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Bulgarije 06-17Juni 2007 Bulgarije 06-17 juni 2007 Verslag en foto’s: Valérie Goethals ALGEMEEN 1. Deelnemers Johan Debuck, Valérie Goethals, Ivan Leroy, Guido Orbie, Jef Van de Water, Roland Vannieuwenhuyze 2. Vervoer a. vliegtuig Vliegtuigreis heen & terug met Bulgaria Air voor 336 Euro (inclusief luchthaventaksen). Vertrek: Woensdag 6 juni om 10u vanuit Brussel met aankomst te Sofia om 14u. Terug: Zondag 17 juni om 16u35 vanuit Sofia met aankomst te Brussel om 18u20. b. wagen Ter plaatse werd een bus ter beschikking gesteld, een Mercedes Vito. 3. Logement Dobrinishte Familiehotel Kalinkovi Anna Lachina-Kalinkova 14 Ivan Galchev Street Blagoevgrad District Dobrinishte 2777 Mobile: +359 887 316176 Mobile: +359 896 887030 E-mail: [email protected] Bulgaars, familiaal hotel te Dobronishte met een appartement met vier bedden en 5 dubbele kamers met aparte badkamers met warm water, centrale verwarming. De gasten worden er door Nikolay en Katia Kalinkova met Byzantijnse gastvrijheid ontvangen, de service is voortreffelijk en gemoedelijk en het eten is typisch Bulgaars en overheerlijk. De sfeer is uitgesproken huiselijk. In het dorp is er mogelijkheid om van een echt Bulgaars bad met mineraal bronwater te genieten. De familie organiseert ook dagtochten naar historische sites als Rila, Plovdiv, 1 Melnik and Rozen en andere bezienswaardigheden. Mogelijkheid tot transfer van de gasten van en naar de nationale luchthaven van Sofia. Op vraag kan een reisprogramma worden opgesteld in het Rila- Pirin- of Rhodope-gebergte of verspreid over Zuid-Bulgarije van de grens met Macedonië tot aan de Zwarte Zee. Een kamer met halfpension bedraagt 20 Euro. De prijzen voor transfers, lunchpakket en begeleide uitstappen zijn zeer democratisch. Nikolay heet ons welkom in Bulgarije Madjarovo Albena en Marin Kurtev Nature Conservation Center Eastern Rodopes Madjarovo Fax: +359 3720345 Mobile: +359 887 389121 Tel.: +359 887 941698 E-mail: [email protected] Website: vulturecenter.bspb.org Vlakbij Madjarovo bevindt zich een natuurinformatiecentrum met een uitgebreide expositie over het gierenbeschermingsproject en de natuur van de streek. Je kan er ook eten en overnachten. Er is mogelijkheid tot begeleide roofvogeltochten in de omgeving van Madjarovo, onder andere naar de ‘gierenrestaurants’ waar kadavers van runderen worden gelegd. 2 4. Reis- en natuurinformatie Kaartmateriaal Bulgaria, schaal 1:400.000, Reise Know-How. ISBN 3-8317-068-9. Road map Bulgaria, schaal 1:530.000, Data Map. ISBN 9548717-04-02. Boeken, verslagen en websites Baumann, H. & S. Künkele (1989) Thieme’s Orchideeëngids. De wilde orchideeën van Europa. Thieme. Blamey, M. & C. Grey-Wilson (1993) Wilde flora rond de Middellandse Zee. Schuyt & co. Gosney, D. (1993) Finding birds in Bulgaria. Gostours. Iankov, P. (1996) Where to watch birds in Bulgaria. Pensoft. Lafranchis, T. (2004) Butterflies of Europe. Diatheo. Mullarney, K., Svensson, L., Zetterström, D. & P.J. Grant (2000) ANWB Vogelgids van Europa. Tirion. Polunin, O. (1970) Bloemen en planten van Europa, Zomer & Keuning. Polunin, O. (1980) Flowers of Greece and the Balkans, a field guide. Oxford University Press. Steur, J. (2005) Vlinderrijkdom in de bergen van Zuid-Bulgarije. Vlinders 3. Tolman, T. & R. Lewington (1999) De nieuwe vlindergids van Europa en Noord-Afrika. Tirion. http:// www.bulgariabirdquest.org http:// www.ecotouristservices.nl http:// www.accuweather.com http://reptilvar.free.fr/bulletin 16.pdf http://www.hylawerkgroep.be/jeroen/index.php?id=9 5. Algemene informatie Bulgarije is mede door zijn geografische ligging één van de rijkste Europese landen op valk van biodiversiteit. Naast een grote vogelrijkdom kent het land een rijke vlinderfauna. Tot 3000 dag- en nachtvlinders werden er genoteerd. Bulgarije bevat belangrijke populaties van verscheidene vlindersoorten die beperkt zijn tot Europa en die beschouwd worden als globaal bedreigd. Vele goede vlinderhabitats bevinden zich in sommige riviervalleien en nationale parken als Stara Planina (het Balkangebergte), Rila en het Piringebergte. Op de zuidelijke hellingen van het Piringebergte heerst een warm klimaat onder invloed van de Middellandse Zee. Zuidelijke vlindersoorten kunnen hier dus ook waargenomen worden. Bulgarije kent bovendien één van de rijkste flora van Europa, met héél wat unieke en endemische soorten. De orchideeënfamilie, met zijn spectaculaire bloemen, is er zeer goed vertegenwoordigd met 68 soorten. Een brede waaier van plantengemeenschappen kan er worden bewonderd. De grootste variëteit vindt men in de grotere Bulgaarse berggebieden. Deze reis behelst het berggedeelte van Bulgarije: het Rhodope- en het Piringebergte in het uiterste zuidwesten. Het Rhodopegebergte strekt zich uit 3 tot in Griekenland en Turkije. Het Piringebergte is iets minder bekend dan het Rhodopegebergte maar is op het vlak van natuur zeker niet te versmaden. Hier bevindt zich het nationaal park van Pirin, met ruim 27.500 ha het grootste natuurpark van het land. Het park is werelderfgoed, onder toezicht van de UNESCO. De hoogte varieert hier van ongeveer 1.000 m tot 2.920 m. De hoogste top heet Vihren. In het door vulkanisme onstaan Piringebergte bevinden zich een 200-tal ronde bergmeertjes. Op de oostelijke hellingen zijn er grotten, soms honderden meters diep. Op de oosthelling van het Piringebergte, op 800 m hoogte, ligt het dorp Dobrinishte. Met 4.000 inwoners telt dit dorp best wel veel inwoners in de anders dun bevolkte streek. Het is een levendig dorp waar de tijd precies heeft stilgestaan. De mensen zitten ’s avonds veel buiten, voor een praatje met de buren zoals het vroeger ook bij ons in Vlaanderen het geval was. De dichtstbijzijnde bergtop is Besbok, op 2.840 m hoogte. Besbok betekent ‘Zonder God’, gebaseerd op een legende. In het dunbevolkte gebied leven veel islamieten. Hun dorpjes met minaretten stralen een oosterse sfeer uit. Ook de vrouwen die hun akkertjes bewerken in traditionele pofbroeken zijn hier nog een dagelijkse verschijning. De omgeving van de Arda rivier (een zijrivier van de Marica) en het stuwmeer van Studen Gladenec in het oosten van Bulgarije in de omgeving van Madjarovo is de beste regio in Bulgarije voor broedende roofvogels als arenden en gieren en andere bijzondere broedvogels als Zwarte ooievaar, Alpengierzwaluw, Rotsklever, Blauwe rotslijster en Grijze gors. Op de oevers van de Arda bevinden zich ooibossen, zandstrandjes en een weelderige oeverbegroeiing. De hellingen zijn hier bezaaid met Christusdoorn. In sommige streken heb je de indruk dat de tijd is blijven stilstaan. Momenteel is de landbouw in dit deel van Bulgarije en dan vooral in de wat afgelegen bergachtige streken nog grotendeels kleinschalig: amper gemechaniseerd, het ploegen gebeurd met paarden, hakken wordt met de hand gedaan en de karren worden voortgetrokken met paarden, ezels of ossen. Dit kleinschalig landbouwsysteem geeft natuurlijk nog veel ruimte voor een rijke flora en fauna. 4 DAGBESCHRIJVINGEN Woensdag 06/06/’07 Sofia Pernik Dupnica Blagoevgrad Simitli Bansko Dobrinishte (via E79/1) De groep van ‘Bukstje’ wordt warm onthaald op de luchthaven van Sofia door Nikolaj Kalinkova, de schoonvader van Anna, onze gids tijdens onze trip. Sofia van 14u tot 15u45 (regen, 17,5°C) Vogels: Huismus, Boerenzwaluw, Kauw, Zwarte kraai, Torenvalk, Stadsduif, Ekster, Alpengierzwaluw, Spreeuw Dupnica van 16u15 tot 16u35 (21°C) Vogels: Ekster, Turkse tortel, Putter (2), Huismus, Spreeuw, Huiszwaluw, Boerenzwaluw, Veldleeuwerik Dagvlinders: Groot koolwitje Planten: Digitalis lanata Dzerman om 16u40 Vogels: Kuifleeuwerik Tussen Usojka en Musalevo rond 16u45 Vogels: Ooievaar, Spreeuw (2), Boerenzwaluw, Kuifleeuwerik, Buizerd, Putter Kocerinovo om 16u55 Vogels: Bijeneter, Grauwe gors Planten: Spaanse brem Op weg naar Simitli Vogels: Torenvalk, Ooievaar 5 Donderdag 07/06/’07 Dobrinishte Wandeling te voet naar een klein klooster in de buurt van Dobrinishte met onze gids Anna. Dobrinishte en directe omgeving van 7u30 tot 18u30 Vogels: Huiszwaluw, Zwarte roodstaart, Huismus, Witte kwikstaart, Putter, Vink, Koolmees, Europese kanarie, Grote gele kwikstaart, Waterspreeuw, Syrische bonte specht, Groenling, Roodstuitzwaluw, Hop, Grauwe gors, Nachtegaal, Rotszwaluw (3), Geelgors, Wielewaal, Roodborst, Sperwer, Zwartkop, Cirlgors, Boomleeuwerik, Grijskopspecht, Buizerd, Tjiftjaf, Zomertortel, Braamsluiper, Notenkraker, Boompieper, Grote lijster, Zanglijster, Kuifmees, Zwarte mees, Raaf, Grauwe klauwier, Gaai, Koekoek, Merel, Grote bonte specht, Glanskop Dagvlinders: Groot geaderd witje, Kleine koolwitje, Icarusblauwtje, Hooibeestje, Morgenrood, Braamparelmoervlinder, Oranje luzernevlinder, Kleine parelmoervlinder, Groentje, Turks hooibeestje, Kleine vos, Distelvlinder, Atalanta, Heideblauwtje, Boswitje, Koningspage, Kleine vuurvlinder, Bruine vuurvlinder, Veldparelmoervlinder, Klaverblauwtje, Zwarte apollo, Zilvervlek, Voorjaarserebia, Tweekleurige parelmoervlinder, Bloemenblauwtje, Balkan bruin blauwtje, Bont dikkopje, Sleutelbloemvlinder, Wikkeblauwtje, Klaverblauwtje, Bont zandoogje, Bruin dikkopje, Oostelijk tijmblauwtje, Oranjetipje, Wedewitje, Pruimepage, Zwart blauwtje Turks hooibeestje Dagactieve nachtvlinders: Bruine daguil, Klaverspanner, Boterbloempje, Glasvleugelpijlstaart 6 Planten: Beemdkroon, Pijlkruidkers, Bonte wikke, Gewone ossentong, Gewone scheefbloem, Bosbies, Groot warkruid, Pijptorkruid, Kleine ratelaar, Pekbloem, Robinia pseudacacia , Hongaarse wikke, Polygala major , Driekleurig viooltje, Tijmbremraap, Beemdkroon, Korenbloem, Gele morgenster, Kuifhyacint, Brede orchis, Dianthus giganteum
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