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The Last Supper Christ’s Passion in Art Visual Arts Ministry 2020.04.19 Bernard Bell Peninsula Bible Church Cupertino Holy Week • Palm Sunday • Ascension Day (Thursday, 40 days after Easter) • Maundy Thursday • Pentecost Sunday (50 days) • Good Friday • Holy Saturday • Easter Sunday Holy Week • Palm Sunday The Passion • Maundy Thursday • Agony in the Garden • Good Friday • Betrayal & Arrest • Holy Saturday • Trials before Caiaphas, Pilate • Easter Sunday • Sentence • Ascension Day • Way to the Cross (Thursday, 40 days after Easter) • Crucifixion • Pentecost Sunday (50 days) • Burial Sant’Apollinare di Nuovo, Ravenna (504) Byzantine mosaic l. 12th–m. 13th cent. Monreale Cathedral Palermo, Sicily Washing Feet Last Supper Arrest wikimedia commons Byzantine mosaic l. 12th–m. 13th cent. Monreale Cathedral Palermo, Sicily Crucifixion Deposition Entombment wikimedia commons Byzantine mosaic l. 12th–m. 13th cent. Monreale Cathedral Palermo, Sicily Doubting Thomas Noli me tangere wikimedia commons Duccio, Maestà 1308-11, Siena Duccio di Buoninsegna (c. 1255–c. 1318) WGA Front Back Duccio, Maestà 1308-11, Siena Duccio di Buoninsegna (c. 1255–c. 1318) post-resurrection appearances Passion Temptation & Miracles Back WGA Duccio, Maestà 1308-11, Siena Duccio di Buoninsegna (c. 1255–c. 1318) The Passion Cycle WGA Giotto, Arena Chapel 1303-05, Padua Giotto di Bondone (c.1267–1337) Entry into Jerusalem The Last Supper Expulsion of the Money-Changers Judas Being Paid Washing the Feet Giotto Arena Chapel Arrest Mocking Crucifixion Christ before Caiaphas Road to Calvary Lamentation Entry to Jerusalem Duccio, Maestà WGA Entry to Jerusalem Giotto, Scrovegni Chapel Expulsion of the Money-changers Entry to Jerusalem from the Temple wikimedia commons The Last Supper mosaic, e. 6th cent. St Augustine Gospels, l. 6th cent. San Apollinare Nuovo, Ravenna Corpus Christi College, Cambridge wikimedia commons Corpus Christi College The Last Supper Byzantine mosaic l. 12th–e. 13th cent. Monreale Cathedral, Sicily wikimedia commons The Last Supper Duccio Giotto WGA wikimedia commons The Last Supper Duccio, Maestà WGA Washing the Feet Duccio Giotto WGA wikimedia commons The Last Supper Stefano di Antonio Vanni fresco, c. 1454, Florence wikimedia commons The Last Supper Stefano di Antonio Vanni fresco, c. 1454, Florence wikimedia commons Eucharist Fra Angelico, Institution of the Eucharist 1438/42 San Marco cell 45, Florence WGA Leonardo da Vinci il Cenacolo The Last Supper c. 1495, Milan Bartholomew Judas Thomas Matthew James the Less Peter James the Greater Judas Taddeus Andrew John Philip Simon wikimedia commons Leonardo da Vinci il Cenacolo The Last Supper c. 1495, Milan Judas Thomas Peter James the Greater John Philip wikimedia commons Sadao Watanabe The Last Supper 1913–1996 1966 1973 CIVA The Mystical Supper ὁ μυστικός δείπνος The Passion • Agony in the Garden • Betrayal & Arrest • Trials before Caiaphas, Pilate • Sentence • Way to the Cross • Crucifixion • Descent from the Cross / Deposition • Burial / Entombment The Agony in the Garden Duccio, Maestà (1308-11) WGA Agony in the Garden Fra Angelico Agony in the Garden cell 34, San Marco, Florence Olga’s Gallery Duccio, Maestà (1308-11) Betrayal & Arrest WGA Betrayal & Arrest WGA Betrayal & Arrest Giotto, Scrovegni Chapel (1303-05) wikimedia commons Arrest Fra Angelico Arrest of Christ cell 33, San Marco, Florence wikimedia commons Christ Before Annas Christ Before Annas Duccio, Maestà Peter Denying Jesus WGA Christ Before Caiaphas Giotto Duccio wikimedia commons WGA Duccio, Christ Mocked Maestà (1308-11) WGA Duccio, Christ Before Pilate Maestà (1308-11) WGA Duccio, Christ Before Pilate Maestà (1308-11) Christ Accused by the Pharisees Pilate’s First Interrogation of Christ WGA Duccio, Christ Before Herod Maestà (1308-11) WGA Duccio, Christ Before Pilate Maestà (1308-11) Christ Before Pilate Again WGA Duccio, Christ Before Pilate Maestà (1308-11) Flagellation Crown of Thorns WGA Mocking Giotto, Scrovegni Chapel (1303-05) wikimedia commons Mocking Fra Angelico Mocking of Christ with the Virgin and St Dominic cell 7, San Marco, Florence wikimedia commons Mocking Hieronymus Bosch Christ Mocked (The Crowning with Thorns) c. 1510 National Gallery, London NG London Duccio, Christ Before Pilate Maestà (1308-11) Pilate Washing his Hands WGA Ecce Homo Pilate went out again and said to them, “See, I am bringing him out to you that you may know that I find no guilt in him.” So Jesus came out, wearing the crown of thorns and the purple robe. Pilate said to them, “Behold the man (L. Ecce homo)!” (John 19:4-5) Antonio Ciseri, Ecce Homo (1871) Museo Cantonale d’Arte, Lugano wikimedia commons The Way of the Cross mosaic (504) Sant’Apollinare Nuovo, Ravenna The Road to Calvary Giotto Duccio WGA The Stations of the Cross 1. Jesus is condemned to death 2. Jesus receives his Cross 3. Jesus falls for the first time under his cross 1-9 on via Dolorosa / via Crucis 4. Jesus meets his afflicted mother 10-14 in Church of Holy Sepulchre 5. Simon of Cyrene helps Jesus carry the cross 6. Veronica wipes the face of Jesus 7. Jesus falls the second time 8. Jesus speaks to the women of Jerusalem 9. Jesus falls the third time 10. Jesus is stripped of his clothes 11. Jesus is nailed to the cross 12. Jesus dies on the cross 13. Jesus is taken down from the cross 14. Jesus is placed in the tomb Veil of Veronica Ridolfo Ghirlandaio (1483–1561) The Procession to Calvary (c. 1505) National Gallery, London NG London Veil of Veronica Master of Veronica Hans Memling Saint Veronica with the Sudarium (c. 1420) Saint Veronica (c. 1470) National Gallery, London National Gallery of Art, Washington DC NG London wikimedia commons Veil of Veronica Francisco Zurburán The Veil of Saint Veronica (c. 1635) Nationalmuseum, Stockholm Nationalmuseum The Way to the Cross Hieronymous Bosch (c. 1450-1516) Christ Carrying the Cross c. 1530-40 Museum of Fine Arts, Ghent wikimedia commons Warner Sallman Head, Head of Christ (1940) The Stations of the Cross Michael O’Brien Duccio, Crucifixion Maestà (1308-11) WGA Crucifixion Giotto WGA Crucifixion Fra Angelico Crucifixion with the Virgin, the Magdalene and St Dominic cell 25, San Marco, Florence wikimedia commons Christ of St John of the Cross Salvador Dalí, 1951 St Mungo Museum of Religious Art and Life, Glasgow Crucifixion sketch, St John of the Cross c. 1550 The Crucifixion Mathias Grünewald, Isenheim Altarpiece 1512-16, Colmar wikimedia commons The Crucifixion Graham Sutherland, 1946 St Matthew’s Church, Northampton, UK The Crucifixion James Tissot (1836–1902) What Our Lord Saw from the Cross Brooklyn Museum Agnus Dei Francisco de Zurbarán (1598-1664) The Bound Lamb (Agnus Dei) Museo del Prado, Madrid wikimedia commons Deposition/Descent from the Cross The Deposition Ugolino di Nerio The Deposition (c. 1325) from altarpiece for Santa Croce, Florence National Gallery, London NG London Deposition/ Descent from the Cross Peter Paul Ruben Descent from the Cross (1612-14) Cathedral of Our Lady Antwerp, Belgium wikipedia commons Sadao Watanabe Jesus on the Cross (1976) Descent from the Cross (1973) CIVA Arma Christi Instruments of the Passion Church of Saint-Pierre de Collonges-la- rouge, France wikimedia commons wikimedia commons Hubert & Jan Van Eyck, Adoration of the Mystic Lamb, Ghent Altarpiece Adoration of the Lamb Hubert & Jan Van Eyck Adoration of the Mystic Lamb, Ghent Altarpiece (1420s) wikimedia commons Pietà Michaelangelo Pietà (1498-99) St Peter’s Basilica, The Vatican Lamentation Giotto, Scrovegni Chapel WGA Entombment Duccio, Maestà WGA Entombment Mathias Grünewald Lamentation and Entombment of Christ Isenheim Altarpiece (1512-16) Colmar, France wikimedia commons Dead & Buried Hans Holbein the Younger The Body of the Dead Christ in the Tomb (1520-22) Kunstmuseum, Basel wikimedia commons Man of Sorrows/ Akra Tapeinosis He was despised and rejected by men, a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief; and as one from whom men hide their faces he was despised, and we esteemed him not. (Isaiah 53:3) Gk. akra tapeinosis (άκρα ταπείνωσις, Utmost Humiliation) The Man of Sorrows, 14th c. NG National Gallery, London Man of Sorrows/ Akra Tapeinosis He was despised and rejected by men, a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief; and as one from whom men hide their faces he was despised, and we esteemed him not. (Isaiah 53:3) Gk. akra tapeinosis (άκρα ταπείνωσις, Utmost Humiliation) l. 13th–e. 14th c. Russian icon Akra Tapeinosis The Sinai Icon Collection, Princeton Man of Sorrows The “De Grey” Hours (c. 1390) National Library of Wales wikimedia commons Descent in to Hell He descended into Hell (The Apostles’ Creed) WGA Descent into Hell Fra Angelico Christ’s Descent into Hell cell 31, San Marco, Florence wikimedia commons/WGA The Resurrection Anastasis (Resurrection) fresco (1316-21) Chora Museum Istanbul wikimedia commons Noli me tangere Jesus said to her, “Woman, why are you weeping? Whom are you seeking?” Supposing him to be the gardener, she said to him, “Sir, if you have carried him away, tell me where you have laid him, and I will take him away.” Jesus said to her, “Mary.” She turned and said to him in Aramaic, “Rabboni!” (which means Teacher). Jesus said to her, “Do not cling to me (L. noli me tangere )…” Duccio, Maestà WGA John 20:15-17 ESV Noli me tangere Giotto, Scrovegni Chapel wikimedia commons Noli me tangere Fra Angelico Noli me tangere cell 1, San Marco, Florence (1438-1443) wikimedia commons Noli me tangere Titian Noli me tangere (c. 1515) National Gallery, London NG London Emmaus Road When he was at table with them, he took the bread and blessed and broke it and gave it to them. And their eyes were opened, and they recognized him. (Luke 24:30-31) Caravaggio The Supper at Emmaus (1601) National Gallery, London wikimedia commons Sadao Watanabe Christ at Emmaus (1971) CIVA The Incredulity of Thomas “Put your finger here, and see my hands; and put out your hand, and place it in my side.
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