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Methods for Improving Early Detection of Exotic Wood Boring Beetles (Note: Several Slides of Unpublished Data Have Been Deleted from This Presentation)

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Methods for improving early detection of exotic wood boring beetles (note: several slides of unpublished data have been deleted from this presentation) Jon Sweeney1, Peter Silk1, Peter Mayo1, Krista Ryall2, Chris MacQuarrie2, Dan Miller3, Cory Hughes1, Kate Van Rooyen1, Jerzy M. Gutowski4, Qingfan Meng5, Yan Li5, Joe Francese6, Davide Rassati7, Troy Kimoto8, & Jeremy Allison2 1Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Fredericton, New Brunswick 2Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario 3Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Athens, GA 4Forest Research Institute, Białowieża, Poland Makarov photo 5Forestry College of Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin Province, The P.R. China 6USDA APHIS PPQ, Otis Laboratory, Buzzards Bay, MA 7University of Padua-DAFNAE, Padua, Italy 8Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Vancouver, BC LIFE-ARTIMIS, Ljubljana, Slovenia 24-28 September 2019 Getting high, living on the edge and being colourful improves detection of wood boring beetles in surveillance traps Jon Sweeney1, Peter Silk1, Peter Mayo1, Krista Ryall2, Dan Miller3, Cory Hughes1, Kate Van Rooyen1, Jerzy M. Gutowski4, Qingfan Meng5, Yan Li5, Joe Francese6, Davide Rassati7, Troy Kimoto8, & Jeremy Allison2 1Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Fredericton, New Brunswick 2Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario 3Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Athens, GA 4Forest Research Institute, Białowieża, Poland Makarov photo 5Forestry College of Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin Province, The P.R. China 6USDA APHIS PPQ, Otis Laboratory, Buzzards Bay, MA 7University of Padua-DAFNAE, Padua, Italy 8Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Vancouver, BC LIFE-ARTIMIS, Ljubljana, Slovenia 24-28 September 2019 Our goal: Improve the efficacy of trapping surveys for early detection of exotic, potentially invasive wood borers By: Ole Martin LIFE-ARTIMIS, Ljubljana, Slovenia 24-28 September 2019 Summary and take home message: Efficacy of detecting exotic wood boring beetles is increased by diversifying trapping methods: 1. Place traps in both the canopy and understory 2. Place some traps along the edge of stands as well as in the stand interior 3. Use more than one color of trap, e.g., green and black, or green and purple *Bait traps with pheromone-enhanced “multi-lures” LIFE-ARTIMIS, Ljubljana, Slovenia 24-28 September 2019 Preventing the movement of infested wood packaging by phytosanitary treatment e.g., ISPM 15, is the best option. LIFE-ARTIMIS, Ljubljana, Slovenia 24-28 September 2019 Next best option: Early detection The earlier an invasive species is detected, the more feasible and cheaper it is to eradicate, contain and manage. LIFE-ARTIMIS, Ljubljana, Slovenia 24-28 September 2019 How can we better detect the unknown? • By targeting surveys at sites of high risk of exotic wood borer arrivals (e.g., urban forests near ports & industrial parks) • By using methods that detect the greatest proportion of species in target taxa, e.g, Cerambycidae, Buprestidae, Scolytinae, present at survey sites. LIFE-ARTIMIS, Ljubljana, Slovenia 24-28 September 2019 Many factors affect the detection of bark- and wood boring beetles in survey traps • Abundance and activity of species present at the site • Trap placement (e.g., canopy vs understory, edge vs stand interior) • Type of lure or lure combination used • Type of trap (trap design, trap size) • Trap coating – Fluon, teflon • Trap color • Trap density (spacing, number of traps per site) • Tree species in which the trap is placed LIFE-ARTIMIS, Ljubljana, Slovenia 24-28 September 2019 Aggregation/sex pheromones have been discovered in > 100 species of longhorn beetles (Hanks & Millar 2016) Cerambycinae ♂ Spondylidinae/Lamiinae ♂ • 6, 8, and 10 carbon hydroxyketones homoterpenoid alcohols/acetates K. Bolte • 6 & 8 carbon 2,3-alkanediols • Fuscumol • 2-methylbutanol J. Lucier • Fuscumol acetate • (E)-2,3 & 3,2-hydroxyoct-4-en-ones hydroxyethers • (Z)-3-decenyl-(E)-2-hexanoate • Monochamol • 1-(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)-1,2-propanedione • 4-(heptyloxy)butan-1-ol • 10-methyldodecanal • 4-(heptyloxy)butanal J. Sweeney M. Hoskovec • (6E, 8Z)-6,8-pentadecadienal L. Bergen Lepturinae ♀ Prioninae ♀ • (R)-Desmolactone [(4R,9Z)-hexadec-9-en-4-olide • 3,5-dimethyldodecanoic (Prionic) acid • cis-vaccenyl acetate • 2,3-Hexane diols E. Dunbar A. McKorney LIFE-ARTIMIS, Ljubljana, Slovenia 24-28 September 2019 Trap placement • Edge effects • Trap height LIFE-ARTIMIS, Ljubljana, Slovenia 24-28 September 2019 Trapping surveys for early detection of exotic wood borers & bark beetles in North America have mainly used black Lindgren funnel traps suspended about 1.5 m above the ground LIFE-ARTIMIS, Ljubljana, Slovenia 24-28 September 2019 Trap placement • Species composition differs between the tree canopy and understory (e.g., Graham et al. 2012; Dodds 2013; McGuire et al. 2014; Ulyshen and Sheehan 2017) • And between forest edges and the forest interior (e.g., Wermelinger et al. 2007, Dodds 2011) So placing traps in both the tree canopy and understory, and along the edge as well in the interior should increase the total number of species detected. LIFE-ARTIMIS, Ljubljana, Slovenia 24-28 September 2019 Monochamus carolinensis catches are much greater in canopy traps than understory traps. Note: M. carolinensis was unrecorded in New Brunswick prior to baited traps with the pheromone “monochamol” LIFE-ARTIMIS, Ljubljana, Slovenia 24-28 September 2019 Canopy vs understory traps – Southeastern USA, black funnels Family Canopy Understory No preference Cerambycidae Neoclytus jouteli Neoclytus acuminatus Anaphelus pumilus Canopy traps Neoclytus scutellaris Xylotrechus colonus Neoclytus mucronatus catch more Xylotrechus sagittatus Acanthocinus obsoletus longhorn Monochamus titillator beetles Curculionidae Cnestus mutilatus Dendroctonus terebrans Monarthrum mali Cyclorhipidion bodoanum Dryoxylon onoharaense Ips avulsus Ambrosiodmus obliquus Ips calligraphus Understory Xyleborinus saxesenii Ips grandicollis Xylosandrus compactus traps catch Xylosandrus crassiusculus Xylosandrus germanus more scolytines Miller, Crowe & Sweeney (2019) LIFE-ARTIMIS, Ljubljana, Slovenia 24-28 September 2019 Where were the buprestids? Black funnel traps detect very few species of buprestids, even when placed in the upper canopy LIFE-ARTIMIS, Ljubljana, Slovenia 24-28 September 2019 > 3000 species of Agrilus worldwide Many feed on genera of trees native to North America’s forests like oaks and poplars. Some species (Agrilus planipennis) become invasive when established in new ranges with naïve host trees. Makarov photo Makarov photo Agrilus laticornis Agrilus angustulus LIFE-ARTIMIS, Ljubljana, Slovenia 24-28 September 2019 We know from emerald ash borer research, that Agrilus spp. are attracted to green and purple traps from EAB studies and others (Francese et al. 2005; Crook et al 2009; Domingue et al. 2013; Rhainds et al. 2017) Using green or purple traps instead of black traps should improve Agrilus detection in trapping surveys. LIFE-ARTIMIS, Ljubljana, Slovenia 24-28 September 2019 Experiment 1. trap height x trap color x lure 2 x 2 x 2 factorial experiment, Italy 2016 Trap height Trap Color (12-funnel - Fluon) 1. High (canopy) 1. Green 2. Low (understorey) x 2. Purple Lure 1. multi-lure combo 2. UHR Ethanol racemic 3-hydroxyhexan-2-one racemic 3-hydroxyoctan-2-one RR,SS -2,3-hexane diols racemic E/Z-fuscumol racemic E/Z-fuscumol acetate UHR ethanol LIFE-ARTIMIS, Ljubljana, Slovenia 24-28 September 2019 Experimental scheme Area and connectivity Multi-lure racemic 3-hydroxyhexan-2-one, racemic 3-hydroxyoctan-2-one,RR,SS hexane diols, E/Z fuscumol, E/Z fuscumol acetate, ethanol LIFE-ARTIMIS, Ljubljana, Slovenia 24-28 September 2019 Buprestidae (15 species, 1622 individuals) • Green traps > Purple traps (especially in the canopy) • Canopy traps > Understory traps Species richness Abundance Canopy Understory Canopy Understory EtOH Multi-lure EtOH Multi-lure EtOH Multi-lure EtOH Multi-lure LIFE-ARTIMIS, Ljubljana, Slovenia 24-28 September 2019 Cerambycidae • Multi-lure detected more species than Ethanol • Canopy traps detected more species than Understory Species richness Abundance Canopy Understory Canopy Understory EtOH Multi-lure EtOH Multi-lure EtOH Multi-lure EtOH Multi-lure LIFE-ARTIMIS, Ljubljana, Slovenia 24-28 September 2019 Scolytinae • Understory traps detected more species and specimens than Canopy traps • Purple traps detected more species and specimens than green traps • Ethanol detected more specimens than Multi-lure LIFE-ARTIMIS, Ljubljana, Slovenia 24-28 September 2019 Northern Italy 2016 – green and purple funnel traps (Rassati et al. 2018) Family Canopy Understory No preference Buprestidae Agrilus convexicollis Agrilus olivicolor Agrilus graminis Most jewel beetles, Agrilus hastulifer Agrilus roscidus Agrilus laticornis Chrysobothris affinis especially Agrilus spp., were Agrilus obscuricollis Lamprodila mirifica detected in the canopy Cerambycidae Chlorophorus glabromaculatus Clytus arietis Phymatodes testaceus Chlorophorus sartor Poecilium fasciatum Ropalopus clavipes Many species of longhorn Gracilia minuta Leiopus nebulosus Xylotrechus arvicola Neoclytus acuminatus Pogonocherus hispidus Xylotrechus stebbingi beetles caught in greater Plagionotus detritus Grammoptera ruficornis Xylotrechus antilope numbers in the canopy Aegomorphus clavipes Anaesthetis testacea Exocentrus punctipennis Mesosa nebulosa Some Scolytinae species Oberea linearis caught mainly in
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    © Entomofauna Ansfelden/Austria; download unter www.zobodat.at Entomofauna ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR ENTOMOLOGIE Band 36, Heft 10: 121-176 ISSN 0250-4413 Ansfelden, 2. Januar 2015 An annotated catalogue of the Iranian Braconinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) Neveen S. GADALLAH & Hassan GHAHARI Abstract The present work comprises a comprehensive faunistic catalogue of the Braconinae collected and recorded from the different localities of Iran over the past fifty years. It includes 115 species and subspecies in 11 genera (Atanycolus FÖRSTER, Baryproctus ASHMEAD, Bracon FABRICIUS, Coeloides WESMAEL, Glyptomorpha HOLMGREN, Habrobracon ASHMEAD, Iphiaulax FOERSTER, Megalommum SZÉPLIGETI, Pseudovipio SZÉPLIGETI, Rhadinobracon SZÉPLIGETI and Vipio LATREILLE) and four tribes (Aphrastobraconini, Braconini, Coeloidini, Glyptomorphini). Synonymies, distribution and host data are given. Key words: Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Braconinae, catalogue, Iran. Zusammenfassung Vorliegende Arbeit behandelt einen flächendeckenden faunistischen Katalog der Braconidae des Irans im Beobachtungszeitraum der letzten fünfzig Jahre. Es gelang der Nachweis von 115 Arten und Unterarten aus den 11 Gattungen Atanycolus FÖRSTER, Baryproctus ASHMEAD, Bracon FABRICIUS, Coeloides WESMAEL, Glyptomorpha 121 © Entomofauna Ansfelden/Austria; download unter www.zobodat.at HOLMGREN, Habrobracon ASHMEAD, Iphiaulax FOERSTER, Megalommum SZÉPLIGETI, Pseudovipio SZÉPLIGETI, Rhadinobracon SZÉPLIGETI und Vipio LATREILLE. Angaben zur Synonymie und Verbreitung sowie zu Wirtsarten werden angeführt. Introduction Braconinae is a large subfamily of cyclostomes group of parasitic wasps in the family Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea). They constitute more than 2900 described species that are mostly tropical and subtropical (YU et al. 2012). Members of this subfamily are often black, red, orange and/or white in colours. They are small to medium-sized insects, characterized by their concave labrum, absence of epicnemial carina, absence of occipital carina, females have extended ovipositor (SHARKEY 1993).
  • Coleoptera) Edited by I

    Coleoptera) Edited by I

    _____________Mun. Ent. Zool. Vol. 7, No. 1, January 2012__________ 109 ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS TO THE NEW CATALOGUE OF PALAEARCTIC CERAMBYCIDAE (COLEOPTERA) EDITED BY I. LÖBL AND A. SMETANA, 2010. PART. III. Mikhail L. Danilevsky* * A. N. Severtzov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 33, Moscow 119071 RUSSIA. E-mail: [email protected] and [email protected] [Danilevsky, M. L. 2012. Additions and corrections to the new Catalogue of Palaearctic Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) edited by I. Löbl and A. Smetana, 2010. Part. III. Munis Entomology & Zoology, 7 (1): 109-173] ABSTRACT. More than 300 misprints, wrong combinations, wrong geographical records, wrong references, wrong status of certain names, wrong synonyms, wrong authorships and dates of certain names, wrong original combinations, wrong spelling of several names and so on are fixed. Sometimes unavailable names were published as available. Missing names, geographical data and references are added. KEY WORDS: Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, taxonomy, Palaearctic. Third part of additions and corrections to the Cerambycidae Catalog (Löbl & Smetana, 2010) continues two parts published before (Danilevsky, 2010 and 2011). Next parts are being prepared now for publication. All three parts include more than 1000 corrections, which are all shown in http://www.cerambycidae.net/catalog.html together with acceptable corrections published by A. I. Miroshnikov (2011a,b), I. Löbl & A. Smetana (2011), D. G. Kasatkin & A. I. Miroshnikov (2011) and H. Özdikmen (2011). The WEB information is updated each two months. The references to the present article include only the publications absent in the references to the Catalog (Löbl & Smetana, 2010). The references inside the text of the present article to the publications included in the references to the Catalog have same letters after the number of the year as in the Catalog.
  • Taqman Probe Assays on Different Biological Samples

    Taqman Probe Assays on Different Biological Samples

    3 Biotech (2021) 11:259 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-021-02786-9 ORIGINAL ARTICLE TaqMan probe assays on diferent biological samples for the identifcation of three ambrosia beetle species, Xylosandrus compactus (Eichof), X. crassiusculus (Motschulsky) and X. germanus (Blandford) (Coleoptera Curculionidae Scolytinae) Domenico Rizzo1 · Daniele Da Lio2 · Linda Bartolini1 · Chiara Salemi2 · Dalia Del Nista3 · Antonio Aronadio3 · Fabrizio Pennacchio4 · Francesco Binazzi4 · Valeria Francardi4 · Antonio P. Garonna5 · Elisabetta Rossi2 Received: 23 February 2021 / Accepted: 8 April 2021 © The Author(s) 2021 Abstract Molecular assays based on qPCR TaqMan Probes were developed to identify three species of the genus Xylosandrus, X. compactus, X. crassiusculus and X. germanus (Coleoptera Curculionidae Scolytinae). These ambrosia beetles are xylopha- gous species alien to Europe, causing damages to many ornamental and fruiting trees as well as shrubs. DNA extraction was carried out from adults, larvae and biological samples derived from insect damages on infested plants. For X. compactus, segments of galleries in thin infested twigs were cut and processed; in the case of X. crassiusculus, raw frass extruded from exit holes was used, while DNA of X. germanus was extracted from small wood chips removed around insect exit holes. The assays were inclusive for the target species and exclusive for all the non-target species tested. The LoD was 3.2 pg/µL for the frass of X. crassiusculus and 0.016 ng/µL for the woody matrices of the other two species. Both repeatability and repro- ducibility were estimated on adults and woody samples, showing very low values ranging between 0.00 and 4.11.
  • Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

    Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Beiträge zur Entomofaunistik Jahr/Year: 2014 Band/Volume: 14 Autor(en)/Author(s): Hovorka Walter Artikel/Article: Liste der in Wien nachgewiesenen Bockkäferarten (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). 19-60 ©Österr. Ges. f. Entomofaunistik, Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Beiträge zur Entomofaunistik 14: 19–60 Wien, Februar 2014 Liste der in Wien nachgewiesenen Bockkäferarten (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Walter HOVORKA Abstract List of longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) recorded from Vienna. – Data of cer- ambycid beetles were collected from literature, starting with PITTIONI (1943), and include speci- mens from private collections and recent observations. The list comprises 140 Central European species, thereof eleven new records for Vienna, and seven species and subspecies accidentally in- troduced from other faunal regions. Four additional Central European species were recorded only from imported wood. Key words: Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, species list, Vienna, Austria Zusammenfassung In dieser Arbeit werden alle Bockkäferarten (Cerambycidae) aufgelistet, die jemals in Wien fest- gestellt und gemeldet worden sind. Zu diesem Zweck wurde die Literatur, beginnend mit PITTIONI (1943), durchgesehen. Ergänzt wird die Liste durch Exemplare aus privaten Sammlungen sowie neuen Beobachtungen. Die Liste enthält 140 Arten der mitteleuropäischen Fauna und sieben ein- geschleppte Arten bzw. Unterarten anderer Faunenregionen. Vier weitere mitteleuropäische Ar- ten sind ausschließlich von importiertem Holz bekannt geworden. Einleitung Erstmals wird mit dieser Arbeit eine Liste der Bockkäfer nur für Wien erstellt. In der „Roten Liste“ (JÄCH & al. 1994) und in der Checkliste der Fauna Österreichs (ADL­ BAUER 2005) wird nicht zwischen den beiden Bundesländern Wien und Niederöster- reich unterschieden.
  • Gene Sequence Analysis of Mitochondrial COI in Genus Saperda (Coleoptera:Cerambycidae:Lamiinae)

    Gene Sequence Analysis of Mitochondrial COI in Genus Saperda (Coleoptera:Cerambycidae:Lamiinae)

    PREPRINT Author-formatted, not peer-reviewed document posted on 29/06/2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/arphapreprints.e70782 Gene Sequence Analysis of Mitochondrial COI in Genus Saperda (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae) Wei XU, Qinhua Gan, Jian Pu, Yingwen Pan, Bo Cai, Su Ao, Rui Meng, Li Chen Disclaimer on biological nomenclature and use of preprints The preprints are preliminary versions of works accessible electronically in advance of publication of the final version. They are not issued for purposes of botanical, mycological or zoological nomenclature andare not effectively/validly published in the meaning of the Codes. Therefore, nomenclatural novelties (new names) or other nomenclatural acts (designations of type, choices of priority between names, choices between orthographic variants, or choices of gender of names)should NOT be posted in preprints. The following provisions in the Codes of Nomenclature define their status: International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICNafp) Article 30.2: “An electronic publication is not effectively published if there is evidence within or associated with the publication that its content is merely preliminary and was, or is to be, replaced by content that the publisher considers final, in which case only the version with that final content is effectively published.” In order to be validly published, a nomenclatural novelty must be effectively published (Art. 32.1(a)); in order to take effect, other nomenclatural acts must be effectively published (Art. 7.10, 11.5, 53.5, 61.3, and 62.3). International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) Article: 21.8.3: "Some works are accessible online in preliminary versions before the publication date of the final version.