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Of Bathybuccinum (Gastropoda:Buccinidae) from The The malacological society of Japan VENUS (Jap. Jour. Malac.)Rre - Vol. 57, No. 2 {199R>/ 75 84 OriginalArticles zag A new species of Bathybuccinum (Gastropoda:Buccinidae) from the Aleutian Islands Yuri KANToR and M. G. HARAsEwycH A.?VL Severtzov hrstitute of Problems of Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences. Leninskij Prospec4 33, Moscaw 11ro71 Russia, and Department of invertebrate Zooiogy. Nittionat Museum of Nbturat History, Smithsonian institution. PVbshington, DC 2a560 USA Abstract: Bathybuccinum (Ovulatibuccinunz) clarki new species, is described from bathyal depths off the central Aleutian Islands, This new species is provisienally assigned to the genus Batdybuccinum primarily en the basis of its distinctive triangular operculum with terminal nuclcus, and large osphradium, which are rare features in Buccininae. Conchologi- cally, the new species most closely resembres Buccinum (EpistobuccinumJ epistomium Dall, 1907, which, however, has a typical buccinid eperculum that is large, oval, with a subcentral nucleus. Key words: Neogastropoda, Buccinidae, Batlu,buccinum, North Pacific, new species. Introduction Neogastropods of the family Buccinidae comprise a diverse and abundant component of the subtidal to abyssal fauna of carnivores and scavengers, especially in temperate and polar regions. The rank and composition of this taxon has been subject to widely varying interpretations (e.g. Boss, 1982; Ponder & Waren, 1988; Vaught, 1989), and is still far from resolved. Habe & Sato (1972) divided the northern Pacific Buccinidae into six subfamilies, including the nominotypical subfamily Buccininae. Golikov (1980) mono- graphed the Buccininae, subdividing it into 3 genera, 3 subgenera and 88 species. Tiba and Kosuge (1984) reviewed and illustrated 49 North Pacific species of the genus Buccinum. Most recently, Golikov & Sirenko (1988) proposed a new classification of the subfamily Buccininae, recognizing 5 genera, 23 subgenera and I08 species, all from the boreal region. Among the buccinids collected during the National Marine Fisheries Service's Aleutian Island Trawl Survey Cruise Number 971 were several specimens of a distinctiye buccinine that could not be referred to any of the the 108 species listed by Golikev & Sirenko (1988), and only provisionally assigned to any of the genera or subgenera recognized by these authors. This species is described as new, and tentatively assigned to the genus Bathybucci- num Golikov & Sirenko (1988). The nominotypical subgenus was erected to incorporate NII-Electronic Library Service The malacologicalsocietymalacological society of Japan 76 VENUS: Vol, S7, No.2(1998) two species from bathyal depths off the southern Kurile Islands, while the subgenus Ovulatibuccinum Golikov & Sirenko (1988),in which we include this new species, ranges from the Pacific coast of centraT Honshu to the eastern Aleutian Islands. We are pleased to name this new species after Mr. Roger N. Clark, who collected the type material and brought it to our attention, in recongition of his many contributions to the study of the invertebrate fauna of the Aleutian Islands. Abbreviations LACM - Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Los Angeles USNM - National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C. ZIN - Zoological Institute, St. Petersburg ZMMU - Zoological Museum, Moscow University, Moscow Taxonomy Family BUCCINIDAE Rafinesque, 1815 Subfamily Buccininae Rafinesque, 1815 Genus Bathybuccinum Golikov & Sirenko, 1988 Type species: Bathybuccinum bicordatum Golikov & Sirenko, 1988, by original designation. "Type 7)'anslation of Originat Description: species Bathybuccinum bicordotum Golikov & Sirenko, bathyal zone of the southern Kurile Islands. Shell of small dimensions for the subfamily (shell height not more than 25 mm), thin walled, covered by a developed periostra- cum that sometimes forms fringes. Axial sculpture represented only by thin growth lines. Operculum small, oval, occupies not more than O.3 time the height of the aperture, with the nucleus situated at the lower edge of the operculum. In contrast to other genera in the subfamily, in which the osphradium is less than half the length of the ctenidium, the osphradium of Bathybuccinum is large, being only slightly smaller than the ctenidium. The outer cusp of the lateral tooth of the radula is narrow, compared to the other cusps, and relatively longer. Based on the form of the whorls and the character of the shell sculpture this genus is divided into 2 subgenera. The nominotypical subgenus, with type species Bathybuccinum bicordotum Golikov & Sirenko, is characterized by angulate whorls and well developed spiral sculpture, including keels. In addition to the type species, Bathybuceinum unicordotum Golikov & Sirenko is also assigned to this taxon." Subgenus Ovutatibuccinum Golikov & Sirenko, 1988 Type species: Buccinum ovutum Dall, 1895, by original designation. "The 1beanslation of Originat Description: subgenus Ovutatibuccinum Golikov & Sirenko with type species Buccinum ovulum Dall, 1895 is characterized by the weak development of spiral sculpture, by rounded, not angular whorls, and by the absence of keels. This subgenus also contains Buccinum bombycinum Dall [1907] and Batirybuccinum fimbriatum Golikov & Sirenko, 1988." NII-Electronic Library Service The malacologicalsocietymalacological society of Japan Kantor & Harasewych: New Species of Bathybuccinum from Aleutian Islands 77 Bathybuccinum (Ovulatibuccinund clarki new species (Figs. 1-23) ' Shell mot:phology: Shell (Figs. 1-3, 6-10) to 60 mm, thin, ovate-conic, with short siphonal canal. Protoconch consisting of 2 low, rounded, chalky whorls, badly eroded in most speci- mens. Transition to teleoconch marked by appearance of numerous, thin, spiral cords. Teleoconch of up to 6 whorls, with sharply inflected periphery just below mid-whorl becom- ing less prominent in larger specimens. Whorls evenly rounded to weakly sinuated above and below periphery, Suture adpressed at or just below periphery of previous whorl. Axial sculpture limited to weak, opisthocyrt growth lines most prominent between spiral cords. Spiral sculpture of numerous, fine, closely-spaced spiral cords (37-58 between suture and periphery, 30-38 between periphery and siphonal canal, and 15-24 on siphonal canal). Aperture roughly hemi-elliptical, less than half the shell height. Outer lip rounded to weakly angled, with narrow (3-4 mm) thickened band along margin of larger specimens. Columella straight, deflected from shell axis by 5e, forming angle of 35-450 with parietal lip. Siphonal fasciole weak, nearly axial, producing Iow, broad fold on the columella adjacent to sharply keeled siphonal fold. Periostracum, outer shell layer resorbed from inductural area exposing the purplish inner shell Iayer. Siphonal canal short, broad, open, slightly deflected abaxially. Exterior shell surface olive brown, aperture purplish, except for white siphonal fold and thickened band along outer lip. Periostracum thin, yellowish brown, finely lamellose. Operculum (Figs. 4, 5, 15, op) small (<O.3 aperture lengh), thin, corneous, triangular, weakly unguiculate laterally, nucleus terminal. Anatomy: Preserved animal (Figs. 15-16) consists of 3i12 whorls, digestive gland spans i14 314 2 wherls, kidney whorl, mantle cavity whorl. Mantle edge and roof thin. Osphradium (Fig. 15, os) nearly as wide and long as ctenidium (Fig. 15, ct) in smaller specimens, becoming proportionally smaller in larger individuals. Hypobranchial gland (Fig. 15, hg) as broad as opshradium and ctenidium combined, strongly transversely pleated, overlaying the rectum and pallial gonoduct. Head medium-sized, tentacles short, stout, eyes medium-sized, situated at small rounded lebes at base of tentacles. Foot short (L/W==1.4), tapering posteriorly. Body color yellowish tan, siphon, head, and lateral regions of the foet densely speckled with black to produce dark gray tone. Digestive system - Proboscis (Fig. 17, pr) long (=tti3/4 aperture length), thick (LID s4.2), unpigmented. The powerful proboscis retractor muscles (Fig. 17, prr) are attached mainly to the left side of the rhynchodeum at mid-length. A circular muscle (Figs. 17, 18, cmr) rings the rhynchodeum near its anterior end, indicating the border of the evertible part of the proboscis. The mouth is wide, oval. The radula (Figs. 11-l4) is short (ntO.6 aper- ture length), consisting of 61-66 rews of teeth. Rachidian teeth are broad, with a nearly rectangular basal plate and five cusps. The outermost cusps are broadest and laterally buttressed. The central cusp is the weakest and shortest. The outer cusps of the lateral teeth are long and narrow. The middle cusp is narrow, flanking the inner cusp. The odontophoral retractor muscles extend from the rear end of proboscis and are attached to the rhynchodaeum. The anterior oesophagus (Fig. 17, oe) is wide, flattened, and thick- walled, expanding to form the large, pyriform, valve of Leiblein (Fig. 18, vL), which is NII-Electronic Library Service The malacologicalsocletyofmalacological society of Japan 78 VENUS: Vol. S7, No.2(1998) Figs.1-10.Bathyb"ccinum (Ovulatibuccinunij clarki n, sp, 1. Ventral, 2. right lateral, and 3. dorsal view of holotype, USNM 880225. 4. Inner and 5. outer surfac ¢ s of Qperculum of holotype. Scale bar=5 mm. 6. Ventral, 7. rightdorsal Iateral, and 8. dorsal view of paratype 7, USNM 880227. 9. Ventral, and 10. view of paratype 1, USNM 880226, Scale bar=2cm for all shells. NII-Electronic Library Service The malacologicalsocietymalacological society
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