The offcial journal of the Wellington Society Inc Volume 35.07 – July 2018

Come to one of 2018 MacBook Pro our meetings Apple have released new models of the 13-inch and 15-inch Wellington MacBook Pro with Touch Bar and four Thunderbolt 3 ports. Monday, 30 July 7.15pm - 9.30pm Subject: Backups Kapiti Monday, 6 August 7.10pm - 9.30pm Subject: Accessing Digital Media iPad Group* TBA (August) Kapiti The new models have more processor cores (quad-core in the 13-inch, six-core in the 15-inch), better keyboards, an improved Help Desk* TBA (September) display, enhanced security, and new high end options for Wellington storage (and 32 GB RAM in the 15-inch model).

See page 2 for more details of meetings The entry level 13-inch models with function keys and two *Please register by emailing Thunderbolt 3 ports have not been updated at this time. [email protected]

Where to find us Unless otherwise indicated, main meetings are normally as follows. Wellington: last Monday of the month (except December) at Brian Davis Room, Cathedral of St Paul, corner Hill St and Molesworth St, Wellington. Kapiti: first Monday of the month (except January) at Kapiti Uniting Parish, Weka Road, Raumati. Help desks and other special interest meetings vary.

The President Writes p2 Compare Before/After Edits in INSIDE Photos p6 Time Machine Setup and options p4 Committee Contact Details p8

CAPITAL APPLE – JULY 2018 PAGE 1 The president writes ...

Kapiti iPad/iPhone Group An iPad/iPhone group meeting is being planned for a Saturday afternoon in August but the date has not yet been finalised. For more information or if you would like to attend the meeting, please contact Shane Gordine [email protected]. David Empson [email protected]

Hi folks. New MacBook Pro models Apple has introduced 2018 models of the 13-inch Wellington Meeting and 15-inch MacBook Pro with Touch Bar (and four Our main meeting in Wellington will be held on Thunderbolt 3 ports). For details, see Monday 30 July in the Brian Davis Room at https://www.apple.com/nz/macbook-pro/ Wellington Cathedral of St Paul, corner Hill St and I’ve sent a report to members going into some Molesworth St, Wellington, from 7.15pm. detail about the new models, with a price and The meeting will start with a Q&A session for feature comparison chart. If you would like a copy, those who have any technical issues. It would be please contact me at [email protected]. appreciated if questions could be emailed in The new models are available to order from advance to [email protected] so we can Apple online or from retailers, and display models plan ahead. Following Q&A we will have a light should be arriving at retailers soon. There are some supper then the main topic. bargains on the discontinued 2017 models if you This month’s topic is “Backups”. David Empson get in quick. will lead a discussion on backing up your Mac Prices and the general design have not changed with Time Machine, cloning software, options for from the 2017 models, but there are several feature cloud backups, plus backing up iPhones and iPads. improvements: faster CPUs with more cores (including quad core processors in the 13-inch Kapiti Meeting models for the first time), displays with “True The Kapiti meeting will be held on Monday 6 Tone” (white balance adjusts to ambient light), August at the Kapiti Uniting Parish, 10 Weka Rd, quieter keyboards, better security and faster Raumati, from 7:10 pm. encrypted solid state storage due to the T2 system This month we have a guest presenter from the management processor. Kapiti Coast Library who will be showing If you need to run high end software, the 15-inch applications used to access digital media available models have a custom option for 32 GB of RAM. at the library and elsewhere, including The maximum capacity of the internal solid state newspapers, magazines and books, most of which storage (for custom orders) has doubled, but at is available free of charge. very high costs: 13-inch models can now have up If you would like to receive e-mail to 2 TB, 15-inch models up to 4 TB. announcements about upcoming Kapiti meetings, please contact Don Niccol [email protected]. What about other Macs? The entry level 13-inch MacBook Pro with Help Desk function keys (and two Thunderbolt 3 ports) were The next help desk is being planned for not updated: Apple is still selling the 2017 models. Wellington or Lower Hutt for September. Details to follow in next month’s issue of Capital Apple. continued over page

CAPITAL APPLE – JULY 2018 PAGE 2 No other new Mac models have been copy of the High Sierra from App Store announced, and the timing of macOS 10.13.6 while you can. Once Apple releases Mojave, it may strongly implies other new Macs won’t be released be difficult or impossible to download the High before macOS 10.14 Mojave. That means we could Sierra installer from App Store, except on older see new models in other families as soon as models which are unable to upgrade further (Late September or October. 2009 through 2011 Macs). There are rumours suggesting new models of I’m hoping Apple will grant an extended grace the iMac, Mac mini, MacBook and possibly period for getting High Sierra (via a roundabout MacBook Air. method) because High Sierra is the last version that will run 32-bit applications “without What about iPhones and iPads? compromise”. As per the pattern in recent years it is likely that Apple will announce new iPhone models at a Other Software Updates media event in September, along with announcing There are corresponding security and the public release of the next major OS versions for updates available for OS X 10.11.6 El Capitan and each platform. macOS 10.12.6 Sierra. Once Mojave is released, El We haven’t seen an update of the iPhone SE yet. Capitan won’t get further security and Safari It is based on the same architecture as the iPhone updates, but should get iTunes updates for 6s and 6s Plus, which are the oldest models still another year. being sold. We may see those three models iOS 11.4.1 is probably the final update of iOS 11 discontinued along with price drops for the before the release of iOS 12, but there could still be iPhone 7 and 8. If so, an updated version of the SE late iOS 11.4.x updates with security or bug fixes. is likely. If it is minor update it might happen I noticed that some of my devices seemed to be before the September media event. suffering poor battery life in iOS 11.4 and that There are strong hints of upcoming new iPad seems to have been fixed by iOS 11.4.1. iOS 11.4.1 Pro models which will adopt Face ID and other also introduces a new USB device security features from the iPhone X. They are likely to be mechanism which provides some degree of announced at the September media event. protection against passcode cracking tools. The regular iPad was updated in March and another update is not expected until next year. Major new versions coming in September The iPad mini 4 and 6th generation iPod Touch If Apple sticks to their recent pattern, macOS are two processor generations behind the entry 10.14 Mojave and iOS 12 should be officially level iPad and one behind the iPhone 6s, so it is released in mid to late September. increasingly likely that both will be discontinued For Mojave, it is wise to be cautious before soon. Apple might grant one or both a reprieve by rushing in, especially if you have third party releasing replacements with newer processors, and applications which might have compatibility that sort of update could happen at any time (e.g. problems: not just the expected “compromises” for the last iPod Touch update was via a press release 32-bit applications, but also general in July 2015). Alternatively, those product lines incompatibilities which might mean waiting for could be quietly discontinued. developers to catch up and release updates. For iOS 12, there are no significant changes macOS 10.13.6 (High Sierra) expected beyond performance improvements, so Apple has released macOS 10.13.6, which is the main risk of upgrading early is being first to probably the last minor version for High Sierra, find the new bugs! apart from a possible “supplementary update” or the expected two years of security updates. That’s all, folks! Those who are not yet running High Sierra and ! have a Mac which will be able to upgrade to David Empson macOS 10.14 Mojave (2012 or later models, plus 2010 Mac Pro tower) would be wise to download a To contact me, email [email protected], or you can ring me at home (976 9755)

CAPITAL APPLE – JULY 2018 PAGE 3 Time Machine Setup and options

by Neville Owen Time Machine is the main Apple strategy for At the other end of the spectrum you might non-IT- specialists to keep a backup of documents, simply have a Time Machine drive sitting next to files, folders and applications. your so if your computer gets stolen If you don’t have a Time Machine drive then your Time Machine drive will probably get specified, the first time you plug in a new hard stolen too. disk, Time Machine will ask if you want to use You need to match your data value to your risk this disk as a Time Machine drive. profile and your computer habits. So what is Time Machine and how does it What Time Machine provides is quick and easy work? And, more important, how do I use it? access to a copy of your files and allows you to What is Time Machine? access multiple versions since Time Machine was Time Machine is an Apple app that creates a first run. So if you want to review what you regular backup of your computer that you can use created two weeks ago then changed and changed to restore old files from. again, Time Machine will have the older version Time Machine is accessed from your catalogued for you to go back and look at. Preferences folder and will present the window in Figure 1.1. For easy future access you should tick the box “Show Time Machine in menu bar” so it will live on the top right of your screen near the clock, the current user name, the search spy glass and other things you may have assigned. A lot of gurus and IT specialists don’t regard Time Machine as a “real” backup strategy because it doesn’t work the way a network would like. But there are a lot of people who aren’t network managers who still need to make a backup that allows them to recover old files Figure 1.1 somehow. It’s worthwhile knowing what Time What is a Time Machine drive? Machine is and is not. You would usually use an external hard disk Time Machine is an incremental backup. This drive with a capacity greater than your internal means it only adds changes since last backup. drive. A common rule of thumb would suggest Your first backup might take several hours to the drive should be twice as big as your computer create. After that a backup might take a few hard drive but this isn’t essential. You can exclude minutes. files from the Time Machine backup so you can The other main backup strategy used by use a drive that is much smaller than your commercial operators is to create an entire clone computer hard drive but setup is a bit more of a hard drive at regular intervals. This generates complicated. I’ll cover this under Options later. a lot more data but you have greater flexibility You could create and assign a partition on your and options to access the files. internal drive as a Time Machine drive or you So, which one is better? Well like all options, could use a thumb drive that just backs up your and without getting bogged down on details, it working documents files that might be quite depends. If you small. You can also have more than one drive need to keep everything — off site, every day — used for Time Machine backups but you can only then a commercial service doing a full backup is assign a common backup profile for all backup for you. You can create your own version of this drives. using one or more hard drives that you use to create a regular backup and swap about to some off site location for added security. continued over page

CAPITAL APPLE – JULY 2018 PAGE 4 Figure 1.2 shows Time Machine after I clicked Now lets have a look at Options. This is the on Select Disk. This screen shows a list of only other thing to set up. Options will open a available drives that can be selected as a Time window and allow you to exclude files. From Machine drive. The second entry is an 8 GB Figure 1.3 you can see my full Time Machine thumb drive called NO NAME on which I have backup is about 300 GB. Figure 1.4 shows a Time 5.49 GB free. Time Machine would be happy to Machine backup for my old Mac where I’ve use this as long as I exclude enough files to make excluded heaps of files to fit the backup onto a the backup small enough to fit. small drive. If you have a good reason to exclude files, simply select the + and a window will open and allow you to navigate to the file you wish to exclude. It will be added to the list and it will never be backed up. You will also get a live update of the size of the backup and the size of the excluded files.

Figure 1.1 Getting Started Once your system has recognised a drive as your Time Machine drive and you have opened Time Machine from the preferences window, check that you have selected “Show Time Figure 1.4 Machine in the menu bar”. This will allow easy The only reason I can think to exclude access to know what Time Machine is doing and anything, is to make the backup smaller so you to see when the last backup occurred. You can can use a smaller hard disk than the size of your now enter Time Machine from the pull down in Mac hard disk. A smaller backup will be faster the the menu bar. You should also select “Back Up first time but future backups will hardly be Automatically”. While not mandatory, it's a good affected. I’m sure there will be other reasons but I option. The only reason I have come across for not can’t think of any. choosing automatic backup is if you create huge Time Machine was really designed to have the amounts of data and do lots of changes. And by drive permanently available, so unless you keep huge I mean high resolution video editing. This two drives and swap them about, one should might fill up a Time Machine drive very quickly always be connected. and use processing resources unnecessarily. If you If you do want to disconnect your current Time are this person then manual backups may be a Machine drive remember to eject it first. better option. You just need to remember to do the Once you have a Time Machine backup backup. running and keeping track of your activity for a few days you can have a look at how to restore files, folders and everything else that Time Machine has been keeping for you. At this point I should explain how often Time Machine does its backup. If your Time Machine drive is plugged in it will occur every hour that the computer is active. Time Machine then manages how much data it keeps with the following priority. Hourly for the past 24 hours, daily for the last month and weekly for previous Figure 1.3 months.

CAPITAL APPLE – JULY 2018 PAGE 5 Compare Before/After Edits in Photos by Adam Engst

For many of us, one of the difficulties in editing photos is determining whether a minor change is better or worse. Does clicking the Enhance button in Photos improve the photo in a real way? Is applying one of the built-in filters helpful, or just a gimmick? When you bump up the saturation, are the colors too garish? These questions are difficult to answer in isolation because it’s hard to remember precisely what the image looked like before you applied the Before (left, with M pressed) and after (right, letting adjustment. In iPhoto 2, way back when, Apple up on M) introduced a hidden feature that would simulate the Revert to Original command temporarily, The M key doesn’t let you compare the before undoing all your edit changes while you held and after results of any cropping you’ve done, down the Control key. In iPhoto ‘08, Apple unlike iPhoto. That’s too bad because sometimes changed that keyboard shortcut to Shift, for no all the editing a photo needs is some judicious apparent reason. cropping to remove extraneous detail on the edges When Apple replaced iPhoto with Photos, that and focus on the subject. However, there’s another feature seemingly disappeared, and I have long even more hidden keyboard shortcut that toggles missed it, to the point where I often instinctively between the original image and the cropped press Shift when I’m editing a photo, to no effect. image: Control-M. It’s odd enough that it’s a So I was quite embarrassed to discover only separate shortcut, but even stranger is the fact that recently that the feature has been in Photos all it works only when you’re in either Adjust or Filter along, but assigned to yet another keyboard views, not in the Crop view. Control-clicking the shortcut: the M key, which, I’m informed by a Show Original button has no effect. reader, was the shortcut in Aperture. And, showing just how icon-blind I am, another reader pointed out that there’s a Show Original button in the upper-left corner, next to the window controls. Happily, Apple brought the feature to the iOS version of Photos too, albeit with a different interface. Regardless, the before/after comparison in Photos on the Mac works much the same way as it did in iPhoto. Double-click a photo in Photos and Before (left, with Control-M pressed) and after (right, then click the Edit button in the upper-right corner letting up on Control-M) (or press Return) to edit it. Make a change by clicking the Enhance button, tweaking sliders in These are for quick checks of what the the Adjust panels, or applying a filter. Then, while original image looked like, so they aren’t helpful you’re still in edit mode, press the M key to see the for seeing if one particular adjustment is better or original image. It sticks around only while the key worse while leaving all the others active. For that, is down; let go to see the edited image again. You click the blue checkmark next to each set of can repeat the action as often as you want and adjustment controls that you’ve used to turn just even if you stop editing a photo and return to it that adjustment off. Or, use Undo (Command-Z) later, but remember, it works only in edit mode. continued over page

CAPITAL APPLE – JULY 2018 PAGE 6 and Redo (Command-Shift-Z), both of which offer What about the iOS version of Photos? Start multiple levels so you can step back and forth editing an image and then tap the image once, through your changes. Finally, Image > Revert to which causes it to show the original for about 2 Original (or click its button) remains the ultimate seconds. During that time, Photos displays an undo, and yes, you can even use Undo on Revert ORIGINAL badge on the top of the image. If to Original if you decide you don’t want to lose all you’ve cropped the image as well, the badge reads your edits. CROPPED ORIGINAL and shows you just the cropped portion of the image, not the uncropped original as Control-M does on the Mac.

TidBits...

Stickies to — macOS I love Stickies.app, which is an application on my Mac. I have been using Stickies for a very long time. I write all sorts of jottings, screenshots and pictures, receipts, licence keys etc. etc. In previous systems it was possible to find the Stickies database and export that and put it in the cloud so it was accessible elsewhere. That’s not available anymore but things have become much easier. Under the file menu in Stickies there is a new command: Export to Notes. Stickies is still useful but Notes does it all, if not in colour. When imported into Notes, the Stickies can still be found by their colour via the sidebar.

Change Case — Pages — macOS and iOS 11 You can easily switch selected text between cases (upper case, lower case, capitalize). You may need to do this if you find you have accidentally activated caps lock and continued typing a few words. On a Mac Select the text you want to change than use the Edit > Transformations Menu item. On iOS Select the text whose case you want to change and tap the paintbrush icon. Scroll down to the Bold, Italic, Underline commands and tap the three dots.

CAPITAL APPLE – JULY 2018 PAGE 7 PO Box 1100, Wellington 6140, New Zealand

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The Wellington Macintosh Society Incorporated is a non-profit editor or the Wellington Macintosh Society Inc. Copyright of trade- organisation formed in April 1984 with the following objectives: marks and trade names used remains with the owners at all times. • To exchange and disseminate information among the members Advertising rates: $35 full page, $20 half-page (members); $50 full concerning the computer arts and sciences. page, $35 half-page (non-members). For details, contact the editor. • To publish books, newsletters, magazines and periodicals for the benefit and education of members and the public. Home phone • To conduct and sponsor seminars, lectures and courses relating Patron Steve Wozniak to the computer arts and sciences. President David Empson 976 9755 • To provide technical assistance to members of the group. Vice President Shane Gordine N/A • To seek privileges and discounts for members. Secretary Andrew McPherson 971 1914 Subscriptions: $30 a year from date of joining. Treasurer Peter Kirby 478 5386 Website: http://www.welmac.org.nz Journal editor Graeme Moffatt 905 6321 Email: [email protected] (email addresses for committee Membership Secretary Shane Gordine 971 1914 members are available on the website) Committee Joseph Booth 526 5141 Graeme Moffatt 905 6321 Please contact the information officer for all enquiries regarding Martin McKendrick N/A meetings and other activities. Membership enquiries should be Information Officer Dennis Hamblin 478 9466 directed to the membership secretary. TheCAPITAL views expressed APPLE in this –journal JULY are 2018not necessarily those of the PAGE 8