ANORO ELLIPTA (Umeclidinium and Vilanterol Inhalation Powder)
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Table 2. 2012 AGS Beers Criteria for Potentially
Table 2. 2012 AGS Beers Criteria for Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use in Older Adults Strength of Organ System/ Recommendat Quality of Recomm Therapeutic Category/Drug(s) Rationale ion Evidence endation References Anticholinergics (excludes TCAs) First-generation antihistamines Highly anticholinergic; Avoid Hydroxyzin Strong Agostini 2001 (as single agent or as part of clearance reduced with e and Boustani 2007 combination products) advanced age, and promethazi Guaiana 2010 Brompheniramine tolerance develops ne: high; Han 2001 Carbinoxamine when used as hypnotic; All others: Rudolph 2008 Chlorpheniramine increased risk of moderate Clemastine confusion, dry mouth, Cyproheptadine constipation, and other Dexbrompheniramine anticholinergic Dexchlorpheniramine effects/toxicity. Diphenhydramine (oral) Doxylamine Use of diphenhydramine in Hydroxyzine special situations such Promethazine as acute treatment of Triprolidine severe allergic reaction may be appropriate. Antiparkinson agents Not recommended for Avoid Moderate Strong Rudolph 2008 Benztropine (oral) prevention of Trihexyphenidyl extrapyramidal symptoms with antipsychotics; more effective agents available for treatment of Parkinson disease. Antispasmodics Highly anticholinergic, Avoid Moderate Strong Lechevallier- Belladonna alkaloids uncertain except in Michel 2005 Clidinium-chlordiazepoxide effectiveness. short-term Rudolph 2008 Dicyclomine palliative Hyoscyamine care to Propantheline decrease Scopolamine oral secretions. Antithrombotics Dipyridamole, oral short-acting* May -
Appendix A: Potentially Inappropriate Prescriptions (Pips) for Older People (Modified from ‘STOPP/START 2’ O’Mahony Et Al 2014)
Appendix A: Potentially Inappropriate Prescriptions (PIPs) for older people (modified from ‘STOPP/START 2’ O’Mahony et al 2014) Consider holding (or deprescribing - consult with patient): 1. Any drug prescribed without an evidence-based clinical indication 2. Any drug prescribed beyond the recommended duration, where well-defined 3. Any duplicate drug class (optimise monotherapy) Avoid hazardous combinations e.g.: 1. The Triple Whammy: NSAID + ACE/ARB + diuretic in all ≥ 65 year olds (NHS Scotland 2015) 2. Sick Day Rules drugs: Metformin or ACEi/ARB or a diuretic or NSAID in ≥ 65 year olds presenting with dehydration and/or acute kidney injury (AKI) (NHS Scotland 2015) 3. Anticholinergic Burden (ACB): Any additional medicine with anticholinergic properties when already on an Anticholinergic/antimuscarinic (listed overleaf) in > 65 year olds (risk of falls, increased anticholinergic toxicity: confusion, agitation, acute glaucoma, urinary retention, constipation). The following are known to contribute to the ACB: Amantadine Antidepressants, tricyclic: Amitriptyline, Clomipramine, Dosulepin, Doxepin, Imipramine, Nortriptyline, Trimipramine and SSRIs: Fluoxetine, Paroxetine Antihistamines, first generation (sedating): Clemastine, Chlorphenamine, Cyproheptadine, Diphenhydramine/-hydrinate, Hydroxyzine, Promethazine; also Cetirizine, Loratidine Antipsychotics: especially Clozapine, Fluphenazine, Haloperidol, Olanzepine, and phenothiazines e.g. Prochlorperazine, Trifluoperazine Baclofen Carbamazepine Disopyramide Loperamide Oxcarbazepine Pethidine -
Medicaid Policy Change
MEDICAID POLICY CHANGE IMMINENT PERIL JUSTIFICATION September 25, 2019 ADVAIR: POLICY CHANGE: LDH is changing the preferred drug list to switch the diskus inhaled powder from preferred to non-preferred and adding the HFA inhaler to the preferred list instead. JUSTIFICATION: This product is used to control symptoms and prevent complications caused by asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This change is necessary to make an easier delivery device available for recipients to aid with treatment. Without preferred status, recipients would be required to obtain prior authorization which could delay necessary treatment. This change is needed by 10/1/19 due to the coming seasonal change in weather, including influenza and allergy season, that can significantly exacerbate chronic lung diseases, and so this presents an imminent peril to public health. EFFECTIVE DATE: October 1, 2019 LA Medicaid Preferred Drug List (PDL)/Non-Preferred Drug List (NPDL) Effective Date: July 15October 1, 2019 AG – Authorized Generic DR – Concurrent Prescriptions Must Be Written by Same Prescriber PU – Prior Use of Other Medication is Required AL – Age Limits DS – Maximum Days’ Supply Allowed QL – Quantity Limits BH – Behavioral Health Clinical Authorization Required for Children Younger Than 6 DT – Duration of Therapy Limit RX – Specific Prescription Requirements Years Old BY – Diagnosis Codes Bypass Some Requirements DX – Diagnosis Code Requirements TD – Therapeutic Duplication UN – Drug Use Not Warranted (Needs Appropriate CL – More Detailed Clinical Information -
Ketamine As a General Anesthesia Adjunct Michaela Wilcox, DNP
Ketamine as a General Anesthesia Adjunct Michaela Wilcox, DNP (c), RN Dept. of Nurse Anesthesia, Moffett & Sanders School of Nursing, Samford University Structured Abstract Background Ketamine is a unique anesthetic agent with both anesthetic and analgesic properties. Ketamine is primarily a N-Methyl-D-Aspartic acid (NMDA) antagonist that also works on glutamine, nicotinic, muscarinic, monoaminergic and opioid receptors. The uses of ketamine are numerous and include treatment of chronic pain, acute pain, depression, as a multimodal pain adjunct, opioid-sparing agent and as an adjunct in enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols. A 49-year-old female presented for a lumbar lateral interbody fusion extreme, anterior lumbar spine arthrodesis L3/4 with revision and instrumentation. Based on the surgical need for both sensory and motor nerve monitoring intraoperatively, the anesthetic plan included minimal sevoflurane, succinylcholine for induction and a propofol intravenous (IV) infusion with boluses of ketamine to maintain unconsciousness. A bispectral index (BIS) monitor (Aspect Medical Systems, Natick, MA) was placed on the patient’s forehead prior to induction and utilized intraoperatively to maintain a goal of 40-60. General anesthesia was achieved with fentanyl 100 mcg, lidocaine 100 mg, propofol 200 mg, ketamine 50 mg and succinylcholine 160 mg IV. Laryngoscopy was successfully performed using a McGrath MAC video laryngoscope (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN). Following induction, a propofol IV infusion was initiated and sevoflurane maintained at 0.3 minimum alveolar concentration. Ketamine 10 mg IV was administered every hour. Upon conclusion of the procedure, the patient was extubated and transported to postoperative recovery unit, where she had no complaints of nausea, vomiting or pain. -
Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease
Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease Amita Vasoya, DO FACOI FCCP FAASM Christiana Care Pulmonary Associates Clinical Assistant Professor of Medicine Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine ACOI Board Review 2019 Disclosures No Disclosures Obstructive Lung Diseases COPD Chronic ◦ Chronic Bronchitis Bronchitis Emphysema ◦ Emphysema Asthma Other ◦ Bronchiectasis Asthma ◦ Bronchiolitis ◦ Cystic Fibrosis ◦ Alpha 1 anti-trypsin deficiency Inter-relationship: Inflammation and Bronchial Hyperreactivity ATS GOLD CHEST 2002; 121: 121S-126S COPD THIRD leading cause of death worldwide It is the only leading cause of death whose prevalence is increasing! http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets COPD Risk Factors Cigarette smoking Occupational exposures ◦ Silica, formaldehyde, toluene, nickel, cadmium, cotton, dust, etc Air pollution Biomass fuel Hyperresponsive airway Asthma Genetic factors Pathogenesis of COPD ATS Pulmonary Board Review 2015 Inflammatory Mediators: COPD ATS Pulmonary Board Review 2015 INFLAMMATION Small Airway Disease Parenchyma destruction Airway inflammation Loss of alveolar attachments Airway remodeling Decreased elastic recoil AIRFLOW LIMITATION ATS Pulmonary Board Review 2015 COPD Phenotypes Non-exacerbator Exacerbator with emphysema Exacerbator with chronic bronchitis Frequent exacerbator Alpha 1 Antitrypsin deficiency ACOS BCOS www.eclipse-copd.com, Lange P. Int J COPD 2016. 11: 3-12 Hurst JR. NEJM 2010. 363: 1128-38 Morphologic Types of -
(Antimuscarinic) Drugs?
© July - August 2018 How well do you know your anticholinergic (antimuscarinic) drugs? nticholinergic drugs, prescribed for a variety of clini- Acal conditions, are amongst the most frequently used prescription drugs in BC (Table 1). Also referred to as “an- timuscarinics,” such drugs specifically block muscarinic receptors for acetylcholine (ACh).1 Muscarinic ACh recep- tors are important in the parasympathetic nervous system that governs heart rate, exocrine glands, smooth muscles, clude drugs whose active metabolites are potent- as well as brain function. In contrast, nicotinic ACh recep- ly antimuscarinic,5 or which often cause typical tors stimulate contraction of striated muscles. This Letter is AC adverse effects such as dry mouth or urinary intended to remind clinicians of commonly used drugs that retention.6 People taking antihistamines, antide- have anticholinergic (AC), or technically, antimuscarinic pressants, antipsychotics, opioids, antimuscarinic properties, and of their potential adverse effects. inhalers, or many other drugs need to know that Beneficial and harmful effects of anticholinergic drugs have blockade of ACh receptors can cause bothersome been known for centuries. In Homer’s Odyssey, the nymph or even dangerous adverse effects (Table 3). pharmacologist Circe utilized central effects of atropinics Subtle and not-so-subtle toxicity in the common plant jimson weed (Datura stramonium) to cause delusions in the crew of Odysseus. Believing they Students often learn the adverse effects of anticho- had been turned into pigs, they could be herded.2 linergics from a mnemonic, e.g.: “Blind as a bat, Sometimes a drug is recommended specifically for its an- mad as a hatter, red as a beet, hot as a hare, dry as ticholinergic potency. -
Reference List of Drugs with Potential Anticholinergic Effects 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
ANTICHOLINERGICS: Reference List of Drugs with Potential Anticholinergic Effects 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 J Bareham BSP © www.RxFiles.ca Aug 2021 WHENEVER POSSIBLE, AVOID DRUGS WITH MODERATE TO HIGH ANTICHOLINERGIC ACTIVITY IN OLDER ADULTS (>65 YEARS OF AGE) Low Anticholinergic Activity; Moderate/High Anticholinergic Activity -B in combo Beers Antibiotics Antiparkinsonian Cardiovascular Agents Immunosuppressants ampicillin *ALL AVAILABLE AS amantadine SYMMETREL atenolol TENORMIN azaTHIOprine IMURAN cefOXitin GENERIC benztropine mesylate COGENTIN captopril CAPOTEN cyclosporine NEORAL clindamycin bromocriptine PARLODEL chlorthalidone GENERIC ONLY hydrocortisone CORTEF gentamicin (Oint & Sol’n NIHB covered) carbidopa/levodopa SINEMET digoxin LANOXIN, TOLOXIN methylprednisolone MEDROL piperacillin entacapone COMTAN dilTIAZem CARDIZEM, TIAZAC prednisone WINPRED dipyridamole PERSANTINE, ethopropazine PARSITAN vancomycin phenelzine NARDIL AGGRENOX disopyramide RYTHMODAN Muscle Relaxants pramipexole MIRAPEX Antidepressants baclofen LIORESAL ( on intrathecal only) procyclidine KEMADRIN furosemide LASIX amitriptyline ELAVIL cyclobenzaprine FLEXERIL selegiline ELDEPRYL hydrALAZINE APRESOLINE clomiPRAMINE ANAFRANIL isosorbide ISORDIL methocarbamol ROBAXIN OTC trihexyphenidyl ARTANE desipramine NORPRAMIN metoprolol LOPRESOR orphenadrine NORFLEX OTC doxepin >6mg SINEQUAN Antipsychotics NIFEdipine ADALAT tiZANidine ZANAFLEX A imipramine TOFRANIL quiNIDine GENERIC ONLY C ARIPiprazole ABILIFY & MAINTENA -
Prediction of Premature Termination Codon Suppressing Compounds for Treatment of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Using Machine Learning
Prediction of Premature Termination Codon Suppressing Compounds for Treatment of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy using Machine Learning Kate Wang et al. Supplemental Table S1. Drugs selected by Pharmacophore-based, ML-based and DL- based search in the FDA-approved drugs database Pharmacophore WEKA TF 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3- 5-O-phosphono-alpha-D- (phospho-rac-(1-glycerol)) ribofuranosyl diphosphate Acarbose Amikacin Acetylcarnitine Acetarsol Arbutamine Acetylcholine Adenosine Aldehydo-N-Acetyl-D- Benserazide Acyclovir Glucosamine Bisoprolol Adefovir dipivoxil Alendronic acid Brivudine Alfentanil Alginic acid Cefamandole Alitretinoin alpha-Arbutin Cefdinir Azithromycin Amikacin Cefixime Balsalazide Amiloride Cefonicid Bethanechol Arbutin Ceforanide Bicalutamide Ascorbic acid calcium salt Cefotetan Calcium glubionate Auranofin Ceftibuten Cangrelor Azacitidine Ceftolozane Capecitabine Benserazide Cerivastatin Carbamoylcholine Besifloxacin Chlortetracycline Carisoprodol beta-L-fructofuranose Cilastatin Chlorobutanol Bictegravir Citicoline Cidofovir Bismuth subgallate Cladribine Clodronic acid Bleomycin Clarithromycin Colistimethate Bortezomib Clindamycin Cyclandelate Bromotheophylline Clofarabine Dexpanthenol Calcium threonate Cromoglicic acid Edoxudine Capecitabine Demeclocycline Elbasvir Capreomycin Diaminopropanol tetraacetic acid Erdosteine Carbidopa Diazolidinylurea Ethchlorvynol Carbocisteine Dibekacin Ethinamate Carboplatin Dinoprostone Famotidine Cefotetan Dipyridamole Fidaxomicin Chlormerodrin Doripenem Flavin adenine dinucleotide -
BREO • Do Not Use in Combination with an Additional Medicine Containing a ELLIPTA Safely and Effectively
HIGHLIGHTS OF PRESCRIBING INFORMATION treat acute symptoms. (5.2) These highlights do not include all the information needed to use BREO • Do not use in combination with an additional medicine containing a ELLIPTA safely and effectively. See full prescribing information for LABA because of risk of overdose. (5.3) BREO ELLIPTA. • Candida albicans infection of the mouth and pharynx may occur. Monitor patients periodically. Advise the patient to rinse his/her mouth with water BREO ELLIPTA 100/25 (fluticasone furoate 100 mcg and vilanterol without swallowing after inhalation to help reduce the risk. (5.4) 25 mcg inhalation powder), for oral inhalation • Increased risk of pneumonia in patients with COPD. Monitor patients for BREO ELLIPTA 200/25 (fluticasone furoate 200 mcg and vilanterol signs and symptoms of pneumonia. (5.5) 25 mcg inhalation powder), for oral inhalation • Potential worsening of infections (e.g., existing tuberculosis; fungal, Initial U.S. Approval: 2013 bacterial, viral, or parasitic infections; ocular herpes simplex). Use with caution in patients with these infections. More serious or even fatal course WARNING: ASTHMA-RELATED DEATH of chickenpox or measles can occur in susceptible patients. (5.6) See full prescribing information for complete boxed warning. • Risk of impaired adrenal function when transferring from systemic • Long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonists (LABA), such as vilanterol, corticosteroids. Taper patients slowly from systemic corticosteroids if increase the risk of asthma-related death. A placebo-controlled trial transferring to BREO ELLIPTA. (5.7) with another LABA (salmeterol) showed an increase in • Hypercorticism and adrenal suppression may occur with very high asthma-related deaths. This finding with salmeterol is considered a dosages or at the regular dosage in susceptible individuals. -
Us Anti-Doping Agency
2019U.S. ANTI-DOPING AGENCY WALLET CARDEXAMPLES OF PROHIBITED AND PERMITTED SUBSTANCES AND METHODS Effective Jan. 1 – Dec. 31, 2019 CATEGORIES OF SUBSTANCES PROHIBITED AT ALL TIMES (IN AND OUT-OF-COMPETITION) • Non-Approved Substances: investigational drugs and pharmaceuticals with no approval by a governmental regulatory health authority for human therapeutic use. • Anabolic Agents: androstenediol, androstenedione, bolasterone, boldenone, clenbuterol, danazol, desoxymethyltestosterone (madol), dehydrochlormethyltestosterone (DHCMT), Prasterone (dehydroepiandrosterone, DHEA , Intrarosa) and its prohormones, drostanolone, epitestosterone, methasterone, methyl-1-testosterone, methyltestosterone (Covaryx, EEMT, Est Estrogens-methyltest DS, Methitest), nandrolone, oxandrolone, prostanozol, Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (enobosarm, (ostarine, MK-2866), andarine, LGD-4033, RAD-140). stanozolol, testosterone and its metabolites or isomers (Androgel), THG, tibolone, trenbolone, zeranol, zilpaterol, and similar substances. • Beta-2 Agonists: All selective and non-selective beta-2 agonists, including all optical isomers, are prohibited. Most inhaled beta-2 agonists are prohibited, including arformoterol (Brovana), fenoterol, higenamine (norcoclaurine, Tinospora crispa), indacaterol (Arcapta), levalbuterol (Xopenex), metaproternol (Alupent), orciprenaline, olodaterol (Striverdi), pirbuterol (Maxair), terbutaline (Brethaire), vilanterol (Breo). The only exceptions are albuterol, formoterol, and salmeterol by a metered-dose inhaler when used -
Fluticasone Furoate/Vilanterol 92/22 Μg Once-A-Day Vs Beclomethasone Dipropionate/Formoterol 100/6 Μg B.I.D
Open Access Journal of Pulmonology and Respiratory Research Research Article Fluticasone furoate/Vilanterol 92/22 μg once-a-day vs Beclomethasone dipropionate/Formoterol 100/6 μg b.i.d. in asthma patients: a 12-week pilot study Claudio Terzano* and Francesca Oriolo Respiratory Diseases Unit and School of Specialization in Respiratory Diseases Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy *Address for Correspondence: Dr Claudio Abstract Terzano, Respiratory Diseases Unit and School of Specialization in Respiratory Two of the most recent LABA/ICS combinations for treatment of persistent asthma are Fluticasone furoate/ Diseases Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” Vilanterol 92/22 μg (Ellipta) and Beclomethasone dipropionate/Formoterol 100/6 μg (Nexthaler). University of Rome, Italy, Tel: 0649979051; Fax: 06499790675; Email: Objective: To compare once-daily Fluticasone/ Vilanterol combination with twice daily Beclomethasone/ [email protected] Formoterol association in moderate asthma, in terms of quality of life and lung function. Submitted: 08 September 2017 Methods: Fourty patients with moderate asthma treated with Beclomethasone/Formoterol 100/6 μg or Approved: 26 September 2017 Fluticasone/Vilanterol 92/22 μg. We revalued patients in terms of lung function and Asthma Control Test, at 4, 8 Published: 27 September 2017 and 12 weeks to assess any differences between the two groups. After 4 weeks, thirty-one of the fourty patients were evaluated in terms of respiratory function at predetermined time intervals. Copyright: 2017 Terzano C, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Result: In patients treated with beclomethasone/formoterol FEV1 presented a mean value of 78% at the Creative Commons Attribution License, which third visit and of 79.1% during the fi nal check, compared with 74.5% and to 75.8% in patients in treatment permits unrestricted use, distribution, and with fl uticasone/vilanterol (p 0.01). -
New Zealand Data Sheet
NEW ZEALAND DATA SHEET 1. PRODUCT NAME TRELEGY ELLIPTA 100/62.5/25 fluticasone furoate (100 micrograms)/umeclidinium (as bromide) (62.5 micrograms)/vilanterol (as trifenatate) (25 micrograms), powder for inhalation 2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION Each delivered dose (the dose leaving the mouthpiece of the inhaler) contains 92 micrograms fluticasone furoate, 55 micrograms umeclidinium (equivalent to 65 micrograms umeclidinium [as bromide]) and 22 micrograms vilanterol (as trifenatate). This corresponds to a pre-dispensed dose of 100 micrograms fluticasone furoate, 62.5 micrograms umeclidinium (equivalent to 74.2 micrograms umeclidinium bromide) and 25 micrograms vilanterol (as trifenatate). Excipient with known effect: Each delivered dose contains approximately 25 milligrams of lactose (as monohydrate). For the full list of excipients, see Section 6.1 List of excipients. 3. PHARMACEUTICAL FORM Powder for inhalation. White powder in a light grey inhaler (Ellipta) with a beige mouthpiece cover and a dose counter. 4. CLINICAL PARTICULARS 4.1. Therapeutic indications TRELEGY ELLIPTA is indicated for the maintenance treatment of adults with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who require treatment with a long- acting muscarinic receptor antagonist (LAMA) + long-acting beta2-receptor agonist (LABA) + inhaled corticosteroid (ICS). TRELEGY ELLIPTA should not be used for the initiation of COPD treatment. 4.2. Dose and method of administration Patients can be changed from their existing inhalers to TRELEGY ELLIPTA at the next dose. However it is important that patients do not take other LABA or LAMA or ICS while taking TRELEGY ELLIPTA. A stepwise approach to the management of COPD is recommended, including the cessation of smoking and a pulmonary rehabilitation program.