomycin, 15t, 28, 89t, 90-94, 94 Distal dactylitis, blistering, 14t Decubitus ulcers, 58 DMSO (dimethylsulfoxide), 155, 159 Derimine (oxiconazole), 162t, 180t Dog bites, 57 Dermatitis, secondarily infected, 41 Down syndrome, 203 Dermatophilus congolensis, 73 Doxycycline, 57, 79, 82t, 84t Dermatophyte infections, 11, 151, 152, 153. See also Tinea. Drainage therapies, 11, 26, 40-43, 49 Desonex AF (clotrimazole), 162t, 180t

220 221 32 EBV (Epstein-Barr virus), 117 Erythromycin (continued) Econazole, 72, 160, 162t, 180t treatment uses, 52, 57, 60, 69-70, 73, 75 Ecostatin (econazole), 162t, 180t for MRSA, 25, 27, 30 Ecthyma and ecthyma gangrenosum, 65-68 Escherichia coli, 15t, 68, 71, 98, 103 ecthyma, 65-67 Exanthema, 193 clinical features/diagnosis, 65, 66 Exelderm (sulconazole), 163t pathogens, 65 treatment, 65-67 Famciclovir, 122-123, 124t-125t, 133-135, 134t ecthyma gangrenosum, 67-68 Fever blisters, 118t clinical features/diagnosis, 67 Fingernails. See Nails. pathogens, 67-68 Fluconazole, 155, 156t, 161, 182, 187t, 188 treatment, 68 Fluctuance, 40, 43-44 “punched out” ulcers, 65, 66 (5-)Fluorouracil, 148t Ectoparasites. See Infestations and ectoparasites. Fluoroquinolones, 15, 15t, 17t, 87 Eczema, 30 indications for, 17t Eczema herpeticum, 118t MRSA emergence and, 17t, 29 Edema, 173t treatment uses, 28, 58, 68, 83t, 85t Eikenella corrodens, 79 5-Fluorouracil, 148t Empiric antibiotic therapies, 29, 39, 40-44 Folliculitis and hot-tub folliculitis, 47-50. Empyema, 78 See also Furuncles/Carbuncles. Enteric bacilli, 15t clinical features/diagnosis, 47-48 Enterobacteriaceae, 99 noninfectious, 47 Enterobacter aerogenes, 103 pathogens, 49 Enterobacter cloacae, 98 treatment, 49 Enterococcus faecalis, 98 Foot infections. See Tinea (tinea pedis). Eosinophilic folliculitis, 47. See also Folliculitis and Foot ulcers, diabetic, 14t, 90, 99 hot-tub folliculitis. Foscarnet, 125t Epidermis, fungal infections, 151 Fournier’s , 77, 80 Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), 117 Fungal infections, 151-188 Ertaczo (sertaconazole), 162t, 180t candidiasis, 177-184 Ertapenem, 78, 82t, 84t dermatophytes, 11, 151, 152 Erysipelas, 59-60 duration of treatment, 160-161, 166, 172 clinical features/diagnosis, 59, 60 ecthyma gangrenosum and, 67-68 pathogens, 59-60 nondermatophytes, 151 treatment, 60 onychomycosis, 169-175 Erythema, 55, 75, 164, 177-178 outpatient visits and cost, 151 Erythrasma, 69-70 overview, 151-152 clinical features/diagnosis, 69, 70 pityriasis versicolor, 185-188 pathogens, 69 structures affected, 151 treatment, 69-70 tinea, 153-168 Erythromycin, 15-16, 22t-24t Furuncles/carbuncles, 51-53 inducible resistance, 28 clinical features/diagnosis, 51, 52

222 223 32 Furuncles/carbuncles (continued) Herpes, 117-126, 118t. See also Herpes simplex virus (HSV). pathogens, 51 genital, 118t, 119, 120 treatment, 52 treatment, 124t, 125t Furunculosis, 14t herpes febrilis, 118t recurrent, 52 herpes gladiatorum, 118t Fusarium, 68 herpes labialis, 118t Fusidic acid, 18t, 22t-24t, 31 herpes progenitalis, 118t Fusobacterium spp, 78, 79 herpes simplex (HSV), 117-126. See also Herpes simplex virus (HSV). Gabapentin, 135 herpes zoster (shingles), 127, 129-130, 130, 132 Gas-containing , 14t, 28, 45, 78, 81t herpetic , 118t GatiÀ oxacin, treatment uses, 83t, 85t neonatal, 119, 124t Genital herpes, 118t, 119, 120 orolabial, 119, 119, 124t treatment, 122-123, 124t, 125t sexual activity and, 117, 118 Genital warts, 145-146, 146t, 147 Herpes simplex virus (HSV), 117-126 treatment, 147-149, 148t asymptomatic, 117, 118 Gentamicin, 22t-24t, 68, 87 clinical features, 118-119 Gentian violet, 203 diagnosis, 121-122, 122t Giant cells, 122, 130-131 manifestations, 117, 118t Gingivostomatitis, 119 primary infection, 119 Glomerulonephritis, poststreptococcal, 63, 67, 76 risk factors for sexual transmission, 118 , 199 sexual activity and, 117, 118 Gram-negative bacteria, 29, 57, 67, 71, 77, 98 treatment, 122-123, 124t-125t treatment, 16t, 103, 107t vs HHVs, 117 Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, 68 vs VZV, 131-133, 133t Griseofulvin, 155, 156t, 160, 166, 171 Herpes zoster, 127, 129-130, 130, 132. See also Varicella zoster. HA-MRSA (health care-associated MRSA), 25, 28. vaccine (Zostavax), 135 See also MRSA. Hidradenitis suppurativa, 45 Habit tic deformity, 169 HIV (human immunode¿ ciency virus) Haemophilus infl uenzae cellulitis, 55-56 antiretroviral therapy, 139t, 140 Haemophilus parainfl uenzae, 103 folliculitis and, 47 Hair HSV and, 125t bacterial infections onychomycosis and, 169 folliculitis, 47-50 super¿ cial skin infections and, 14t furuncles/carbuncles, 51-53 zoster and, 130 fungal infections, 151. See also Tinea. HLA types, 190 Head lice, 193-198. See also Lice. Hospitalization, indications for, 28, 60, 81 Health care-associated MRSA, 25, 28. See also MRSA. Hot-tub folliculitis, 48. See also Folliculitis. Hemorrhage, cutaneous, 14t, 28, 78, 81t HPV (human papillomavirus), 145. See also Condyloma. Hepatotoxicity, 172, 173t diagnosis, 146 vaccine, 149

224 225 32 HSV. See Herpes simplex virus (HSV). Infestations and ectoparasites (continued) Human bites, 28, 79-81, 84t-85t lice, 193-202 Human herpes viruses (HHVs). See Herpes; Herpes scabies, 203-208 simplex virus (HSV). InÀ ammatory bowel disease (IBD), 75 Human immunode¿ ciency virus. See HIV. Inguinal adenopathy, 119, 121 Human papillomavirus (HPV), 145 Interferon-alpha, 148t, 149 Hyperhidrosis, 71, 73 Intertrigo, candidal, 177, 178 Intravenous. See IV (intravenous). IDSA (Infectious Disease Society of America) guidelines, Iodine tincture, 139 28, 81 Itraconazole, 155, 160, 166, 171-172, 182, 187t, 188 Imidazoles, 160, 165-166, 179, 182, 186, 187t cost of, 187t, 188 cost of, 166 dosing, 156t, 171t, 187t formulations and dosing, 162t-163t, 180t-181t side effects, 172, 173t, 187t resistance to, 179 IV (intravenous) Imipenem, 82t, 84t antibiotic therapies, 57, 60, 78 Imipenem/cilastin, 96t catheters, 67 Imiquimod, 116, 139-140, 148t, 149 drug use, 25, 26t Immunocompromised/immunosuppressed patients, 14t Ivermectin, 194, 205 antibiotic therapies in, 55, 60, 65, 67 antifungal therapies in, 179 Jock itch (tinea cruris), 161, 162t-163t. See also Tinea. antiviral therapies in, 115-116, 123, 124t-125t, 133-135, 134t, 139t Keratin, 151 molluscum contagiosum (MCV) in, 138, 139t Keratolysis, pitted. See Pitted keratolysis. onychomycosis in, 169 Kerions, 154-155, 154 scabies in, 203 Ketoconazole, 155, 160, 187-188, 187t varicella zoster in, 127, 130, 132 cautions, liver injury, 187t, 188 Immunotherapies, 139t formulations and dosing, 162t, 180t Impetigo, 61-64 Ketolides, 15t Bockhart’s, 47 Klebsiella oxytoca, 103 bullous vs nonbullous, 61 Klebsiella pneumoniae, 98, 103 clinical features/diagnosis, 61, 62 Klebsiella spp, 15t contagiousness of, 63 KOH (potassium hydroxide), 155, 159, 170, 179, 185 pathogens, 62 Kytococcus sedentarius, 73 prevalence, 13, 61 secondary, lice and, 193 Lactic acid, 139 treatment, 31-33, 42, 63 Lamisil and Lamisil AT (terbina¿ ne), 163t, 181t Infections, skin. See Skin and skin-structure infections. Langerhans cell histiocytosis, 203 Infectious Disease Society of America (IDSA), 28, 81 Lauric acid monoester ointments, 29 Infestations and ectoparasites, 189-202 LevoÀ oxacin, 96t basics/overview, 189-191 Lice, 193-202 life cycle statistics, 189-190 body lice, 198 risk factors, 190 clinical features/diagnosis, 198 scope/prevalence, 189 226 227 32 Lice, body lice (continued) MCV (molluscum contagiosum virus), 137-140. life cycle, 189 See also Molluscum contagiosum. treatment, 198 Mentax (butena¿ ne), 163t, 181t clinical features/diagnosis, 193, 198-199 Meropenem, 82t, 84t head lice, 193-198, 194 Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. See MRSA. clinical features/diagnosis, 193, 194 Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus. See MSSA. life cycle, 189 Metronidazole, 58, 82t, 84t prevalence, 189 MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration), 13, 18, 21t-24t school policies, 195-198 oral antibiotics, 21t treatment, 193-198, 196t-197t time-dependent antibiotics, 15-16 retreatment, 195 topical antibiotics, 22t-24t life cycles, 189-190 Micatin (miconazole), 162t, 180t pubic lice, 198-200, 199 Miconazole, 70, 74, 162t, 180t clinical features/diagnosis, 198-199 formulations and dosing, 162t, 180t life cycle, 189-190 Micozole (miconazole), 180t treatment, 199-200 Micrococcus sedentarius, 73 resistant lice, 194-195 Minimum inhibitory concentration. See MIC. treatment, 193-200, 196t-197t Minocycline, 94 Lichen planus/lichen striatus, 169 Moccasinlike tinea pedis, 164-165, 165, 166 Lidocaine, 135 Moist heat therapies, 52 Life cycles, ectoparasites, 189-190 Molluscum contagiosum, 137-140 Lincosamides, 17t, 28 clinical features, 137-138 Lindane, 194, 196t, 199, 205, 206t umbilicated papules, 137, 138 Linezolid, 15t, 87-90, 92-93 diagnosis, 138, 139t, 146t dosing, 15-16, 88t MCV (molluscum contagiosum virus), 137 MIC values, 99 treatment, 139-140, 139t for MRSA, 28, 87 Monistat (miconazole), 180t Liquid nitrogen, 116, 139 Monkeypox, 142t Liver damage, 172, 173t, 187t, 188 Mononucleosis-like syndrome, 119 Loprox (ciclopirox olamine), 163t, 181t Moraxella catarrhalis, 103 Lotrimin and Lotrimin AF (clotrimazole), 162t, 180t Morganella morganii, 71, 103 Lupus erythematosus, 172 MoxiÀ oxacin, 83t, 85t , 193 MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), 25-38 , ascending, 55 colonization, nasal and skin, 29-31 Lymphedema, 60 community-acquired (CA-MRSA), 25-38 complicated, 78 Maceration, 71 À uoroquinolones and, 17t Macrolides, 15t, 17t, 41-44, 52, 60, 75 health care-associated (HA-MRSA), 25, 28 Maculae ceruleae, 198 prevalence and impact, 11, 25 Majocchi’s granuloma, 158-159 risk factors, 25, 26t Malassezia, 152, 185 treatment, 26-31 Malathion, 194, 197t, 199 antibiotic therapies, 25, 26-29, 30, 101

228 229 32 MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), Onychomycosis (continued) treatment (continued) clinical variants, 169-170 serious infection, 28 distal or lateral subungual, 169, 170 sulfa drugs, 25, 26-27 proximal, 169 topical therapies, 29-30, 31-33 super¿ cial, 170 MSSA (methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus), 11, treatment, 171-174 16t, 25 con¿ rmation of diagnosis before, 170-171 Mucosal candidiasis, 178-179 costs of, 171 Mupirocin, 18t, 31, 63, 74 systemic agents, 171-172, 171t emerging resistance, 29, 31 topical agents, 172-174 MIC values, 22t-24t Oral antibiotic therapies, 16t-17t, 21t. See also Antibiotic use in nares, 29 therapies. Mycelex (clotrimazole), 162t, 180t Orolabial herpes, 119, 119, 124t Mycobacteria, 67 Oxiconazole, 160, 162t, 180t Myfungar (oxiconazole), 162t, 180t Oxistat (oxiconazole), 162t, 180t Oxizole (oxiconazole), 162t, 180t Nafcillin, 57, 81, 86 Nafti¿ ne, 163t Pain, disproportionate, 14t, 28, 78 Naftin (nafti¿ ne), 163t Pap (Papaniculou) smears, 147 Nails, fungal infections of, 151, 169. Parasites. See Infestations and ectoparasites. See also Onychomycosis. Paronychia Narcotics, 135 acute, 14t, 177-178 Nasal colonization, 29-31 treatment, 179-180 Necrosis, 77, 79 chronic, 182 , 67, 77, 80 Pasteurella multocida, 57 Neisseria meningitis, 68 Pasteurella spp, 78 Neomycin, 22t-24t, 63 Pathogens, 15t. See also specifi c pathogens. Neonatal herpes, 119, 124t in abscess, 45 Nerve blocks, 135 Actinomyces spp, 73 Neutropenia, 57, 68 Aeromonas hydrophila, 57, 68 Nickerson’s medium, 179 in animal bites, 78 Nizoral and Nizoral AD (ketoconazole), 162t, 180t Aspergillus spp, 68 Norwegian scabies, 203. See also Scabies. Candida spp, 177-184 Nose, topical therapies, 29-33 Capnocytophaga canimorsus, 57, 78 Nystatin, 179, 182, 183t in cellulitis, 57 Clostridium diffi cile, 17t Oceral (oxiconazole), 162t, 180t common, 15t OÀ oxacin, 30 Corynebacterium minutissimum, 69 Okinazole (oxiconazole), 162t, 180t Corynebacterium spp, 73 Onychomycosis, 169-175 Cryptococcus, 138 clinical features/diagnosis, 169-171 Dermatophilus congolensis, 73 in ecthyma and ecthyma gangrenosum, 65, 67

230 231 32 Pathogens (continued) Penicillins (continued) in erysipelas, 59-60 penicillin/penicillinase inhibitors, 17t in erythrasma, 69 penicillinase-resistant penicillins, 40-44, 49, 57, 63 Escherichia coli, 15t semisynthetic, 16t in folliculitis and hot-tub folliculitis, 49 as time-dependent antibiotics, 15t in furuncles/carbuncles, 51 treatment uses, 60, 75, 82t, 86 Haemophilus infl uenzae, 55-56 for MRSA, 28 in human bites, 79 Peptostreptococcus, 79 in impetigo, 62 Perianal streptococcal disease, 75-76 Klebsiella spp, 15t clinical features/diagnosis, 75, 76 Kytococcus sedentarius, 73 pathogens, 75 Malassezia, 152, 185 treatment, 75-76 Micrococcus sedentarius, 73 Perlèche, 178-179, 182 Morganella morganii, 71, 103 Permethrin, 194, 196t, 199, 205, 206t MRSA, 25-38 Pharmacokinetics, antibiotics, 17-18, 19-20 MSSA, 11, 16t, 25 Pharyngitis-like syndrome, 119 Neisseria meningitis, 68 Phenol, 139 in perianal streptococcal disease, 75 PHN. See Postherpetic neuralgia. in pitted keratolysis, 73 Photosensitivity, 17t, 172 Pityrosporum, 151, 153, 185 Phthirus pubis, 199 Proteus mirabilis, 71, 103 Pinworm disease, 75 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 49 Piperacillin, 68, 82t Serratia marcescens, 68 Piperacillin/tazobactam, 58, 96t Staphylococcus aureus, 15t, 45, 49 Pitted keratolysis, 73-74 Staphylococcus epidermis, 15t clinical features/diagnosis, 73, 74 agalactiae, 15t pathogens, 73 Streptococcus pyogenes, 15t treatment, 73-74 in toe-web infection, 71 Pityriasis versicolor, 185-188 unusual, 77 clinical features/diagnosis, 185-186, 186 Vibrio, 57, 58, 77 treatment, 186-188, 187t in viral infections, 115, 127 Pityrosporum, 151, 152, 185 PCR (polymerase chain reaction), 121-122, 138, 146 PK pro¿ les, 17-18, 19-20 Pearly penile papules, 146t Pleuromutilins, 32 Pediculicides, 196t-197t Pneumonitis, 78 Pediculosis capitis, 193-198. See also Lice (head lice). Podophyllin, 139, 148t, 149 Penciclovir, 124t Podophyllotoxin, 139, 148t, 149 Penicillins Polyenes, topical, 179 activity spectra and characteristics, 16t-17t Polymerase chain reaction. See PCR. allergies to, 57, 79 Porphyromonas spp, 78, 79 antipseudomonal, 68 Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), 127, 135 MIC values, 24t Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis, 63, 67, 76 penicillin/ȕ-lactamase inhibitors, 28, 40-44 Potassium hydroxide. See KOH.

232 233 32 Pregnancy categories of agents, 196t-197t, 199, 206t Sertaconazole, 162t, 180t Prevotella, 79 Sexually-transmitted diseases (STDs), 190, 199, 200 Primary varicella (chickenpox), 127-128, 128-129 Shingles (herpes zoster), 127, 129-130, 130, 132 Proteus mirabilis, 71, 103 Silver nitrite, 139 Pruritus, 164, 177, 185, 203 Skin and skin-structure infections, 11-13 treatments, 205 acute bacterial (ABSSSIs), 103, 105 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 49, 57, 67, 71 bacterial, 13-114 Pseudomonas spp, 77 complicated (cSSSIs), 13, 14t, 77-114 Psoriasis, 75, 169 fungal, 151-188 Pubic lice, 198-200. See also Lice. infestations and ectoparasites, 189-202 Punched out ulcers, 65, 66 pathogens, most common, 15t Pus-containing infections, 43 prevalence and impact, 11-13 gangrenosum, 67 serious, signs of, 28 Pyrethrins, 194, 197t, 199 treatment, general guidelines, 28-29, 40-44 uncomplicated, overview, 13, 14t Quinolones, 71 viral, 115-150 Quinupristin-dalfopristin, 16, 28, 89t, 99-101 Skin colonization, 30-31 Sloughing, 14t, 78, 81t Regional adenopathy, 59 Smallpox, 141-143, 142. See also Variola. Retapamulin, 18t, 22t-24t, 32-33 SMX (sulfamethoxazole). See TMP/SMX (trimethoprim/ for MRSA, 32, 33 sulfamethoxazole). for nasal carriage, 29-30 Soaps, antibacterial, 49, 52, 70 Rifampin, 30, 86, 95, 99 Sodium fusidate ointment, 70 Ringworm (tinea corporis), 157-161, 162t-163t. Specialists, consultation with, 29, 40-44, 81, 105 See also Tinea. Spectazole (econazole), 162t, 180t Staphylococci Sabouraud’s medium, 179 prevalence and impact, 11 Salicylic acid, 70, 139, 149 risk factors for carriage, 25 Saltwater exposure, 57 Staphylococcus aureus Scabies, 203-208 MRSA, 25-38, 78 clinical features/diagnosis, 203, 204, 205 MSSA, 11, 16t, 25 prevalence, 189 prevalence and impact, 11, 15t treatment, 205, 206t-207t in speci¿ c conditions, 45, 49, 51, 57, 60, 62, 65, 68, 75, 79 Scalp, fungal infections. See Tinea. Staphylococcus epidermis, 15t Seborrheic dermatitis, 75 STDs (sexually-transmitted diseases), 190, 199, 200 Seborrheic scale, 193 Stevens-Johnson syndrome, 173t Sebum, 185 Streptococci Secondary infections, 14t ȕ-hemolytic, 59, 62, 65, 75 treatment, 31-33, 40-41 poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis, 63, 67, 76 Selenium sul¿ de, 155, 186-188, 187t prevalence and impact, 11, 15t Septic arthritis, 78 in speci¿ c conditions, 51, 79 Serratia marcescens, 68 Streptococcus agalactiae, 15t, 103

234 235 32 Streptococci (continued) Tinea (dermatophyte infections) (continued) Streptococcus pneumoniae, 98 tinea capitis, 153-157 Streptococcus pyogenes, 57, 59, 65, 98 “black dot,” 154 treatment, 16t, 103 clinical features/diagnosis, 153-155, 154 Streptozyme, 59 inÀ ammatory, 154-155, 154 Sulconazole, 161, 163t, 181t kerions, 154-155, 154 Sulcosyn (sulconazole), 163t, 181t noninÀ ammatory, 153, 154 Sulfa drugs, 25, 26-27 treatment, 155-157, 156t Sulfamethoxazole. See TMP/SMX (trimethoprim/ tinea corporis, 157-159 sulfamethoxazole). clinical features/diagnosis, 157-159, 157 Sulfur, precipitated, 205 treatment, 159-161, 162t-163t Super¿ cial folliculitis, 47 tinea cruris, 161 Surgery, 77, 78 clinical features/diagnosis, 161 Sycosis vulgaris, 47 treatment, 161, 162t-163t , 142t, 190 tinea incognito, 158, 158 Syphilitic condyloma lata, 146t tinea pedis, 164-166 Systemic symptoms, 78, 81 clinical features/diagnosis, 164-165, 164 Systemic toxicity, 81 moccasinlike, 164-165, 165 treatment, 162t-163t, 165-166 Tazobactam. See Piperacillin/tazobactam. tinea unguium, 169 TCAs (tricyclic antidepressants), 135 tinea versicolor. See Pityriasis versicolor. Teicoplanin, 99 toe-web infection and, 71 Telavancin, 101-103, 102 treatment, 155-157, 159-161, 162t-163t, 165-166 Tepid bath therapy, 133 Tinea versicolor. See Pityriasis versicolor. Terbina¿ ne, 155, 160, 165-166, 171-172, 186, 187t TMP/SMX (trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole), 17t, 40-44, combined with topical agents, 174 52, 58, 79, 82t, 84t cost of, 166 Toe-web infection, 71-72 formulations and dosing, 156t, 163t, 171t, 181t clinical features/diagnosis, 71 side effects, 172, 173t pathogens, 29, 71 Tetracyclines, 15t, 16, 17t treatment, 71-72 adverse events, 17t Toenails. See Nails. MIC values, 22t-24t Tolnaftate, 70, 186 treatment uses, 25, 27, 40-44, 58 Topical agents, 31-33. See also specifi c agents and Thrush, 178-179 conditions. treatment, 182, 183t antibiotic therapies, 18t, 22t-24t, 29-33 Thymol, 179 antifungal agents, 159-160, 162t-163t, 172-174, Tigecycline, 89t, 94-99, 96t 180t-181t, 187t MIC values, 99 antiviral agents, 115-116 for MRSA, 28, 95-99, 99, 100t Traumatic lesions Time-dependent antibiotics, 13-16, 15t secondarily infected, 14t, 40 Tinea (dermatophyte infections), 152, 153-168 treatment, topical, 31-33, 40 clinical features/diagnosis, 153-155, 157-159, 161, 164-165

236 237 32 Treatment Triclosan-based products, 30 algorithms for, 39, 40-44 Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), 135 of bacterial infections, 13-24, 15t-18t Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. See TMP/SMX. abscess, 45-46 algorithms for, 39, 40-44 Uncomplicated skin and skin-structure infections, 13, 14t. animal and human bites, 82t-85t See also specifi c topics. cellulitis, 57-58 bacterial infections, 13-76 complicated infections, 78-105, 82t-85t treatment algorithms, 39, 40-44 ecthyma and ecthyma gangrenosum, 65-67, 68 fungal infections, 151-188 erysipelas, 60 infestations and ectoparasites, 189-202 erythrasma, 69-70 viral infections, 115-150 folliculitis and hot-tub folliculitis, 49 Urea 40% cream, 166 furuncles/carbuncles, 52 Urinary catheters, 67 impetigo, 42, 63 USSSIs. See Uncomplicated skin and skin-structure MRSA, 26-33 infections. perianal streptococcal disease, 75-76 pitted keratolysis, 73-74 Vaccines surgery, 77 HPV, 149 toe-web infection, 71-72 smallpox (vaccinia), 141 of fungal infections zoster (Zostavax), 135 candidiasis, 179-182, 180t-181t, 183t Valacyclovir, 122, 124t-125t, 133-135, 134t duration of treatment, 160-161, 166, 172 Vancomycin, 16, 86-87, 88t onychomycosis, 171-174 clinical cure rates, 105, 106t pityriasis versicolor, 186-188, 187t MIC values, 107t tinea capitis, 155-157, 156t treatment uses, 57, 81 tinea corporis, 159-161, 162t-163t for MRSA, 28, 86, 101, 102 tinea pedis, 162t-163t, 165-166 Vancomycin derivative. See Telavancin. general guidelines, 29, 39, 40-44 Varicella zoster, 127-136. See also Herpes zoster. of infestations and ectoparasites clinical features, 127-130, 128-129 lice, 193-198, 196t-197t, 199-200 congenital varicella, 128-129 scabies, 205, 206t-207t diagnosis, 130-133, 133t initial empiric, 29, 39, 40-44 disseminated cutaneous disease, 130, 132 of viral infections in HIV-infected patients, 130 condyloma, 147-149, 148t primary varicella (chickenpox), 127-128, 128-129, 133t herpes simplex (HSV), 122-123, 124t-125t reactivation of, 127, 129, 130, 133t molluscum contagiosum (MCV), 139-140, 139t treatment, 133-135, 134t varicella zoster (VZV), 133-135, 134t zoster vaccine (Zostavax), 135 variola, 143 varicella zoster virus (VZV), 117 Tretinoin creams and gels, 139 vs HSV, 131-133, 133t Triazoles, 155 zoster sine herpete, 129 Trichomoniasis, 190 Variola, 141-143 Trichophyton tonsurans, 153 clinical manifestations, 141-143, 142, 142t

238 239 32 Variola (continued) diagnosis, 142t, 143 treatment, 143 variola major/minor, 143 Vibrio spp, 57, 77 Vibrio vulnifi cus, 57, 58 Violaceous bullae, 14t, 78, 81t Viral exanthems, 115, 133t Viral infections, 115-150. See also specifi c topics. antiviral agents, topical vs systemic, 115-116 condyloma, 145-150 herpes simplex (HSV), 117-126 molluscum contagiosum (MCV), 137-140 overview, 115-116 varicella zoster (VZV), 127-136 variola, 141-143 VZV (varicella zoster virus), 117. See also Varicella zoster. reactivation of, 127, 129, 130, 133t

Warts, anogenital (condyloma acuminata), 145-146, 146t, 147 Water, pathogen exposure and, 57 Western blot technique, 121 Whit¿ eld’s ointment, 70 WHO (World Health Organization), 141 Wood’s light, 69 World Health Organization (WHO), 141 Wound ulcers, diabetic, 14t

Yeast infections, 72, 152. See also Candida and candidiasis.

Zeasorb AF (miconazole), 162t, 180t Zostavax (zoster vaccine), 135 Zoster. See Varicella zoster. Zoster sine herpete, 129

240