Yearbook 2018 history of the first one hundred winter. This marked the end of the years of the Road Administration. most difficult stage of the three-year construction period, as such large- The centenary year brought along scale construction works on peat PRIIT SAUK, various success stories at the lands were a first for us as well as Director General of the Road Administration. the contractors. Despite such large Estonian Road Administration volumes, the works are actually We can consider 2018 a successful ahead of schedule because the construction year. We exceeded works carried out in 2018 exceeded 018 represented our initial plans in practically all the amount initially planned by work areas in terms of volumes, nearly eight million euros. a celebratory the only exception was centenary feel reconstruction. We managed to The increase of wintertime road 2 implement the financial volume of condition levels posed a serious for the Republic of investments allocated from state challenge for the Area of Road Estonia as well as for revenue to the extent of 98% Maintenance last year. Every compared to our initial plans. beginning is hard, but all partners the Road Adminis- Moreover, funding in the extent of joined in and made the necessary tration. 15 million euros was brought changes in order for us to be able to forward from 2019 at the request of provide better maintained and safer One hundred years have helped the the Government of the Republic, roads for road users. Road Administration become the which resulted in a significant state authority that it is today, increase in the volume of We have also implemented a huge managing the road network and construction. improvement for road users on the various modes of transport and Tallinn–Pärnu–Ikla road, where shaping mobility. A unique The biggest works were carried out variable message signs have been publication “One hundred years on in regard to transforming the adopted and now manage traffic. Estonian roads” was completed in Kose–Ardu and Ardu–Võõbu road This is the kind of efficiency that we order to celebrate this remarkable sections into four lane roads. The need in terms of informing road milestone. It was compiled by Mairo main part of the embankment of users: we can reduce the permitted Sääsk, historian and former Head of Kose–Ardu section was completed speed in the case of bad weather the Road Administration. This book in the end of September and was conditions or increase the permitted will serve as a reminder of the left to sink in its entirety over the speed limit to 110 km/h during Sentiment of the Director General

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 1 winter, provided that weather IT Department service-based, tasks, which in other words analyses conditions are good. The plan is to which means that the department the movement of people, goods and also instal variable message signs will transition from a responsive information, and seeks the most on Tallinn ring road and the new style of action to a preventive efficient solutions for directing the section on the Tallinn–Tartu road in support unit that focuses primarily aforementioned flows. The chain of the upcoming years. on the quality of service provision. liability within and between units will be clarified, which shall ensure We knew that 2018 would be a Development of e-services will better cooperation opportunities, serious challenge for us in the area certainly continue as well and and prioritise the role of process, of public transportation. As of hopefully we can conduct the road and service owners: the owner 1 January, the Road Administration majority of operations for clients in shall plan the process as well as took over the role of organising a preventive manner without them service-based resources and county and inter-county public bus, ever even having to visit a bureau necessary activities, while also ship and plane lines from county or the e-service environment. taking responsibility for fulfilling the governments. The Supervisory objectives set. Division of Public Transport The Road Administration considers Department along with 14 official itself a spokesperson for mobility New structural units of the Road posts was established at that time, in Estonia and our vision is to Administration consist of divisions the function of which is to analyse become a highly valued compe- that cover fulfilment of primary the line network, monitor fulfilment tence centre for road users as well functions appointed to the Road of contracts and carry out ticket as our partners. In 2018, we Administration by legislation. The inspections. Implementation of new mapped our strategic competen- statute enables to flexibly form tasks was certainly an incredibly ces and carried out a pilot survey various structural units within the challenging and complicated task, across four competences among divisions. but the Public Transport Department our partners. We wanted to figure handled it excellently. out what our partners expect of us It is a difficult challenge to face and as a competence centre and which it requires experts in relevant areas. The Road Administration has always areas need further contributions in No road builds itself, it requires disapproved of corruption and we order to ensure as efficient people and engineers, all with their have also now taken a step towards cooperation as possible. We own stories. The engineering making the inspection process more received substantial feedback from profession is relatively unpopular, transparent. Cameras were installed our key partners and we have but it is our task to make sure that at technical inspection points in July plenty of room for improvement. young people are aware of the 2018 at the instigation of the We also plan to carry out a survey excitement and permanence of this Technical Department. This helps to on the rest of our competences in profession. We must actively talk decrease the risk of corruption 2019. about our actions, skills and during inspections since transpa- thoughts on society in general. We rency is the worst enemy of corrup- It is important for us that the live at a time when attention tion and the camera system makes public services provided by the economy is an independent industry it more difficult for technically Road Administration are functional and we cannot ignore it. unsound vehicles to pass and also available as modern roadworthiness tests. Therefore, we e-services, if possible. We have During the centenary year of Estonia, can ensure that the vehicles that decided to use the service design we launched the Aadu Lassi Lifetime engage in traffic are safe for the methodology in the development Achievement and Engineering driver as well as fellow road users. of new services and in reshaping Awards in the road construction area existing services. in cooperation with the Asphalt I am glad to see that our e-service is Pavement Association to recognise taken up by increasingly more new In addition to the aforementioned engineers who are remarkable in users each year. Estonian citizens significant changes, we also began their field. The first recipients of this have the right to choose to either to prepare our transition to the great recognition were AADU Engi- come to our service bureaus for our new process-based structure. The neering Award Laureate Marek Koit services or to use e-channels. The new version of the statute of the and AADU Lifetime Achievement proportion of transactions made Road Administration shall Award Laureate Aleksander Kaldas. online was 65% in 2018. I am establish a prerequisite for convinced that the service is like a economical, functional and safe The centenary year of the Road new wave of literacy, which the planning and implementation of Administration represented a people are still learning, and it is the traffic and taking on the role of a dignified and proud step towards our responsibility of the IT Department to spokesperson for the creation of a two hundredth anniversary. develop convenient, secure and supporting management structure. functional IT solutions in coopera- tion with owners of public services. We shall hereafter put more emphasis on the traffic planning In order to better fulfil this role, we stage and address traffic modelling have decided to make the

2 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 Sentiment of the Director General 1 36 Road studies About Road Administration 4 38 Area of Traffic Safety and Public Transport Existing roads 6 40 Public transportation Area of Road Maintenance 8 42 Collective raids Maintenance of national roads 10 43 Making sites that pose a traffic hazard safe State supervision of roads 13 44 Database of traffic accidents Traffic management surveys 14 45 Road Safety Programme 2016–2025 Traffic Management Centre 16 46 Expert committee in determining the causes Variable message signs 17 behind serious traffic accidents Road toll 18 48 Studies on attitudes and behaviour of road users Road weather stations. Speed cameras 19 50 Customer service Area of Construction 20 52 Exams A selection of key objects for the Road Administration in 2018 24 53 Activity licence for driver training Best in construction 27 54 Market surveillance of motor vehicles 2+1 roads 29 56 Vehicles Implementation of InfraBIM in road construction 30 58 Traffic safety awards Non-destructive testing of surface courses 31 59 Traffic safety campaigns Environmental measures 32 60 Estonian Road Museum Elimination of barrages that hinder fish migration 33 62 Engineer Aadu Lass Award in the Area of Roads Public services 34 63 Road Administration's deeds and persons of 2018

Photos: page 36 from Heidi and Tanel Neuhaus' hunting camera, page 4, 10 by Taivo Möll. Contents

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 3 he Estonian Road Administration (ERA) terminology connected with ERA's is a government agency who operates area of activity. within the administrative area of the Ÿ Participating in elaboration of T policies, strategies and Ministry of Economic Aairs and development plans and prepa- Communications and executes state ration and implementation of international projects in ERA's supervision, implements state policies and area of activity. oers public services on the basis and to the Ÿ Implementing state policies and development plans in ERA's area extent prescribed by law. of activity.

The primary area of activity of the The main functions of the Road legislation regulating ERA's area Road Administration is divided into Administration are the following. of activity and applying the Area of Construction and enforcement powers of the state. Development, Area of Road Mainte- Ÿ Road management and creation of Ÿ Keeping state registers of roads, nance, Area of Road Network and the conditions for safe traffic on vehicles and public transport, Area of Traffic Safety and Public national roads. maintaining the system of Transport, which are led by Deputy Ÿ Increasing traffic safety and stationary automated speed Director General and Heads of Areas. reducing harmful environmental cameras. The activity of primary areas is impact of vehicles. Ÿ Participation in development of supplemented by support services. Ÿ Organisation of road traffic and legislation regulating ERA's area public transport. of activity and making proposals The Road Administration and thereby Ÿ Organisation of state supervision for amending and the maintenance of national roads is over compliance with the supplementing the legislation, funded on the basis of the Traffic Act. requirements established by participation in working out the Majority of the revenue collected by About Road Administration

4 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 Implementation of the Road Administration budget 2018 Personnel of Road Administration Accrual based; in thousands of euros Budget Imple- Budget implementation mentation % The Road Administration had 536 official posts in 2018. The total labour Total state budget resources: 308,908 300,405 97% turnover was 12% and a total of 72 new Total operational costs: 66,980 65,171 97% officials were hired to work at the Road Labour costs 16,422 15,682 95% Administration. Management costs 50,558 49,489 98% Several significant changes and preparations for changes were carried Total investments 181,545 179,207 99% out within the structure of the Road Buildings 575 498 87% Administration in 2018. As of 1 January Purchases of land 2,943 2,521 86% 2018, the Road Administration took IT developments 2,440 2,405 99% over the functions regarding the Other investments 876 688 79% organisation of public transport from National road summary project and 174,711 173,095 99% county governments, which resulted in the establishment of the Supervisory national co-financing Division of Public Transport Department along with 14 posts at the Total grants awarded: 60,383 56,027 93% Road Administration. Road transport organisation 34,936 31,415 90% Waterway transport organisation 22,775 21,941 96% Preparations for transitioning to a new Air transport organisation 2,672 2,671 100% process-based structure commenced as well. Preparations for the new structure were based on the need to 74% Total external resources: 32,185 23,921 offer clients more efficient and high- Road Maintenance Plan investments 29,717 22,268 75% quality public services, transitioning Other investments 245 106 43% from process-based management to IT investments 536 292 54% activity-based state budget, and on the Estonian Road Museum 1,462 1,146 78% practical feasibility of merging the Area of Construction and Maintenance as Labour and management costs 225 109 48% well as that of the redistribution of the functions of the Area of Road Network. Total revenue from economic activities: 836 1,158 139% In terms of the management structure, Investments 215 900 419% a completely new Division of Strategic Management costs 621 258 42% Planning shall be established, the aim of which will be to plan movement in accordance with the needs of the the Road Administration stems from functional and safe road network society. state fees and road toll, the volume of infrastructure constituted the which was 29 and 20 million euros in majority of the budget. In addition to 2018. The primary sources of finance ongoing maintenance works, Support Area 95 for costs and investments arise from preservation also includes the costs state revenues and external resour- for the repair of existing Area of Road Area of Construction ces. The total volume of investments infrastructure. Expenditure on Network 42 and Development 83 of the Road Administration amounted development includes the amounts to 204 million euros last year with set out for road construction in 12%, i.e. 24 million euros, received regard to the programme for from external resources. pavement of gravel roads, for the establishment of noise barriers and The volume of operating costs was reconstruction of road sections that Distribution 65 million euros, of which mainte- pose a traffic hazard. The latter also of the o cials nance costs of national roads relates to one of the priorities in the accounted for 60%, i.e. 39 million area of traffic: implementation of the euros. traffic safety strategy. The greater part of the cost base in the area of Since 2018, the Road Administration's traffic stems from the costs related to the service bureaus of the Road budget also includes grants for the Area of Road organization of road, water and air Administration. In recent years, the Maintenance 71 transport in the amount of 60 million Road Administration has made Area of Tra c Safety euros. greater investments to the e-service and Public Transport 245 area in order to enhance efficiency Resources allocated for the and improve the quality of services. preservation and development of a

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 5 s of 1 January 2019, the total length of Estonian national Aroads is 16,608 km, with the addition of up to 87.6 km of tempo- rary ice roads in suitable weather conditions.

Among national roads, there are a total of 953 km of E-roads* and 1,294 km of TEN-T roads**.

National roads include 1,609 km (9.7%) of main roads, 2,405 km (14.5%) of basic roads, 12,480 km (75.1%) of secondary roads and other national roads, and 114 km (0.7%) of connecting roads.

The overall length of national roads increased by three kilometres over the year, resulting from the entry of new connecting roads and ramps, which were built as part of the reconstruction of existing roads, into the road register. For instance, new connecting roads established in the context of the reconstruction of Tallinn ring road and transforming the Valmaotsa–Kärevere section of Tallinn–Tartu–Võru– Luhamaa road into a 2+1 lane road.

As at 1 January 2019, the length of paved roads is 11,958 km, i.e. 72%, and the length of gravel roads is 4,650 km, i.e. 28% of the total length of national roads.

Existing roads

6 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 78 km worth of paved roads were added in National roads 16,608 km the course of the year, mainly due to covering gravel roads with dust-free incl. main roads 1,609 km pavements. basic roads 2,405 km secondary roads and other national roads 12,480 km The density of national roads is 366 km per connecting roads 114 km 1,000 km² and the density of the entire registered road network is 1,289 km per Local roads 24,002 km 1,000 km².

incl. highways 18,237 km There are a total of 1,012 bridges on 5,209 km national roads with a total length of streets 25,170 m, two of which are wooden bridges walkways and cycle tracks 556 km with a total length of 30 m. Private and forest roads* 18,398 km Pursuant to the Building Code, data concerning all public roads is collected, Total: 59,008 km processed, stored and published in the register of roads. The register of roads is an * 31 December 2008 data of Statistics Estonia online national database that includes data on national as well as local roads and Asphalt and is available to the public at cement concrete https://teeregister.mnt.ee. Road Gravel and 4,914 km soil roads 29,6% Administration is the data controller of the 4,650 km register of roads, whereas the data is 28,0% supplied by the Road Administration in regard to national roads and local Pavement governments in regard to local roads. types on main Supplementing data and addition of new roads data to the register of roads is carried out on a rolling basis pursuant to acceptance documents and additional inventories. In cooperation with the Land Board, applicable Surface-dressing Bitumen- road layers are based on the Estonian gravel gravel 2,577 km Topographic Database (ETD). For the 3,490 km 15,5% Ash concrete and 21,0% visualisation of the data stored in the stabilised pavement register of roads, there is a X-GIS map 976 km application of the Road Administration in 5,9% the geoportal of the Land Board, where one can view data regarding national as well as local roads. Main roads Private and 2,7% forest roads Basic roads 31,2% 4,1%

Secondary roads 21,1%

Walkways and Existing cycle tracks roads 0,9% *An E-road is a road defined by the UN Economic and Social Council (a road of the European road Streets network as in the Building Code). 8,8% Connecting roads 0,2% **A TEN-T road is a road defined in Regulation (EC) No 1315/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council that is located on the territory of Local roads Estonia (a road of the Trans-European road network 30,9% as in the Building Code).

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 7 TARMO MÕTTUS, Deputy Director General in Maintenance Area of Road Administration

018 posed a lot of challenges for the 2Area of Road Maintenance. The largest challenge was certainly the enhancement of the wintertime road maintenance level as of 1 November. provided 1.9 million euros of can be facilitated by applying the additional funding to ensure measurements collected in regard to fulfilment of the new requirements. the assessment of road conditions Increased volume of maintenance and developing the maintenance and also constituted a challenge for our In recent years, we have been supervision log, and merging it with maintenance partners who had to cooperating with the Ministry of the notification system of road users expand their machinery, plan Economic Affairs and Communi- to create one collective information maintenance routes more efficiently cations in regard to preparing the system. In 2018, we purchased four and react quicker in changing weather amendment of the Regulation of new devices for the measurement of conditions. It was pleasing that all the Requirements for Condition of the wet grip index, which shall maintenance partners embraced the Roads. We reached its entry into contribute to the efficiency of road new plan in the end. Preparatory force in autumn. maintenance surveillance. works for the achievement of such results took one and a half years. After In 2018, we launched a pilot project We thoroughly considered options on all, our objective is common – create a on road maintenance surveillance how to improve the condition of safe and securer traffic environment in Pärnu county, in the context of gravel roads, and the situation of for road users. which we ordered maintenance persons who live by and use gravel surveillance from the open market. roads. The most efficient method is The amendment resulted in additional The Road Administration perso- still to increase the volume of dust 566 km of roads with a condition level nally monitors the fulfilment of control. In 2017, we carried out dust of 3+ (i.e. the highest level); said maintenance contracts, however, control on approximately 1,000 kilo- condition level must be ensured on we are using this pilot project to metres, whereas in 2018, the volume roads with a traffic volume of 3,000 test the functionality of such a had increased by 500 km, reaching cars or more per day. Condition level 3 service when ordered from other 1,500 km. We execute dust control on was appointed to additional 314 km of companies and whether it is all roads where traffic volume roads. Condition level 2 was appointed something to consider in the exceeds 90 cars per day. Further- to an additional 552 km of roads, future. Initial conclusions can be more, we also carry out dust control meaning that said condition level made in the spring of 2019 and the on roads where traffic volume is must be ensured on roads where consequent course of action can lower, in places where it is necessary traffic volume exceeds 250 cars per then be considered. for inhabitants. day. We raised the condition level on a total of 1,432 km of roads. We also We are still working on harmoni- The Road Administration pays nearly sing surveillance activities, which 700,000 euros annually for the Area of Road Maintenance

8 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 which we will apply common principles of speed limit determination on selected test rest- sections. The aim is to bring the rooms speed regime of the test sections installed into compliance with the traffic at car parks environment in the course of the became sub- pilot project by making permitted ject to vandalism, travel speed clearer and safer to the which means that road users, therefore reducing the the creation of equal risk of traffic accidents. conditions would require improvement of good con- The biggest change in traffic duct practices and an additi- management for road users was onal service provider on-site. implemented on Tallinn–Pärnu–Ikla road, where variable message signs For the first time in several years, we were adopted. These signs enable us also installed garbage bins at those to warn road users in the case of elec- same car parks, which will remain in slipperiness and to change the tricity use throughout the year. We believe permitted travel speed according to utilised in that the waste management culture road conditions. The biggest surprise street lighting. has improved and that these bins for many road users was the The Area of Road will not become a place for nearby permitted speed of 110 km/h during Maintenance began inhabitants to discard their winter in the daylight. Our aim is to replacing regular street domestic waste. allow road users to travel at the lighting lamps with LED lamps in speed that is in accordance with order to create long-term savings. In 2018, we created a Road weather and road conditions. This will certainly continue in 2019 Administration work group who as well. It should result in a began to address an extremely The difficult wintertime weather reduction of 50% in electricity costs topical issue in the society – travel conditions in 2018 and 2019 have in a couple of years. speed on national roads. Under the made us consider reviewing the leadership of the Traffic current road maintenance model. In 2018, the Road Administration also Management Department, we have The expectations of road users for carried out a first pilot project by divided this topic into various key better travel conditions on the one installing temporary public rest- issues and agreed to find a solution hand and existing opportunities rooms for the summer period in to these issues among the Traffic arising from current road some car parks located by main Safety Department, Planning maintenance contracts on the other roads. For instance, a total of 26 Department, Traffic Management hand have made us realise that we temporary restrooms were installed Department and Road Maintenance must analyse our options for the at four car parks located on Department. We prepared an action provision of better road mainte- Tallinn–Narva road, at three car plan in regard to future activity. nance services. Consequently, we parks on Tallinn–Pärnu–Ikla road have made it part of our 2019 action and at four car parks on The Road Administration is currently plan to collect and compare various Tallinn–Tartu–Võru–Luhamaa road. preparing a guide which can be used road maintenance concepts from The special needs of disabled in the future to determine the around the world. As a result, we persons were also taken into fastest travel speed on various would like to figure out which road account upon installing the roads. Determination of travel speed maintenance model would be the restrooms. depends on the function of the road, most suitable in our conditions. traffic volume, traffic composition The project shall continue in 2019, and land use. The most important We also wish to complete the during which we will increase the aspect in terms of travel speeds is analysis of equipment currently time period as well as the number of traffic safety, which is our reference used on roads by mid-2019. We want car parks where temporary res- point in all activities. For this, we to use this as a basis for agreeing on trooms shall be installed. Upon have commenced a thorough future development principles and selecting the locations, we consider analysis of the road network in order for developing suitable methodology the popularity, size and distance of to detect possible bottlenecks in for selecting the location for such the car parks from the nearest petrol areas where the traffic regime does equipment. stations and eateries. However, the not reflect the traffic environment, petrol stations and eateries located especially in terms of traffic safety. We will also continue with various by the side of national roads shall We wish to review the roads where topics handled by the work group in continue to bear the greatest burden, travel speed can be increased and the speed area, incl. convening an as better conditions for serving where it should be reduced. external expert committee to assess people have been ensured at such In 2019, we shall conduct a speed our preliminary vision for shaping places. The problem was that the limit related pilot project, under travel speeds on Estonian roads.

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 9 Maintenance of national roads

10 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 Distribution of maintenance providers as of 31.12.2018

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 11 Tra c volumes on national roads

Cars per day and night: Up to 299 300–999 1,000–2,999 3,000–5,999 6,000–9,999 10,000–19,999 20,000 and more

12 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 roads in 44 local governments. 39 of those were planned and five were case-specific. Procedures involved the inspection of 349 different roads, streets or sections thereof with a occa- total length of 589 km. sion, work on the follo- Deficiencies were detected on 204 wing construc- roads/road sections, i.e. on 58% of tion course began inspected roads/sections. before the previous Most common deficiencies: work had been accep- Ÿ lateral visibility on roads below ted and without the the required level; necessary permit. Ÿ occurrence of potholes that exceed permitted size, as well as In terms of asphalt mixes, the occurrence of unmarked potholes composition and gradation of in the road surface; binders and deformation-resis- Ÿ height difference between road tance of mixtures were inspected. surface and shoulder; Compliance to temporary traffic Ÿ branches in the clearance zone; n 2018, the Road organisation requirements during Ÿ road signs were not visible or Administration road works continued to receive readable for road users due to conducted 38 state greater attention. Inspection of the various reasons. I compliance to established supervisory proce- requirements at road construction The deficiencies were eliminated dures in regard to the objects of local governments during procedures and a follow-up continued as well. inspection was carried out before construction of public conclusion of the procedure. roads. The review State supervision of compliance to road condition requirements for the Settling of claims included checking the roads of local governments The increasing intensity of traffic compliance of mate- In 2018, the Road Administration results in higher risk of traffic continued to monitor the condition accidents. In the event of traffic rials and products, as of roads and streets in local damage, it is inevitable that road well as road works governments, focusing on places users submit claims to the Road where the traffic volume and thus Administration, whether justified or with the design and also the risk of traffic accidents is unjustified. In comparison with compliance to quality higher. The number of inspected previous years, road users submitted local governments decreased in more claims to the Road Administra- requirements of road comparison with previous years tion than before, the total amount of construction. due to the administrative reform. claims increased as well, whereas the total amount of damages paid Problems occurred in regard to the The Road Administration carried declined by nearly a quarter. Data on tilt and flatness of construction out state supervision procedures claims submitted and damages paid courses built during traffic, prior to on the compliance to road between 2015 and 2018 is set out in the construction of the next layer. On condition requirements of local the table below.

Data on claims submitted and damages paid by the year the claim was submitted

Number Sum of Sum of Year when of success- Number of Ongoing Procedure damages damages claim was Number ful claims, claims procedures, not Sum of Sum of by the Road by contrac- submitted of claims incl. partially dismissed number initiated¹ claims damages Administration tual partners 2015 102 23 58 1 20 € 63,317 € 16,431 € 4,778 € 11,654 2016 87 21 41 - 25 € 102,087 € 3,447 € 2,383 € 1,064 2017 147 74 29 5 39 € 68,179 € 21,712 € 11,017 € 14,641 2018 159 46 62 4 49€ 84,479 € 16,459 € 3,984 € 12,475 Kokku 495 164 190 10 133€ 318,062 € 58,049 € 22,162 € 39,834

¹Procedure was not initiated due to insufficient evidence State supervision of roads

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 13 Speed surveys In the spring of 2018, the Traffic Management Department began development of the methodology and guide for determining the speed limit outside built-up areas. The aim of the guide is to ensure that the applicable speed limit on roads is based, first and foremost, on safety and is in compliance with the established speed regime and actual traffic environment. The Finnish speed limit determination guide is used as an example.

There is an ongoing pilot project for applying and improving the methodology of determining speed limits, where common principles of speed limit determination are applied on selected test sections. This was preceded by a thorough analysis for identifying bottlenecks.

Two test sections were selected for implementation of the pilot project: Jõhvi–Tartu–Valga main road and Tallinn–Rapla–Türi basic road. The selection was based on the fact that the selected sections were subject to various situations that occur elsewhere in the road network, and that could be generalised for other national roads. Speed limits that are based on the developed methodology and safety in particular shall become applicable on the selected test sections in spring 2019. In 2018, the existing speed regime on these sections was mapped, and actual speeds were measured and analysed. During the test period, speeds are measured on the basis of the new arrangement and an assessment is prepared on how road users perceive the new speed regime that is based on the traffic environment.

In 2018, the Traffic Management Department was actively engaged in measuring and monitoring the travel speed of vehicles. Capacity of monitoring was significantly increased by a services contract concluded in spring 2018, under which a contractor measures vehicle travel speed with mobile speed measuring devices in places on which there is no prior data. Furthermore, five new mobile speed measuring devices were purchased. By the end of 2018, the Road Administration had used mobile speed measuring devices to measure vehicle travel speed on 282 different objects. Said objects are supplemented by permanent counting stations that consistently collect vehicle travel speeds at specific locations. Tra c management survey on level crossings In 2017, development of the traffic management guide Measuring and data collection of vehicle travel speeds for level crossings commenced, clarifying and shall continue in 2019, during which vehicle travel supplementing requirements of various regulations speeds are measured in all speed limit areas (permitted and standards concerning traffic management of level speed less than 90 km/h) of main roads. This will provide crossings. The guide sets out requirements regarding a significant and accurate overview of actual travel visibility, breaking distance and suitable speed for speeds at various speed limit areas on main roads. entering a crossing.

In 2018, the Road Administration ordered a traffic management survey of level crossings in order to check compliance of the traffic management of level crossings located on national roads with the Tra c management requirements of the guide and detect parameters that play an important role in the assessment of the safety of level crossings. The survey included 58 level surveys crossings on national roads throughout Estonia.

14 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 During the survey, road signs and The results can be used by the Road equipped with a signal light later road markings at level crossings, as Administration to determine the than on those without it. The well as the location, condition and safety levels of level crossings and survey brought out that eye- other parameters thereof were to prepare plans for improving the tracking glasses indicate the inspected in order to assess safety thereof. fixation of the driver's gaze on an compliance with the requirements of object, however, in the case of road the guide. Information regarding the Pilot project concerning road signs signs equipped with a signal light, manufacturer and installer of road equipped with a signal light drivers notice it even without fixing signs and their time of instalment was In the context of a 2018 pilot project, their gaze on it. The questionnaire collected as well. the Road Administration ordered two results revealed that most drivers road signs equipped with LED signal noticed the flashing road sign from Furthermore, visibility triangles, i.e. lights to be installed in Viljandi far away. actual visibility from both directions county. The aim is to enhance the (meaning at which point from the attention of drivers approaching a In conclusion, the use of road signs level crossing can a train that is safety island with the intention of with signal lights is not 400 m away be seen), were measured improving the safety of road users recommended everywhere, but and determined. especially in twilight and at night- only in places where it is more time. likely to hit the safety island upon In addition, actual travel speeds at significant deviation of the travel level crossings were measured from Road signs on km 31.6 of Imavere– path.

The impact of road signs equipped with a signal light was also assessed as part of another pilot project near the Randvere school and kindergarten in Viimsi municipality. A thermal camera that detects pedestrians and road signs equipped with signal lights, which warn drivers, were installed at the site.

The survey conducted by the Viljan– TTK University of Applied Sciences di–Karksi- by order of the Road Administration Nuia road and showed that the proportion of km 0.85 of drivers who ignored the obligation Viljandi–Rõngu road to give way to pedestrians reduced were installed by IB to 6–7% following the instalment of Foor OÜ. By order of the the system, which is a significant Road Administration, difference in comparison with the initial 20% of ignorers. Even though Stratum OÜ conducted a traffic the proportion of drivers who behaviour impact assessment adhered to the obligation to give both directions approximately prior to and after the instalment of way remained high during the first 30–40 metres before the crossing. road signs at said locations. The year after the instalment of the The results showed that travel speed survey was conducted by using system, an increase of travel speed is the biggest issue, as the speed limit test persons with various driving within the permitted speed limit is ignored. Therefore, one of the first experience, a questionnaire form was observed. tasks was to begin implementation of was completed and eye-tracking calming measures. It was also device Tobii Glasses II was used. It is also important to note the high concluded that the established speed The glasses consist of a camera assurance of safety by pedestrians regime of various crossings is not in that records the situation observed before crossing the road, which compliance with the safe speed for and another camera that detects also improved after the instalment passing the level crossing, and must movement of the right pupil 30 of signal lights, even though they thus be changed. times per second, thus recording were not aimed at crossing the position of the eye the objects pedestrians, and the increased In general, there were no problems observed. attention in traffic could have with road signs and road markings at stemmed from improved aware– level crossings, as they were mostly at The results of eye-tracking glasses ness and possibly addressing the the right location and in required were opposite to expectations: the topic of traffic safety in the small condition. gaze of drivers fixed on road signs community.

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 15 rac Manage- signs were installed on Tark Tee portal in November. ment Centre Tallinn–Pärnu–Ikla road by the end Implementation of the project was became opera- of 2017. funded by the European Regional T Development Fund with national co- tional on 1 November In the beginning of 2018, TMC was funding to the extent of 15%. The made responsible for managing the updated environment offers 2017 as a successor of road toll system for heavy goods additional opportunities to regular the former Trac vehicles, which included entering road users as well as carriers and is into agreements with distributors compatible with smart devices. An Information Centre. and the management thereof, as important update to the Tark Tee well as making refund decisions portal was the data gate that complies and replying to enquiries made by with the European-wide DATEX II The Traffic Management Centre (TMC) clients and partners. The first year standard, and can be used by the was established in order to improve of applying the road toll has been Road Administration to forward safety and reduce time spent in satisfactory in general. In the operational data regarding traffic traffic by ensuring that road users course of the year, the network of restrictions, road repairs and traffic receive operative and preventive sales points increased at the hazards for public use. Development information. With regard to this external border in particular, where of the Tark Tee portal will continue in change, the Road Administration the demand for payment is highest. upcoming years and the biggest began outsourcing the service of the challenge will be to increase inclusion road information line 1510 from the New partnerships were also of local governments in regard to Help and Information Centre of the established with providers of sharing traffic information concerning Emergency Response Centre. electronic payment solutions. An local roads. invoice payment option was added The Traffic Management Centre to the system and a self-service In terms of special carriages, the handles the following tasks: environment shall be completed in biggest change was the amendment 2019, which will make payments of legislation which entered into force Ÿ collection of information even more convenient. on 1 July 2018. The amendment regarding speed limits and enables carriers of other goods aside publishing thereof in the portal 2018 was a year of establishment from roundwood to also use heavier Tark Tee, as well as forwarding and development of the team, work road trains upon special carriages, if information regarding important processes, technical solutions and the axles of vehicles used are limits to the media; guidance materials for the TMC. The equipped with paired tyres and the Ÿ collection of information on winter office of TMC underwent laden mass does not exceed 48 road conditions from renovations and a new video wall tonnes in the case of 6-axle road maintenance providers and was installed. In June, the first trains and 52 tonnes in the case of forwarding thereof to the media; variable message signs on 7-axle road trains. Experts find that Ÿ mediation of information Tallinn–Pärnu road were switched such technical requirements enable regarding opening and closure of to the so-called stationary regime to decrease the adverse effects on ice roads; and the second half of the year saw roads arising from larger laden Ÿ issue of permits for special gradual improvement in the masses. carriages and maximum weight; management capacity thereof Ÿ management and monitoring of alongside with the development of By the end of the year, a guide for the variable message road sings, the automatic management issue of transport permits and the traffic cameras, crossing gates system, which is planned to be determination of special terms was and other traffic management adopted in spring 2019. completed, therefore organising and equipment; harmonising the process and terms of Ÿ management of the road toll By the end of 2018, seven real-time issuing transport permits. The most system. traffic cameras which are operated important update in terms of the at the centre were installed on development of the transport permit One of the incentives for the Tallinn–Pärnu–Ikla road, providing information system was transferring establishment of the TMC was the big information regarding the traffic the application process of traffic ban cooperation project SMART E67 with situation, incidents as well as road permits to the e-service, thus the Latvian Road Administration in and weather conditions. enabling applicants and handlers to regard to Intelligent Transport save time. Systems (ITS), under which 35 A significant achievement was the variable message electronic road completion of a new version of the Tra c Management Centre

16 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 MART E67 is a Data is collected in relation to road sections. An innovative solution was and air temperature, condition of the instalment of prismatic variable joint project road surface, wind speed, type and message information boards on Liivi between Estonia intensity of precipitation, traffic road in Pärnu. These boards S volume and speed. recommend a suitable speed for road and Latvia, under users until the next green traffic light, which various roadside The installation of variable message depending on the current phase of signs and additional road weather the traffic light cycle. The aim of the intelligent transport stations was completed by the end innovations was to make the Pärnu systems (ITS) for trac of 2017. bypass smoother and faster, especially for transit traffic. management, monito- All necessary electrical connections ring and notification of were completed in the course of In October 2018, we entered into a 2018 and starting from June, the five-year contract with AS IB Foor for road users were signs were gradually switched on. the development of the traffic installed on Estonian At first, the signs operated in the management system. The supplied and Latvian sections of so-called stationary regime, traffic management system based on however, the Traffic Management the Swarco Omnia platform will the Via Baltic route Centre began managing the signs in become the primary tool for the (E67) in 2017. accordance with the developed Traffic Management Centre in the management rules in autumn. management of variable message signs. The aim is to make the The Road Administration and management system as automatic as AS Teede Tehnokeskus concluded a possible. The experience of other consultancy contract in spring 2018 countries has revealed that it is for the development of management highly difficult to make management principles for the signs. A foreign systems that are dependent on road expert from Finland assisted in the conditions and the weather fully development process and the automatic, and that the role of corresponding guide developed by humans will remain particularly the Finnish Transport Agency was important in confirming decisions used as an example in structuring regarding the increase of speed the Estonian guide. The impact of limits. The first stage of the traffic various, especially wintertime road management system should become conditions, factors on actual travel operational in March 2019 and the speeds on Tallinn–Pärnu–Ikla road second stage in June. Pursuant to the were analysed on the basis of prior contract, additional variable message data received from road weather signs and monitoring systems can be stations and traffic counting integrated into the same system in stations. The specification and the future. The aim of the SMART E67 project is to suitability of the location of existing make travelling on an international road weather stations were also SMART E67 project will conclude in road with high traffic volumes safer analysed in regard to traffic 2019, but the positive impact of the and smoother, as well as decrease management needs. The first project will last for many years to travel times. version of management principles come. In addition to the was completed in autumn. Tallinn–Pärnu–Ikla road, we plan to For Estonia, the most important extend the traffic management output of the project is the adoption of In addition to the adoption of system to the Tallinn ring road as variable message signs, which can be variable message signs, we also well as the Tallinn–Tartu direction in used to change the speed limit on the developed the traffic light system of the coming years. Aside from the basis of actual road or weather the Pärnu bypass section over the direct benefit to the development of conditions, notify road users of traffic year. Traffic light programmes were the E67 route, the project has also accidents, hindrances on the road, optimised in order to ensure better been greatly beneficial to the Road road repairs and bypass routes in the coordination between the nine Administration team in acquiring event of road closures, forward consecutive regulated intersections experience and knowledge in a new information regarding travel times in (the so-called green wave); sensors area. the case of traffic jams, and other that detect heavy goods vehicles useful information regarding traffic. were also installed on two inter- Variable message signs

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 17 he Road Admi- tickets were followed by 90 day and sometimes unpaid during travel. tickets (33,800), 30 day tickets (over An estimated 1.16 million euros of road nistration collec- 23,000) and 365 day tickets (nearly toll remained unpaid in 2018, and ted 20.2 million 3,400). Purchase of long-term tickets 963,670 on Estonian trucks. T was particularly popular among euros in road toll and Estonian carriers, as 95% of yearly Road toll was paid at border crossing sold a little over tickets and 97% of quarterly tickets points (inc. eastern border and ports) were purchased for Estonian and at the service bureaus of TCB on 685,000 tickets in 2018. vehicles. 36,712 occasions. Moreover, all trucks The collected amount that entered the eastern border Payments, i.e. payment of 75.6% of crossing point underwent an constituted 102% of the tickets and 88.6% of the amount inspection, a total of 107,908 trucks in estimated 19.7 million due, are mainly made through the 2018. Procedures due to unpaid road website of road toll. toll were initiated at border crossing euros. points on 197 occasions. Procedures Road toll was paid at border crossing are initiated upon establishing unpaid points (incl. eastern border and road toll regarding trucks exiting ports) on 43,300 occasions (6.4%). Estonia, if the truck is entering Estonia, All primary border crossing points we direct them to pay. Road toll for Estonian vehicles was have sales points. More information paid to the extent of 14.3 million euros on payment options is available at In addition to border crossing points, with 276,000 tickets purchased. Road the address www.teetasu.ee. the TCB also carries out road toll for foreign vehicles was paid to the inspections. A total of 9,238 road extent of 5.92 million euros with nearly According to the Tax and Customs inspections (all vehicles in total, 410,000 tickets purchased. In terms of Board (TCB), 25,567 trucks travelled incl. vehicles that exceed 3.5 tonnes) foreign vehicles, the largest amount of on Estonian roads in 2018, 58% of were carried out last year, unpaid road road toll was paid for Polish vehicles – which were registered in Estonia toll was detected on 555 occasions and 1.8 million euros (35% of tickets and 42% were foreign trucks. The persons were directed to pay. purchased for foreign vehicles). Poland analysis of the TCB shows that the was followed by Latvia with 1.6 million road toll was always paid for 53% In 2018, the police initiated 1,301 mis- euros (23% of tickets), Lithuania with of all trucks in 2018, incl. 46% of demeanour procedures in regard to 1.3 million euros (18% of tickets) and Estonian trucks and 63% of foreign unpaid or insufficiently paid road toll, Russia with 620,000 euros (12% of trucks. The road toll was always 314 procedures were initiated in tickets). unpaid for 11% of trucks in 2018 relation to foreign citizens. (incl. 10% of Estonian and 12% of One day tickets were the most popular foreign trucks). For the rest of the category with nearly 620,000 tickets trucks, road toll was sometimes paid purchased. These were mostly purchased by foreign vehicles, constituting over 400,000 tickets, i.e. 65% of one day tickets. The amount of one day tickets purchased for Estonian vehicles exceeded 217,000 (35%). In terms of popularity, one day

Road toll

18 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 evelopment of road he Road Administration weather stations did not install any new Dcontinued in 2018, which Tspeed cameras in 2018; saw the construction of six new national roads are equipped Lut road weather stations in with 66 measuring booths for the following places: Uhmardu, speed cameras. In addition, the Rõngu, Ainja, Üdruma, LLokuokutiti Road Administration also has and Kurla. two measuring booths in the city of Tallinn.

Precipitation sensors of the six road weather There are a total of 68 measuring booths in Estonia. stations of Tallinn–Pärnu–Ikla road were updated, Four measuring booths can measure speed in both enabling to manage new electronic road signs on directions. The so-called two-way measuring booths that road more accurately than before. are located at Puhu intersection in Põltsamaa city, Libatse village in Pärnu county, Rannu village in The information system of road weather stations Ida-Viru county and Kiia village in Harju county. included 76 road weather information systems (three of which belong to local governments), The Road Administration uses 50 measuring devices 112 road cameras (19 of which are real-time road on national roads, which are periodically switched cameras) and two variable message electronic between booths. road signs as at the end of 2018. 2017 marked an important milestone for the Road Updating of IR lighting of road cameras Administration in terms of speed cameras, as commenced, which will help to significantly automatic surveillance was launched on a local improve the quality of night-time photos, thus government road for the first time ever. In March, contributing to the improvement of the quality of speed cameras on Endla street, Tulika street and wintertime maintenance works. Sõpruse puiestee intersection (so-called Kristiine intersection) became operational. The first stage initiated determination of travel speed. The project will continue in 2019, during which the same equipment will be used at the Kristiine intersection to also automatically detect ignoring of red traffic lights. Road weather stations Speed cameras

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 19 PRIIT SAUK, Director General of the Estonian Road Administration

he Road Administration can consider 2018 Tincredibly successful in the area of preservation and development of the road network.

All financial objectives regarding investments were met to the extent of 98% and all volume objectives, either per kilometre or piece, were in fact exceeded. This year's success was certainly spurred on by exceptional weather during the construction season: the summer was sufficiently warm and not that rainy, and the winter did not come early either.

Challenges faced by the Planning Department concerned the preparation of major projects for upcoming years, the objectives of which were clarified thanks to the amendment of the road maintenance plan approved by the government in September. The government's approval set a clear direction for projects regarding Pärnu–Uulu, Pärnu–Sauga, Aaspere–Haljala and Are overtaking area, which were launched a year and a half ago. The year also brought on various ideas and collaboration obligations, which were quite time-consuming, but which the Planning Department addressed head on and managed to successfully realise, whether it involved preparation of joint projects with Rail Baltic or another idea for the Saaremaa bridge, which was discussed and thought through in quite some depth with the Road Development and Investment Department.

Actual cooperation activities with Rail Baltic were launched, most likely bringing along more joint projects in the upcoming years, in addition to the construction procurement for the Luige–Saku section of Tallinn ring road, which was jointly announced in the end of 2018. The procurement seeks a constructor for a section that will also involve the establishment of a new overpass over the future Rail Baltic route. The procurement is carried out by the Road Area of Construction

20 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 Administration, however, the Rail Baltic the Asphalt Pavement Association structure shall be responsible for improved significantly in 2018. funding the overpass and provision of Several workgroups were established quality surveillance over railway and they are continuously debating safety. It has currently been agreed over the requirements for pavement that another 18 hubs or intersections materials as well as durability of shall be established in the coming pavement. Furthermore, we carried three years on the basis of the same out pilot projects, in the context of cooperation model, while the which we established in construction solutions, schedules and procurement terms that the costs shall be jointly specified. contractor would receive a bonus if they use vehicles with a heated load The possibility of managing data better space during transportation of and more efficiently thanks to pavement mixtures and a pre-feeder digitisation has benefited various on asphalt pavers. Both projects areas by now. As a trendsetter in the were successful and both sector, the Road Administration has an contractors earned the bonus. We important role to play in order to received a lot of positive feedback ensure that it also manifests in the from contractors, even though the area of roads. In 2018, the Road amounts were not enormous. The Administration carried out two first success of these pilot projects time pilot projects for the confirmed that if contractors are implementation of InfraBIM in road provided a bonus for excellent work, construction in Estonia. These projects they are willing to put in a lot more showed us that the learning process in effort by evolving on a technological implementing BIM will not be ending level as well as by working for a any time soon. In addition to the common objective to improve supplementation of the structure of quality and durability over time. data and files, the roles and limits of liability of the parties must also be Since the Area of Construction is defined in more detail. We can currently economically on the rise implement all of this next year when and our experienced engineers and we plan to utilise BIM instruments in project managers are valued on the six road projects. job market, many regions and engineering qualifications and we departments suffered labour losses will also be contributing to the We are glad to say that relations last year. The programme “Engineers establishment of standard between the Road Administration and back to school” was all the more requirements for the levels of important in terms of ensuring qualification in the future. We have sufficient succession for engineers made it our goal to ensure that the in 2018. During the programme, engineers of Road Administration engineers of the Road Adminis- are well-educated, experienced, tration introduced their area and have completed continuous possibilities for development to the training, and that they would also youth. Several eager Road aim to verify that they comply with Administration engineers managed increasingly higher standards of to visit even more than two schools qualifications in the engineering to invite young people to continue area. their education either at the Tallinn University of Technology or TTK The primary focus of 2018 was on University of Applied Sciences. the preparation of the structural Succession is currently a concern for reform. I was really expecting that all of us and we will certainly we would be able to launch our continue with the programme in processes quicker and that the new 2019 in order to ensure a sufficient structure would enter into force on 1 amount of road engineers in the June 2018. Things did not work out future as well. quite like that, however, we made significant steps as a result of Granting qualifications for engineers thorough discussions in workgroups continues to be an important topic for the establishment of the Area of as well. The Road Administration Road Maintenance. The Area of concluded a cooperation agreement Construction and Development with the Asphalt Pavement along with the Area of Road Association for participating in the Maintenance will be working hand committee for the approval of in hand as of spring 2019.

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 21 Implementation of Road Maintenance Plan investments 2018 Accrual based; (including external resources) in thousands of euros

Budget Imple- Name of the project Type of budget Budget implementation mentation %

Construction National resources 43,314 41,667 96% External resources 29,717 22,268 75% Total 73,031 63,935 88%

Reconstruction National resources 58,993 57,053 97% Own resources 465 465 100% Total 59,458 57,518 97%

Maintenance repairs of paved roads National resources 19,945 20,283 102% Total 19,945 20,283 102%

Restoration repairs of paved roads National resources 21,067 21,354 101% Total 21,067 21,354 101%

Reconstruction of places that National resources 7,837 9,071 116% pose a tra c hazard Own resources - 45 - Total 7,837 9 116 116%

Planning National resources 0 1,041 - Total 0 1,041 -

Maintenance repairs of gravel roads National resources 10,024 11,292 113% Total 10,024 11,292 113%

Restoration repairs of bridges National resources 5,153 4,833 94% Other resources 724 724 - Total 5,877 5,557 95%

Roads dust-free National resources 7,894 5,979 76% Total 7,894 5,979 76%

Noise barriers National resources 484 522 108% Total 484 522 108%

Total 205,617 196,597 96%

Volumes of Road Maintenance Plan 2018

Type of work Planned Actual volume of volume accepted works Maintenance repair of gravel roads 286 km 277 km Maintenance repair of paved roads 1,222 km 1,442 km Restoration repair of paved roads 224 km 250 km Construction and reconstruction 194 km 192 km Construction 14 km 16 km Reconstruction 180 km 176 km Paving of gravel roads 80 km 78 km Reconstruction and repair of bridges 20 24 Reconstruction of places that pose a tra c hazard 54 54

Total length of constructed and repaired roads 2,240 km

22 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 Selection of bridge objects in 2018

Loca- Road nr Road name tion, Name of the bridge Activity Type of bridge Length of km bridge, m 3-span simply supported 19331 Rannametsa–Ikla 0.4 Timmkanali bridge Renovation beam bridge 30.4

26.7 3-span cantilever 13161 Lohusuu–Maetsma Vadi bridge Renovation RC bridge 24.6

6.6 3-span simply supported 24172 Sultsi–Abja-Paluoja Ülemõisa bridge Renovation RC beam bridge 24.2 1-span cantilever RC 22232 Vedu–Kikivere 4.1 Kikivere bridge Recontstruction clapper-style bridge 18.3

20175 Valgu–Libatse 9.6 Lebenesi bridge Recontstruction 1-span RC beam bridge 14

1.8 1-span steel arch box 11421 Laagri–Hüüru Karutiigi bridge Recontstruction girder bridge 7.1

6.1 Postikõrtsi bridge Recontstruction One-span RC 20170 Märjamaa–Konuvere clapper-style bridge 6.0

34.9 Koriste bridge Recontstruction 1-span RC rigid-frame 6 Valga–Uulu bridge 5.0

46 Tatra–Otepää–Sangaste 20.1 Kintsli bridge Recontstruction 1-span RC rigid-frame 5.0 bridge

Rapla–Järvakandi–Kergu 22.4 Lihuveski bridge Recontstruction 1-span steel arch box 4.6 27 girder bridge

4.3 Lagedi viaduct 1 and 2 5-span precast RC 11 Tallinna ringtee New construction beam bridge 115

11 Tallinna ringtee 2.2 Väo viaduct 1 and 2 New construction 4-span precast RC 100.6 beam bridge

11 Tallinna ringtee 8.3 Rae viaduct New construction 2-span post-stressed RC 49.3 clapper-style bridge

11 Pirita–Ülemiste kanal 7.7 Rae bridge New construction 1-span RC rigid-frame 18.2 bridge

11 Tallinna ringtee 1.1 Veneküla tunnel New construction 1-span RC rigid-frame 16 bridge

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 23 NORTHERN REGION EASTERN REGION

Construction of the 2+1 Construction of 2+2 Construction of 2+2 Reconstruction of the road on Ääsmäe–Kohatu section of section of Lagedi– Võtikvere–Mustvee road section on Tallinn–Pärnu– Väo–Veneküla road on Karla road section on section Ikla road Tallinn ring road Tallinn ring road Location: km 33.7–38.9 of national Location: km 28–37 of national Location: Location: road No. 36 Jõgeva–Mustvee road No. 4 Tallinn–Pärnu–Ikla km 0.6–2.8 of national road km 2.8–6.0 of national road Engineer: Roadplan OÜ Engineer: Tinter-Projekt OÜ No. 11 Tallinn ring road No. 11 Tallinn ring road Contractors: highway section Contractor: Nordecon AS Engineer: Engineer: Verston Ehitus OÜ, urban section Supervision: Sweco EST OÜ Selektor Projekt OÜ Skepast&Puhkim OÜ YIT Infra Eesti AS Total cost: 13.7 million euros Contractor: Nordecon AS Contractor: Supervision: Toomtsentrum OÜ The project was co-funded by Supervision: Esprii OÜ AS TREV-2 Grupp Total cost: 2.5 million euros the Cohesion Fund of the Total cost: 13.7 million euros Supervision: European Union The project was co-funded OÜ Telora The aim of the project was to by the Cohesion Fund of the Total cost: improve the condition of the The aim of the 2+1 lane road is European Union 10.5 million euros pavement and load bearing to improve traffic safety, The project was co-funded capacity on said road section in smoothness and road environ- The multilevel intersection by the Cohesion Fund of the order to enhance travel comfort ment. The 2+1 Ääsmäe–Kohatu of Veneküla provides new European Union and traffic safety. In addition, the overtaking sections reduce opportunities for the intersection with national road traffic stress upon overtaking development of companies The reconstruction of No. 13114 was reconstructed and heavy vehicle rows on the Via in the area as well as public Tallinn ring road included dangerous parking options were Baltica. transport at the border of the construction of the Karla eliminated. Km 28–37 of the Ääsmäe– Tallinn. multilevel intersection and A pavement structure with a Kohatu road section were The project saw the road a new bridge over the width of 8 metres was reconstructed into a 2+1 lane section of km 0.6–2.8 of Vaskjala–Ülemiste channel. constructed, corrections were road and equipped with a Tallinn ring road Karla multilevel intersection made to the longitudinal profile, median barrier during the reconstructed into a class I enables vulnerable road side ditches were dug, culverts project. Six overtaking sections 2+2 lane highway. The users to safely travel on the were cleaned and built, and new with a length between 0.9 and Veneküla tunnel and two Tallinn–Jüri route. traffic control devices were 1.5 km were constructed. new overpasses over the installed on the highway section. A wildlife crossing (for moose, Ülemiste–Maardu railway The road area was cleaned and roe deer, wild boar, foxes, were constructed. Noise organised, deforestation and raccoon dogs) with a width of barriers were established uprooting works were executed. 50 to 65 metres was built in the for the protection of A pavement structure with a Kohatu area. The road was dwellings in the area. The width of 7 metres was fenced in order to restrict Veneküla multilevel constructed, corrections were access to the road for animals. intersection shall be made to the longitudinal profile, New accessways and U-turn completed as part of a ditches and culverts were spots were established for local separate project between cleaned, new culverts were built, traffic. 2019 and 2020. dangerous parking spaces were eliminated, the car park and intersection located on the Lake A selection of Peipsi side were made safer, a rainwater sewage system was established, street lighting and key objects electricity supply was relocated at places, and new traffic control for the Road Administration in 2018 devices were installed on the urban section. 24 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 WESTERN REGION

Reconstruction of the Construction of the Reconstruction of Reconstruction of the Narva-Jõesuu–Hiiemetsa service road of Narva Pärnu–Tori road Seljaküla–Keedika road road on the Sillamäe section section Location: Location: km 5.9–12.1 of national road Location: reconstruction of km 19.1–26.3 Location: No. 59 Pärnu–Tori km 44.6–54.9 of national road of national road No. 91 service road of Engineer: No. 17 Keila–Haapsalu Narva–Narva-Jõesuu–Hiiemetsa Tallinn–Narva road in the Selektor Projekt OÜ Engineer: Engineer: city of Sillamäe, starting Contractor: Selektor Projekt OÜ Selektor Projekt OÜ from Pavlov street and YIT Infra Eesti AS Contractor: Contractor: ending at the city's eastern Supervision: Nordecon AS Viaston Infra OÜ border Teehoiu Partnerid OÜ Supervision: Supervision: Engineer: Total cost: Sweco EST OÜ Infragate Eesti AS Selektor Projekt OÜ 3.1 million euros Total cost: Total cost: Contractor: 3.1 million euros 3 million euros YIT Infra Eesti AS The aim of the recons- Supervision: truction was to enhance In order to improve travel The aim of the reconstruction Eastconsult OÜ the level of traffic safety comfort and the load bearing was to improve the condition of Total cost: and to improve travel capacity of the road, the pavement, travel comfort and 1.5 million euros comfort as well as to unlevel pavement was traffic safety. The entire road extend the lifespan of the removed, a new pavement section was unlevel and the The aim of the construction road. The project saw the structure was established edges had sunk due to the of the service road was to establishment of a proper and new traffic control insufficient width of the surface improve traffic safety on the width gauge, reconstruc- devices were installed. area. Considering prospective eastern part of the Sillamäe tion of intersections and bus lines, the bus stops were section of Narva road. exits, improved safety on constructed along with Dangerous exits from Narva the road section between extensions and platforms. road were eliminated in the Sindi built-up area and the A new two-layer asphalt course of the works. Street intersection on Silla street concrete pavement with a width lighting, cycle and along with the establish- of 8 metres was constructed. pedestrian tracks and bus ment of street lighting. The Side ditches were dug, culverts stops were established on asphalt removed from the were built. Sidewalks were built the service roads, so that object was used to in the area where the pedestrians and cyclists establish a dust-free Shishkin's pine, i.e. Meriküla would not have to use the pavement for km 16.1–22.6 pine, and the memorial Narva road. of national road No. 19333 commemorating those who fell Uulu–Soometsa–Hääde- in the battles of 1944 are meeste. located.

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 25 SOUTHERN REGION

Reconstruction of the Construction of the 2+1 Reconstruction of the Reconstruction of Loodi–Sultsi section Valmaotsa–Kärevere Tsiiruli–Missokülä Mikitamäe–Värska and road on Tallinn–Tartu– road section on the Karisilla–Treski roads Location: Võru–Luhamaa road Riga–Pskov road km 58.9–64.7 of national road Location: No. 49 Imavere–Viljandi– Location: Location: km 78.2–85.6 of national road Karksi-Nuia km 160.7–168.1 of national km 195.5–205.8 and No. 45 Tartu–Räpina–Värska and Engineer: road No. 2 Tallinn–Tartu– 207.8–209.2 of national road km 0.0–3.2 of national road Tinter-Projekt OÜ Võru–Luhamaa No. 7 Riia–Pihkva No. 63 Karisilla–Petseri Contractor: Engineer: Engineer: Engineer: AS TREV-2 Grupp Skepast&Puhkim OÜ Toner-Projekt OÜ Roadplan OÜ Supervision: Contractor: Contractor: Contractor: Taalri Varahaldus AS Nordecon AS Nordecon AS Verston Ehitus OÜ Total cost: Supervision: Supervision: Supervision: 3.0 million euros Toomtsentrum OÜ Sweco EST OÜ OÜ Esprii Total cost: Total cost: Total cost: A new base was established 8.1 million euros 5.1 million euros 4.2 million euros and asphalt concrete The project was co-funded pavement was laid during by the Cohesion Fund of the The unlevel road surface Unlevel road surface was reconstruction. As a result of European Union and the base, which had removed and a new pavement the project, the proper width been stabilised with oil structure established in order gauge was ensured for During the project, shale ash, were removed to improve traffic safety, travel pavement, intersections and Valmaotsa–Kärevere road and a new pavement comfort and load bearing exits were reconstructed and section was transformed construction was establis- capacity on the roads. On the the safety of the road section into a 2+1 road equipped hed during the project. Mikitamäe–Värska section,the between Sultsi was improved. with a median barrier. Four During the construction, pavement was repaired, overtaking areas were built side visibility was impro- intersections were reconstruc- (two in each direction). The ved, the embankment was ted, footpaths and bus stops road section was fenced in repaired, a new drainage were constructed, landscaping order ensure that animals layer was constructed, and ditching works were carried cannot access the road. New ditches were dug and out. accessways and U-turn cleaned, old culverts A cycle and pedestrian track spots were established for repaired and new ones was established in Värska local traffic. Noise barriers established. The new along with street lighting. An with a total length of 900 m pavement is a two-layer information point on Seto were built for the protection asphalt concrete pavement region and a rest area along of locals. laid on a complex- with a car park were establis- stabilised base. New traffic hed by the Värska–Reha control devices were intersection. installed throughout the The Karisilla–Treski road length of the road. section was mostly reconstruc- ted on the existing embank- ment, except for a steep plan curve on km 1.6, where a correction was made. The pavement is repaired, intersec- tions reconstructed, landscap- ing and ditching works as well as earthworks are carried out, new bases and pavements are ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 26 built. completed road section is level, area of construction. It was the first BEST ROAD convenient and safer, and the road of such traffic solutions to be BUILDER – maintenance provider has stated constructed in Estonia and the end- Nordecon AS that this has also resulted in result ensures safer overtaking significantly more road users. opportunities than previously. 1. Reconstruction of the Seljaküla–Keedika road section on 2. Construction of the 2+1 3. Reconstruction of the km 44.6–54.9 of basic road No. 17 overtaking sections on km 28–37 of Tsiiruli–Missokülä road section on Keila–Haapsalu main road No. 4 Tallinn–Pärnu–Ikla km 195.6–205.8 and 207.8–209.2 of main road No. 7 Riga–Pskov The aim of the project was to improve The aim of the project was to traffic safety of the road section, reconstruct the road section into a The aim of the project was to reconstruct the road pavement to highway with 2+1 overtaking improve travel comfort and the load improve load bearing capacity and sections along with U-turns and bearing capacity of the road. To this improve the condition thereof. A new organisation of local traffic. The end, the unlevel road surface and the two-layer asphalt concrete pavement Kohatu wildlife crossing and the base, which had been stabilised with and new drainage channels were new Kernu bridge were established. oil shale ash, were removed and a established on a complex-stabilised Animal fences along with escape new pavement construction was base and new traffic control devices ramps were established on both established. were installed. Embankments that sides throughout the entire length posed a danger of shifting during the of the object. The object, incl. documentation, was cold were also replaced in some completed on time. Work was quick, sections. The contractor had assembled a high-quality and the entire team of sufficient size and administration and temporary traffic Works were carried out quickly and competences for executing the organisation during construction were always on schedule. The work. The object was complicated was handled correctly. The team was contractor had a qualified team: there due to the fact that 1+1 lane practical and cooperation between was a constant overview of the object passage had to be ensured the contracting entity and the and works carried out and the works simultaneously throughout the engineer was great. were planned in a thought-out manner. Even though it was not required, crates with 30% heating were used upon transporting asphalt concrete on site. In conclusion, the Best in construction

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 27 Tallinn–Pärnu–Ikla. Projects necessary measures to manage BEST ROAD included various overpasses contractors. Villmäe has always ENGINEER – between 50 to 80 metres as well as actively voiced his opinion in regard SWECO Projekt AS pedestrian tunnels, the solutions to preparing and developing new of which are spacious and bright, contractual terms for owner In 2018, SWECO Projekt AS designed while also remaining simple and supervision, and we expect to see km 1.6–3.4 of basic road No. 33 easy on the eye. The solutions him continue this in the future as Jõhvi–Kose and km 0–2.9 of offered by the engineer were well. secondary road No. 13101 Jõhvi– innovative, thought-through and Ereda. The engineer executed their calculated. These projects as well BEST PAVER – work carefully. The structures of both as previous works ordered by the Eesti Teed AS projects were optimal and construc- Road Administration did not have any deficiencies and the deadlines tion costs did not exceed the budget. In 2018, Eesti Teed AS was the were met. The engineer accommo- No volume-related or technical errors contractor in pavement works carried dated changes to the project and occurred during construction. The out in Ida-Viru, Lääne-Viru, Järva, proposals set forth by the execution of traffic safety audits, Harju, Rapla, Hiiu, Saare, Pärnu and contracting entity. which was carried out after the end of Viljandi county. Cooperation with construction works, involved no Eesti Teed AS was pleasant and direct significant additional costs. BEST ASPHALT throughout the entire contractual PAVEMENT LAYER – period. No problem remained BEST ROAD TREF AS unsolved or unanswered. The project manager as well as their team were BUILDER – focused on completing the works Järelpinge Inseneribüroo, The contractor used a pre-feeder quickly, correctly and in due time. Kikivere bridge and trucks with a partially heated load space, which helped achieve A great example comes from Harju Kikivere bridge is located near Tartu excellent quality. The contractor and Rapla county, where the on km 4.3 of secondary road No. executed the works quickly and contractor organised works in such a 22232 Vedu–Kikivere. The old bridge achieved level pavement. The way that preparation works for was demolished and a new integral works were completed on time. paving (such as correcting the bridge with a width of 10.3 metres was asphalt concrete profile) commenced constructed. The total length of the BEST OWNER as early as possible, enabling the bridge is 18.3 metres. The median contractor to report the pavement passage of the bridge is 15 metres. SUPERVISION – works complete as early as in July, Construction works were conducted Tõnis Villmäe (Lindvill OÜ) with only a few road marking works quickly and the quality of work was to be carried out after that. Questions excellent. The works lasted a total of Tõnis Villmäe is an extremely by the contracting entity received 2.5 months. No deductions were operative and competent engineer. quick responses and various made in regard to the bridge. The He was chosen as the best owner hindrances were resolved by contracting entity is pleased with the supervision inspector, as his cooperation. The quality of works was team of the contractor as well as that competences in owner supervision excellent and, taking into account of owner supervision. Works were include the area of bridges as well the relatively hot summer of 2018, conducted in a planned and efficient as roads. In recent years, Villmäe there is not much reason to manner, resulting in a fine-looking has also acquired experience in complain about the so-called and high-quality bridge. carrying out supervision over larger projects (incl. construction sweating of pavements or loose objects on Tallinn ring road, gravel. The contractor reacted in an BEST BRIDGE Ääsmäe–Kohatu, etc.). efficient manner in the few cases of ENGINEER – pavement sweating and loose gravel. Margo Märdin Villmäe is excellent in planning, Eesti Teed AS is a company who (Skepast & Puhkim OÜ) organising and keeping an eye on carries out high-quality pavement his own documentation as well as works and has extensive experience in the field. In 2018, Skepast & Puhkim OÜ that of the contractor. He monitors executed projects for new structures adherence to contractual on the bypasses of Pärnu–Uulu and obligations, is focused on good Are–Libatse on main road No. 4 results and is ready to take

28 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 improves traffic safety and smoothness. Further- more, service roads could also be used to redirect traffic in the event of accidents and, in some cases, to ensure more operative arrival of rescue equipment at the site of the accident. Planning of service roads requires additional funding for the establishment of the hazard. road itself as well as for the Therefore, acquisition of additional transporta- to mitigate the tion land, and also for the traffic hazard maintenance of such roads. arising from inter- sections, it is first and Tra c safety foremost necessary to Consequences of accidents that have figure out a way to optimise occurred on 2+1 road sections have the number of intersections on been less severe and have mostly roads with high traffic volume. been limited to vehicles hitting the +1 roads–ten Vulnerable road users median barrier that separates different directions. Considering the In terms of the distribution of years of prepa- traffic volume of 2+1 road sections, it populated areas, it is essential to rations and over is always worth to think about what 2 thoroughly analyse the movement could have happened if the median options of vulnerable road users, a year of practical use. barrier had not been there to separate incl. users of public transport. On different directions. There is a chance road sections where populated that the vehicle would have deviated areas directly border a main road, it to the oncoming traffic lane for a is necessary to separate vulnerable As of 2008, the Road Administration moment and then back to its own, road users from main road traffic has conducted preparatory works with however, as we know, most deviations for the purpose of traffic safety, and regard to the establishment of 2+1 to oncoming traffic end in head-on to ensure safe road crossing lane roads in Estonia. Practices of collision. Unfortunately, the options for them. Multilevel neighbouring countries have been consequences of such accidents are crossings are safer than level studied, incl. examination of solutions always tragic. Therefore, a solution crossings, however, these are not on-site as well as organisation of that helps to prevent at least one always economically sound in trainings. The first preliminary survey, serious traffic accident is justified. terms of traffic volume and the which examined the possible The same goes for dangerous number of vulnerable road users. applications of the 2+1 cross-section overtaking. Therefore, level crossings on 2+1 in development of the Estonian road lane roads and the safeguarding network in more detail, was carried Conclusion thereof still remain on the agenda out in 2012. The survey covered the Considering the experience of in terms of making these solutions Ääsmäe–Kernu section of neighbouring countries and the safer. Tallinn–Pärnu–Ikla main road. On the practical experience of 2+1 roads in basis of the principles set out in the Service roads Estonia, it can be said that in the case preliminary survey, preparation of of certain traffic volumes, 2+1 roads Establishment of service roads that projects commenced with regard to represent an optimal solution in the run parallel to the main road would the development of the development of the road network, solve quite a few of the Tallinn–Pärnu–Ikla as well as the improving traffic safety as well as aforementioned issues. Those Tallinn–Tartu–Võru–Luhamaa road. smoothness. Therefore, the planning roads could be used by agricultural The first 2+1 road sections were of 2+1 cross-section roads should be machinery, vulnerable road users opened for road users in 2017. A little continued in Estonia. At the same and, in some cases, maintenance over a year of practical use is time, it is important to design equipment. Parallel service roads certainly not enough to assess all sustainable solutions that enable the would also enable access to functional aspects of 2+1 road roads to be expanded into 2+2 cross- properties located by the main road sections, however, a few nuances that section solutions in the case of and therefore optimise inter- require greater attention have already increased traffic volume. sections on main roads. All of this been detected.

Intersections All intersections at grade are known to be a source of additional traffic 2+1 roads

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 29 n 2018, the Road Administration carried out two pilot projects for Ithe implementation of InfraBIM in road construction.

Digital construction has become Valga–Uulu main road and exchanged during design and increasingly topical in the Estonian Tõrva–Pikasilla basic road. The construction stages. The main construction sector in the last couple project, which had actually been observation was that the structure of years. Building Information completed earlier, was of data and files is in need of Model/Modelling/Management (BIM) is supplemented by a more detailed improvement, necessary accuracy a methodology for managing and 3D part during the pilot. The road levels and applicable file formats exchanging building information model was managed in the Trimble must be established. Moreover, the between various parties. This results Quadri cloud server. In addition to roles and limits of liability of parties in higher quality, better cooperation the design works, the pilot also must be further refined. and sustainability in the entire involved testing of digital tools in construction sector. the construction stage. The plan is to continue the implementation of BIM in pilot The Road Administration and other The other pilot project is the projects in 2019 and the current public contracting authorities signed reconstruction repairs of plan is to use BIM tools in six road a common intentions declaration in Rakvere–Väike-Maarja–Vägeva projects. Furthermore, the 2017, the aim of which is to basic road section between km 3.12 BIM-based approach shall also be implement digital model design (BIM) and 10.37 as well as the implemented in cooperation with in all construction stages among reconstruction of parts that pose a Rail Baltic, and in accordance with public contracting authorities. traffic hazard on that same section. the guidelines provided by them, in The applied Infrakit solution the construction project of Tallinn Part of the agreed action plan is to enables to manage building ring road Luige–Saku 2+2 road carry out planned pilot projects and information and files in the section, where the main road the Road Administration initiated two construction stage in particular, as intersects with the Rail Baltic route. pilot projects in 2018 to test the BIM the solution makes it possible to methodology at road construction manage the LandXML extraction of objects. the road model not the model itself.

The first pilot project was the Both projects focused on the use of reconstruction of the Tõrva centre a common information environ- junction, i.e. intersection of the ment, where information was

Implementation of InfraBIM in road construction

30 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 he strategic aim installed course during approval when the pavement is wet or frozen testing. This in turn implies the or following de-icing with chlorides. of the Road drilling of nearly 5,000 boreholes Measurement of the compaction Administration throughout the entire national road index and residual voids content T network, which will later have to be with a land radar was applied in full is to ensure that the reconstructed. in 2018, however, it has only solutions used on roads reduced the number of boreholes Filling boreholes to match the rest of per one kilometre of road to ten. are safe, economic, the pavement has turned out to be Depth measurements must still be durable and meet the quite a challenge and generally conducted throughout the entire needs of road users. needs to be addressed throughout cross-section, resulting in five the entire guarantee period. boreholes per cross-section after Nevertheless, many boreholes may every 500 metres. evolve into defects after the end of the guarantee period, compromising In 2018, the electromagnetic course the local load bearing capacity of thickness measuring technology, roads. the ongoing development of which is being carried out by AS Teede Despite the relatively large amount Tehnokeskus, was used on several of drilling, the resulting assessment objects on a pilot basis. During of the quality of the surface course electromagnetic measurement, is rather subjective since laboratory reflectors, which enable to assess tests are conducted once per 500 m course thickness much more long section and the results closely and without using drilling obtained are only a theoretical technologies, were installed reflection of the pavement that underneath the surface course at precedes and follows it. As of 2017 50 m intervals before laying thereof. procurements, it became Contractors carried out test drills in compulsory to carry out compaction places where the measured course index and residual voids content layer was significantly thinner than inspections with a land radar by designed and the results confirmed using the continuous method on that electromagnetic measurement objects that exceed 5,000 m² . Unlike of course thickness is accurate. during traditional inspections conducted with cores collected Three pilot projects were carried out during quality controls, radar in 2018 in order to test the quality measuring provides uninterrupted assessment of laying asphalt information on residual voids pavement with the help of thermal content values of asphalt concrete images. To this end, the asphalt pavements on the measurement paver had to be equipped with a track. Since the measurement thermal camera that records capacity is thousands of times thermal images along with bigger with the radar than on the temperature data, location and a basis of the traditional core number time stamp. The pilot projects have Over 400 km of repair and reconst- method, it significantly reduces the resulted in a preliminary dataset on ruction works are carried out annually randomness of residual voids the efficiency in various settings on the national road network, during content determination. and upon implementation of which roads are covered with a new various quality enhancing asphalt concrete surface course. Measurement results are calibrated measures. by taking only eight cores from the The quality and durability of inspected section covered with the Last year served as a clear installation works are determined by same asphalt mix, irrespective of the compass, indicating that asphalt the residual voids content, compac- length of the object, which reduces works can also be assessed without tion index and thickness of the the need for test boreholes that extensive drilling and the resulting installed course. For their laboratory damage the new pavement. This quality assessments can be used to determination, it is necessary to drill method is restricted by the fact that assess the entire object in far more 12 boreholes per kilometre of newly measurements cannot be taken detail than before.

Non-destructive testing of surface courses

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 31 n 2018, the Estonian Noise barriers established on the facade of the building (category II Road Administra- basis of the “Noise mitigation action noise-sensitive building). Ition constructed plan 2014–2018” 14 noise barriers with a The establishment of noise barriers In the framework of the action plan set out in the “Noise mitigation for reducing noise, mitigation total length of 2,887 action plan 2014–2018” document measures were found for 41 noise- meters. continued in 2018. Three noise walls sensitive buildings and an estimated with a total length of 605 metres 117 residents. The initial volume of Noise barriers were constructed beside were selected and established for noise barriers is 3,681 metres, which the roads of Tallinn-Narva, Tallinn– the protection of single dwellings. A requires investments in the Tartu–Võru–Luhamaa, Tallinn– noise wall with a length of approximate sum of 2.2 million Pärnu–Ikla, and the Tallinn Ring Road. 175 metres was established on km euros. Also highlighted were 67 The volume of investments related to 37.1 of Tallinn–Narva and two noise noise-sensitive buildings that are noise relief was 1,344,200 euros. walls with a length of 180 and located in the area of known planned 250 metres were established by / currently planned road projects Mitigation of noise Tallinn–Tartu–Võru–Luhamaa road. and the noise mitigation measures Valmaotsa–Kärevere section of the Cost of the works was 349,600 euros. of which have been developed within Tallinn–Tartu–Võru–Luhamaa road the framework of respective projects. Six noise barriers were established on Noise barriers were constructed the Valmaotsa–Kärevere section from with aluminium (CALVERO Sp. z o.o Development of the noise mitigation km 160.7 to 168.1 of the Tallinn–Tartu– Sp.k) acoustical panels manufac- action plan for 2019–2024 was Võru–Luhamaa road: combination tured in Poland. Works were carried funded by foundation Environmental noise barrier on an embankment and out by Roadservice AS. Investment Centre with 15,000 euros. noise wall and noise embankment The noise mitigation action plan was solutions with a height of 3 to 4.5 m, During the period of 2014–2018, the compiled by ELLE OÜ. total of 781 metres. Mitigation Road Administration mitigated measures were designed and airborne noise levels caused by Noise monitoring 2018 constructed by Nordecon AS. Cost traffic for 46 noise-sensitive The aim of the work was to execute of the works was 480,000 euros. buildings. It is estimated that the traffic noise measurements in order noise situation improved for 167 to inspect noise levels calculated in Ääsmäe–Kohatu section of residents. noise surveys and the efficiency of Tallinn–Pärnu–Ikla road noise barriers. Two noise barriers were established „Noise mitigation action plan on the Ääsmäe–Kohatu section from 2019–2024“ Locations of measurement points km 27.9 to 37.1 of Tallinn–Pärnu–Ikla In 2018, the noise mitigation action were selected on the basis of noise road: noise wall and noise plan for 2019–2024 was completed, surveys of road projects, a strategic embankment with a height of 2 to based on prior action plans, the noise map and complaints filed. 3.5 m, total of 674 metres. The actual strategic noise map of road Measurements were performed at amount of constructed noise barriers sections, which was updated in 23 points, and both day- and night- on the Ääsmäe–Kohatu section was 2017, and the national road time traffic noise was measured at higher, however, the rest were maintenance plan for 2014–2020. five of the points (measurement established in agreement with land The road projects included in the points of Juuliku interchange). owners. Mitigation measures were action plan, their solutions and designed and constructed by anti-noise measures, as well as Measurement results coincided Nordecon AS. Cost of the works was estimated completion times largely with the results modelled in 162,000 euros. pursuant to the current road the noise survey (+/- 1–2 dB). maintenance plan and its new The noise monitoring survey was Tallinn ring road period, have been taken into compiled by ELLE OÜ and it cost The Road Administration established account. 7,600 euros. three noise barriers on the Väo–Lagedi, Lagedi and Lagedi–Karla Compliance with national noise Flooding and climate change sections of the Tallinn ring road: two reference levels was used as the A two-part analysis “Action plan of noise walls and noise embankments criterion during determination of the Road Administration for with a height of 3 to 3.5 metres, total priority situations that require determination of flood zones and of 827 metres. Mitigation measures improvement: limit value of day possible climate changes” was were constructed by Nordecon AS, noise indicator Ld over 65 dB and/or completed in 2018 by AS Maves by Trev-2 AS and Lemminkäinen Eesti AS. limit value of night noise indicator order of the Road Administration.

Cost of the works was 352,000 euros. Ln over 60 dB on the road-facing Adjustment of roads and related Environmental measures

32 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 waterworks in accordance with n 2018, the Road the changing climate impacts helps to prevent and mitigate Administration possible damages. Iimplemented three environmental The objective is to ensure that activities for adjustment with projects, the aim of climate changes are carried out which was to improve in a careful and coordinated manner. The analysis was used the condition of to create a permanent input on salmon rivers. Estonian roads to the Estonian climate change adjustment strategy and accompanying implementation plan, which is also an action plan of the Road Administration.

Relevant legislation, research To this end, bridges with a structure the old muddy reservoir was and guidance materials have that caused barrages were eliminated eliminated. The old saw and gristmill been analysed, and periodically on national roads. from 1889, which is under heritage flooded national road sections conservation protection, made the have been inspected periodically To solve the fish migration problem, a works more complex. Since the on historical and modern maps, new bridge had to be constructed in buildings of the mill had deteriorated, as well as in reality. Solution place of the existing bridge, ensuring the ruins of the existing watermill proposals have been set out for torrential river flow. The sediments had to be preserved and conserved in mitigation of flooding on such upstream and downstream from the order to avoid further degradation. road sections. Applicable Finnish bridge were cleared from the river. rainwater management guides Elimination of the barrage also Fishing specialists were involved in have been compared with the increased the flow rate of the river. the reconstruction of the three Estonian road design guide, and In order to ensure sufficient water bridges, providing consultation and Road Administration's guidelines level, stones were placed to the river making sure that mobility of trout for prevention of flooding effects bed based on flow patterns. This and salmon is ensured. Mobility of on roads have been compiled on results in downstream water pockets 13 migratory fish species (roach, the basis thereof. during low water, in which fish can white bream, minnow, gudgeon, ruffe, wait for the water level to rise. In order European bullhead, goby etc.) was In terms of resolving traffic to increase the roughness of the river ensured through elimination of the issues arising from rainwater, bed and to slow down the water flow, barrages. Cost of the project was stormwater or flooding, targeted especially during high water, larger 800,000 euros. Activities were funded cooperation between local rocks were placed in the river, behind by the European Cohesion Fund governments (designs, rainwater which fish can find shelter and rest. In through the Environmental systems in heavily populated order to ensure the necessary Investment Centre. areas), the Agricultural Board torrential flow, the landscape had to be (land improvement systems), reshaped and turns of the river had to Reconstructed bridges Ministry of the Environment and be made longer to ensure a Ÿ Ehavere bridge located on km 1.5 the Environmental Board (overall longitudinal tilt which fish can swim of Luua–Vaidavere road in Jõgeva water management, nature over. Reconstructed river sections are county protection) and land owners of natural and fit in with the Ÿ Märdi bridge located on km 3.1 of areas located by problematic environment. Restu–Sihva road in Valga county road sections is essential. Ÿ Valtina bridge located on km 10.3 For instance, in the case of Ehavere of Vana-Antsla–Lüllemäe road in In the context of Estonia, flooding barrage, the river bed was cleared from Valga county is primarily caused by flooding of sediments up to 300 m upstream and watercourses due to rainfall (rain, melting snow) and the rising sea level. Flood zones will begin to expand due to the rising sea level already in 2030. In recent years, flooding issues have Elimination of occurred on 74 national road sections with a total length of approximately 40 km. barrages that hinder fish migration

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 33 he Road Admi- An interesting trend has appeared Another public service provided is with regard to zoning plans: applying for a right to connect a road nistration is construction of traffic solutions is to an existing national road or to Tresponsible for usually efficient if the interested reconstruct a national road. The managing 40 public party to the zoning plan is either service provides approval for the the developer or land owner. establishment of intersections. services, four of Intersections are further divided into which are provided However, if the interested party is two: small exits to a specific property an LG, obligations tend to be and large-scale reconstructions of by the Land Unit. forgotten or left out. For instance, intersections, such as the the Road Administration visited the establishment of a ring road in front mediation committee of the of a mall. Ministry of Finance at the end of Upon applying for a position in regard the year, since the rural The minimum distances set out in to preparation of designs and the municipality was unwilling to project obligations and standards for coordination thereof, the organiser of replace an existing narrow exit the construction of exits on smaller planning activities involves the Road road with the type of exit roads have been the subject of Administration for the issue of a established by the Road debate for years. The Road position. This relates to zoning plans, Administration in the first stage. Administration has proposed an general plans, county plans and Another example is a case where amendment to the standard, which special plans. For instance, in the the zoning plan obliged an LG to would make the construction case of zoning plans for local construct a ring road prior to the process on smaller roads less governments (LGs), the Road authorisation of use for serving a restricted by changing minimum Administration shall, first and public upper secondary school, distances and increasing the foremost, provide an input for the which was however not done. maximum number of exits per use of the road protection zone and Positive sides include great kilometre of national road. In the traffic solutions. cooperation with and fulfilment of event that there is even the slightest agreements by Harku rural evidence of an existing exit, we shall 2018 marked the beginning of the municipality. use the definition for the replace- preparation of Estonia-wide general ment of road section with an plans following the merger of various Planning activities must be more equivalent, as set out in regulation LGs, in order to establish common centrally managed in terms of “Definitions of road construction and planning and construction modes of transport and structures, maintenance”, so that the land conditions and restrictions in all LGs. in order to ensure quick and safe owner can simply remove the soil The Road Administration updated accessibility; the view and position layer and cover it with gravel. It is the reference points regarding the must come from a higher level important to also address the preparation of general plans by than that of the LG. The construc- construction of new smaller exits in adding more clauses relating to the tion of traffic solutions is not a similar manner that would not planning of transportation and land always proportional in relation to require a construction permit and use as well as the obligation to the interested party and LGs are preparation of a project. This makes determine road functions. Therefore, not able to finance larger traffic the Road Administration additionally the functioning and accessibility, solutions, such as multilevel responsible for determining incl. public transport options, of the intersections on main roads, and visibility, need for culverts and the road network must be better to accept later fees from need for the protection of analysed upon the planning of new developers that join at a later communications or electrical cables commercial and residential lands. stage. There are currently no on objects; issues that are currently The functions of existing and institutions to take on the resolved by a project. planned roads shall be determined construction obligation, whose as well (e.g. local road and national word would be final in planning In terms of large-scale road). It is important to register transport solutions and who would reconstructions, we have reached a prospective road routes that are have the right to set off charges point where the interested party is essential to the Road Administration, later on. responsible for finding a constructor, thereby enabling to design and whereas the Road Administration is construct new roads in desired areas stated as the contracting entity in later on. the contract for services and the Public services

34 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 Change in volume of work 2016–2018

1 800 1,676 1,591 1 600

1 400

1 200 1,131 1,032 1 000 957 946 856 887 800 700 645 659 600 468 400

2016 2017 2018

2016 2017 2018

2016 2017 2018 200 2016 2017 2018

0 Planning Intersections Protection zone projects Utility network

interested party is stated as the student transport lines, which has Applications for a right to construct financer. It has currently not been proved to be problematic. Since and tolerate a utility network and determined whether owner transport lines for students are utility works on the land of a supervision and auditing of traffic considered special carriage, national road. safety of the object shall be ordered persons responsible for children Establishment of various utility by the financer or the Road Adminis- have been determined and the bus networks often coincide with tration as part of a framework may stop at any place. This is not national roads. The Road procurement from a specific service the case with county lines. Administration issues claims provider. (under which conditions utility County line buses are only allowed networks can be established) for Applying for approval of activity in to stop at designated places and the design of crossovers between the protection zone of a national road LGs and public transport centres utility networks and national (construction in a protection zone) is are currently pressuring the Road roads, as well as for the design of a service by which the Road Administration to either establish cables parallel to the road on the Administration provides approval for or designate new bus stops. The land of a national road, if possible, construction activities in the Road Administration is willing to do and also coordinates projects that protection zone of a national road. this in the context of road fulfil requirements. A Utility Applications are submitted for the construction projects, but in other Network Guide, which shall set out construction of woodsheds as well cases we are relying on the Public the options for installing utility as fences, but are also submitted by Transport Act and ask LGs to either networks within the road LGs in regard to draft design build the stops themselves or embankment in more detail, is provisions relating to the designate stops in accordance with currently in development. The construction permit obligation for the requirements provided by us. activity of the Road Administration buildings. Review of projects relating is also affected by the new to cycle and pedestrian tracks In terms of cycle and pedestrian Acquisition of Immovables in constructed by LGs comprise a large tracks, it seems that the situation Public Interest Act, which has proportion of such applications. has improved and most engineers entered into force. are familiar with the Road The topic of bus stops has been Administration's principles in discussed the most. Public transport regard to ensuring the proper is free in most counties, due to distance between the national road which LGs have eliminated various and the cycle and pedestrian track.

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 35 Mobility survey of moose with slowly moving car was finally In regard to planned and constructed GPS/GSM collars successful. Ten animals were passages (wildlife crossing, level road In 2015, the Road Administration equipped with radio collars: eight crossings) for the new Kose-Mäo signed an agreement with the bulls in various ages and two cows. route, the study team finds that the University of Tartu to carry out Until the end of 2018, eight moose locations are suitable. In addition, the science and development study were observed, as one radio study indicates that an additional “Mobility survey of moose with transmitter stopped working during crossing should be constructed on the GPS/GSM collars in the area of the study period and one animal 80th kilometre near Korba Village. The Tallinn-Tartu-Võru-Luhamaa Kose- perished during a hunt. conclusion of the study mentions an Mäo section (40.0–85.0 kilometres) of important fact that the traffic national main road 2”. The study From the collaring of the first moose frequency of 10,000 vehicles in a involved equipping ten moose with until the end of November 2018, it 24-hour period forms a significant telemetric surveillance devices to was established that six different barrier for moose, on account of which uncover their movements during two specimen crossed the Tallinn–Tartu the possibility of constructing wildlife years. The aim of the study was to road 78 times: the bulls crossed the crossings should be considered research the effect of road roads 72 and one cow six times. The instead of level road crossings construction and traffic on the moose crossed the road more (openings in fences). movements of moose. frequently in the night and early morning. Technical analysis of concentration The preparation of the study involved points of accidents involving wild a thorough examination of the The construction of Kose-Võõbu animals project's area, reaching agreements road section has affected the Numerous collisions of vehicles and with local hunting organisations, animals individually. After the animals occur each year, resulting in acquiring surveillance equipment, beginning of the road construction, damage to humans or their property, and getting necessary permits from a moose named Priit started to and affecting wild animal populations. the Environmental Board. avoid the Kose side part of its home Roads with high traffic volume area and prefers to move on the fragment the habitats of wild animals. Shooting the animals with south and southeast side. At the In 2017 and 2018, Rewild OÜ carried tranquilizer guns was more difficult same time, Mari who is the most out the survey “Technical analysis of than expected. Within more than one sedentary among the observed concentration points of accidents year, ambushing was done on salt moose (two calves in both years of involving wild animals” in order to pans, twice the shooting was the observation period) has stayed prepare a ranking of the most attempted from an air-borne on the previous area near the route. dangerous road sections in Estonia helicopter. Involving the hunters and In general, the deforested route between 2009 and 2013 in terms of shooting moose feeding on a feeding enticed the animals as a food wild animals, compile an analysis of field with a tranquilizer dose from a source before the road 50 most dangerous sections based on construction. traffic hazardousness as well as natural aspects, as well as offer solutions for implementation of mitigation measures for each location. Attention was primarily focused on Road studies preserving natural environment.

36 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 Most dangerous road sections in The study was conducted by economical solutions and prevent Estonia in terms of wild animals are TTK University of Applied Sciences premature deterioration. For mostly concentrated to main roads together with Adek OÜ and instance, the insufficient load around Tallinn and to a lesser extent AA-SAT OÜ. bearing capacity of paved gravel also Tartu. The length of such roads cause the coating to sections varies from 100 m to 5.2 km. Monitoring of vehicle masses and deteriorate and its repairs are more As traffic volume is high in most axle load on bridges and overpasses complex and expensive than in the sections, the preferred solution for located on national roads case of gravel coating. The durabi- most would be multi-levelled wild The aim of the study was to gather lity of roads are affected by animal crossings that enable animals information on the laden mass and inconsistent pavement courses, to cross the road safely. Level axle loads of vehicles by using poorly functioning drainage, crossings for wild animals are portable measuring devices installed inappropriate gradation of certain recommended in places where traffic on bridges and overpasses. course materials, which result in volume is lower or the road is planned (especially during springtime) to be rerouted in the near future. Heavy vehicles (maximum mass plastic deformation in loads. Clear over four tonnes) constituted and detailed reasons for these Impact of heavy vehicles on road 1.5 million (23.6%) out of the total problems must be determined in pavements weighted amount of 6.3 million. The order to improve the situation. The primary aim of the study maximum mass of 6.9% of these addressing the impact of heavy vehicles exceeded the limit permit- The development of a separate vehicles on road pavements was to ted by the number of axles, whereas pavement design guide for roads measure the impact of various 8.9% of heavy vehicles had at least with low traffic volume and the vehicle types and maximum masses one axle that exceeded the permitted testing thereof on actual objects on road surfaces, i.e. formation, limit. Since most vehicles were reached the final stage in 2018. manifestation and development of overloaded in terms of their maxi- Measurements were extensive: permanent deformations in the mum mass as well as their axle load, 114 km of roads measured and pavement. 11% of heavy vehicles may be observed, 29 objects, 2,061 load considered overloaded. bearing capacity points measured, The impact of vehicles with a maxi- 231 engineering geological mum mass of 52 and 60 tonnes on The maximum weight limit policy of boreholes drilled along with a soil the conservation and durability of the Finland, Sweden and Norway as well analysis, and all roads were cove- road network was analysed as well. as the masses of vehicles in use in red by land radar measurements. these countries were compared The study also required development during the study. The conducted measurements of a measurement and observation enabled to consider actual road methodology for monitoring 31 measurements were taken in the conditions. Preliminary results of deformation of road structures, which course of two years. Measurements the analyses suggest that the cost third parties could use to organise were taken on selected bridges in of improving weak gravel roads and similar tests and to implement two consecutive years in order to pavement thereof is up to 20% measures to extend the life span of gain an overview of the actual load cheaper according to the new the road network. and changes across years. The gravel roads repair guide. The total length of one measurement at each cost of studies and analyses is Two new testing stations with 15 measuring point was at least seven comparable to regular engineering different sensors were established as days. geological studies according to the part of the research, and two new requirements of the Road sensors were installed to an existing The study was conducted by Administration's guide for testing station. AS Viacon Eesti together with geotechnical soil studies, however, TTK University of Applied Sciences, current collection of more and The study showed that the impact of Skepast&Puhkim OÜ and better linked data makes the the maximum mass of a vehicle is, T-Konsult OÜ. design process of road pavement first and foremost, dependent on the faster, more understandable and number of axles and width of tyres, as Development of a pavement design transparent. The main difference the wider the distance between axles guide for roads with low tra c stems from the fact that soil and the wider the tyres, the less it volume studies are only conducted in burdens the pavement. Furthermore, Roads with low traffic volume (mostly places where it is necessary based the impact of the maximum mass with transition-type pavement or on the condition of the road and also depends on the humidity regime earth-tracks) constitute nearly 86% load bearing capacity measure- and the load bearing capacity of the of the road network in the developed ments. The most significant benefit pavement. Deterioration of the road world. In terms of Estonian roads, of this solution is that the surface is most affected by there are nearly 12,500 km (75.6%) of information collected during the overloaded vehicles with old narrow secondary roads, 5,600 km of which research process can be used to single tyres with a width of less than are gravel roads (34.1%). 25% of prepare a road pavement project 490 mm during spring and autumn traffic on national roads takes place solution that is neither over- nor melting and freezing periods. on Estonian secondary roads. under-dimensioned.

Heavy duty vehicles that travel at Secondary roads are an important close intervals do not cause part of the state's infrastructure and significant permanent deformation, their design and construction must i.e. ruts, on road pavements that are incorporate principles and require- of satisfactory condition and dry. ments that enable to implement

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 37 posed a challenge for the Public tackles these topics on a daily basis Transport Department. by organising trainings and campaigns. I am glad to see that In 2018, there were 1,464 traffic spreading the message of traffic MEELIS TELLISKIVI, accidents that involved human safety is no longer only of interest to Deputy Director General in the fatalities in Estonia, in which 67 the Road Administration, but Area of Traffic Safety and people were killed and 1,824 numerous organisations and Public Transportation injured. These numbers are associations have also made it their at Road Administration upsetting, however, the Traffic goal to improve traffic safety. For Safety Department has improved instance, the news portal Delfi the efficiency of cooperation with independently initiated a social various partners who contribute to campaign “No reading while will remember improving traffic safety. For driving!”, which invited people to 2018 as a year of instance, we obtain more accurate say “no” to the use of smart phones data regarding accidents thanks to while driving. Imajor changes in our cooperation with the police, the area of public which we can use to make The Examination Department also conclusions and implement has an important role in shaping transport. The biggest necessary changes. The represen- the behaviour of road users. The challenge was to tatives of the Ministry of the results of theory tests and practical Interior, the Police and Border driving exams have declined in implement free public Guard Board, the Ministry of recent years, as in some regions, transport within Economic Affairs and Communi- only a little over 20% of driving cations and the Road Administra- candidates passed their practical counties, as requested tion held an emergency crisis driving exam. This prompted the by the Government of meeting during summer, when the Road Administration to review the number of victims of traffic entire process of acquiring a driving the Republic. accidents increased significantly. licence – learning arrangement as Several solutions were discussed well as examinations. To this end, Even though the time for the launch of and one of our proposals involved several meetings were held with free buses was set, the project itself requesting increased surveillance driving schools in order to gain was constantly changing, which made on our roads in order to calm traffic, ideas on what could be improved. It everything especially difficult. As of 1 which proved successful. It is good was found together that current January, the obligation to organise bus to see that we were able to sit down regulations are outdated, legally transport within counties, which was and look for a resolution together at clunky and ambiguous. Therefore, taken over from county governments, critical times. the Examination Department began entered into force and public transport preparation of a new regulation. The centres were established. We also Speeding, use of smart devices and aim is to make the new regulation began organising public transport drunk driving remain the biggest specific, take into account the skills surveillance, for which we established issues in our traffic. It is good to see required in everyday traffic and to the Supervisory Division of Public that the majority of people no ensure that the learning process Transport Department. Moreover, as of longer accept drunk driving. facilitates examination and vice the beginning of 2018, the Road Unfortunately, slight speeding and versa. The Road Administration has Administration is also in charge of use of smart devices while driving currently forwarded proposals for organising ship and plane connections are still considered normal by the amendment of the regulation to for larger islands, which have certainly many. Our Prevention Department the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communications.

Area of Tra c Safety and Public Transport

38 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 The year of the Technical Department involved changes as well. Their biggest challenge was the instalment of cameras at technical inspection stations in order to minimise risk of corruption and to ensure that technically unsound vehicles could not enter traffic. This change was initially met by an incomprehensible and surprisingly big resistance from the executors of roadworthiness tests. However, once the project commenced, they realised that the camera provides them with protection. Currently, if any dangerous faults are detected with the vehicle during roadworthiness testing, owners of vehicles no longer usually try to bargain to pass the test regardless.

The employees at our service bureaus are incredibly hard-working and pragmatic. Client satisfaction with services provided at our service bureaus is constantly increasing. At the instigation of the Vehicle Registry Department, the obligation of clients to fill out forms at the bureaus was eliminated and they can now just turn to the customer service attendant.

It is great to see that more and more clients are finding their way to our e-service. The proportion of leasing companies increased significantly this year.

I am pleased to see that the area of traffic has hard- working and pragmatic employees. All of our achievements are only possible thanks to our united team. I would like to thank everyone for their contribution!

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 39 he key word in 2018 in the area Tof public trans- port was principal changes in the organisation of public transport in Estonia.

As of 1 January 2018, the Road Hiiumaa and Saaremaa by ferry and was replaced by state budget subsidy in Administration took over the role of plane as well as overall coordination counties that wished to join this model. competent authority from county and supervision of public transport Relevant ticket prices, either zero or governments in regard to organising organisation, incl. monitoring ticket more euros, were established by the public transport by bus, ship and sales on buses and trains. For the Road Administration. plane between counties. execution of the latter, a Super- visory Division of Public Transport Hiiu, Ida-Viru, Jõgeva, Järva, Lääne, Administrative contracts transferred a Department was established, the Põlva, Saare, Tartu, Valga, Viljandi and large proportion of the responsibility employees of which are located in Võru county chose to join the free travel of organising public transport to nine Tallinn, Tartu, Jõhvi and Saue. model. The remaining counties wished public transport centres (Ida-Viru to provide a right of free travel to county, Jõgeva, Järva county, The Road Administration also passengers up to the age of 19 and over Southeast, Northern Estonia, Pärnu became responsible for establishing the age of 63 (incl.). The free travel right county, Tartu county, Valga county ticket prices on county lines, which is also not applicable to any long- and Viljandi county public are served under the public service distance lines organised by public transportation centres) established by contract. One of the most significant transport centres. the beginning of 2018 and to two changes was the fact that as of island local governments (rural 1 July 2018, users of county bus The number of valid contracts was 48 in municipal governments of Hiiumaa lines are no longer charged for their the beginning of 2019, indicating an and Saaremaa). The Road ride (free travel), meaning that the average of 3.2 contracts per county. Administration remained in charge of absent ticket revenue and Seven of these have been concluded in organising connections between contribution of local governments regard to serving long-distance lines. In terms of contracts concerning higher Surveillance results transport volumes, four new contracts entered into force in 2018 for serving busses inspected 3,128 county lines in Lääne, Pärnu and trains inspected 2,283 Viljandi county. Procurement proce- passengers inspected 113,235 dures were concluded and new contracts were entered into in regard to misdemeanour documents processed 293 serving county lines in Hiiu, Valga and precepts prepared 30 Pärnu county, as of 1 January, 1 Sep- fines collected 7,228 euros tember and 10 October of 2019 proceeding protocols prepared 195 respectively. penalty payments imposed 5,630 euros Public transport

40 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 regarding issues related to state which became operative on budget subsidies and in regard to 1 January 2018. major amendments. It was also necessary to involve officers Public transport surveillance includes authorised by the Road Adminis- the following: tration in the process of planning Ÿ inspection of the quality of the the organisation and project costs of public transport service and public transport centres, and for compliance with the agreed terms making larger payments. and legislation by public as well as commercial lines, As of January 2018, employees of the Ÿ inspection of the technical Road Administration are exercising condition of public transport their membership rights in public vehicles and the fulfilment of work transport centres as follows: and leisure time requirements in Ÿ Kirke Williamson – Viljandi cooperation with the police, The mileage of county lines increased County Public Transport Centre, Ÿ verification of the right of travel on by 2.2 million line kilometres in 2018, Tartu County Public Transport buses, trains and ferries. i.e. by 5.9% in comparison with 2017, Centre, Southeastern Public reaching 38.9 million line kilometres. Transport Centre; 2018 marked the first time that tickets The number of passengers increased Ÿ Aini Proos – Ida-Viru County were inspected in regard to ferry by 1.9 million persons, i.e. 9.5%, in the Public Transport Centre, Valga traffic, resulting in 21 misdemeanour course of the year, which is largely a County Public Transport Centre, procedures. It showed that execution result of the free travel opportunity as Järva County Public Transport of supervision is necessary in this of the second half of 2018. The Centre, advisory role in Hiiumaa area. number of passengers decreased in rural municipality; the first half of the year, however, it Ÿ Mika Männik – Northern In terms of bus traffic, focus was grew by 873,000 passengers, i.e. 23%, Estonia's Public Transport Centre; turned on the functioning of the in the third quarter and by 1.1 million, Ÿ Kelli Toime – Pärnu County Public service, i.e. adherence to the schedule i.e. 24%, in the fourth quarter. The Transport Centre, member of the and regularity of line-based public number of passengers exhibited the Pärnu county public transport transport vehicles was inspected. biggest growth in Harju, Ida-Viru, committee, Jõgeva County Public Issues have arisen with respect to Valga and Viljandi county. Transport Centre, advisory role in leaving earlier than set out in the Saaremaa rural municipality. schedule or cancellation of travel and The state funding of public transport failure to serve the station. centres for the organisation of public The development of the new board transport increased by 11.7 million application commenced in 2018 and The division prepared complex service euros, i.e. 53%, in 2018 in comparison it should became functional in the consistency analyses in regard to with 2017. This was due to the first quarter of 2019. The application Valga, Viljandi and Jõgeva county. The adoption of free travel, growth of the can be used to display scheduled results revealed that issues regarding public transport price index and and actual departure times for the public transport infrastructure are increase of public transport volumes. passengers on the boards installed extremely intense. Station markings The service volume has increased due at bus stops. Furthermore, the are missing, only present in one to new travel needs arising from the process of updating the travel direction, deteriorated or even administrative reform, elimination of planner commenced as well and is dangerous at several locations. some commercial lines and the also to be completed in 2019. Another problem is the lack of current increase of travel demand in regard to and up-to-date data on lines that pass the entry into force of free travel. Public transport users visited the through the station. Peatus.ee website a total of In 2018, 51 permits for domestic 3.8 million times in 2018, while the 2018 was also significant for the fact commercial and long-distance lines mobile application m.peatus.ee site that the Road Administration began were issued and 58 amendments to was visited 5.1 million times. The actively organising the work of the schedule of service lines number of visits grew by 22% in regional public transport centres and operating under existing line permits comparison with 2017 and was also resolving issues related thereto. were approved. Carriers terminated affected by the adoption of free Several problems have been detected the service of 30 lines prematurely public transport. in the activity of Ida-Viru County (incl. five commercial lines in Harju Public Transport Centre during county and one in Rapla county) and Public transport surveillance monitoring of the administrative relevant permits were revoked. In the context of the administrative contract. Said problems have not been Request for a line permit was denied and state reform, the obligation of fully resolved and will be addressed on one occasion. organising county lines along with further in 2019. the obligation of public transport The employees of the Road surveillance was fully transferred to Supervisory Division of Public Administration participate in the the Road Administration. In order to Transport Department employs 14 decision-making process concerning fulfil this task, the Road Administra- officers who are distributed between the execution of public service tion created a Supervisory Division the Northern and Southern Region. contracts by county lines and also of Public Transport Department,

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 41 he inspection of commercial vehicles in 2018 diered Tfrom that of previous years in that the Police and Border Guard Board decided to carry out inspections within prefectures, due to which the number of collective raids was smaller than in previous years.

A total of four collective raids, which use of magnets is becoming rarer, The Road Administration also carried lasted several days, were carried out, however, discovery of modules that out inspections at Narva border post, during which 920 vehicles were interrupt tachographs and cases where work and leisure time violations inspected: 45 public transport where the software of the proved to be the most common issue. vehicles, 643 heavy goods vehicles, tachograph has been overwritten are 20 mobile machinery and 212 becoming more frequent. Detection We also paid attention to school buses passenger cars. Offence proceedings and verification of both violations is operating in Harju county. We began were initiated in relation to 268 complex and time-consuming. the review of buses in August 2018 drivers and a total of 439 violations when local governments asked for our were detected. 70 vehicles were sent The Road Administration also help in assessing the compliance with for re-inspection and a driving ban participated in a few events held contractual terms of buses provided by was issued on nine occasions. within prefectures, the most a carrier selected via procurement. We remarkable of which took place at determined numerous technical In terms of public transport vehicles, Luhamaa and Koidula border posts. errors, which could have served as a 16 violations were discovered, ten of In addition to everyday work, border basis for sending the buses for re- which were violations concerning guards were trained to assess the inspection. A driving ban could have work and leisure time. technical condition of commercial been imposed on three of the buses. vehicles. Further travel was 371 violations were detected in prohibited for all four inspected We also carried out two raids in Harju regard to heavy goods vehicles, 55 of buses, since the technical issues county, one in the beginning of the concerned mass load, 16 violations discovered were so severe: fractures year and the other in September. Two concerned dimensions, 164 viola- in the chassis, oil and fuel leaks, school buses were sent for re-inspec- tions concerned work and leisure lack of a sway bar in the front axle, a tion and a travel ban was issued to time, 10 violations concerned silencer that was tied together with a another two during the last raid carried securing of cargo, three drivers thread, etc. It can also be said that out in Laulasmaa, Harku and Saue. One lacked the right to drive, the road toll heavy goods vehicles equipped with of the busses that was issued a travel had been unpaid on 53 occasions, a Russian registration plate that are ban had a fuel leak onto a hot silencer, and there were also 50 other travelling from Russia are mostly in whereas in the case of the other bus, violations. poor technical condition, as the bushes that hold the rear axle in inoperative breaks, broken frames, place were so severely deteriorated In general, it can be said that tyres with excess wear were that the rear axle had begun to live a manipulation with work and leisure common finds. life of its own separately from the time is becoming an increasingly bodywork of the bus. significant problem. The old school Collective raids

42 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 n order to improve intersections is assessed on the intersections, establishment of safety basis of the number of estimated barriers and construction service trac safety, the traffic accidents. The estimate is roads were most common. In regard to IRoad Administration made on the basis of a statistical calming traffic and reducing travel is constantly working method that considers traffic speeds, speed-limiting road humps accidents that have taken place on and chicanes in built-up areas were on determining and the specific road section or constructed. The lighting of eight reconstructing road intersection as well as on other objects was improved, on intersections similar road sections or as well as footpaths. sections and inter- intersections. A ranking of most sections on national important sites that pose a traffic 20 sites that pose a traffic hazard were hazard is compiled on the basis of eliminated on secondary roads and roads that pose a trac the estimated results. 17 sites on main and basic roads each. hazard. The fact that the most measures were 2. Sites that pose a tra c hazard applied on secondary roads implicates found on the basis of qualitative the flexibility of the programme for estimates of county tra c sites that pose a traffic hazard to committees. 20% of the annual determine and eliminate threats on budget for the reconstruction of roads with lower traffic volume as well. sites that pose a traffic hazard is allocated for reconstruction of sites Sites that pose a traffic hazard were proposed by country traffic eliminated in 13 counties. Most committees. They namely mediate dangerous objects were safeguarded in problematic sites on national roads, Harju county which also has the brought to attention by the local highest traffic volume on national community. roads.

3. Sites that pose a tra c hazard Objects that cost the most were mostly found on the basis of other located on main and basic roads and qualitative assessments. Third the construction thereof was parties such as the Police and distributed over two or three years. The Border Guard Board, inspection largest objects include the following: committee for serious traffic accidents and local governments Ÿ Construction of a service road and also provide the Road Administra- footpaths from Sillamäe on km tion with information regarding 185.7–187.4 Tallinn–Narva road sites that pose a traffic hazard, (commenced in 2017). The annual action plan for safety- based on accidents that have taken Ÿ Construction of the southern related priority objects is compiled in place. service road on km 17.2–18.7 of the extent of the budget allocated for Tallinn–Narva road for closing down this purpose under the road mainte- In 2018, various traffic safety the Võerdla U-turn spot nance plan. measures were applied on 54 (commenced in 2016). objects for a total cost of 7.8 million Ÿ Construction of the pedestrian The hazard level of a road section or euros. tunnel at Kanama interchange on intersection cannot be assessed on km 18.8 on Tallinn–Pärnu–Ikla road the basis of accidents that have The focus was on the safety of (commenced in 2017). already taken place, the risk for pedestrians and measures that Ÿ Design and reconstruction of potential accidents must be facilitate their safety, such as intersections on km 0.1–3.5 of considered as well. Therefore, establishment of sidewalks, cycle Tartu–Jõgeva–Aravete road information on road sections and and pedestrian tracks and crossing (commenced in 2017). intersections that pose a traffic points and reconstruction of hazard is collected from three existing bus stops. A multi-level 7.5 million euros have been allocated sources. pedestrian crossing tunnel was also for reconstruction of sites that pose a constructed. traffic hazard in the budget of the Road 1. Sites that pose a tra c hazard found Administration for 2019. This includes on the basis of risk calculations. The In terms of vehicle safety measures, implementation of traffic safety safety of national road sections and construction of dangerous measures on 76 objects. Making sites that pose a tra c hazard safe

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 43 he Road the capacity of the previous system them. We shall establish a thorough was reached in six months: data monitoring system for traffic Administration databases of the Police and Border accident data in cooperation with the has collected Guard Board (PBGB) and traffic PBGB. This will result in accurate and T register had been linked and data correct data, which will lead to more and analysed trac exchange was 40 times faster than informed decisions than ever before. accident data since previously. Data exchange was also established with the database of the Tra c counting the 1990s. In 2010, it Estonian Motor Insurance Bureau As of 2017, traffic counting systems was decided to estab- (LKF). also collect data on travel speed in lish a modern Road addition to counting vehicles. 2018 In summer 2018, the Government of was the first full year of data Administration trac the Republic adopted the statute of collection, which can be used as a accident information the database of traffic accidents, basis for better informed decisions. regulating the operating principles of centre (MALIS), the the database. In addition to Therefore, travel speed data was used development of which established obligations, the database to assess the impact of the new was granted legal basis for data alternative procedure on travel speed took longer than enquiries from the databases of the and how it affects traffic safety. The expected and active PBGB, LKF and the traffic register. analysis indicated adverse affects, i.e. travel speeds tend to be increasing. development was A functional system had been suspended in 2017. established by the end of the year, In terms of assessing the causes of under which traffic accident data is serious traffic accidents, the speed of loaded to the Road Administration's traffic flow at the time of the accident traffic accident database from the can now be determined. In 2019, the Since traffic accident data is extremely databases of the PBGB and LKG at six developments should make it important for the Road Administration o'clock each morning and it is then possible to measure travel speed on a as well as to many other partners, it is supplemented by information vehicle-basis (vehicle is not identified clear that the system must be regarding driving licences and during data collection). preserved. vehicles from the traffic register. The database of the Road Administration “Traffic behaviour experiment on The specific needs and development includes traffic accident data as at Tallinn–Tartu road” was one of the outlooks of the database of traffic the previous day. bigger projects, during which the accidents were thoroughly analysed in impact of police patrols on speed was 2017. Establishment of an entirely new The database is planned to be linked monitored, using data received from system was agreed upon in order to with the Land Board and road register traffic counting points. achieve the best results and prevent in 2019, which would improve the errors made with the previous accuracy of determining the location The objective for 2019 is to add all database (complexity and display of of traffic accidents in the system. databases of traffic counting points to incorrect results). Creation of the new The database will also be aligned the Road Administration's servers, system ensured that x-road transfers with applicable data protection rules. enabling to monitor road activity in will become functional right away, and This is also the most important real time. A vehicle-based travel possible faults in the systems are thus condition for obtaining national speed function will be added as well. avoided. A new database was created, approval for the database. In addition to its benefits to the Road the structure and data exchange logic Administration, the application can of which is in accordance with all Even though traffic accident data is also benefit the Emergency Centre and modern requirements. already available to interested PBGB who can apply operative person at the website of the Road management on roads in real time in In 2018, the Road Administration began Administration, we will develop if places where changes in travel speed the development of the new database further in 2019. The plan is to are detected. of traffic accidents in cooperation with compile thorough analyses that are OÜ Resta. The development period was updated on a daily basis and estimated to last one and a half years, available to all departments of the however, work was so successful that Road Administration who might need

Database of tra c accidents

44 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 Number of tra c fatalities n 17 February 2017, among road users in 2016–2018 the Government of Othe Republic 30 average in 2016–2018 approved the Road Safety 26 target of RSP for 2016–2018 Programme for 2016–2025 19 15 13 and its implementation plan 11 for 2016–2019. 44

Driver Pedestrian Passenger Cyclist

Reduction of tra c fatalities. The aim traffic safety in 2018. Eight of these and managing traffic environment in a was to ensure an annual average of activities were directed to 79 local way that ensures that the traffic 60 or less traffic fatalities in governments¹. Implementation of environment is easily comprehensib- 2016–2018. The three-year average five activities required additional le, road users could be aware of (2016–2018) was 62 traffic fatalities. funding, which was not reflected in dangers in it, the number of potential Even though the target was achieved the state budget strategy. It is mistakes would be reduced and that in terms of ensuring the safety of positive that a solution was found consequences of mistakes would be pedestrians and cyclists, the three- for funding local government units less severe. A total of 24 km of median year average still exceeded the set out in the “Implementation plan barriers were built on 2+2 and 2+1 maximum limit with regard to drivers for the road safety programme for roads in order to prevent deviating to and passengers. 2016–2019” on a case-by-base basis the oncoming traffic lane and to avoid from the expenditure of the area of head-on collisions. A total of 25 km of Improvement of safety awareness of government of the Ministry of side barriers were built to prevent road users and development of tra c Economic Affairs and Communica- running off road and to avoid single safety. Baseline values and expected tions, thus ensuring the realisation vehicle accidents and 102 km of target values of indicators in the area of four activities. Realisation of the central line rumble strips were were established in order to assess fifth activity was made possible established to prevent deviating to the the change. Even though 17 indicators thanks to an additional budget. oncoming traffic lane. Variable out of 26 showed improvement, the 67 activities out of the rest of the message signs were adopted on the other nine indicators exhibited 102 were completed in full, 23 in Laagri–Ääsmäe 2+2 road section and negative evolution, differing from the part and 12 activities remained on the Pärnu Papiniidu bridge, baseline established in 2014: use of unrealised, were postponed or enabling to make the permitted travel safety belt in a passenger car – abandoned. speed dependent on road and weather passenger in the front seat; use of conditions. reflex reflector by pedestrians – Most activities involved shaping children; percentage of people who road users to be responsible and Safe vehicle measures were aimed at pass the practical driving test on their aware of dangers, primarily focusing improving the safety and functionality first attempt; mileage of additional on two different aspects: ways of of transport. Cameras were adopted at central line rumble strip on national thinking and perceptions of road technical inspection stations as of 1 roads; percentage of vehicles in traffic users, and traffic environment. All July 2018, thanks to which the number that are over ten years old and the activities on ensuring the safety of of surveillance inspections handled by percentage of motor vehicles of cyclists were realised, as well as the the Road Administration in the second category M1 (passenger car), category bulk of activities regarding half of the year increased by 67%. The M3 (bus), category N2 (truck between contribution to traffic education adoption of cameras was also 3.5–12 tonnes) and category N3 (truck measures. In terms of surveillance accompanied by an unexpected factor: over 12 tonnes), which passed the activities, requesting funds for technical inspection stations detected roadworthiness test on the first purchasing eight mobile speed 21% more deficiencies in vehicles attempt. cameras is noteworthy here. than before.

The implementation plan set out Measures regarding safe traffic 114 activities for the improvement of environment focused on developing

¹ The activity report on the activities of local governments is being prepared and shall not be reflected in this Road Safety overview. Programme 2016–2025

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 45 018 marked the second Estonia- 2wide, and unfortunately very busy, operating year of the expert committee in determining the causes behind serious trac accidents. The number of trac accidents as well as fatalities increased.

Expert committee in determining the causes behind serious tra c accidents

46 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 47 he overview Compliance with traffic lights by 5 km/h. In cities and built-up areas, drivers of motor vehicles was 56% (51%) of drivers adhere to the deals with the observed on regulated national road permitted speed limit. The results attitudes and intersections in the streets of Tallinn, regarding the speed behaviour of T Tartu, Pärnu, Narva, Jõhvi and nearby drivers have improved by nearly 5% behaviour of road users areas of Tallinn. Drivers who had the in comparison with 2017. in 2018 and changes in option to choose to either pass comparison with through the intersection during a red Overtaking and adapting one's speed light or to stop, chose to ignore traffic to that of other road users were the previous periods. light requirements in 14% of cases on most common reasons for exceeding Results have been average on the basis of observations, the speed limit. remaining at the same level as in obtained by surveys 2017. Drivers who had to choose Use of the safety belt and child safety and observational whether to pass through the equipment intersection during a yellow light or An observational study carried out in studies. stop, chose to ignore traffic light 2018 showed that 97% of drivers, requirements on an average of 55% of 95% of adult passengers sitting in the cases (58% in 2017). There were front seat of a passenger car and differences to the extent of 20% in 85% of adult passengers sitting in the different areas, ignoring traffic light back seat of a passenger car used a Nearly 100% of respondents requirements is more common in safety belt, whereas 98% of children consider drunk driving as the Tallinn and less common in road were fitted with child safety biggest threat, same as last year. traffic. The situation in Tallinn has equipment. The survey conducted Texting and use of social media degraded by 9% in comparison with among the population in regard to the while driving is considered almost 2017. use of the safety belt showed similar as big of a threat as running a red results. 43% of respondents usually traffic light (97% of respondents), Activities that disrupt attention during fasten their safety belt when riding on whereas the proportion of people driving a bus, provided that a safety belt is who find texting very dangerous has Sending texts and writing posts on the present. increased 5%. The overall attitude phone and reading thereof is that using the phone while driving is considered the most dangerous Fastening of the safety belt in dangerous has increased as well attention-disrupting activity during passenger cars has remained high for (79% of respondents, 44% of whom driving. years, using the safety belt on the consider use of the telephone back seat has been somewhat lower without a hands-free device a 69% of drivers use their phone while and more subject to fluctuation over serious threat). However, exceeding driving. 15% of all drivers use their the years. The proportion of persons the permitted speed limit is phone often, whereas 53% of drivers who fasten the safety belt on a bus considered far less dangerous on do it sometimes. 43% of phone users has been constantly growing over the the same scale. The proportion of always or usually use a hands-free years. Awareness regarding the safety persons who consider exceeding the device (40% in 2017), whereas 22% belt obligation on the bus has also speed limit by more than 10 km/h as (23%) hold the phone in their hand improved. dangerous has reduced from 89% to while driving. The proportion of hand- 76% in the last two years, and only held phones has decreased by 9% in Giving way to a pedestrian on an 29% of respondents find such the last three years. unregulated pedestrian crossing behaviour very dangerous. The proportion of drivers who give 1. ATTITUDES AND Adherence to the permitted speed limit way to pedestrians is 60%, remaining 30% drivers (25% in 2017) adhere to at the same level as in 2017 (59%). BEHAVIOUR OF the permitted speed limit on main Giving way to pedestrians was DRIVERS OF MOTOR roads and 40% (35%) on smaller observed on unregulated pedestrian roads. On main roads, 30% of drivers crossings in Talllinn, Tartu, Narva and VEHICLES AND exceed the permitted speed limit by Pärnu. PASSENGERS over 5 km/h, whereas 4% of them exceed the limit by over 10 km/h. On 49% of pedestrians believe that giving Compliance with tra c lights by smaller roads, 20% of drivers exceed way on unregulated pedestrian drivers of motor vehicles the permitted speed limit by over crossings has improved in the last Studies on attitudes and behaviour of road users

48 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 couple of years. Nearly half of reflex reflector. No changes have between 6% and 10%), while men were pedestrians said that they are given occurred in the habit of wearing the most likely to ignore the traffic light way by the first approaching car. The reflex reflector in recent years. At the (proportion of non-compliers 13% on estimates of pedestrians were also same time, the proportion of people average). similar in 2017. 75% of drivers (69% who consider wearing a reflex in 2017) who participated in the reflector extremely necessary has Use of safety equipment while cycling survey said that they are always increased, reaching 87% among 80% of children (75% in 2017) and 29% willing to stop before a pedestrian adult road users (83% in 2017). of adults (25%) usually or often wear a crossing if there is even at least one helmet while cycling. Regardless of the pedestrian waiting to cross the road. In the case of visibility increasing requirements set out in the Traffic Act, equipment, quality and compliance 10% of children who ride their bicycle with requirements are essential, never wear a helmet. According to 2. ATTITUDES AND however, the last survey showed parents, the main reasons for their BEHAVIOUR OF that attention to the CE-marking of children not wearing a helmet were reflex reflectors has decreased by that they do not like to wear it and that PEDESTRIANS AND 7% (fixed at 20% in 2016). they ride their bike in mostly safe CYCLISTS places in their parents' opinion. Compliance with tra c lights by Use of reflex reflectors and other pedestrians 46% of children (42% in 2017) and equipment that make pedestrians Compliance with traffic light 26% of adults (31% in 2017) usually or more visible requirements was observed at often wear a safety waistcoat or other 68% of adults usually wear a reflex regulated pedestrian crossings and clothing that improve their visibility reflector or other equipment to intersections in Tallinn, Tartu, Pärnu, when riding a bike. The situation has make themselves more visible Narva and Jõhvi. An average of improved in terms of children in (flashlight, safety waistcoat, etc.) 10% of pedestrians (16% in 2017) comparison with 2017, whereas the during night-time, whereas 18% ignored traffic light requirements same indicator has declined among said they wear something like that during a red light. Women, children adult cyclists. During night-time, fairly often. 6% of adults never wear and the elderly were less likely to 84% of cyclists have a white light in a reflex reflector 85% of parents cross the road during a red traffic the front of their bike and 75% have a claim their children always wear a light (proportion of non-compliers red light in the rear.

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 49 n 2018, the amount of operations carried out at Road Administration Iservice bureaus decreased by 7%, whereas the share of operations carried out via the e-service increased by 23% in comparison with last year. The customer service was called on 118,973 occasions and information was provided via e-mail on 94,091 occasions. attendant. The customer service attendant enters the data and prints out the application form. This change was also awarded the title of the Deed of the Year in that area. Clients remained satisfied with the with blue ones and all service service provided by our service employees now wear the new Even though the number of persons bureaus as well as with the e-service uniform. The development of the renewing their driving licence environment. The service index of uniform took two years: the initial continued to decrease, it did not service bureaus was 86% and the designing took place in 2017 and affect the work load of service recommendation index of the the uniform was completed in bureaus. Approximately 70% of e-service 89%. 2018. Unlike before, all customer driving licences are renewed via service attendants received a full e-service, whereas at the service Service bureaus uniform: women received bureau, the procedure takes up less As of autumn 2018, the working everything from a skirt to a scarf time than other operations. hours of service bureaus have been and men received everything from harmonised. Thanks to queue pants to a tie clip. Information Centre statistics and a survey that we The employees of the Information conducted, we knew that the visiting In the end of November, the Centre were required to broaden habits of our clients had changed Rakvere service bureau moved in their knowledge on several and that the first half of working days with representation unit and occasions over the year. Several new is now preferred over bureaus being customer service attendants could topics arose in the beginning of open on a Saturday. Most operations not be happier with the change. 2018, such as public transport fines were conducted on Tuesdays, This also marked the conclusion of and appointment of vehicles for whereas visitors only took up a the project, under which all units work travels, based on amendments couple of hours on Saturdays. In of the Road Administration that to the Income Tax Act. Furthermore, order to level waiting times across all were located separately in small calls regarding the road toll were days of the week, we changed the towns were moved under one roof. also directed to the Information service hours of Tartu, Pärnu and Centre as of December. A year has Saue bureaus. People reacted to the The biggest change in 2018 was passed from the start of the change rather positively, as bureaus certainly the amendment of forms collection of road toll and the filled with clients, however, we did regarding operations with vehicles. awareness of clients has improved, still hear a few complaints. Operation regarding a vehicle is therefore the Road Administration finalised by a customer service stopped outsourcing the telephone In the second half of the year, the attendant at the bureau in the service. lime green shirts of our customer form of an interview: the client service attendants were replaced provides necessary documents, The declining trend of incoming data and states their wish to the calls continued in 2018, the Customer service

50 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 customer service number was called number of information enquiries bureaus, the difference was a 2% less than in 2017. increased by 9.5%. shocking 6%.

The number of e-mails reduced as a The contribution of employees of This growing trend stems from two result of hard work. Even though the service bureaus in answering calls changes: firstly, as of spring, the e- number of e-mails sent increased and e-mails increased significant- service can be used to claim around 8% in the last three years, ly: 22% of calls 78% e-mails ownership of or initiate transfer of the figure declined by 5% in 2018. received answers by service ownership in regard to vehicles with bureaus. a transferred status, and secondly, The number of forwarded procedural great cooperation with leasing supporting documents, such as E-service companies. We agreed that leasing lease contract conclusion acts, sales The Road Administration's companies choose to initiate contracts, consents of authorised e-service was used by nearly procedures and finalise letters of users, decreased by 9%, and the 1.3 million users on 6.3 occasions. authorisation via e-service. In decline was especially noticeable in Use of the e-service increased by addition, the Road Administration the last quarter (26%). This is the 64%, exceeding the estimate by does not require supporting result of training and cooperation 6%. documents in cases where the with leasing companies. If a leasing procedure is finalised at a service company has initiated transfer of The increasing use of electronic bureau. ownership in the e-service, the Road customer service was spurred on Administration does not require by the growing number of owner- The Road Administration is still the supporting documents even if the ship change operations conducted top notifier in Estonia, as we sent a operation is finalised at a service in the e-channel. December of last total of 1.5 million notices or bureau. year marked the first time when reminders to our clients throughout more ownership changes were the year. The new generation of clients prefers performed in the e-service than at to receive information via e-mail, the

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 51 Satisfaction of people taking the driving test

66% 68% 62% 64% 018 was very 57% 58% 41% 43% 44% busy in the area 39% of examination

2017 2018

2018 2017 2015 2016

2017 2018 2 2015 2016 and involved implemen- Service Structure Satisfaction with the tation of various future- driving school

oriented processes. instructor as well as in implemen- training has reached a certain In 2017, we initiated ting theoretical knowledge into stability and there are increasingly practice. This is also confirmed by more motivated and capable driver amendments to the numbers. candidates taking the practical examination process, driving test. Numerous meetings In 2018, the Examination Centre with driving schools and open exercises and assess- carried out 36,085 practical driving communication have made a huge ment, which should exams across all categories. The contribution. We are also glad to see enter into force in 2019. percentage of success remained at that our clients are increasingly around 50%, being similar to that of happy with the process of practical previous years. 58% of driver driving tests and the examiners. candidates passed their practical driving test on their first try. The success level of theory test is We made a presentation at the CIECA continuously worrisome at 66% in congress in Belfast, in which we The category B practical driving test, 2018. The ability to read and focused on the fact that in today's which is the most common category, understand questions as well as the world, it is no longer possible to was carried out on 26,830 occasions description of the situation has become a driver in 24 hours. Currently, and 43% of driver candidates passed proved problematic for driver it is actually necessary to spend just the test. The share of persons who candidates. as many hours in driving school. This passed their practical driving test on is clearly insufficient as the exam the first try was 50%. The year 2018 will also go down in results exhibit substantial history with a negative record in that shortcomings in driving skills, It has become noticeable in the last 719 driver candidates failed to show kilometres travelled, driving with an two years that the area of driver up to their practical driving test and 359 driver candidates to their theory Exams test.

52 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 Number applications for the issue of a certificate of competence in the period from June to December

600

500

400

300

200

100

2016 2017 2018 2016 2017 2018

2016 2017 2018

2016 2017 2018 2016 2017 2018

2016 2017 2018 2016 2017 0 2018 June July August September October November December

he new Road for training motor vehicle drivers submitted data regarding the was dropped. completed professional or Transport Act continuous training to the Road entered into force Organisers of trainings underwent Administration. T a 180-day transitional period to on 1 June 2018, the make their activities compliant Persons who are not compliant with biggest amendment to with legislation. After the the application requirements for an transitional period, Road Estonian driving licence, must still which was that the Administration has issued an apply for certificate of competence organisation of the activity licence to 19 driver training at the Road Administration upon organisers instead of the previous completing professional or training of drivers and 40 and five activity licences to continuous training. drivers transporting driver training organisers who train drivers transporting As of entry into force of the law, the dangerous goods as dangerous goods instead of the number of certificate of competence well as handling of previous six. applications has decreased by activity licence applica- nearly 60% in comparison with the The new Road Transport Act also two previous years. tions was transferred replaced the term “professional from the Ministry of certificate of a driver” with Replacement of a driving licence “certificate of competence” and an with a new one that includes the Economic Aairs and entry on completing professional code 95 along with a validity period Communications to the or continuous training shall now is cheaper and more convenient for also be made to the driving licence. people. Road Administration. This means that an international code 95 shall be entered onto the In addition, during domestic road driving licence along with the transport, drivers do not have to relevant validity period and there carry along a document verifying A periodical continuous training is no need to apply for a separate completion of professional or obligation for lectors of professional certificate of competence. continuous training if they have and continuous training was also their personal identification established. However, application of The code 95 shall be automatically document with them. Completion of an activity licence was simplified, as entered to the back of the person's professional or continuous training the requirement that driver training driving licence upon replacement, of drivers is checked on the basis of applicants must have a valid licence provided that the trainer has traffic register data. Activity licence for driver training

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 53 echnical Depart- Alert System for dangerous non- ment of the Road food products). The Road Administration handled a total of TAdministration 30 notices and the number of executes market recalled motor vehicles related to surveillance of motor Estonia was 147. vehicles, the aim of As of September 2018, the Road Administration began paying extra which is to ensure that attention to surveillance over non- the agricultural and compliant mini mopeds. Pursuant to the Regulation of the European forestry vehicles, and Parliament and of the Council, 2-wheel, 3-wheel and vehicles of category L must be 4-wheel vehicles that equipped with an EU type approval and data plate. It is prohibited to enter the market import non-compliant vehicles to comply with require- Estonia or to market or use such vehicles in Estonia. Technical inspection stations ments and are safe for In 2017, the Road Administration road users and trac. Pre-registration roadworthiness concluded a new technical tests of vehicles inspection contract, which In 2018, 44,734 pre-registration established the obligation to instal roadworthiness tests were carried cameras at technical inspection out, 3% more than in 2017. In 3,450 sites. Cameras must be installed in The Road Administration along with cases, the vehicle was assessed as the room where vehicles are the Tax and Customs Board executes non-compliant, i.e. deficiencies inspected and in a manner that the market surveillance at the national had to be removed for obtaining a vehicle and the operations carried border by verifying compliance of registration permit. out around it would be visible from motor vehicles imported. In 2018, the 136 contractual partners of the all angles throughout the inspection. Road Administration received Road Administration carried out Cameras were installed with the 19 notices regarding motor vehicles 40,451 pre-registration intention of making surveillance stopped by customs (total of roadworthiness tests, which is a more efficient and prevent 279 vehicles), in eight cases (50 3% growth in comparison with corruption related to roadworthiness vehicles) it was decided not to release 2017. tests as well as ensure that the the vehicles into free circulation. The vehicle is correct and present at the primary issue regarding non- As of 2018, bi-fuel gas vehicles can roadworthiness test. compliance was the lack of type be registered and data regarding approval. fuel consumption and emissions Technical inspection stations are can be marked, by using a new obliged to store recordings for 90 As of 2018, the Road Administration is WLTP methodology (worldwide days after the inspection, enabling cooperating with importers in regard harmonized light vehicles test sufficient time for the surveillance to recall notices of motor vehicles procedure), in a correct manner in team to check the circumstances concerning Estonia (mostly vehicles the traffic register, as the traffic relating to the roadworthiness testing of category L), and forwards reply register was reorganised and new of vehicles, if necessary. notices to the RAPEX system (Rapid data fields were adopted. The Road Administration is planning

Market surveillance of motor vehicles

54 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 to increase the efficiency of surveillance even more by automatising it, as starting from Surveillance results Pre-registration 1 January 2020, camera systems at in the area of motor vehicles roadworthiness technical inspection stations must and tractors 2018 tests By Road be equipped with a system that Year Administration By partners detects the registration plate of a Number of procedures 12 vehicle. 2013 51,012 27,974 Number of attention-drawing 1 notices prepared In 2018, the Technical Department 2014 45,834 30,504 submitted 69 claims for obtaining a Number of administrative 1 recording to technical inspection procedure notices prepared 2015 43,965 31,309 sites. In 30 cases, the attention of the Number of enquiries/tips 10 technical inspection site was drawn received from consumers/ 2016 42,472 35,644 to issues discovered after reviewing entrepreneurs 2017 43,373 39,098 recording. There were also 13 cases Number of protocols 7 in which technical inspection prepared during national surveillance 2018 44,734 40,451 stations did not or were unable to provide requested recordings. During review of video recordings, the roadworthiness test of vehicles had been carried out correctly in 14 cases, whereas in 12 cases, it was discovery that the roadworthiness the same level as it was during the impossible to determine/verify test had been conducted in a sub- previous year. breaches based on the evidence standard and/or non-compliant provided. manner. The number of type codes increased by 1,151 type codes (total of 17,821 24 on-site inspections and 168 Trainings for technical inspectors type codes) in 2018 compared to the surveillance activities (requests for were held in spring and autumn in two previous years, incl. 1,524 single video recordings, clarifications, etc.) cooperation with the Police and approvals (growth 18.4%). The were carried out in the context of Border Guard Board and the number of applications for single administrative surveillance. A total Estonian Technical Inspectors approval of vehicles of category N3 of 59 attention-drawing notices were Association. During these trainings, has increased by 46% (from 127 to issued as part of surveillance 72 technical inspectors took their 236), however, it comes largely on the activities. practical accreditation exams, account of regular type approvals. however, 10 persons did not pass. The reason is that most assembled The quality of roadworthiness tests 86% of test takers passed on their trucks do not have European type at technical inspection stations has first try. approval. The annual growth of type improved after the installation of codes also derives from the fact that recording devices. The awareness of Reconstruction and type code of the start date of national type people has also improved, resulting vehicles approvals does not change, i.e. each in numerous tips to the Road The reconstruction of 672 vehicles year adds an another year's worth of Administration. Unfortunately, was recorded in 2018. The number type codes. several tips have also led to the of reconstructions has remained at

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 55 here were a total of 1,120,570 vehic- Vehicles registered for the first time 2014–2018 Tles, 33,547 of which were water crafts, Ship with an overall length of less than 12 m Motor vehicle trailer Bus registered in the trac Personal watercraft Mobile machinery O-road vehicle register as at the end of Motorcycle and moped Passenger car Tractor Tractor trailer Heavy goods vehicle Recreational craft 2018. Passenger cars

comprise the largest part 80,000 (69%) with 746,464 registered vehicles. 70,000

60,000 The most popular passenger car brands are Volkswagen, Audi, Toyota, 50,000 Ford and BMW. Their proportion among registered passenger cars constitutes nearly 43%. 40,000

50,432 passenger cars, 26,299 of 30,000 which were new, were entered into the register in 2018. The figure 20,000 showed a slight increase in comparison with last year. A total of 73,836 vehicles and 1,372 water crafts 10,000 were registered in 2018, over a half of which were new. 0 Primary Including Primary Including Primary Including Primary Including Primary Including new new new new new 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Vehicles

56 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 Vehicles registered for the first time across years

Including new Including used 70,000

60,000

50,000

40,000

30,000

20,000

10,000

0 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Registered vehicles

Up to 2 years Recreational craft 3–5 years Heavy goods vehicle 6–10 years Older than 10 years Tractor trailer

Tractor

Passenger car

Motorcycle and moped

O-road vehicle

Mobile machinery

Personal watercraft

Bus

Motor vehicle trailer

Ship with an overall length As of 31 December 2018 of less than 12 m Includes vehicles with a 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% suspended register entry.

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 57 n 2018, the Road Administration gave out trac safety awards for Ithe tenth time.

The traffic safety awards of the Road Administration have been granted since 2009. The aim of the award is to value and provide recognition for persons and organisations who have stood out due to their personal example, professional or social activities in the area of traffic education organisation or development of traffic safety. The winners were selected by the Road Administration's committee. Traffic safety awards were granted to the following people and institutions:

TRAFFIC SAFETY AWARD FOR AWARD OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT: TRAFFIC SAFETY EVENT: Ÿ Saaremaa municipality Northern region: Ÿ Theme week“Learning tra c in tra c” by the TRAFFIC SAFETY AWARD FOR Tallinn Nurmenuku kindergarten RESPONSIBLE COMPANY: Southern region: Ÿ Research paper and trainings for co-students on Ÿ Gjensidige insurance the topic of making oneself visible by Kasper Suur, TRAFFIC SAFETY 8th grade student at Ülenurme Gymnasium. Eastern region: SURPRISE OF THE YEAR: Ÿ Tra c week of libraries in Lääne-Viru county Ÿ Delfi's social campaign and call to action for drivers Ÿ Tra c safety related family days at the Rakvere “Do not read and drive!” Triinu kindergarten Ÿ The master class of making oneself visible and Western region: exhibition “Illumination” organised by the Ÿ Marking the tra c square at Pärnu kindergarten Estonian Academy of Arts Pöialpoiss by RoadWolf OÜ TRAFFIC SAFETY EXEMPLAR: TRAFFIC SAFETY AWARD FOR Ÿ Tartu Kivilinna School TEACHERS: AWARD FOR Northern region: Ÿ Marika Laanes (Padise School) TRAFFIC SAFETY PARTNER: Southern region: National: Ÿ Elle Tikkop (Värska Gymnasium) Ÿ Aigar Vaigu and “Rakett 69” (Rocket 69) Ÿ Katrina Tammistu and Mart Koll Northern region: (Oskar Lutsu Palamuse Gymnasium) Ÿ Riina Jõgi (Mustamäe District Administration) Ÿ Merle Väliste, Katrin Vaher, Kettli Arand Southern region: (Tartu Vocational Education Centre) Ÿ Alar Sadam, Taivo Rosi, Erko Sibul Eastern region: (Police and Border Guard Board) Ÿ Tiina Guutmann (Roosna-Alliku Basic School) Ÿ Sirje Madisson Ÿ Vahur Kalind (Kadrina Upper Secondary School) (Society of Friends of the Estonian National Museum) Western region: Eastern region: Ÿ Helge Üprus (Haapsalu City Primary School) Ÿ Alo Lõoke (SA Eesti Terviserajad) Ÿ Terje Pahk (Kilingi-Nõmme Gymnasium) Western region: Ÿ Ulvi Kipper (Muhu Basic School) Ÿ Jaak Värnik (Viljandi Pensioners Union) SPECIAL AWARDS: Ÿ Kreaatorid OÜ, (design) friend of the Prevention Department of Road Administration Tra c safety Ÿ Responsible family Meldre awards

58 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 In spring, attention was drawn to the The“Even a little is too much” drinking- danger of extraneous activities while themed campaign (from 4 June to 1 July) driving, after that attention was focused was held for the third time, the aim of which he Road on adhering to the speed limit and in the was to highlight, among road users, that beginning of summer, the focus was even a small amount of alcohol impacts the Administ- turned on the prevention of drunk driver's driving capabilities. Widespread ration carried driving. Before the start of school, it was myths that the breakdown process of T time to turn to parents to remind them alcohol can be forced by sleeping, out four nationwide how their role in children's traffic exercising, going to the sauna or taking a social campaigns education is indeed the greatest. In cold shower, or by drinking energy drinks or addition to four main campaigns, the coffee are in fact false. Driving and alcohol in 2018. Road Administration also collaborated do not belong together – alcohol remains in with the students of the Estonian the body much longer than anticipated and Academy of Arts to show that there are it is not possible to speed up the process in many creative ways to make oneself any way. visible. Road Administration carried out the first The aim of the second extraneous “You set the example so they know to watch activities campaign “If you are driving out!” campaign (from 22 August to then drive – nothing is more vital than 19 September), the aim of which was to life!” (from 12 March to 9 April) was to remind parents that they play an essential remind once again to all road users that role in developing their children's it is dangerous to engage in extraneous behaviour in traffic, and that they set an activities while driving and a person example for the children. All children must cannot perform two attention- know that it is essential to stop before demanding activities simultaneously crossing the road, look both ways and and without fault. The Mobile-Free Day ensure that it is safe to cross the road, as a was held as part of the campaign for the pedestrian as well as when they are riding third time, inviting people to keep from their bike. The Week of Travelling on Foot using their phone while driving. On that with Children was held from 31 August to day, the experts of the Prevention 7 September, inviting parents to travel on Department of Road Administration foot with their children as much as possible carried out trainings in various and show them how to cross the road companies and in collaboration with the safely. For the third time, 5th and 6th grade police, persons who were engaging in students set up reminders “Stop, look, make extraneous activities while driving and sure!” at road crossing points that they had were caught during traffic inspections in mapped themselves. various counties were offered to participate in an intervention training Furthermore, the Road Administration instead of being issued a fine. began cooperation with the Estonian Academy of Arts (EAA) and the awareness The 2018 speed campaign was part of campaign “Stand out! Use a classic or the “But I” role model campaign series creative reflector. It's up to you!” (from conducted in the context of Estonia's 25 October to 26 November) was carried out centenary, through which Estonian on the school's initiative. The campaign public authorities and private involved a photography campaign for enterprises facilitated and acted as role students, EAA students organised a models in making informed decisions reflector sculpture exhibition “Illumination” that create a safer living environment. and carried out workshops in schools The aim of the “But I watch my speed” across Estonia, in order to introduce (from 16 April to 13 May) campaign is to students to various ways to make oneself make road users aware of the dangers of visible in traffic. The campaign concluded significantly exceeding the speed limit in in the evening of 26 November with a built-up areas, especially in cities. reflector walk “Make friends with the Partners of the campaign, which was reflector!”, which was held for the fifth time. already held for the second time, were All campaigns were carried out in the Estonian Autosport Union and cooperation with the Police and Border auto24ring, who raffled a training and Guard Board, who contributed by exercising driving experience with Urmo Aava at supervision as well as by spreading the the auto24ring track to one lucky speed messages. watcher. Tra c safety campaigns

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 59 he largest culture Exhibitions and research consulted on and compiled the station in South- The new 1,500 m2 exhibition content of the 1990s car culture building was completed in the exhibition. The exhibition came to life TEastern Estonia, summer. The primary project of the thanks to the common saving project the Estonian Road exhibition – “Control of of the museums. machinery” – was also completed Museum, was visited by in cooperation with OÜ Produk- Two exhibitions were completed for nearly 32,000 people in tsioonigrupp and experts in the the summer season of 2018 under the area. The guiding principle of the leadership of researcher Andres 2018. We are still an exhibition, which will be opened to Seene. “Like a headless chicken in important voice on the the public in summer 2019, is to traffic turmoil” shared the history of illustrate the mutual power traffic safety campaigns since 1930s. Estonian museum relations of humans and machinery The exhibition was open until landscape as a recorder through exhibitions on car culture, autumn, travelling to Narva castle traffic education and road thereafter, supporting the 100th and preserver of the machinery. The new building will anniversary party of the Road history of Estonian also ensure additional conference Administration in Saku Suurhall and roads, as well as a and cultural event grounds for the then transported to the Road museum. Administration building. partner and entertainer for the Estonian people In October, the museum was also a In 2017, divers retrieved from the partner for the “Self-made Estonia” River Emajõgi the steel girder detail as well as foreigners. joint exhibition in the Estonian belonging to the Rannu–Jõesuu National Museum. On the initiative bridge, which was completed in 1937 of curator Paavo Kroon, we and blown up during World War II. An Estonian Road Museum

60 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 exhibition on Jõesuu bridges was and beloved destination, and people museum's collections” which created along with its restauration do not even mind taking the longer introduced the collections at the and instalment to the outdoor area of trip to Varbuse in Põlva county. museum, “Time creature on the post the museum. This was supplemented road” which develops time skills and by a permanent exhibition on the One of the most eloquent and most concept of time, “Everyone has the history of steel bridges in Estonia. The visited events was certainly the right of way” which covers the history exhibitions were complemented with Estonia-wide Night of Museums of Estonian roads, as well as a two- deeper meaning by articles published “Party in the night”, which attracted part museum hour “Road Museum in magazines Imeline Ajalugu, a record number of 1,400 visitors. on wheels” that is carried out in TeeLeht and Transport ja Teed. The night also opened the summer schools and a history-themed season of the museums. experience programme “Good roads! Collections Have a great journey!” for adults. The In 2018, collections of the museum As one of the opinion leaders of the museum offered a total of eight increased by 728 units. Most south-eastern area, the museum educational programmes for target admissions consisted of records and had the chance to co-organise the groups starting with kindergarteners photographs. There were a total of South-Eastern Estonia's prejudice and concluding with adult learners. 43,389 items, photographs or records festival for the third time already. Moreover, various special in the collections of the museum at The opportunities and problems of programmes related to the folk the end of the year; 35,977 of those Estonian life were discussed and calendar and other holidays were are museum objects in the main debated across twelve thematic also carried out, programmes were collection. areas. also conducted outside the museum on 23 occasions. Most new museum objects have been Varbuse also serves as a location of received via transfer of assets and as summer plays for many culture In October 2018, the museum also donations. Most exciting of these are, lovers. Theatre Must Kast featured a participated in the main programme for instance, old road passports from family play „Mowgli“ and Theatre of the children and youth festival the archive of the Road Miksteater performed „Pagulased“ “Open playgrounds”. The festival Administration, archive materials (“Refugees”). resulted in the compilation of a play from the Tartu Car Repair Testing guide “100 significant things for road Factory or the first driver handbook in Education activities users”, which offered families an Estonian (most likely from 1920). 189 educational programmes were opportunity to get to know the implemented at the museum in museum's permanent exhibition Archive materials collected by the 2018, 78 of those were traffic “Good roads! Have a great journey!”. legendary road engineer and long programmes. Educational time Estonian Chief Engineer of Roads programmes were supplemented by Aadu Lass for the establishment of five museum hours. The curriculum the museum, as well as his hand- of basic schools and upper written speech and article texts were secondary schools was taken into admitted and systematised. account during the creation of new museum hours and the focus Aside from collection work, museums was on introducing various are also actively engaged in aspects of Estonian life preservation. Museum restorer Üllar through the history of Meho conserved the Jawa motorcycle, roads. New museum a dream ride for all young men in the hours added to the beginning of 1970s, and a carriage programme built before the Second World War. included the The collection of road construction “Let's peek machinery underwent corrosion into the control and paint repairs. In terms of works outside the museum, the complex restoration of the 1964 M-403, belonging to veteran road man Hans Gross, was continued and the restoration of a road marking machine based on GAZ-53 commenced as well. Both works are to be completed in the first half of 2019. Exhibition “Like a headless chicken in tra c turmoil: 80 years of tra c, tra c hazards and tra c education” was opened in the exhibition cellar of the museum. The exhibition addressed Visitor area the first tra c safety campaigns in Estonia, during which ballet 32,000 people who visited the artists dressed as headless chickens as well as oversized vodka Estonian Road Museum in 2018 show bottles as examples of ill behaviour were seen driving cars and that the museum is still an attractive carriages in various streets in larger cities.

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 61 contractors, by guiding and he Road teaching them. He has been a Administration great organisator during Surfacing Tand the Estonian Days. Asphalt Pavement Aadu Lifetime Achievement Association announced Prize was given to Aleksander Kaldas for his extensive, the first winners of the remarkable and committed Engineer Aadu Lass engineering work in the area of roads. Award in the Area of Roads in two categories Following his graduation from the Marek Koit Tallinn Polytechnical Institute in on 24 November 2018: 1965 in the speciality of motor Aadu Lifetime vehicle roads and bridges, Aleksander Kaldas applied his Achievement Prize and knowledge in engineering and Aadu Engineers Prize. experience in international relations in the development of the Estonian road management over the course of 43 years, The Aadu Engineers Prize was working at the National Road granted to Marek Koidu, who works Maintenance Organisation as the Construction Manager of alongside Aadu Lass. In the newly ÜLE OÜ, for his remarkable independent Estonia, Kaldas led achievements in ensuring the the development of the Road Act, development and sustainability of and design and technical norms, Aleksander Kaldas the area of roads. as well as draft supporting documents for the long-term Board for many years. He participated Marek Koit has been a developer and planning of road maintenance. As in the establishment of the road innovator of the Estonian surfacing a polyglot, Aleksander Kaldas engineer qualification at the Estonian market for 20 years. On his initiative, made a significant contribution to Qualifications Authority and shared ÜLE OÜ has also performed surfacing the establishment of international his engineering knowledge by holding works in Finland and Sweden, and relations between road workers in lectures at the TTK University of thanks to his ambitious activities, he is the Baltic countries, Poland and Applied Sciences. also a trendsetter for other road Nordic countries, as well as with construction companies in alternative global road organisations IRF and The recipients of the award were markets. PIARC. Aleksander Kaldas chosen by a 9-member award jury represented Estonia in initiating convened by the Estonian Asphalt ÜLE OÜ also founded OÜ Pigipada, the Via Baltica transnational road Pavement Association and the Road which manufactures bitumen corridor project. Administration, consisting of Martti emulsions as well as bituminous Kiisa from TTK UAS, Andrus Aavik from binders for the production of foam During the difficult 1990s, TalTech, Ilmar Link from the Estonian bitumen used in stabilisation works. Aleksander Kaldas was the key Utilities Association, Olari Valter, Kuno Currently, Pigipada produces over figure during negotiations for Männik and Hannes Vaidla from the 50% of the required production in receiving additional funding for Road Administration, Taivo Möll, Estonia, while also realising its road works from the World Bank Tarmo Trei and Sven Pertens from the produce in the Republic of Finland. and the Nordic Investment Bank Estonian Asphalt Pavement Marek Koit has acted as the founder as via foreign assistance program- Association. well as developer of the emulsion mes. factory. The aim of the award is to promote the Aleksander Kaldas was a founding profession of road engineer, recognise He has made it his mission to guide member of the Estonian Asphalt professional activities and remarkable the progress of the Estonian surfacing Pavement Association and has achievements as well as the market by sharing his experience with guided the cooperation of road engineers who have committed and his colleagues, incl. clients and other companies as its Chairman of the made a significant contribution to the area of roads.

Engineer Aadu Lass Aadu Lass, after whom the newly created award was named, worked with Estonian roads for 50 years. He spend 33 years as the Chief Engineer Award of Estonian roads, acting as the technical manager of the road in the Area of Roads network during its most turbulent times. 62 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 2018 DEED OF THE YEAR Construction of Luige–Saku four-lane road section on the Tallinn ring road along with the Saustinõmme road overpass in cooperation with Rail Baltic Rail Baltic Estonia OÜ and the Road Administration entered into an agreement in accordance with a road overpass, under which the Rail Baltic route will pass, shall be constructed along with the development of the Tallinn ring road Luige–Saku section. Pursuant to the agreement, the construction of the intersection is funded by Rail Baltic. It is the first real construction object on the main route of Rail Baltic, and construction will commence in 2019.

Implementation of the variable message signs project “SMART E67” SMART E67 is a joint project between Estonia and Latvia, under which various roadside intelligent technology solutions for traffic management, monitoring and notification of road users shall be installed on Estonian and Latvian sections of the Via Baltica route (E67) between 2017 and 2019. The aim of the project is to make travelling on an international road with high traffic volumes safer and smoother, as well as decrease travel times. The cooperation of the Information Technology Department and the Traffic Management Department has resulted in the instalment of necessary equipment and the software shall also be set up in the near future.

Abandonment of paper application forms in service bureaus (operations regarding vehicles) Clients of the Road Administration, especially vehicle owners and other applicants, are no longer required to fill out paper forms at service bureaus. The client approaches a customer service attendant who will clarify the nature of the operation that the client wishes to execute, and the system shall prepare the relevant application, which the client shall then sign. This saves a significant amount of time for the client.

Popularisation of the profession of road engineer The community of road engineers is a very tight community with a long history, however, a serious issue has developed in the last couple of years for the Road Administration as well as companies engaged in road maintenance, as there is a shortage and insufficient succession of road engineers. In the spring, the Road Administration launched a programme “Engineers back to school” in order to popularise the profession of engineering. During the programme, road engineers introduce their professional journey and development and career opportunities in the area of road construction at Estonian upper secondary schools. A total of 35 volunteer engineers from the Road Administration as well as the public sector have joined the project. We have also began collaboration with 30 schools this year.

2018 PERSON OF THE YEAR Andres Urm – Head of the Planning Department During his ten years at the Road Administration, Andres has constantly contributed to the development of the organisation, developing new principles and solutions, as well as introducing them to the public. He cares about the image of Road Administration and is always willing to explain and talk positively of our plans and solutions. Clear principles, common grounds and equal treatment are extremely important for Andres.

Road Administration's deeds and persons of 2018

ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 63 Hannes Vaidla – Head of Road Maintenance Department for Western Region Hannes is one of our most experienced employees in the road area. He has committed his whole conscious life to the Road Administration, day or night. He is always willing to take the lead when something important needs to get done. Therefore, he is in charge of road maintenance monitoring, updating principles and introduction of road maintenance outside the organisation.

Annika Kitsing – Head of Personnel Department Annika has launched and managed two projects of national importance. She founded the road engineer Aadu Lass engineering award in the road area and the lifetime achievement award, which will be awarded for the first time this year. She also launched the “Engineers back to school” project, which aims to introduce the profession of road engineer to students at the upper secondary level.

Kerli Tallo – Head of Prevention Department Kerli has maintained the portfolio on extraneous activities since the Road Administration began addressing issues in this area in 2015. Extraneous activities, which three years ago were largely considered a pseudo-problem, have begun to receive increasingly more attention thanks to Kerli's bright ideas and contribution (trainings, competitions, study materials, children's song, etc.) Positive changes have begun to take place in people's attitudes, and as of this year, also in their behaviour. In 2018, she was awarded the highest recognition in the area of railway safety – the OLE award.

EXAMINER OF THE YEAR Mart Meltsov It has been said that the exams he carries out are the example by which others could and should act.

BEST PRE-REGISTRATION INSPECTOR Madis Tampere Madis Tampere has worked in the Tartu service bureau since the beginning of 2016. In three years, Madis Tampere has reached a professional level in his work as a pre- registration inspector, praised by colleagues as well as clients. His pre-registration inspection acts stand out by their neatness and accuracy. The number of pre- registration inspection operations performed by Madis Tampere is the highest at the Tartu service bureau region. Madis Tampere approaches his work in a principled manner. He is valued by clients as an excellent consultant.

BEST CUSTOMER SERVICE ATTENDANT Liina Vöörmann Liina is a great communicator and can easily connect with clients as well as colleagues. Liina's biggest strengths are her systematic nature and the warmth with which she helps new employees settle in. Her students have received praise during accreditation, as their basic training is systematic and they are great at mapping clients' needs. Liina is friendly, she is caring towards her colleagues and always willing to and focused on helping her clients.

64 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION / YEARBOOK 2018 ESTONIAN ROAD ADMINISTRATION

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