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The Constitutional Status of Gilgit Baltistan: Factors and Implications
The Constitutional Status of Gilgit Baltistan: Factors and Implications By Name: Syeda Batool National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad April 2019 1 The Constitutional Status of Gilgit Baltistan: Factors and Implications by Name: Syeda Batool M.Phil Pakistan Studies, National University of Modern Languages, 2019 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF PHILOSOPHY in PAKISTAN STUDIES To FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES, DEPARTMENT OF PAKISTAN STUDIES National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad April 2019 @Syeda Batool, April 2019 2 NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES THESIS/DISSERTATION AND DEFENSE APPROVAL FORM The undersigned certify that they have read the following thesis, examined the defense, are satisfied with the overall exam performance, and recommend the thesis to the Faculty of Social Sciences for acceptance: Thesis/ Dissertation Title: The Constitutional Status of Gilgit Baltistan: Factors and Implications Submitted By: Syed Batool Registration #: 1095-Mphil/PS/F15 Name of Student Master of Philosophy in Pakistan Studies Degree Name in Full (e.g Master of Philosophy, Doctor of Philosophy) Degree Name in Full Pakistan Studies Name of Discipline Dr. Fazal Rabbi ______________________________ Name of Research Supervisor Signature of Research Supervisor Prof. Dr. Shahid Siddiqui ______________________________ Signature of Dean (FSS) Name of Dean (FSS) Brig Muhammad Ibrahim ______________________________ Name of Director General Signature of -
Expeditions & Treks 2008/2009
V4362_JG_Exped Cover_AW 1/5/08 15:44 Page 1 Jagged Globe NEW! Expeditions & Treks www.jagged-globe.co.uk Our new website contains detailed trip itineraries 2008 for the expeditions and treks contained in this brochure, photo galleries and recent trip reports. / 2009 You can also book securely online and find out about new trips and offers by subscribing to our email newsletter. Jagged Globe The Foundry Studios, 45 Mowbray Street, Sheffield S3 8EN United Kingdom Expeditions Tel: 0845 345 8848 Email: [email protected] Web: www.jagged-globe.co.uk & Treks Cover printed on Take 2 Front Cover: Offset 100% recycled fibre Mingma Temba Sherpa. sourced only from post Photo: Simon Lowe. 2008/2009 consumer waste. Inner Design by: pages printed on Take 2 www.vividcreative.com Silk 75% recycled fibre. © 2007 V4362 V4362_JG_Exped_Bro_Price_Alt 1/5/08 15:10 Page 2 Ama Dablam Welcome to ‘The Matterhorn of the Himalayas.’ Jagged Globe Ama Dablam dominates the Khumbu Valley. Whether you are trekking to Everest Base Camp, or approaching the mountain to attempt its summit, you cannot help but be astounded by its striking profile. Here members of our 2006 expedition climb the airy south Expeditions & Treks west ridge towards Camp 2. See page 28. Photo: Tom Briggs. The trips The Mountains of Asia 22 Ama Dablam: A Brief History 28 Photo: Simon Lowe Porter Aid Post Update 23 Annapurna Circuit Trek 30 Teahouses of Nepal 23 Annapurna Sanctuary Trek 30 The Seven Summits 12 Everest Base Camp Trek 24 Lhakpa Ri & The North Col 31 The Seven Summits Challenge 13 -
Beyond Your Dreams Beyond Your Dreams
Beyond your dreams Beyond your dreams Destınatıon swıtzerland swıtzerland The home of the towering snowy peaks of the Alps and chocolate remain a n extremely popular vacation spot in Europe. Switzerland offers a diverse range of sights and activities for visitors to enjoy, which includes exploring the history, nature, and scenery in the summer or the beauty of the snowy landscapes in the winter. Made up of 26 Cantons, each area of Switzerland has its own culture and attractions. Land-locked by Germany, France, Italy, Liechtenstein, and Austria, Switzerland’s past and culture are intertwined and influenced by all of these neighbors. Throughout Europe’s tumultuous history, the relatively small country has always taken a neutral stance, which continues to play an important role in the politics Switzerland of today. The country remains the banking capital of Europe, a testimate which can be seen in the wealthy city of Zurich. Beyond your dreams How to get there? Switzerland has three international airports located in Basel, Geneva and Zurich. Of these, the largest is the Zurich Kloten International Airport, which is the main hub for Swiss Airlines, and home to more than 30 international carriers. Beyond your dreams What to do ın swıtzerland? Switzerland has a wonderful mix of natural and historical attractions with cities that offer a combination of world-class museums, historical sites and modern appeal. The countryside's fresh air and breathtaking views are surpassed only by the snow-capped peaks of the Swiss Alps, wonderful to explore on -
ZERMATT – GORNERGRAT Private De Luxe Train
90 YEARS OF THE GLACIER EXPRESS 15 to 19 July 2020 JUBILEE TRIP TIRANO – ST. MORITZ – ZERMATT – GORNERGRAT Private de Luxe Train Railway journey through the Swiss Alps on the tracks of the legendary Orient Express This luxury train includes two original Pullman cars, built in 1931, which once belonged to the Cie. Int. des Wagons-Lits et Grands Express européens. The exquisite wooden inlay work in the carriages was carried out by renowned French cabinetmaker René Prou. For the sector from St. Moritz to Zermatt, the train also has a bar-lounge carriage built in 1928 and a luggage car from 1930. For lunch on board, two Gourmino dining cars, dating from 1929 and 1930, are added to the special train. All these carriages have been lovingly restored down to the smallest detail, in accordance with today’s safety standards. The train is hauled by a railway locomotive from the period, such as the world-famous “Crocodile” of the Rhaetian Railway. Glacier Pullman Express passenger service staff will be on hand to attend to your needs throughout the trip. 90 years of the Glacier Express Jubilee trip from Tirano via St. Moritz and Zermatt to the Gornergrat Wednesday, 15 to Sunday, 19 July 2020 The trip from Tirano to the Gornergrat is a journey to remember Wednesday, 15 July 2020 Join the tour in Chur or St. Moritz (own travel arrangements) and overnight in the selected hotel. Thursday, 16 July 2020 In the morning travel by scheduled “Bernina Express” train service in 1st class from Chur or St. Moritz to Tirano. -
Price-Martin-F ... Rockies and Swiss Alps.Pdf
Price, Martin Francis (Ph.D., Geography) Mountain forests as common-property resources: management policies and their outcomes in the Colorado Rockies and the Swiss Alps. Thesis directed by Professor Jack D. Ives This is a historical, comparative study of the development, implementation, and results of policies for managing the forests of the Colorado Rockies and the Swiss Alps, with emphasis on two study areas in each region. The Pikes Peak (Colorado) and Davos (Switzerland) areas have been adjacent to regional urban centers since the late 19th century. The Summit (Colorado) and Aletsch (Switzerland) areas have experienced a rapid change from a resource-based to a tourism-based economy since the 1950s. The study's theoretical basis is that of common-property resources. Three primary outputs of the forests are considered: wood, recreation, and protection. The latter includes both the protection of watersheds and the protection of infrastructure and settlements from natural hazards. Forest management policies date back to the 13th century in Switzerland and the late 19th century in Colorado, but were generally unsuccessful in achieving their objectives. In the late 19th century, the early foresters in each region succeeded in placing the protection of mountain forests on regional, and then national, political agendas. In consequence, by the beginning of the 20th century, federal policies were in place to ensure the continued provision of the primary functions of the forests recognized at that time: protection and timber supply. During the 20th century, these policies have been expanded, with increasing emphasis on the provision of public goods. However, most policies have been reactive, not proactive. -
K2 Base Camp and Gondogoro La Trek
K2 And Gondogoro La Trek, Pakistan This is a trekking holiday to K2 and Concordia in the Karakoram Mountains of Pakistan followed by crossing the Gondogoro La to Hushe Valley to complete a superb mountaineering journey. Group departures See trip’s date & cost section Holiday overview Style Trek Accommodation Hotels, Camping Grade Strenuous Duration 23 days from Islamabad to Islamabad Trekking / Walking days On Trek: 15 days Min/Max group size 1 / 8. Guaranteed to run Meeting point Joining in Islamabad, Pakistan Max altitude 5,600m, Gondogoro Pass Private Departures & Tailor Made itineraries available Departures Group departures 2021 Dates: 20 Jun - 12 Jul 27 Jun - 19 Jul 01 Jul - 23 Jul 04 Jul - 26 Jul 11 Jul - 02 Aug 18 Jul - 09 Aug 25 Jul - 16 Aug 01 Aug - 23 Aug 08 Aug - 30 Aug 15 Aug - 06 Sep 22 Aug - 13 Sep 29 Aug - 20 Sep Will these trips run? All our k2 and Gondogoro la treks are guaranteed to run as schedule. Unlike some other companies, our trips will take place with a minimum of 1 person and maximum of 8. Best time to do this Trek Pakistan is blessed with four season weather, spring, summer, autumn and winter. This tour itinerary is involved visiting places where winter is quite harsh yet spring, summer and autumns are very pleasant. We recommend to do this Trek between June and September. Group Prices & discounts We have great range of Couple, Family and Group discounts available, contact us before booking. K2 and Gondogoro trek prices are for the itinerary starting from Islamabad to Skardu K2 - Gondogoro Pass - Hushe Valley and back to Islamabad. -
A Case Study of Gilgit-Baltistan
The Role of Geography in Human Security: A Case Study of Gilgit-Baltistan PhD Thesis Submitted by Ehsan Mehmood Khan, PhD Scholar Regn. No. NDU-PCS/PhD-13/F-017 Supervisor Dr Muhammad Khan Department of Peace and Conflict Studies (PCS) Faculties of Contemporary Studies (FCS) National Defence University (NDU) Islamabad 2017 ii The Role of Geography in Human Security: A Case Study of Gilgit-Baltistan PhD Thesis Submitted by Ehsan Mehmood Khan, PhD Scholar Regn. No. NDU-PCS/PhD-13/F-017 Supervisor Dr Muhammad Khan This Dissertation is submitted to National Defence University, Islamabad in fulfilment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Peace and Conflict Studies Department of Peace and Conflict Studies (PCS) Faculties of Contemporary Studies (FCS) National Defence University (NDU) Islamabad 2017 iii Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirement for Doctor of Philosophy in Peace and Conflict Studies (PCS) Peace and Conflict Studies (PCS) Department NATIONAL DEFENCE UNIVERSITY Islamabad- Pakistan 2017 iv CERTIFICATE OF COMPLETION It is certified that the dissertation titled “The Role of Geography in Human Security: A Case Study of Gilgit-Baltistan” written by Ehsan Mehmood Khan is based on original research and may be accepted towards the fulfilment of PhD Degree in Peace and Conflict Studies (PCS). ____________________ (Supervisor) ____________________ (External Examiner) Countersigned By ______________________ ____________________ (Controller of Examinations) (Head of the Department) v AUTHOR’S DECLARATION I hereby declare that this thesis titled “The Role of Geography in Human Security: A Case Study of Gilgit-Baltistan” is based on my own research work. Sources of information have been acknowledged and a reference list has been appended. -
Eisströme Im Aletschgebiet Ice Streams in the Aletsch Region
Eisströme im Aletschgebiet Ice streams in the Aletsch region Gletscher I Glacier Wissenswertes 2 Als die Gletscher bis ins Mittelland reichten … Es ist «nur» zirka 24‘000 Jahre her: Damals, während des Höhepunktes der letzten Eiszeit, der Würmeiszeit, glichen die Schweiz und damit auch das ganze Wallis einem zu lange nicht mehr abgetauten Gefrierfach: Der Fieschergletscher, der Grosse Aletschgletscher und der Rhonegletscher bildeten zusammen einen gewaltigen Eispanzer. Verstärkt und angeschoben durch die Eis- ströme aus den Walliser Seitentälern, reichten die Glet- scherausläufer bis nach Solothurn und der südliche Teil dieser gewaltigen Eismasse stiess sogar bis nach Lyon vor. Und es war kalt während der letzten Eiszeit: Die mittlere Jahrestemperatur lag 14-15° C tiefer als heute. Das ganze Rhonetal und sämtliche Walliser Seitentäler lagen also unter einer zusammenhängenden Eismasse, so auch das gesamte Aletschgebiet. Aus diesem Eis- meer ragten nur die höchsten Bergspitzen hervor: das Finsteraarhorn, das Aletschhorn, das Eggishorn, das Bettmerhorn, das Bietschhorn und das Sparrhorn. Zwi- schen Fiesch und Brig war der Eispanzer schätzungs- weise 1700 Meter dick und über der Riederfurka lastete eine Eisdecke von 400 bis 500 Metern Mächtigkeit. 1 Valuable Information 3 In the days when the glaciers reached the Mittelland … About 24,000 years ago, during the peak of the last gla- cial period (the Würm ice age) most of Switzerland and thus all of Valais resembled a freezer, which had not been defrosted for too long: the Fiescher glacier, the Great Aletsch glacier and the Rhone glacier formed an impressive ice shield. Strengthened and pushed by the ice streams from the Valais side valleys, the glacier’s ends reached to today’s Solothurn and the southern part of this huge ice field even advanced as far as Lyon. -
MASHERBRUM's SOUTHEAST FACE from Serac Peak
PlWi~J IJ) I:/! hJ Alt ( IJJI,,,,, / MASHERBRUM’S SOUTHEAST FACE from Serac Peak. Masherbrum-1960 WILLIAM UNSOELD AHANKS to three previous attempts made upon it, Masherbrum was an extremely well-scouted objective when our party approached it in May of 1960. As early as 1938 a British party led by James Wailer had reached a point high on the southeast face before being turned back by bad weather and frostbite. (See Himalayan Journal, 1939, pp. 42-56,) In 1955 a New Zealand group had exhausted itself in the pre-season snows before giving up at the foot of the southeast face, while as recently as 1957 a party from Manchester, England, reached a point only about 300 feet short of the summit. Members from each of these parties helpfully contributed all the information they could concern- ing the route, location of camps, best season of the year, etc., and so before our party even arrived in Pakistan, our schedule of moves was already made out with unaccustomed precision. Indeed, all hands shared the opinion that we really had this peak rigged and that barring a catastrophic accident or a complete breakdown in weather, we should have very little difficulty in pushing a successful rope to the summit. Of course, long before this level of optimism could be reached, there had to have been the usual uncertainties endured concerning party, per- mission, and finances. These had been the particular province of our Director and energizing spirit, Nick Clinch. With permission’ from the Pakistan government safely in hand, he tackled the tougher problem of getting together a party. -
The Aletsch Arena – the Most Libera.Ng Natural Experience in The
The Aletsch Arena – the most libera2ng natural experience in the Alps! MICE Program proposi2on - 4 days/3 nights Discover a unique natural landscape with a special, unspoilt character all of its own. The three holiday and tourist des2na2ons of Riederalp, BeLmeralp and Fiesch-Eggishorn are situated close to the 23km Great Aletsch Glacier, the largest of its kind in the Alps and undisputed highlight of the UNESCO Swiss Alps Jungfrau-Aletsch World Heritage Site. In summer, the car-free Aletsch Arena offers 317km of hiking paths, via ferrata, treetop adventure courses, mountain bike trails, paragliding flights, three viewpoints, the Pro Natura Centre and the highest nine-hole golf course in Europe. Authen2c relaxa2on or cool adventures. ! Infrastructure Hotels Others Holiday apartments Classificaon Beds Accommoda5on Numbe Classificaon Beds r 4 star **** 244 Group accommoda2ons, 5 star ***** 252 Guesthouses and Youth 3 star *** 892 4 star **** 1075 hostels 18 2 star ** 118 3 star *** 3791 No classifica2on 320 Swiss Olympic Training Base 1 2 star ** 550 How to find us aletscharena.ch/geng-here Riederalp, BeLmeralp and Fiesch-Eggishorn are the three holiday resorts at the heart of the Aletsch Arena in the canton of Valais. They can be reached safely and easily by car or train at any 2me of year. Riederalp, BeLmeralp and Fiescheralp are all car free! The final part of the journey takes place by cable car from the sta2ons in Mörel, BeLen Valley or Fiesch. Day 1 11:00 – 11:30 Arrive in the Aletsch Arena (Riederalp, BeLmeralp or Fiesch-Eggishorn) Three viewpoints (Moosfluh, BeLmerhorn or Eggishorn) Hohfluh and Moosfluh – magnificent vantage points by the Great Aletsch Glacier The Moosfluh viewpoint, a high-energy site, is situated at 2,333m above sea level, close to the Hohfluh viewpoint at an al2tude of 2,227m. -
Charityhike Dossier Medienberic
WOO Charity-Hike Wir helfen krebskranken Kindern in Zusammenarbeit mit der Greenhope Foundation Wir suchen deine Unterstützung zur Promotion unseres WOO Charity-Hike 2021 Geben auch Sie, wie die Läufer von unserem Charity-Hike, einen grossen Beitrag durch Ihre Berichterstattung und helfen krebskranken Kindern. GANZ NACH DEM MOTTO DU LÄUFST & WIR SPENDEN Zusammen wollen wir grosses erreichen, indem wir krebskranken Kindern helfen und gleichzeitig gutes für unseren eigenen Körper machen. Sich sportlich betätigen, so richtig auspowern oder einfach eine gemütliche Wanderung in einer der schönsten Locations der Schweiz geniessen und gleichzeitig krebskranken Kindern helfen? Dies funktioniert und zwar bei uns am WOO Charity-Hike vom 02. – 04. Juli in Fiesch. Der WOO Charity-Hike ist eine Sportveranstaltung an der jeder und jede teilnehmen darf. Egal ob als passionierter Wanderer, Läufer oder Spitzensportler! Bei uns wirst du deine Herausforderung und Vorlieben finden. Mit einem Startgeld von CHF 100.- bis du offiziell mit dabei und hilfst bereits gleichzeitig mit deinem Beitrag krebskranken Kindern. Dein Beitrag von CHF 100.- wird 1 : 1 an die Greenhope Foundation gespendet und du erhältst zusätzlich eine Tageskarte für die Luftseilbahnen Fiesch – Eggishorn, sowie deinen persönlichen Starterbeutel mit verschiedenen Geschenken unserer WOO Charity-Hike Sponsoren im Wert von CHF 230.- . Jedoch wie soll ich dies verstehen? Eine Sportveranstaltung, bei der passionierte Wanderer, Läufer und Spitzensportler aufeinander treffen soll kein Wettkampf sein? Hierzu haben wir uns als Veranstalter etwas ganz Besonderes überlegt. An erster Stelle steht die Teilnahme, sowie das Spenden an die Greenhop Foundation. Anschliessend kann jeder seine persönliche Herausforderung definieren, indem er entscheidet wie viele Durchgänge er absolvieren wird. -
Karakoram 1988
Karakoram 1988 PAUL NUNN (Plates 105, 106) The summer seems to have been marked by relatively good early weather for high snow peaks, but conditions were poor for high-altitude climbing in July and early August, causing disappointment on K2 to all parties and some problems elsewhere. Nevertheless, there was a continued trend towards creative ascents of new routes, on peaks varying from just below 8000m to small technical and not-so-technical mountains. The year began with the Polish-British-Canadian first attempt on K2 in winter. Bad weather caused immense difficulty in getting equipment to Base Camp, which delayed matters greatly. Andrzej Zawada, veteran of so many winter schemes, led the n-member team. They faced high winds and temperatures down to - 50°C. A high point of 7350m on the Abruzzi ridge was reached, but mostly the conditions seem to have been too bad to allow much progress. Roger Mear, Mike Woolridge and John Barry took part, though John did not go to Base Camp and Mike was ill. The first winter ascent of Broad Peak was something of a consolation prize. Maciej Berbeka and Alek Lwow set out on 3 March on an alpine-style ascent of the ordinary route. On 6 March Lwow decided to stay at a camp at 7700m after the exhausting struggle to reach that point through deep snow. Berbeka reached the top that night at 6pm and got down to 7900m before being forced to stop. Next morning he rejoined Lwow in poor weather and they made the descent safely. Both suffered frostbite.