DOCSLIB.ORG

Pb Isotope Geochemistry of the Late Miocene–Pliocene Volcanic Rocks

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Pb Isotope Geochemistry of the Late Miocene–Pliocene Volcanic Rocks J. Earth Syst. Sci. (2019) 128:167 c Indian Academy of Sciences https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-019-1185-7 Pb isotope geochemistry of the late Miocene–Pliocene volcanic rocks from Todeshk, the central part of the Urumieh–Dokhtar magmatic arc, Iran: Evidence of an enriched mantle source Mahnaz Khodami Department of Geology, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran. e-mail: Khodami [email protected] MS received 12 July 2018; revised 8 February 2019; accepted 19 March 2019; published online 17 June 2019 The late Miocene–Pliocene volcanic rocks from Todeshk, south-east of Isfahan, are located in the middle of the Urumieh–Dokhtar magmatic belt. The belt is considered the subduction-related magmatic arc. The late Miocene–Pliocene calc-alkaline volcanic rocks are mainly andesite and dacite. The rocks have been formed during the post-collisional stage of the Zagros orogen. Geochemical data show the enrichment of light rare-earth elements and large ion lithophile elements such as Cs, Rb, K, Pb, Ba and Th as well as the depletion of elements with high field strength such as Nb, Ta and Ti. The Pb–Sr–Nd isotopic ratios of the studied rocks are characterised by 206Pb/204Pb = 18.41–18.72; 207Pb/204Pb = 15.64– 15.67; 208Pb/204Pb = 38.49–38.83; 207Pb/206Pb = 0.8372–0.8496; 208Pb/206Pb = 2.0743–2.0905; 87Sr/86Sr = 0.7051–0.7068 and 143Nd/144Nd = 0.5125. The rocks have Δ7/4Pb = 15.44–15.82 and Δ8/4Pb = 57.26–60.44. Based on petrological studies and the whole rock Pb, Sr and Nd isotopes data, the late Miocene–Pliocene calc-alkaline volcanic rocks have been generated from the partial melting of the subduction-related metasomatised mantle. Additionally, the slab-derived melts and fluids were recycled into the mantle source. The data demonstrate that terrigenous sediments accompanied by a subducted slab play an important role in the formation of the enriched mantle as the source of volcanic rocks. Keywords. Pb isotopes geochemistry; calc-alkaline; enriched mantle; Urumieh–Dokhtar magmatic arc; Zagros orogen; Iran. 1. Introduction opening and closure of the Neo-Tethys Ocean (Alavi 1980, 2004; Omrani et al. 2008; Davoudian The late Miocene–Pliocene volcanic rocks in et al. 2016). The Zagros orogen is a part of the Todeshk are significant constituents in the stud- Alpine–Himalayan orogenic belt and consists of ied area. The volcanic rocks are situated in the parallel tectonic subdivisions from the south-west middle of the Urumieh–Dokhtar magmatic arc to the north-east: (i) The Zagros simply folded (UDMA), about 120 km south-east of Isfahan belt and the main Zagros thrust, which is sug- (figure 1a). The UDMA is a large magmatic belt gested to be the suture zone between Gondwana in the Zagros orogen, which is the result of the and Eurasia; (ii) the Sanandaj–Sirjan zone which 1 0123456789().,--: vol V 167 Page 2 of 11 J. Earth Syst. Sci. (2019) 128:167 Figure 1. (a) Position of the studied area in the structural units of Iran (Mohajjel et al. 2003) and (b) the geological map of the studied area (simplified from the geological map of 1:250,000 Nain, Nabavi and Amidi 1978). Figure 2. Representative photomicrographs for dacites (a) consisting of plagioclase phenocrysts and microphenocrysts of amphibole, biotite, quartz and (b) quartz and plagioclase in felsitic groundmass (CPL, field of view 4 mm), representative photomicrographs of andesites, (c) comprising plagioclase, pyroxene and amphibole with a glomeroporphyritic texture and (d) comprising plagioclase and pyroxene with a porphyritic texture (CPL, field of view 4 mm). Bi = biotite, Amp = amphibole, Px = pyroxene, Pl = plagioclase, and Qz = quartz. J. Earth Syst. Sci. (2019) 128:167 Page 3 of 11 167 Table 1. Whole-rock isotopic data of volcanic rocks. AR2 DH7 OG4 RS2 TO4 Sample Andesite Dacite Dacite Dacite Andesite 207 206 Pb/ Pb 0.849556 0.844521 0.84897 0.837225 0.846509 2σ 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 0.00001 208 206 Pb/ Pb 2.090523 2.084596 2.089768 2.074348 2.0850746 2σ 0.00003 0.00004 0.00003 0.00003 0.00003 207 204 Pb/ Pb 15.64101 15.65614 15.64264 15.67378 15.65264 2σ 0.00087 0.00077 0.00077 0.00079 0.00063 208 204 Pb/ Pb 38.48755 38.64418 38.50355 38.83326 38.56566 2σ 0.00222 0.00204 0.00190 0.00202 0.00142 206 204 Pb/ Pb 18.410571 18.53825 18.42523 18.72091 18.49061 2σ 0.00096 0.00075 0.00081 0.00081 0.00061 87 86 Sr/ Sr 0.705096 0.705925 0.706396 0.706096 0.706792 2σ 0.000031 0.000022 0.000021 0.000017 0.000082 143 144 Nd/ Nd nd 0.512525 nd 0.512552 nd 2σ 0.00002 0.00001 Δ7/4Pb* 15.5210 15.6591 15.5331 15.4432 15.8255 Δ8/4Pb** 60.2178 60.444 60.0344 57.2675 58.3519 207 204 206 204 *Δ7/4Pb = 100 9 [( Pb/ Pb) − 0.1084 9 ( Pb/ Pb) − 13.491] (Hart 1984). nd: not detected. 208 204 206 204 ** Δ8/4Pb = 100 9 [( Pb/ Pb) − 1.209 9 ( Pb/ Pb) − 15.627]. is the internal part of the Zagros orogen consisting of metamorphic complexes and igneous plutons (St¨ocklin 1968; Davoudian et al. 2016) and (iii) the UDMA, which is a subduction-related mag- matic arc along the active margin of the Iranian plate (Berberian and Berberian 1981; Alavi 1994, 2004; Omrani et al. 2008). Magmatic activity in the UDMA created a wide belt of mostly Ceno- zoic volcanic and plutonic rocks. The UDMA is located between the Sanandaj–Sirjan zone and the Central Iran structural zone (figure 1a) (Berbe- rian and Berberian 1981; Mohajjel et al. 2003). The maximum magmatic activity in the UMDA occurred in the Eocene period, but after a period of inactivity, has continued during the upper Miocene to the Plio-Quaternary (Omrani et al. 2008). However, the studies indicate that a colli- sion occurred in the Oligocene–late Miocene, and Figure 3. Classification of the volcanic rocks in the TAS dia- although the active subduction between the Ira- gram (Cox et al. 1979; data from Khodami et al. 2010). nian edge of Eurasia and the Arabian plate as a part of Gondwana had ended, the magmatic activ- sediments or releasing of fluids by the dehydration ity did not stop (Berberian and Berberian 1981; of the subducting oceanic slab (Tatsumi and Taka- Hassanzadeh 1993; Ghasemi and Talbot 2005; hashi 2006). Pb isotope data can demonstrate the Omrani et al. 2008). The late Miocene to the Plio- origin and proportion of involvement of mantle, Quaternary volcanism in the UDMA belongs to the slab, sediments or continental crust in the gener- post-collision magmatic activity which is probably ation of parental magma. 204Pb is non-radiogenic, the result of a break off the Neo-Tethys slab while 208Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb and 206Pb/204Pb (Omrani et al. 2008). Magmatism in a subduction- increase during U and Th decays (Faure 1986). related setting originates from the partial melting The most important mantle sources are identified of the mantle wedge, lower crust, oceanic slab, slab by isotopic features as depleted mid-ocean ridge 167 Page 4 of 11 J. Earth Syst. Sci. (2019) 128:167 Figure 4. (a) Chondrite-normalised REE element patterns of volcanic rocks (chondrite-normalising values are from Nakamura (1974). (b) Primitive mantle-normalised patterns of volcanic rocks. Normalising values are from Sun and Mcdonough (1989) (data from Khodami et al. 2010). Figure 5. (a) La/Yb vs. Yb diagram, (b)Th/Lavs. Ce/Pb diagram, (c) Th/Yb vs. Ba/La diagram and (d) Ba/Th vs. La/Sm diagram of volcanic rocks (Wang et al. 2006; Arslan et al. 2013; Qian et al. 2016; data from Khodami et al. 2010). basalts (MORBs) or the depleted MORB mantle type II (EMII) (Faure 1986; Zindler and Hart (DMM), high mu, mu = 238U/204Pb (HIMU), 1986). The HIMU sources were generated when enriched mantle type I (EMI) and enriched mantle the subducted oceanic crust was dehydrated and J. Earth Syst. Sci. (2019) 128:167 Page 5 of 11 167 remained in the deep mantle for a long period. The the Eocene, including varieties of the volcanic and HIMU have high U/Pb, Th/Pb and Sr/Rb ratios the volcano-sedimentary rocks. Miocene reddish- and indicate the radiogenic evolution of 206Pb grey conglomerate and sandstone as Red forma- and 207Pb (Wilson 1989). The DMM reservoirs tion are the other lithological units (Nabavi and have a U-depleted composition. The EMI has a Amidi 1978). The andesitic lava flows across the geochemical composition similar to the lower crust Upper Red formation. The dacitic domes and or marine pelagic sediments as reported from car- lava domes intruded into the andesite and prob- bonatite metasomatism in the lithospheric mantle ably they belong to the latest volcanic activ- (White 2003; Lustrino and Anderson 2015). The ity in the area (figure 1b) (Nabavi and Amidi EMI sources have high Th/U and low U, Th/Pb 1978). Based on stratigraphy, the volcanic rocks ratios, negative anomalies of Hf, Zr and positive were emplaced during the late Miocene–Pliocene anomalies of Eu. EMI can be formed by recycling after the collision between the Iranian and Ara- the lower continental crust or subducted pelagic bian platforms. One available K–Ar age dating sediments (White 2003; Lustrino and Anderson for a dacitic dome has exhibited 14.1 ± 0.8Ma 2015; Yamgouot et al. 2016). The EMII mantle (Ghorbani et al.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Effect of Transdiagnostic Treatment on Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
    July 2016, Volume 4, Number 3 The Effect of Transdiagnostic Treatment on Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder CrossMark Alireza Mohseni-Ezhiyeh1*, Mokhtar Malekpour1, Amir Ghamarani1 1. Department of Psychology and Education of Children with Special Needs, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran. Citation: Mohseni-Ezhiyeh, A. R., Malekpour, M., & Ghamarani, A. (2016). The Effect of Transdiagnostic Treatment on Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Journal of Practice in Clinical Psychology, 4(3), 199-206. http://dx.crossref.org/10.15412/J.JPCP.06040308 : http://dx.crossref.org/10.15412/J.JPCP.06040308 Article info: A B S T R A C T Received: 26 Dec. 2015 Accepted: 02 Apr. 2016 Objective: The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of transdiagnostic treatments on worry and rumination of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods: The study population included all mothers of children with ASD in Isfahan City. Among mothers of children with ASD, 40 individuals were selected from those who obtained the highest scores in worry and rumination (At least one SD higher than the mean scores of the group) and were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. To collect data, the Rumination Response Scale (RRS) and Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) were used. The data were analyzed through multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) using SPSS-21. Keywords: Results: The results indicated that the transdiagnostic treatment is effective on the rumination (F=26.91, df=1 and 36, P<0.001) and worry (F=10.86, df=1 and 36, P<0.002).
    [Show full text]
  • Analyzing Livability in the Distressed Areas of Isfahan City with an Emphasis on City Development Strategy
    To cite this document: Akbari, N., Moayedfar, R., & Mirzaie Khondabi, F. (2018). Analyzing Livability in the Distressed Areas of Isfahan City with an Emphasis on City Development Strategy. Urban Economics and Management, 6(1(21)), 37-54 www.iueam.ir Indexed in: ISC, EconLit, Econbiz, SID, RICeST, Magiran, Civilica, Google Scholar, Noormags, Ensani. ISSN: 2345-2870 Analyzing Livability in the Distressed Areas of Isfahan City with an Emphasis on City Development Strategy Nematollah Akbari Department of Economics, Faculty of Administrative Science and Economics, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran Rozita Moayedfar Department of Economics, Faculty of Administrative Science and Economics, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran Farzaneh Mirzaie Khondabi* Faculty of Administrative Science and Economics, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran Received: 2017/06/11 Accepted: 2017/09/09 Abstract: Adoption of inefficient policies in the field of distressed areas and low quality of livability, there is the need for new approaches in preparing and implementing renovation and improvement plans; so, city development strategy can be an appropriate plan to replace current plans. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the livability of distressed areas in Isfahan city as one of the elements of urban development strategy to use the approach in renovation and improvement. Moreover, its innovation is in addressing livability situation of independent distressed areas of the city to provide urban development strategy plan. The research method is descriptive-analytical and regarding the purpose, the study is applied. The data were collected using questionnaires. They were distributed and filled out in August and September of 2015. In this research, SPSS, EXCEL and Arc Gis software were used.
    [Show full text]
  • The Fleas (Siphonaptera) in Iran: Diversity, Host Range, and Medical Importance
    RESEARCH ARTICLE The Fleas (Siphonaptera) in Iran: Diversity, Host Range, and Medical Importance Naseh Maleki-Ravasan1, Samaneh Solhjouy-Fard2,3, Jean-Claude Beaucournu4, Anne Laudisoit5,6,7, Ehsan Mostafavi2,3* 1 Malaria and Vector Research Group, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran, 2 Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging infectious diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Akanlu, Kabudar Ahang, Hamadan, Iran, 3 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Pasteur institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran, 4 University of Rennes, France Faculty of Medicine, and Western Insitute of Parasitology, Rennes, France, 5 Evolutionary Biology group, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium, 6 School of Biological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom, 7 CIFOR, Jalan Cifor, Situ Gede, Sindang Barang, Bogor Bar., Jawa Barat, Indonesia * [email protected] a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 Abstract a1111111111 Background Flea-borne diseases have a wide distribution in the world. Studies on the identity, abun- dance, distribution and seasonality of the potential vectors of pathogenic agents (e.g. Yersi- OPEN ACCESS nia pestis, Francisella tularensis, and Rickettsia felis) are necessary tools for controlling Citation: Maleki-Ravasan N, Solhjouy-Fard S, and preventing such diseases outbreaks. The improvements of diagnostic tools are partly Beaucournu J-C, Laudisoit A, Mostafavi E (2017) The Fleas (Siphonaptera) in Iran: Diversity, Host responsible for an easier detection of otherwise unnoticed agents in the ectoparasitic fauna Range, and Medical Importance. PLoS Negl Trop and as such a good taxonomical knowledge of the potential vectors is crucial. The aims of Dis 11(1): e0005260. doi:10.1371/journal. this study were to make an exhaustive inventory of the literature on the fleas (Siphonaptera) pntd.0005260 and range of associated hosts in Iran, present their known distribution, and discuss their Editor: Pamela L.
    [Show full text]
  • Short Fieldwork Report. Human Remains from Kafarved-Varzaneh Survey
    Bioarchaeology of the Near East, 13:105–117 (2019) Short fieldwork report Human remains from Kafarved-Varzaneh survey, Iran, 2018-2019 Tabasom Ilkhan1, Babak Rafi’i-Alavi1, Ali Shojaee-Esfahani1, Arkadiusz Sołtysiak*2 1 Department of Archaeology, Art University of Isfahan, Sangtarashha St., Hakimnezami St., 8175894418, Isfahan, Iran 2 Department of Bioarchaeology, Institute of Archaeology, University of Warsaw, Krakowskie Przedmieście 26/28, 00-927 Warsaw, Poland email: [email protected] (corresponding author) e Zāyandeh-rūd River is the main water artery of the Iranian Central Plateau, en- abling human settlement and the development of various cultures in this arid region. Despite a long history of human occupation in the river basin, archaeological investi- gations have been limited in this region, with a small-scale archaeological excavation at Tappeh Kopande (Saedi-Anaraki 2009), survey in the eastern zone of Zāyandeh- rūd (Salehi Kakhki 2007) and another survey around the so-called “Shahre Saba” near Gāvkhūni wetland (Esmaeil Jelodar 2012). To fill the gap in knowledge about the prehistory of the Zāyandeh-rūd basin, the Institute of Archaeology at the Art University of Isfahan has set up an archaeological Figure 1. Location of the surveyed area near Kafarved. Drawing by Tabasom Ilkhan. 106 Short fieldwork reports Figure 2. Aerial photograph showing the locations of looting pits in a part of site 051. Photograph by Payam Entekhabi. project in the eastern zone of the basin, east of Isfahan near Varzaneh (Figure 1). e surveyed area is a plain, c. 15×15km, situated at the western fringe of the Central Desert between Varzaneh and Kafarved (Kafrood), c.
    [Show full text]
  • Trade Shows Worldwide
    Asia - Pacific Trade Shows in Iran 2017 - 2018 Exhibition Name Cycle City / Location Next Date IRAN COM unknown Mashhad 02.09 - 06.09 2016 International IT & Smart Cities Exhibition. IranCom is an > Mashad Fair Grounds International Exhibition dedicated to Computers, Internet, E- commerce, Office Machines, Information Technology, Telecommunications, and Smart Cites TABRIZ CARPET unknown Tabriz 13.09 - 20.09 2016 Handmade Carpet Exhibition in Iran > Permanent Ground For Tabriz International Exhibition Co. MEDIFAIR every 2 years Isfahan 26.10 - 29.10 2016 International Exhibition of Medical, Dental and Laboratory > Isfahan International Exhibition Equipment and Related Industries Fairground PARS DETERGENT every 2 years Mashhad 15.11 - 18.11 2016 Exhibition of detergents, cleansers, health products and > Mashad Fair Grounds machineryin Iran ISFAHAN TERMOTECH every 2 years Isfahan 21.11 - 25.11 2016 International Exhibition of Refrigerating, Heating and Air > Isfahan International Exhibition Conditioning Equipment and Installations Fairground PACK & PRINT unknown Tehran 30.11 - 02.12 2016 International Exhibition of Pack & Print Machinery > Tehran Permanent Fairground CARPEX once a year Isfahan 04.12 - 09.12 2016 Trade Exhibition for Persian Handmade Carpets > Isfahan International Exhibition Fairground IBEX once a year Tehran 06.12 - 09.12 2016 PRO version International Flour and Bakery Industry Exhibition > Tehran Permanent Fairground IPCC once a year Tehran 06.12 - 09.12 2016 Paint & Resin, Coatings & Composite International Exhibition
    [Show full text]
  • The Effectiveness of Problem-Solving Approach Consulting on Sexual Satisfaction of Married Women: a Single Case Method
    The effectiveness of problem-solving approach consulting on sexual satisfaction of married women: A single case method Behnaz Enjezab1, Mina Salehichampiri2*, Hassan Zareei Mahmoodabadi3, Mitra Molaeinezhad4 1 Research Center for Nursing and Midwifery Care, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. 2Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran.3Departments of Psychology, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran. 4Behavioral Sciences Research center Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Correspondence: Mina Salehichampiri, Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran, Email: [email protected]. ABSTRACT Background: Sexual satisfaction is the couple’s satisfaction with their sexual relationship. Anecdotal evidence showed that sexual satisfaction is an important factor in marital satisfaction and sexual dissatisfaction in many cases may aggravate marital disputes. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of consulting with the problem-solving approach on sexual satisfaction of married women. Materials and Methods: During a semi-experimental study and based on an AB-type single case study design with follow-up stage, four married women recruited using purposive sampling through a semi-structured interview. Participants were referred for Iranian women’s health survey or their children's growth monitoring in urban health centers, Shahin Shahr, Iran. Their sexual satisfaction was assessed using Married Women’s Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaireat baseline, from the third to the eight sessions, post completion of intervention, and after four weeks sat follow-up session. The intervention included eight weekly sessions based on a problems-solving approach that assisted by the second author. Data were analyzed using visual analysis.
    [Show full text]
  • Application of Fuzzy Logistic Regression in Modeling the Severity of Autism Spectrum Disorder
    Jorjani Biomedicine Journal. 2019; 7(2): P 49-60. DOI: 10.29252/jorjanibiomedj.7.2.49 Application of fuzzy logistic regression in modeling the severity of autism spectrum disorder Ali Behnampour1, Enayatolah Bakhshi2, Akbar Biglarian3* 1. Department of Biostatistics, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2. Department of Biostatistics, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 3 Department of Biostatistics, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Abstract Article Type: Background and objectives: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a childhood Original Article neurodevelopmental disorder and according to DSM-5 classification, its severity includes three levels: requiring support, requiring substantial support, and Article History: requiring very substantial support. This classification is unclear from a possible Received: 7 Feb 2019 perspective and from a fuzzy point of view; it has a degree of uncertainty. The Revised: 10 Apr 2019 Accepted: 30 Sep 2019 purpose of this study is to predict the severity of autism disorder by fuzzy logistic regression. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 22 children with ASD which referred to *Correspondence: the rehabilitation centers of Gorgan in 2017 were used as a research sample. Therapist's viewpoint about the severity of the disorder that is measured by Akbar Biglarian, linguistic terms (low, moderate, high) was considered as fuzzy output variable. Department of In addition, to determine the prediction model for the severity of autism, a fuzzy Biostatistics, Social logistic regression model was used. In this sense parameters were estimated by Determinants of least square estimations (LSE) and least absolute deviations (LAD) methods and Health Research then the two methods were compared using goodness-of-fit index.
    [Show full text]
  • No Nation Is of Her Political Identity So Let's
    Persian Plateau 15 Days NO NATION IS OF HER POLITICAL IDENTITY SO LET’S TRAVEL TO SEE, EXPLORE AND BELIEVE Day 1: Tehran Arrival Tehran meet and greet by the guide transfer to hotel; Overnight Tehran Day 2: Kashan Morning drive from Tehran to Kashan. Upon arrival we do the city tour including Tabatabaei House, Broujerdi House, Soltan Ahmad Bath, and Fin garden (UNESCO) Overnight Kashan Day 3: Kashan- Naein- Yazd Morning drive to Yazd en-route Naein to visit man-made caves for Aba weaving (Aba is a special cloth for clergies. Overnight Yazd Day 4: Yazd Yazd city tour including the Towers of silence, fire temple, Dolat Abad garden (UNESCO), Amirchakhmaq Tekye, Sweet shop, Jame Mosque, Old quarter of the town (UNESCO), Alexander prison to see the textile workshops there; Overnight Yazd Day 5: Yazd- Kerman Morning drive from Yazd to Kerman en-route Zeinoddin Caravanserai. Upon arrival in Kerman we do the city tour including Ganjalikhan complex, Bazaar & Bath. Overnight Kerman Day 6: Kerman- Rayen- Mahan Morning excursion to Rayen citadel which is a Sassanian castle dating back to 3rd century A.D later we drive to Mahan to visit The Prince Garden (UNESCO), Shah Nematollah Vali Tomb; Overnight Kerman Day 7: Kerman- Niriz- Shiraz Full day drive: Morning drive to Shiraz through mountains, desert and salt lake.Late afternoon arrival in Shiraz; Overnight Shiraz Day 8: Shiraz Shiraz is the city of love, poetry and beauties and the tour in this romantic city includes: Eram garden, Nasir ol Molk mosque, Hafez & Saadi tomb, Karimkhan citadel, and Vakil Bazaar later to get relaxed to drink a cup of tea in the bazaar; Overnight Shiraz Day 9: Shiraz Excursion to one of the most important ancient cities in the world that is called “Persepolis” (UNESCO) and later after lunch Necropolis (Naqshe Rostam) (UNESCO).
    [Show full text]
  • The Analysis of Changes in Urban Hierarchy of Isfahan Province in the Fifty-Year Period (1956-2006)
    International Journal of Social Science & Human Behavior Study– IJSSHBS Volume 3 : Issue 1 [ISSN 2374-1627] Publication Date: 18 April, 2016 The analysis of changes in urban hierarchy of Isfahan province in the fifty-year period (1956-2006) Hamidreza Joudaki, 1 Department of Geography and Urban planning, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr branch,Tehran, Iran Abstract alive under the influence of inner development and The appearance of city and urbanism is one of the traditional relationship between city and village. Then, important processes which have affected social because of changing and continuing in inner regional communities .Being industrialized urbanism developed development and outer one which starts by promoting of along with each other in the history.In addition, they have changes in urbanism, and urbanization in the period of had simple relationship for more than six thousand years, Gajar government ( Beykmohammadi . et al , 2009 p:190). that is , from the appearance of the first cities . In 18th Research method century by coming out of industrial capitalism, progressive It is applied –developed research. The method which is development took place in urbanism in the world. used here is quantitative- analytical. The statistical In Iran, the city of each region made its decision by itself community is cites of Isfahan Province. Here, we are going and the capital of region (downtown) was the only central to survey the urban hierarchy and also urban network of part and also the regional city without any hierarchy, Isfahan during the fifty – year period.( 1956-2006). controlled its realm. However, this method of ruling during The data has been gathered from the Iran Statistical Site these three decays, because of changing in political, social and also libraries, and statistical centers.
    [Show full text]
  • Genus Berosus Leach, 1817 in Southern Iran © 2016 JEZS Received: 15-09-2016 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) Accepted: 16-10-2016
    Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2016; 4(6): 784-787 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 JEZS 2016; 4(6): 784-787 Genus Berosus Leach, 1817 in southern Iran © 2016 JEZS Received: 15-09-2016 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) Accepted: 16-10-2016 Zeinab Shamsoddini Zeinab Shamsoddini, Saber Sadeghi and Shidokht O Hosseinie Biology Department, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Abstract Saber Sadeghi A faunistic study on the Berosus species in five southern provinces of Iran is presented. A total of 2415 Biology Department, Shiraz specimens of Berosus species were collected in Bushehr, Fars, Kerman, Hormozgan and Kohgiluyeh - University, Shiraz, Iran and- Boyer-Ahmad provinces from 1970 to 2003 and during 2012. The species represent including Berosus asiaticus, Berosus bispina, Berosus chinensis, Berosus spinosus, Berosus insolitus, Berosus Shidokht O Hosseinie nigriceps and Berosus pulchellus. A comparison between recent samplings and old ones showed a drastic Biology Department, Shiraz reduction in number of specimens, habitats and species diversity which could be due to rapid urban University, Shiraz, Iran developments, habitat/ water pollution and drought. Some species such as Berosus chinensis, Berosus insolitus and Berosus nigriceps was not found again in recent collecting attempts because of destruction of natural habitats. Keywords: Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Berosus, fauna, Iran 1. Introduction The genus Berosus Leach, 1817, one of the five genera comprising the tribe Berosini, is the largest genus of Hydrophiloidea, with 273 species, and is distributed worldwide [1]. All known [2] species are aquatic as adults and larvae and generally good swimmers . Berosus species live in all parts of aquatic habitats, stagnant, fresh or mainly eutrophic waters, shallow pools or ponds, with grassy and somewhat clayey bottom, poorly vegetated and temporary ponds with muddy bottom [3].
    [Show full text]
  • In a Time of Maximum Tension Between Iran and the United States, an American Family Embarks on the Journey of a Lifetime in Search of a Lost Friend
    In a time of maximum tension between Iran and the United States, an American family embarks on the journey of a lifetime in search of a lost friend. 6.125 × 9.25 SPINE: 1.1563 FLAPS: 3.75 U.S. $26.99 Can. $35.99 TERENCE WARD A JOURNEY TO THE HEART OF IRAN WITH A BRAND-NEW PREFACE AND AFTERWORD AND A REVISED EPILOGUE, THIS UPDATED EDITION DEMONSTRATES THAT SEARCHING FOR HASSAN IS AS RELEVANT AND TIMELY AS EVER “ASTONISHING AND DEEPLY POIGNANT!” —THE WASHINGTON POST IN SHAPING CONVERSATIONS AND WAYS OF THINKING ABOUT DIFFERENT CULTURES “THIS IS A LOVELY BOOK—PART MEMOIR, PART FAMILY ODYSSEY, BOTH IN THE UNITED STATES BUT, MOST IMPORTANT, A WISE AND LYRICAL APPRECIATION OF ONE OF AND AROUND THE WORLD. THE WORLD’S GREAT CULTURES. TERENCE WARD KNOWS IRAN AND LOVES IT IN A WAY THAT TRANSCENDS THE POLITICS OF THE MOMENT.” —JOE KLEIN, CONTRIBUTING EDITOR, THE NEW YORKER rowing up in Tehran in the 1960s, Terence Ward and his brothers were watched over by Hassan, T W is a Colorado-born writer, docu- G “WARD’S SYMPATHETIC AND “A WONDERFULLY the family’s cook, housekeeper, and cultural guide. mentarist, and cross-cultural consultant who grew HUMANE PORTRAYALS OF TACTILE, RICH BOOK . After an absence of thirty years and much turmoil up in Saudi Arabia and Iran. After graduating from EVERYDAY IRANIANS CAN WRITTEN FROM THE RIGHT HELP US TRANSCEND PLACE (THE HEART), in Iran, Ward embarks on a quixotic pilgrimage with UC Berkeley, he worked for a decade with Middle TODAY S POLICY PAPERS AND WITH THE RIGHT ’ his family in search of their lost friend.
    [Show full text]
  • Semantic Reconstruction of the Water Crisis in the East of Isfahan Based on Grounded Theory
    Archive of SID Journal of Applied Sociology 30th Year, Vol. 73, No. 1, Spring 2019 pp. 23-26 Received: 31.01.2018 Accepted: 27.10.2018 Semantic Reconstruction of the Water Crisis in the East of Isfahan Based on Grounded Theory Abbas Hatami Associate Professor, Political Sciences, University of Isfahan, Iran Sousan Nourbakhsh MA. Student Political Sciences, University of Isfahan, Iran * Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] Introduction In recent years, the data and objective conditions indicate Iran's entry into a new era of environmental crises, especially in the water. According to United Nations indicators, Iran currently has a severe water crisis, because about 69% of the total annual renewable water used in the country .Also, according to statement political officials, if the water crisis Continuity, about 50 million people will be forced to migrate in Iran in the next 25 years, and the east and south of the country will be actually empty. Meanwhile, the eastern part of Isfahan is one of the areas that, despite the seriousness of the water crisis in it, has been less an issue of independent research. This research gap is that firstly, dehydration has led to unrest in the region at least in two periods, 2012 and 2017 respectively. Secondly, the three cities studied in this research, namely, Ziar, Ezhieh and Varzaneh are very important cities in the east of Isfahan. Thirdly, these three cities are Zayande rood legal and historic lords due to their occupation. Accordingly, the research seeks to understand the meaning of Ziar, Ezhieh and Varzaneh farmers on the water crisis with the Emic approach and using the method of Anselm Strauss and Juliet Corbin's theoretical approach, namely Grounded Theory.
    [Show full text]