Strengthening Earthquake Resilience in Bangladesh (SERB)

E-Newsletter

Activities up to June 2015 Photo by: ADPC

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Overview of the SERB program

2. Bangladesh and Earthquake vulnerability

3. SERB locations and fault lines in Bangladesh

4. Updates on SERB interventions

A. HOPE/HICS Training B. Risk Assessments C. Simulations D. Capacity-building for Urban Volunteers E. Provision of Essential Search and Rescue Materials

1 Overview of the To strengthen earthquake preparedness and response capacity, the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) along with technical SERB support from Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC) launched the Strengthening Earthquake Resilience in Bangladesh (SERB) program. This program program is meant to assist the Government of Bangladesh to improve their earthquake response skills by building capacity of emergency response agencies.

The program will enhance the capacity 16 public hospitals in Chittagong, Dhaka, Gazipur, Mymensingh, Sylhet and Tangail by providing training on Hospital Preparedness for Emergencies (HOPE) and Training for Instructors (TFI). HOPE focuses on improving capacity of hospitals and healthcare facilities to manage emergencies and mass casualty incidents. Participants learn the use of triage and patient referral protocols for management of emergency cases.

2 The program also includes specialized The program will equip the Fire Service courses on Hospital Incident Command and Civil Defense (FSCD) volunteers System (HICS) for hospitals of Dhaka, with tools including search and rescue Chittagong and Sylhet. HICS is a new equipment, first aid kits and steel course in Bangladesh and it will assist storage containers that are needed to hospital management to adapt to this respond to emergencies and conduct new concept to manage mass casualty rescue efforts. The FSCD will develop a incidents in the hospital. After far three maintenance plan for the equipment and HICS courses have been completed in the volunteers will have access to them Dhaka, Chittagong and Sylhet with 78 in the event of earthquake or other participants (45 male and 33 female) and hazards. ADPC will organize advanced most of the hospitals in Dhaka, training on search and rescue for 920 Chittagong and Sylhet activated HICS in volunteers in thirty batches in all six cities their settings after completing HICS and towns. The volunteers will be courses. The SERB team has been selected from the areas where the steel conducting risk assessments in the containers with essential search and hospitals in order to develop an rescue materials are located. emergency response plan for better management during disasters.

Photo by: ADPC ADPC organized Hospital Preparedness for Emergencies (HOPE) Basic Training for the public hospital of Dhaka City, 2015. 3 Bangladesh is one of the most disaster prone countries in the world, mainly due Bangladesh and to its high population density, low-lying deltaic geography, and location within an active monsoon and tropical cyclone basin. According to The United Nation’s Earthquake World Risk Report (2012), Bangladesh ranks fifth on the list of countries most VULNERABILITY prone to natural disasters in the world. Devastating tropical cyclones and floods are frequent in the country. Although there is no evidence of severe earthquakes in Bangladesh in recent decades, the earthquake risk in the country is very high due to the country's location at the nexus of two major tectonic elements of the ongoing Indian-Eurasian plate collision. Several major active faults, including the Plate Boundary Fault (the northern extension of subduction fault), Madhupur Fault and the Dauki Fault also cross in the country. Research reveals that these faults are able to generate earthquakes over a magnitude of eight on the Richter scale (CDMP, 2009).

Photo by: ADPC 4 The Bangladesh Meteorological Major causes behind such an ever- Department detected at least 90 increasing earthquake risk include earthquakes taking place in this region haphazard urbanization and between May 2007 and July 2008, nine sub-standard construction of buildings of them were magnitude five on the and other infrastructure without taking Richter scale. According to underlying earthquake risks into seismologists and earthquake scientists, account. Studies show that a strong these minor tremors are indicators of the earthquake affecting a major urban possibility of much more powerful center like Dhaka, Chittagong or Sylhet earthquakes in Bangladesh that may may result in widespread damage; high result in severe damage and massive numbers of fatalities; and destruction of destruction with severe consequences buildings, infrastructure and utility for the entire country (Ferdousi, 2010). services (CDMP, 2009). A strong earthquake can quickly overwhelm the Earthquake risk is comparatively high in conventional response efforts, and urban centers in Bangladesh, and is currently available resources and growing with every passing moment capacities. because of the unabated growth of human settlements and other economic activities.

Photo by: ADPC ADPC trained Bangladesh Fire Service and Civil Defence volunteers in Dhaka on search and rescue with equipment provided by the SERB program. 5 LOW HAZARD

SERB LOCATIONS and MODERATE FAULT LINES HAZARD in Bangladesh

The maps present SERB interventions in relation to fault lines which represents earthquake Seismic Hazard Map of Bangladesh (Source: GSAHP, ASC) HIGH vulnerable zones. Map 1: Map HAZARD showing SERB locations in relation to fault lines, Map 2: Hazard Map of Bangladesh showing hazards and frequency, Map 3: Earthquake zone

Map of Bangladesh outlines the LEGEND areas vulnerable to earthquake. ZONE 1 ZONE 2

ZONE 3

Earthquake Zone Map of Bangladesh (Source: Banglapedia) 6 CAPACITY-BUILDING ACTIVITIES Updates on 5
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Photo by: ADPC Simulation Exercise in Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital (SOMCH) in April, 2015  8
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orkshops and Emergency Response Plans

Hospital Risk Assessments have been which was conducted based on the conducted in eight hospitals in Dhaka, Hospital Safety Index, established by Chittagong and Sylhet – this chapter the World Health Organization and Pan summarizes the outcomes of two of American Health Organization. The these workshops. results of the risk assessment will be endorsed by the hospital authority. ADPC conducted a Hospital Risk Assessment Workshop on 8–9 March A similar workshop was conducted on 2015 at Chittagong Medical College 9–10 March 2015 at Chittagong General Hospital, bringing together experts and Hospital, which was upgraded to a practitioners to discuss and finalize the 250-bed facility in February 2012. The first hospital risk assessment for the city. hospital was established in 1901 and started a medical school in 1927. It is The workshop brought together 32 situated in the hilly area of Rang Mohler medical practitioners from various Pahar serving population from around disciplines, including persons trained Chittagong. The workshop gathered 25 under ADPC's courses on Hospital medical practitioners and Preparedness for Emergencies (HOPE) representatives from the different and Hospital Incident Command System departments of the hospital, including (HICS). Practitioners and experts graduates from ADPC's Hospital participated in the assessment process, Preparedness for Emergencies and Hospital Incident Command System Photo by: ADPC A group discussion took place during an assessment exercise in Kurmitola courses. The workshop was conducted General Hospital. 9 Another photo: Hospital visit during Hospital Risk Assessment to idetifying risk factors of Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital. using the Hospital Safety Index and and First Aid. The courses enhanced the the findings of the risk assessment participants' knowledge and skills will be approved by the hospital especially on using collapsed structure authority for further development of search and rescue, fire fighting and first the facility. aid equipment and tools. This is linked to a previously conducted course on Urban The workshop was conducted by Community-level Training Course, which using Hospital Safety Index, most volunteers had already taken. It is established by World Health determined that community volunteers Organization and Pan American can be assigned as first responders for Health Organization. The findings of any incident especially in the risk assessment will be approved earthquake-prone cities of Bangladesh. by the Hospital authority for further development of the hospital. The refreshers’ course is mainly focused on retaining information from previously For more information about the conducted courses and to orient Comprehensive Safe Hospital participants about operation plan and Framework, visit www.safehospitals.info and to familiarize participants with operation plans and a variety of Training on Urban Search and Rescue equipment. Volunteers are oriented on specific roles, responsibilities and Capacity-building training on advanced functions related to search and rescue search and rescue started in May 2015. and first aid, enabling them to play a vital 280 volunteers from seven fire stations role as first responders before the arrival in Dhaka City participated in the of professional Refreshers’ Courses on Collapsed Photo by: ADPC Structure Search, Rescue, Fire Fighting ADPC organized a HOPE Basic Training in Gazipur, 2015. 10 Photo by: ADPC HOPE Basic Training in Sylhet 2014. first responders of the Fire Service 5
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to assess its coordination collapsed types mechanisms- especially between the departments and wards. ADPC also 11 SEARCH AND RESCUE EQUIPMENT AND FIRST AID MATERIALS

A search and rescue operation, after a In November 2014, USAID in partnership major earthquake or building collapse, with ADPC formally handed over search is a complex task which requires and rescue equipment to Bangladesh coordination and appropriate Fire Service and Civil Defense for the equipment. Quick mobilization of rescue urban community volunteers to utilize in teams is key. Search and rescue often times of disaster. involves extrication of trapped victims using appropriate equipment and maintaining safety standards. One of the components of the SERB program is to provide the Bangladesh Fire Service and Civil Defense volunteers with necessary equipment to conduct search and rescue operations.

12 Locations of Fire Stations and Hospitals under USAID's Strengthening Earthquake Resilience in Bangladesh (SERB)

Legend

Ward Boundary River City Corporation Boundary Major Road Search and rescue equipment and first aid materials are kept "' Hospital in steel storage containers located across the following twelve Fire Station fire stations in the Bangladesh: TANGAIL Kurmitola Fire Station GAZIPUR

Kurmitola 1. Kurmitola fire station, Dhaka General Hospital

MANIKGANJ 2. Baridhara fire station, Dhaka DHAKA FSCD Training Mirpur Complex Mirpur 3. Mirpur training complex, Dhaka Fire Station NARAYANGANJ 4. Mirpur fire station, Dhaka Baridhara Fire Station

MUNSHIGANJ 5. Tejgaon fire station, Dhaka FARIDPUR

MADARIPUR

6. Mohammadpur fire station, Dhaka National Institute National Institute of Preventive of Traumatology and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Dhaka Scale 1:62,000 and Orthopedic Rehabilitation 7. Siddique Bazar fire station, Dhaka (NITOR) 07370 40 1,4802,220 2,960 Meters Shaheed Suhrawardy MedicalM College Hospital 8. Sadarghat, Dhaka Tejgaon Fire Station Asian Disaster Preparedness Center Mohammadpur 9. Postagola fire station, Dhaka Fire Station 10. Agrabad fire station, Chittagong 11. Chandanpura fire station, Chittagong Bangabandhu Sheikh 12. South Surma fire station, Sylhet Mujib Medical University

Dhaka Medical College Hospital Sarkari Karmachari Hospital Fire Service For more information, click here. Headquarter

Sir Salimullah Medical College & Midfort Hospital

Sadarghat Fire Station

Postagola Fire Station 13 In November 2014, the United States Agency for International Development in partnership with Asian Disaster Preparedness Center conducted a Handover Ceremony of search and rescue equipment to the Bangladesh Fire Service and Civil Defence for Urban Community Volunteers to utilize in times of disaster.

Photo by: ADPC from left H.E. Mr. Dan Mozena, Ambassador of United States to Bangladesh, Mr. Shane Wright, AFSM, Executive Director, ADPC, Thailand, Mr. Sajedul Hasan, Director, ADPC, Thailand, Brigadier General Ali Ahmed Khan, psc Director General, BFSCD and Ms. Janina Jaruzelski, Mission Director of USAID

14 Locations of Fire Stations and Hospitals under USAID's Strengthening Earthquake Resilience in Bangladesh (SERB)

Legend

City Corporation Boundary Ward Boundary River Major Road "' Hospital Fire Station

Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College & Hospital

SUNAMGANJ SYLHET

Shaheed Shamsuddin Ahmed Hospital

HABIGANJ MAULVIBAZAR

Scale 1:26,000

03170 40 6801,020 1,360 ² Meters Asian Disaster Preparedness Center

Surma River

South Surma Fire Station

Photo by: ADPC Locations of Public hospitals under SERB in Sylhet 15 For more information please visit:

Bangladesh Fire Service and Civil Defence: www.fireservice.gov.bd

National Institute for Preventative and Social Medicine: www.nipsom.org

Ministry of Health and Family Welfare: www.mohfw.gov.bd

USAID Bangladesh: www.usaid.gov/bangladesh

Asian Disaster Preparedness Center: www.adpc.net

Photo by: ADPC Mr. Dan Mozena, Former Ambassador of United States to Bangladesh, meeting with volunteers during the handover ceremony of search and rescue equipment in Dhaka. 16