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Zostera Marina) Field Survey, Impact Assessment, and Conceptual Eelgrass Mitigation Plan for the U.S

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Zostera Marina) Field Survey, Impact Assessment, and Conceptual Eelgrass Mitigation Plan for the U.S EELGRASS (ZOSTERA MARINA) FIELD SURVEY, IMPACT ASSESSMENT, AND CONCEPTUAL EELGRASS MITIGATION PLAN FOR THE U.S. COAST GUARD BASE FACILITIES REFURBISHMENT AND COUNTY OF ORANGE HARBOR PATROL GUEST DOCK PROJECT Prepared for: County of Orange Resources & Development Management Department Contact: Mansour Katany 300 North Flower Street, Santa Ana, CA 92702 Prepared by: Coastal Resources Management, Inc. PMB 327, 3334 E. Coast Highway Corona del Mar, CA 92625 Contact: Rick Ware, Senior Marine Biologist/Principal (949) 412-9446 June 6th, 2007 County of Orange Harbor Patrol Facilities Coastal Resources Management, Inc. Bulkhead Repair and Dock Renovation Project TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page 1.0 INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Project Background and Purpose ...................................................................................... 1 1.2 Project Description............................................................................................................. 1 1.3 Importance of Eelgrass....................................................................................................... 1 2.0 SURVEY METHODS................................................................................................................ 5 3.0 RESULTS .................................................................................................................................... 5 3.1 Physical Characteristics of the Project Area..................................................................... 5 3.2 Eelgrass Areal Cover ......................................................................................................... 6 3.3 Eelgrass Turion Density..................................................................................................... 6 3.4 Caulerpa taxifolia .............................................................................................................. 8 3.5 Other Organisms .....................................................................................................................8 4.0 IMPACT ASSESSMENT......................................................................................................... 8 4.1 Proposed Construction Methods ....................................................................................... 8 4.2 Impacts on Water Quality and Eelgrass Bed Resources ................................................ 9 5.0 MITIGATION MEASURES.................................................................................................... 12 5.1 Water Quality ................................................................................................................... 12 5.2 Eelgrass Protection Plan................................................................................................. 12 5.3 Mitigation for Potential Eelgrass Habitat Losses ........................................................... 12 6.0 LITERATURE CITED.............................................................................................................. 18 LIST OF TABLES 1 Potential Impacts to Eelgrass and Mitigation Requirements ............................................................ 11 LIST OF FIGURES 1 Project Location in Newport Bay .........................................................................................................2 2 Local Project Setting..............................................................................................................................3 3 Eelgrass, Zostera marina ...............................................................................................................4 4 Eelgrass Habitat Map, February/March 2007 Survey .........................................................................7 5 Harbor Patrol Facility Eelgrass Impact Zones .................................................................................. 10 6 Eelgrass Mitigation Sites.................................................................................................................... 14 APPENDICES Appendix 1. Project Engineering Drawings i County of Orange Harbor Patrol Facilities Coastal Resources Management, Inc. Bulkhead Repair and Dock Renovation Project 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Coastal Resources Management, Inc. (CRM) conducted an eelgrass (Zostera marina) habitat survey on February 1, 2007 at the U.S. Coast Guard Station, located at 1911 Bayside Dr, Corona del Mar, CA. This facility is adjacent to the County of Orange Harbor Patrol Head quarters in Newport Harbor. The purpose of the investigation was to determine the potential environmental effects on eelgrass resulting from the renovation of a bulkhead and guest dock located in front of the U.S. Coast Guard facilities. The project location is shown in Figure 1. An aerial view of the existing dock system is shown in Figure 2. The area occupied by the Coast Guard was originally part of a County waterfront development project that was constructed in 1952. Approximately 642 feet of steel sheet pile bulkhead and marine ways were constructed as part of the County’s original harbor facilities improvements. In 1998, the northern 400 feet of bulkhead was replaced with a new steel bulkhead when the Harbor Patrol Headquarters building and grounds were redeveloped. The proposed project will upgrade the dock system and the remaining 174 feet of bulkhead on the southern section of the site that was not upgraded during the 1998 project. 1.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION The project site is located at the southeastern portion of Newport Bay near the Newport Harbor Entrance Channel. The site coordinates are 33o 36.143’ N /117o 53.003’ W. The project will include the following elements: • Construction of a new 174 foot section of tied back bulkhead; • Renovation of the Guest Docks and guide piles • Dredging of approximately 4,000 cubic yards underneath the proposed dock system; and • Construction of a new storm drain infrastructure and replacement of pavement to support the service load requirements of the facilities. See Appendix 1 that provides preliminary project drawings, provided by Noble Consultants. 1 County of Orange Harbor Patrol Facilities Coastal Resources Management, Inc. Bulkhead Repair and Dock Renovation Project 2 County of Orange Harbor Patrol Facilities Coastal Resources Management, Inc. Bulkhead Repair and Dock Renovation Project 3 County of Orange Harbor Patrol Facilities Coastal Resources Management, Inc. Bulkhead Repair and Dock Renovation Project 1.3 IMPORTANCE OF EELGRASS Eelgrass (Photograph 1) is a marine flowering plant that grows in soft sediments in coastal bays and estuaries, and occasionally offshore to depths of 50 ft. Eelgrass canopy (consisting Photograph 1. Eelgrass, Zostera marina of shoots and leaves approximately two to three feet long) attracts many marine invertebrates and fishes and the added vegetation and the vertical relief it provides enhances the abundance and the diversity of the marine life compared to areas where the sediments are barren. The vegetation also serves a nursery function for many juvenile fishes, including species of commercial and/or sports fish value (California halibut and barred sand bass). A diverse community of bottom-dwelling invertebrates (i.e., clams, crabs, and worms) live within the soft sediments that cover the root and rhizome mass system. Eelgrass meadows are critical foraging centers for seabirds (such as the endangered California least tern) that seek out baitfish (i.e., juvenile topsmelt) attracted to the eelgrass cover. Lastly, eelgrass is an important contributor to the detrital (decaying organic) food web of bays as the decaying plant material is consumed by many benthic invertebrates (such as polychaete worms) and reduced to primary nutrients by bacteria. Because of the high ecological value of eelgrass meadows, it is important to document the location and amount of eelgrass in areas of proposed waterside developments and to mitigate any losses by avoiding or reducing, or compensating for any adverse effects on eelgrass habitats and communities. Eelgrass is present in Newport Bay in many regions between the harbor entrance channel and Upper Newport Bay (Coastal Resources Management, Inc. 2005). The healthiest 4 County of Orange Harbor Patrol Facilities Coastal Resources Management, Inc. Bulkhead Repair and Dock Renovation Project eelgrass beds are located between the harbor entrance channel and Balboa Island. Mapping projects conducted for the City of Newport between 2003 and 2004 indicated the presence of a large eelgrass meadow seaward of the Harbor Patrol and Coast Guard facilities, as well as smaller eelgrass beds and patches within the dock slips and between the headwalk of the docks and the bulkhead (CRM 2005). 2.0 SURVEY METHODS An eelgrass habitat survey was conducted by CRM biologists Mr. Rick Ware, Ms. Laurie- Allen Requa, and Mr. Tom Gerlinger on 1 February, 13 February, March 20th, and March 30th, 2007. The survey was conducted using Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) GPS (Global Positioning System) technology and a Thales Mobile Mapper GPS/GIS Unit to map eelgrass areas. First, eelgrass habitat was located during an underwater reconnaissance of the area. Once the limits of eelgrass were established, a biologist in a kayak equipped with the GPS followed a SCUBA-diving biologist who towed a surface buoy to mark the perimeter of the eelgrass vegetation. To assist in the mapping
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