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The Fukushima Nuclear Accident and Crisis Management
e Fukushima Nuclearand Crisis Accident Management e Fukushima The Fukushima Nuclear Accident and Crisis Management — Lessons for Japan-U.S. Alliance Cooperation — — Lessons for Japan-U.S. Alliance Cooperation — — Lessons for Japan-U.S. September, 2012 e Sasakawa Peace Foundation Foreword This report is the culmination of a research project titled ”Assessment: Japan-US Response to the Fukushima Crisis,” which the Sasakawa Peace Foundation launched in July 2011. The accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant that resulted from the Great East Japan Earthquake of March 11, 2011, involved the dispersion and spread of radioactive materials, and thus from both the political and economic perspectives, the accident became not only an issue for Japan itself but also an issue requiring international crisis management. Because nuclear plants can become the target of nuclear terrorism, problems related to such facilities are directly connected to security issues. However, the policymaking of the Japanese government and Japan-US coordination in response to the Fukushima crisis was not implemented smoothly. This research project was premised upon the belief that it is extremely important for the future of the Japan-US relationship to draw lessons from the recent crisis and use that to deepen bilateral cooperation. The objective of this project was thus to review and analyze the lessons that can be drawn from US and Japanese responses to the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, and on the basis of these assessments, to contribute to enhancing the Japan-US alliance’s nuclear crisis management capabilities, including its ability to respond to nuclear terrorism. -
Nationalism in Japan's Contemporary Foreign Policy
The London School of Economics and Political Science Nationalism in Japan’s Contemporary Foreign Policy: A Consideration of the Cases of China, North Korea, and India Maiko Kuroki A thesis submitted to the Department of International Relations of the London School of Economics for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, London, February 2013 Declaration I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the MPhil/PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me and any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this authorisation does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. I declare that my thesis consists of <88,7630> words. Statement of use of third party for editorial help I can confirm that my thesis was copy edited for conventions of language, spelling and grammar by Josh Collins and Greg Demmons. 2 of 3 Abstract Under the Koizumi and Abe administrations, the deterioration of the Japan-China relationship and growing tension between Japan and North Korea were often interpreted as being caused by the rise of nationalism. This thesis aims to explore this question by looking at Japan’s foreign policy in the region and uncovering how political actors manipulated the concept of nationalism in foreign policy discourse. -
Growing Democracy in Japan: the Parliamentary Cabinet System Since 1868
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Kentucky University of Kentucky UKnowledge Asian Studies Race, Ethnicity, and Post-Colonial Studies 5-15-2014 Growing Democracy in Japan: The Parliamentary Cabinet System since 1868 Brian Woodall Georgia Institute of Technology Click here to let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Thanks to the University of Kentucky Libraries and the University Press of Kentucky, this book is freely available to current faculty, students, and staff at the University of Kentucky. Find other University of Kentucky Books at uknowledge.uky.edu/upk. For more information, please contact UKnowledge at [email protected]. Recommended Citation Woodall, Brian, "Growing Democracy in Japan: The Parliamentary Cabinet System since 1868" (2014). Asian Studies. 4. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/upk_asian_studies/4 Growing Democracy in Japan Growing Democracy in Japan The Parliamentary Cabinet System since 1868 Brian Woodall Due to variations in the technical specifications of different electronic reading devices, some elements of this ebook may not appear as they do in the print edition. Readers are encouraged to experiment with user settings for optimum results. Copyright © 2014 by The University Press of Kentucky Scholarly publisher for the Commonwealth, serving Bellarmine University, Berea College, Centre College of Kentucky, Eastern Kentucky University, The Filson Historical Society, Georgetown College, Kentucky Historical Society, Kentucky State University, Morehead State University, Murray State University, Northern Kentucky University, Transylvania University, University of Kentucky, University of Louisville, and Western Kentucky University. All rights reserved. Editorial and Sales Offices: The University Press of Kentucky 663 South Limestone Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40508-4008 www.kentuckypress.com Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Woodall, Brian. -
Modeling Internet-Based Citizen Activism and Foreign Policy
MODELING INTERNET-BASED CITIZEN ACTIVISM AND FOREIGN POLICY: The Islands Dispute between China and Japan TOMONOBU KUMAHIRA Primary Thesis Advisor: Professor Jordan Branch Department of Political Science Secondary Thesis Advisor: Professor Kerry Smith Department of History Honors Seminar Instructor: Professor Claudia Elliott The Watson Institute for International Studies SENIOR THESIS Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts with Honors in International Relations BROWN UNIVERSITY PROVIDENCE, RI MAY 2015 © Copyright 2015 by Tomonobu Kumahira ABSTRACT How can citizens utilize the Internet to influence foreign policymaking? Optimists emphasize the Internet’s great potential to empower citizens, while pessimists underscore the persistent dominance of conventional actors in shaping diplomacy. These conceptual debates fail to build analytical models that theorize the mechanisms through which citizen activism impacts foreign policymaking in the Internet era. Focusing on the interactions between “old” institutions and new practices enabled by technology, I argue that Internet-based citizen activists are using multiple and evolving strategies to engage with the conventional media and policymakers. My Hybrid Model provides an analytical framework with which scholars can describe new forms of non-electoral representation by citizen movements, while challenging foreign policy decision making theories established before the social media. My model traces the Senkaku/Diaoyu Islands dispute between China and Japan, in which nationalist campaigns online and offline have fueled a series of confrontations since 2005. Presenting practical implications for foreign policymakers and the conventional media to respond to the transformation, this Hybrid Model also helps citizens play a more active role in international relations. In conclusion, I explore the analogy between the Internet and past innovations in communication technologies to shed light on the future of the Internet and politics. -
Japan 2017 Human Rights Report
JAPAN 2017 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Japan has a parliamentary government with a constitutional monarchy. Shinzo Abe, leader of the Liberal Democratic Party, became prime minister in 2012. Lower House elections in October, which returned Prime Minister Abe to office with a large majority, were considered free and fair. Civilian authorities maintained effective control over the security forces. There were no reports of egregious human rights abuses. The government enforced laws prohibiting human rights abuses and prosecuted officials who committed them. Section 1. Respect for the Integrity of the Person, Including Freedom from: a. Arbitrary Deprivation of Life and Other Unlawful or Politically Motivated Killings There were no reports that the government or its agents committed arbitrary or unlawful killings. b. Disappearance There were no reports of disappearances by or on behalf of government authorities. c. Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punishment The law prohibits such practices, and there were no reports that government officials employed them. The government continued to deny death-row inmates advance information about the date of execution and notified family members of executions after the fact. The government held that this policy spared prisoners the anguish of knowing when they were going to die. Some respected psychologists supported this reasoning; others demurred. JAPAN 2 Authorities regularly also hold prisoners condemned to death in solitary confinement until their execution. Authorities allow condemned prisoners visits by family, lawyers, and others. The length of such solitary confinement varies from case to case, and may extend for several years. Prisoners accused of crimes that could lead to the death penalty were also held in solitary confinement before trial, according to a nongovernmental organization (NGO) source. -
Gli Stranieri E Il Cinema Come Il Giappone Rappresenta Il Diverso
Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Lingue e Istituzioni Economiche e Giuridiche dell'Asia e dell'Africa Mediterranea Tesi di Laurea Magistrale Gli stranieri e il cinema Come il Giappone rappresenta il diverso Relatrice Ch. Prof. Maria Roberta Novielli Correlatrice Ch. Prof. Paola Scrolavezza Laureanda Giulia Annibale Matricola 833509 Anno Accademico 2016 / 2017 要旨 近年、移民と移民政策問題は全世界的な現象になってきており、世界中の政 府機関により注目されている。通常、報道メディアはニュースを映画、またはドラ マのようなエンターテインメント制作の手法をとって、移民に対するイメージを形 作ることに中心的な役割を務めている。なぜなら、報道メディアは民族に対する民 意にとって、強い影響力があるからである。移住者に対する日本の政策や態度は他 国と比べて特別なものであり、昔から変わらぬものがある。実際、現在でも日本は 移民に対して不寛容な国だと言われる。なぜなら、日本の移民政策は非常に厳しく、 日本社会は外からの人間に対して、社会に溶け噫みにくく、開いていないという現 実があるからだ。日本に昔から住み続けている移民の大多数は、韓国·朝鮮人の人々 だ。韓国と日本の関係は長い時間かけて築き上げられたものである。それゆえに、 私にとって在日コリアンの集団は、特に興味深い研究課題だと思った。 また、報道メディアはテレビや映画、新聞など、様々な種類がある。映画 の歴史や理論、その仕組みに深い関心を持っているからこそ、この論文テーマに映 画を選んだ。昔から、テレビが世界中で広まる前に、映画は人々の考え方に強い影 響力を持っていたことだろう。では、昔から現在まで、映画制作はどのように異国 人(特にコリアンの方)を表見したのか。 論文の中心は日本映画制作にコリアンの表現と歴史的背景の関係ということ だ。なぜなら、よくステレオタイプと僻みは歴史的背景から生成されて、マスコミ を通じて広げたり強くなったりして、結局事実になってきた。だから、日本の映画 制作においての外国人の表現方、そのイメージが聴衆の移民に対する意見に影響を 与えるかということもある。 一第部分は20世紀の初めから現在までの日本とコリアの関係史を表してい る。中心は韓国から日本への移住のことだ。二第部分は植民地時代と戦時を示して いる。その時、コリアは大日本帝国の植民地として併合された。土地の開発という わけで住民は移住させられた。その後、第2次大戦の初め直前に、帝国日本は低賃 金の労働者·兵士·売春婦さえとして多くの韓国人を徴兵された。その時の映画制 作に韓国人はほとんどなかった。清水宏の『有り難うさん』には若いコリアン女の 人の労働者を現れることがあるが、それは例外的なものだ。一方、コリアで日本の 手引きと法律に従って作ったプロパガンダの映画は義兵や日本人の主人公の恋人と して現れるのは多い。なぜなら、その人物は概念を体現として存在したからだ。三 第部分は戦後時代と経済復興時代に関する。その時、日本とコリアの国交を悪化し た。50年代の終わりまでコリアンは日本映画制作に見えないけれども、そのあと 監督たちは在日コリアンの話題に関心を発達した。その時から70年代までぐらいコ リアンはヤクザや社会迫害の犠牲者としてよく表現された。この時代の一番意味深 -
Japanese Homogeneity and Processes of Racialisation and Their Effects on the Korean Population Living in Japan
CERS Working Paper 2016 Abigail Witherwick Japanese homogeneity and processes of racialisation and their effects on the Korean population living in Japan Introduction I have decided to focus on Japan as part of this research into the processes of racialisation within a country outside of the UK. Japan is an interesting country to look at when researching the different processes of racialisation in different countries as it frequently claims that it is a homogenous, raceless society (Iwabuchi and Takezawa, 2015), despite this statement being politically incorrect. According to the Central Intelligence Agency (2015), 98.5% of the Japanese population are Japanese, 0.5% are Koreans, 0.4% are Chinese, and 0.6% are other. This demonstrates that the numbers of foreigners living in Japan are small; however, there are still large numbers of Koreans and Chinese living there. An OHCHR report by the UN (2005) concluded that there is racial discrimination and xenophobia in Japan which affects three groups; the Buraku people, the Ainu and the people of Okianawa, descendents of Japanese colonies (Koreans and Chinese), and foreigners and migrants from other Asian countries and from the rest of the world. Minorities are marginalised through their access to education, employment, health and housing (OHCHR, 2005). There is no national legislation that outlaws racial discrimination and provides a judicial remedy for the victims of racial prejudices (OHCHR, 2005). Iwabuchi and Takezawa (2015) argue that the Japanese government is reluctant to admit that there is a problem of racial discrimination, and they have internalised scientific discourses that racism is between ‘blacks’ and ‘whites’ in Africa and America. -
Japan Earthquake and Tsunami: Nuclear Disaster Looms Large >> Totallycoolpix
Japan Earthquake and Tsunami: Nuclear Disaster Looms Large >> TotallyCoolPix Contact RSS Twitter Facebook Bookmark Switch style J’aime Confirmer MAR 14 JAPAN EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI: NUCLEAR DISASTER LOOMS LARGE 01. A girl who has been isolated at a makeshift facility to screen, cleanse and isolate people with high radiation levels, looks at her dog through a window in Nihonmatsu, northern Japan, March 14, 2011, after a massive earthquake and tsunami that are feared to have killed more than 10,000 people. REUTERS/Yuriko Nakao Are Japan and the World on the brink of a nuclear disaster the likes we have not seen since Chernobyl? The likelihood of one of the 3 reactors the Fukushima nuclear facility going into mneltdown mode are increasing by the hour. Several explosions have been heard and seen and increased levels of radiation have also been measured in the area. And to make http://totallycoolpix.com/2011/03/japan-earthquake-and-tsunami-nuclear-disaster-looms-large/[15/03/2011 10:09:30] Japan Earthquake and Tsunami: Nuclear Disaster Looms Large >> TotallyCoolPix matters worse, Fukushima is only one of 3 nuclear plants in trouble after the massive earthquake and tsnumai which hit Japan on March 11th. 02. A combination photo made of still images from video footage March 14, 2011, shows the explosion at Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power complex. A hydrogen explosion rocked a crippled nuclear power plant in Japan on Monday where authorities have been scrambling to avert a meltdown following Friday's massive earthquake and tsunami. REUTERS/NTV via Reuters TV http://totallycoolpix.com/2011/03/japan-earthquake-and-tsunami-nuclear-disaster-looms-large/[15/03/2011 10:09:30] Japan Earthquake and Tsunami: Nuclear Disaster Looms Large >> TotallyCoolPix http://totallycoolpix.com/2011/03/japan-earthquake-and-tsunami-nuclear-disaster-looms-large/[15/03/2011 10:09:30] Japan Earthquake and Tsunami: Nuclear Disaster Looms Large >> TotallyCoolPix 04. -
Japan's ''Coalition of the Willing'
Japan’s ‘‘Coalition of the Willing’’ on Security Policies by Robert Pekkanen and Ellis S. Krauss Robert Pekkanen ([email protected]) is assistant professor of international studies at the University of Washington. Ellis S. Krauss ([email protected]) is professor of interna- tional relations and Pacific studies at the University of California, San Diego. This paper is based on a paper presented at fpri’s January 27, 2005, conference, ‘‘Party Politics and Foreign Policy in East Asia,’’ held in Philadelphia. The authors thank Michael Strausz for his research assistance. n 1991, Japan was vilified by many for its ‘‘failure’’ to contribute boots on the ground to the U.S.-led Gulf War. Prime Minister Toshiki Kaifu (1989– I 91) found it difficult to gain support for any cooperation with the U.S.-led coalition in that conflict. Today, Japan’s Self-Defense Forces are stationed in a compound in Samuur, Iraq, part of President Bush’s ‘‘coalition of the willing,’’ and four of its destroyers are positioned in the Indian Ocean to aid the counterterrorism effort in Afghanistan. While many of the United States’ nato allies have been reluctant to aid current American security efforts, especially in Iraq, Japan has been among the staunchest supporters of American military ventures in the Middle East and of its stance toward North Korean nuclear development. As a result, Washington has moved from ‘‘bashing Japan’’ in the 1980s over trade policy and ‘‘passing Japan’’—ignoring it in favor of the rest of Asia—to lauding it for surpassing most of American’s other defense partners. -
2017 Japan: Shinzō Abe Wins a New Mandate
At a glance October 2017 Japan: Shinzō Abe wins a new mandate Shinzō Abe won the snap elections he called for the lower house on 22 October 2017. Despite her popularity, Tokyo's governor Yuriko Koike failed to convince the electorate to oust a prime minister in charge since December 2012. The newly created Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan became the main opposition force in the House of Representatives. In coalition with Kōmeitō, Abe's Liberal Democratic Party holds a two-thirds majority enabling it to pass constitutional amendments. The outcome of the 22 October 2017 elections On 22 October 2017, elections for the lower chamber (House of Representatives) of Japan's Parliament took place. Turnout was 53.69 %, reversing a long-term declining trend (2014 had seen a record low of 52.66 %) despite a powerful typhoon that might have encouraged voters to stay at home. The Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) was confirmed as the country's largest party, with 281 seats. Its partner Kōmeitō obtained 29 seats. With a combined 310 seats, they retain two thirds of the lower chamber, the majority needed to revise the Constitution, one of Abe's goals. The Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan (CDPJ) became the main opposition party, obtaining 54 seats. The CDPJ is Japan’s smallest main opposition party since 1955. Tokyo's governor Yuriko Koike's Kibō no Tō (Party of Hope) obtained 50 seats. Shinzō Abe won his fourth mandate. Grandson of Nobusuke Kishi, prime minister in the 1950s, his first mandate was from September 2006 to September 2007, when he became, at 52, Japan’s youngest post-War prime minister and the first to have been born after the war. -
VYTAUTAS MAGNUS UNIVERSITY Julija Germanavičiūtė
VYTAUTAS MAGNUS UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF HUMANITIES DEPARTMENT OF CULTURAL STUDIES Julija Germanavičiūtė JAPANESE CIVIL SOCIETY AFTER 1998: THE CASE OF NPOS FOCUSED ON INTEGRATION OF FOREIGNERS Final Master‘s Thesis East Asia Region Studies programme, Code 621L20007 Field of Studies: Political Science Supervisor: Dr. Linas Didvalis ______________ ___________ (signature) (date) Defended: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Rūta Eidukevičienė ______________ ___________ (Dean of the faculty) (signature) (date) Kaunas, 2017 Contents Santrauka 3 Summary 4 Introduction 5 PART I THE COMPATIBILITY OF CIVIL SOCIETY AND MULTICULTURALISM 1.1 Different approaches to civil society 9 1.2 Shifting from homogeneity to multiculturalism 14 1.3 Political environment for NPOs and multiculturalism 17 1.4 Emerging civil society in Japan 19 PART II NON-PROFIT ORGANISATIONS AND FOREIGNERS 2.1 Facilitating domestic and international NPO network 25 2.2 The need for pro-foreign support groups 27 2.3 Relationship between Japanese civil organisations and the government 30 2.4 Multiculturalism and civil society in Japan 35 2.5 Interaction of the private sector and civil society 39 PART III JAPANESE NGOS MONITORED BY FOREIGNERS 3.1 Interaction of foreign NPOs and the government 44 3.2 Fostering cooperation between the private sector and foreign NPOs 47 3.3 Prospects to improve Japan’s civil society 49 Conclusions 52 Bibliography 54 Appendices 62 2 Santrauka Lyginant Japonijos pilietinę visuomenę su kitų šalių visuomenėmis, skaičių bei įvairovę nevyriausybinių (toliau NVO) bei nepelno siekiančių organizacijų, akademikai pažymi, kad ji – dar tik pradinio vystymosi stadijoje. Tam turėjo įtakos Imperatoriaus kultas, iki 1947-ųjų galiojusi konstitucija bei kiti piliečius bei jų teises reglamentuojantys įstatymai. -
JAPAN Auf Einen BLICK Nr. 171: Februar 2013
JAPAN AUF EINEN BLICK Februar 2013 Das Monatsmagazin des Konsulats von Japan in Hamburg Ausgabe 171 / Februar 2013 Japan lädt ein Sayonara Berichte zum Empfang anlässlich des Mai Fujii, Researcher/Adviser, blickt Geburtstages S.M. des Kaisers sowie auf ihre zweijährige Dienstzeit in über den Neujahrsempfang…..Seite.02 Hamburg zurück.……………..Seite.05 Wahlergebnisse Ankurbeln Unterhauswahlen vom 16.12.2012 Die japanische Regierung bringt Kon- und neues Kabinett unter junkturpaket auf den Weg, um zum Premierminister Shinzo Abe…Seite.08 Wachstum zurückzukehren…Seite.10 Neujahrsfeste Stromnetz Hakuba-Club, DJG Winsen und DJG Mitsubishi und TenneT investieren in Hannover feiern Shinnenkai …Seite.11 Offshore-Netzanbindungen ..Seite.13 WAS ÜBRIG BLEIBT, Ehrung Termine BRINGT GLÜCK Hideki Fujii wird für seine vielfältigen http://www.hamburg.emb- Verdienste ausgezeichnet ..…Seite.15 japan.go.jp/downloads/termine.pdf Nokorimono niwa fuku ga aru JAPAN AUF EINEN BLICK Kultur- & Informationsbüro des Konsulats von Japan in Hamburg, Rathausmarkt 5, 20095 Hamburg, [email protected], www.hamburg.emb-japan.go.jp, Tel.: 040 333 0170, Fax: 040 303 999 15 REDAKTION Konsul Tomio Sakamoto (verantwortlich), Konsul Tatsuhiko Ichihara; Udo Cordes, Helga Eggers, Sabine Laaths, Marika Osawa, Saori Takano. JAPAN AUF EINEN BLICK erscheint zehnmal im Jahr und ist kostenlos als E-Letter zu beziehen. Alle hier veröffentlichten Artikel entsprechen nicht unbedingt der Meinung der japanischen Regierung oder des Konsulats von Japan in Hamburg. Redaktionsschluss ist der 15. des jeweiligen Vormonats. JAPAN AUF EINEN BLICK // Ausgabe 171 / Februar 2013 2 LEITARTIKEL Japan bittet zum Empfang Zwei große Empfänge im Hotel Vier Jahreszeiten in Hamburg, zu dem eng mit Japan verbundene Persönlichkeiten aus ganz Norddeutschland sowie das Hamburger Konsularkorps geladen waren, prägten das gesellschaftliche Leben Anfang Dezember des letzten Jahres und zum Jahresbeginn.