Institute for Fundamental Research in Separations Sciences

Institute for Fundamental Research in Separation Science (IFFRISS)

A Prospectus

September 10, 2015

This overview of the proposed organization, operation, and technical focus of IFFRISS is a work in progress. In the spirit of consensus essential for success, the Founding Members are invited to participate in finalizing the Institute’s structure and initial research projects.

Table of Contents Overview...... 1 State of the art ...... 3 Modeling ...... 4 Proposed Initial Research ...... 6 General approach ...... 6 Current list of proposed precompetitive projects ...... 7 Project 1: Modeling permeability and dispersion ...... 7 Project 2: Analysis of internal capture ...... 7 Project 3: Simulation of internal capture ...... 8 Project 4: Internal transport visualization ...... 8 Project 5: Pore structure measurement ...... 9 Project 6: First surface analysis ...... 9 Project 7: Concentrated sphere crossflow analysis ...... 10 Project 8: Visualization of shearing surface transport ...... 10 Project 9: Analysis of dilute ellipsoids in crossflow ...... 10 Project 10: Cross flow performance testing ...... 11 Example economic analysis projects ...... 11 Economics 1: Hydraulic fracturing water purification ...... 11 Economics 2: Cost optimization of cross flow shear rate ...... 11 Facilities ...... 13 Structure and Governance ...... 14 Funding ...... 17 Intellectual property ...... 18 References ...... 19 Appendix: Faculty Profiles ...... 22 Mark F. Hurwitz ...... 22 Lynden A. Archer ...... 23 Georges Belfort ...... 25 Lawrence M. Cathles III ...... 27 Geoffrey W. Coates ...... 29 Itai Cohen ...... 31 Olivier Desjardins...... 32 Menachem Elimelech...... 34 Fernando A. Escobedo ...... 36 i

Emmanuel P. Giannelis ...... 38 Ian M. Griffiths ...... 40 Tobias Hanrath ...... 42 Donald L. Koch ...... 44 Lena F. Kourkoutis ...... 45 Christopher K. Ober ...... 47 Colin P. Please ...... 49 Robert F. Shepherd ...... 51 Ulrich B. Wiesner ...... 52 Roseanna N. Zia ...... 54

Overview The Institute for Fundamental Research in Separation Science (IFFRISS) is dedicated to solving problems of crucial importance to the separations industry. In collaboration with Industrial Members, mathematical, computational, and experimental methods will be applied to understand the flow of complex fluids near and through porous media and to design new self-assembled materials enabling new separations processes and improved versions of current processes.

These inherently complicated problems are central to filtration, chromatography, coalescence, and other separation and purification processes which are in turn essential for clean air, clean water, biopharmaceutical and integrated circuit production, petrochemical refining, industrial waste remediation and many other socially and industrially important applications. The need for improving separation processes is highlighted by the National Academy of Engineering1 list of 14 “Grand Challenges for Engineering in the 21st Century”, two of which are clean water and improved medicines.

The goals of IFFRISS are to deliver value to our Industrial Members in the form of:

• Predictive and practical product design tools for separation materials, processes, and equipment; • Novel materials for previously unattainable applications; • Continual improvement of Members’ understanding of, and ability to apply, new developments in the separations sciences; and • Newly graduated scientists and engineers educated for careers in separations and related industries.

Open, precompetitive, research will be funded by pooled membership fees. It is anticipated this proof of industrial interest will eventually attract additional funding from government and other nonprofit agencies. The cost of each industrial membership is $50,000/year with a minimum three year commitment.

Separation problems are complex but generally have not elicited a high level of academic interest. As a result, the technology has evolved relatively slowly and commercial equipment design remains excessively dependent on expensive and time consuming iterative testing. At the same time, problems in oil exploration, energy storage, medicine, and human physiology, for example, have spurred significant academic the study of porous media, complex fluids (e.g. colloidal, macromolecular, and polymer suspensions), and self-assembly methods for nanostructured materials.

IFFRISS will apply and extend this research to solve problems for the separation industry. The Institute is housed within the Cornell University Center for Nanomaterials Engineering and Technology (CNET), a new open research laboratory in the College of Engineering. CNET is an

1 http://www.engineeringchallenges.org/cms/challenges.aspx 1

outcome of the large and continuing investment in complex fluid and self-assembled nanomaterials at Cornell and makes it possible for the Institute to conduct world class research supported by a modest investment in students, postdocs, and minor specific instrumentation.

The majority of the Institute faculty are in residence at Cornell and have globally recognized expertise in modeling, measurement and visualization of complex fluid flows, and in design, fabrication, and visualization of nanoparticles, and self-assembled materials.

IFFRISS has enlisted the support of Applied Mathematics faculty at Oxford University who have a long successful history of solving a broad range of industrial problems. Institute workshops based on their highly successful “Study Group” method will promote close collaboration between faculty and industrial members.

In addition, to ensure the Institute remains on the leading edge of membrane technology, the institute has among its faculty two members of the National Academy of Engineering. Professor Georges Belfort at RPI is an internationally recognized expert in biomolecular separations and protein interactions. Professor Menachem Elimelech at Yale is an internationally recognized expert in advanced filtration technologies for potable water treatment.

IFFRISS will achieve its goals through well targeted research projects and frequent interaction with Industrial Members. An initial set of mathematical and computational modeling as well as experimental visualization and characterization projects is described in this prospectus to give members a reasonable understanding of the vision for open, precompetitive research. The inaugural projects, from this list or not, will be selected in collaboration with the founding Industrial Members and within the limitations of available funding.

Precompetitive research will be useful to all members and stimulate beneficial discussion and collaboration. Industrial Members are also encouraged to invest, under suitable confidentiality and IP contracts, in research more likely to produce intellectual property, such as novel material development or consulting on product design issues.

Although it is not possible to predict a growth rate, IFFRISS is positioned with the right resources at the right time to attract a substantial Industrial Membership and become a major world center for separation science.

State of the art The fundamental physics and chemistry of separations operations enabled by porous media are reasonably well understood but three major challenges inhibit rapid process and product commercialization. First, the geometry of a porous material is extremely complicated which makes the ordinary engineering tools of fluid and solid mechanics difficult, if not impossible, to apply. Second, the fluid (liquid or gas) is complex, containing combinations of molecular solutes, suspended particles, or long chain polymers, often chemically or biologically active. Third, the internal surfaces of the porous medium are generally active in the sense that mixture constituents are affected by adsorption, ion exchange, and other surface interactions during transport.

Although technically very difficult, separation problems are generally viewed as belonging in the commercial rather than academic domain and have not generated as much research interest as might be expected. Fortunately, similar technical challenges dominate the study of transport in biological systems, oil and gas reservoirs, batteries and large scale capacitors, oceans and atmosphere, and many other systems impacting medicine, energy, and the environment. This has motivated a large amount of complex fluid modeling which is briefly reviewed below. A key driver for establishing IFFRISS now is this work is sufficiently mature that application and extension to industrial separations problems is feasible and will rapidly return concrete, valuable, results.

In parallel with efforts to understand complex fluids, research in fabrication of self-organized nanomaterials and visualization of nanostructured materials and flows has reached the point where novel material design and experimental confirmation of models is feasible. IFFRISS projects will incorporate these new technologies to further advance understanding of separation processes and rational materials design.

For example, Uli Wiesner at Cornell has demonstrated mechanically tough polymeric membranes with highly uniform pore structure (Phillip et al, 2011) and nanoporous metal nitride structures (Robbins et al, 2014). In addition to macroscopic materials with structure at the nanometer scale, a wide range of nanoparticles have been developed. Of particular interest are Cornell’s highly fluorescent C-dots (Ow, 2005) produced by the Wiesner group, which are finding successful application as highly specifically binding markers of tumor cells (Phillips, 2014) and Nano- Hybrid Organic Materials (NHOMs) developed by Lynden Archer (Agarwal, et al, 2010) which may be produced in specific and narrowly tuned sizes. Extremely inert fluorescent NHOMs particles are already finding use as low diffusion probes of oil and gas reservoirs (Kanj, et al 2011).

Among the many recent advances in microscopy, two are of especial interest and will be incorporated into IFFRISS research at an early stage. First, the “confocal rheoscope” developed by Itai Cohen (Lin et al, 2014) allows visible light imaging of three dimensional structure and motion of complex fluids in porous materials. The Institute will use this tool to explore separations phenomena directly and validate models. Second, Lena Kourkoutis has developed many useful techniques for improved resolution of electron micrographs and especially rapid cryo-freezing (Kourkoutis et al 2012) which allows nanometer resolution of the structure of biological and other hydrated materials that are hopelessly distorted by standard sample preparation methods. We expect these methods to be of great use in understanding the detailed structure of separations materials.

Modeling The literature on flow in porous media and complex fluids has grown dramatically since 1990. Figure 1 shows the result of a search for articles on the topics of "porous media", "complex fluids", or "suspension flow" in the Science Citations Index database of Web of ScienceTM and a search for articles which also include the topic “simulation”. Clearly, the dramatic increase in publication in the early 1990s is due to the explosion in simulation enabled by improved access to computational resources in the late 1980s.

The accelerating pace of publication may be attributed to the ongoing development of computationally efficient and accurate simulation methods, particularly “Molecular Dynamics” simulation of thermodynamic properties of complex fluids and solids (Frenkel and Smit, 2002), “Stokesian Dynamics” simulations of colloidal suspensions at low Reynolds number (Brady and Bossis, 1988), and Lattice Boltzmann simulations which allow efficient inclusion of fluid inertia (Ladd, 1994). 10,000 Most simulation articles are directed towards a general 8,000 understanding of suspension rheology (Stokesian Dynamics 6,000 and Lattice Boltzmann), giving All Articles detailed computational results 4,000 for highly idealized suspensions 2,000

of identical spheres or cylinders Number of Articles Simulations or providing phase diagrams for 0 polymer melts and self- 1980 1990 2000 2010 assembled structures (Molecular Publication Year Dynamics). Simulations of flow Figure 1. Science Citations Index in porous media are also generally focused on search "porous media", "complex highly ideal cases such as periodic arrays of fluids", or "suspension flow". identical spheres or cylinders, immersed in simple fluids. The remaining, non-simulation, portion of the literature is mainly dedicated to phenomenological models and experimental results useful for fitting empirical coefficients in specific applications. The best understood separations are those involving small molecule solutions without suspended particles where the phenomenological model is Ficke’s law of diffusion. The review by Shaffer et al (2015) of the performance of forward osmosis systems for water purification is a good example of the current state of this art.

Separations involving suspended particles (e.g. macromolecules, colloidal micelles, polymer chains, etc.) are more complicated. Hydrodynamic interactions among particles are important and the phenomenology is not as well developed as it is for small molecule solutes. Good reviews of the phenomenological modeling literature for flow of suspensions within porous media may be found in Brown (1993) and Volfkovich et al (2014).

Cross flow separations add yet more complication. In these processes the suspension velocity has a relatively large component parallel to the surface of the porous medium and a smaller component normal to the surface. The purpose of the parallel (or tangential) flow is to reduce the concentration of solute molecules or the thickness of the layer of rejected particles adjacent to the surface. If the solute is composed exclusively of small diffusing molecules, the concentration distribution near the porous surface can be very well characterized by a convective diffusion 4

equation with the assumption that the solution is well mixed in any turbulent regions of the channel. See for example van den Berg and Smolders (1992), Dhattacharya and Hwang (1997), and Nagy et al (2011). Other forces act on finite size suspended particles in a shear flow. Particles having random surface roughness exhibit hydrodynamic diffusion (Davis and Leighton 1987, Davis and Sherwood 1990). Spherical particles in a shear flow are known to experience a lift force directed away from the surface (Drew et al 1991). See the review by Belfort, Davis, and Zydney (1994) for a summary of phenomenological modeling including these effects. Other phenomena are likely to be revealed with further study. For example, Hurwitz and Brantley (2000) have shown that a shear flow on a porous surface can separate macromolecules by size at fluxes much too large to be explained by hydrodynamic lift or diffusion. It is not clear whether the cause is interactions among particles or between particles and the porous medium. As valuable as the literature is for a general understanding of broad concepts, product design continues to require multiple iterations of costly laboratory experimentation followed by field pilot study over periods of months, and occasionally years. Rapid screening methods are helping streamline this empiric approach but the definition of key design parameters and their relation to product performance remains difficult to quantify.

There is, however, a subset of the literature that can be exploited to develop a concrete and actionable understanding of separation processes that will make robust design methods practical for separations products. This work will be discussed in relation to the proposed research projects in the following section.

Proposed Initial Research General approach In this section a set of research projects are proposed to give prospective members a reasonable understanding of the Institute’s vision for precompetitive research. This set of projects when completed will produce valuable information for all Members and provide a strong foundation for future research. However, the specific set of inaugural projects, whether from this list or otherwise proposed, will be selected in collaboration with the founding Members and within the limitations of available funding. Rigorous fundamental research is essential to achieving IFFRISS goals. Independent exploration of many questions will be needed but must be orchestrated in a manner that returns significant value to the Members. It is expected the precompetitive research will be heavily weighted towards mathematical and computational modeling because such models will directly fill the void between desired separation performance and controllable material characteristics without being tied to any specific proprietary material or process. The most effective modeling strategy is to develop detailed numerical simulations in parallel with continuum models. The results of simulation will guide the formulation of systems of differential equations capturing reasonable approximations to the relevant phenomena. Asymptotic analysis, taking advantage of small dimensionless parameters, will produce useful special cases and in turn highlight areas where additional simulation is needed. Numerical simulation is a very useful tool for understanding the detailed behavior that needs to be captured in constitutive relations. It is, however, overly cumbersome when applied to product design. This is because very large numbers of simple elements must be simulated to generate a useful model. Even with massively parallel processing, the time required to compute results for a single set of initial and boundary conditions can easily exceed the time needed to build and test a prototype. Systems of continuum equations, on the other hand can be solved relatively quickly by numerical methods. They can also be simplified and used for quick “back of the envelope” calculations in the early stages of product design. Continuum models are also an important vehicle for transmitting new knowledge of separation processes to product development engineers. It is through these models that they will gain an appreciation of the relative importance of the many interrelated physical and chemical factors and will develop the instincts and “rules of thumb” necessary for commercial product development. Models are both inspired and validated by experiment so visualization and characterization studies, to be pursued in parallel with modeling, are proposed. Some of the experimental studies will require fabrication of self-assembled materials to test models for specific geometries. Research focused on novel fabrication methods or new commercial materials is expected to follow the initial projects as relevant key characteristics emerge and to be largely funded under contract for specific interested Members. Better understanding of fundamentals will certainly lead to significant improvements in materials, processes, and products. However, it is also clear that economic considerations dominate the fate of any new technology. Although it would be inappropriate to restrict fundamental research by any preconceived notion of economic outcome, the Institute will conduct economic analyses of commercial separations systems and novel separations processes to establish an appreciation of practical issues and stimulate creative problem solving. Two examples that may be of interest are

included as illustration. It is expected that Industrial Members will have many other examples suitable for open research. Current list of proposed precompetitive projects Project 1: Modeling permeability and dispersion It is proposed to develop mathematical models of permeability (relation between pressure gradient and fluid velocity) and dispersion (velocity deviation from mean contributing to apparent diffusion of passive tracers) for flow of a Newtonian fluid in porous media of arbitrary geometry by establishing the relationship between these transport properties and the characteristics of the geometry of the porous media. This will be a strong first step towards understanding the motion of complex fluids in arbitrary geometries and will be of direct benefit in, for example, design of depth filters, micro and ultra-filtration membranes, chromatographic media, and chromatography column packing processes. In current practice, permeability is typically modeled by the Carman-Kozeny phenomenological relation (Carman 1937) which treats flow passages as curved ducts with empirical factors applied to account for tortuosity and noncircular cross section. Dispersion is seldom distinguished from molecular diffusion although it is clear (see for example, Golimund, Elimelech, et al, 1998) that concentration peaks of colloidal particles exhibiting negligible self-diffusion will spread significantly. Most recent work on permeability and dispersion usually involves flow simulation in arrays of spheres. For example, Scheven et al (2014) compared Lattice-Boltzann simulation of dispersion in randomly packed beds of spheres with experiments and fit the results to six parameters in a phenomenological model. If the velocity field is known, dispersion can be computed directly. Brenner (1980) derived exact expressions for dispersion in periodic media, assuming the fluid velocity in the period cell is known. Koch and Brady (1985) developed an asymptotic approximation to the dispersion in a packed bed of spheres in the limit of low solid volume fraction. The Reynolds number within the pore structure is much smaller than unity in most industrially relevant applications, including many involving gas flows. The flow is thus governed by the linear Stokes equations rather than the full nonlinear Navier-Stokes equations. In principle, the exact solution of the Stokes equations may be written in terms of a Green function as a sum of a hydrodynamic single and double layer potentials, analogous to Green function solutions in electrostatics (see for example Ladyzhenskaya 1963, Pozrikidis, 1992). Unfortunately, geometrical complexity makes the Green function approach impractical in all but the simplest cases. Stokes Green functions are known only for flows with single simple boundaries, such as a plane wall (Blake 1971) or a sphere (Oseen 1927). The proposed approach for this project is to use simple approximations to the Stokes Green function in an ensemble average representation. Applying the moment expansion of the solid volume distribution to the ensemble averaged hydrodynamic potentials, useful expressions for the transport properties will be derived in terms of these moments. The moments of the solid volume distribution then provide the key geometric parameters such as volume fraction, wetted surface area per unit volume, measures of local aspect ratio, local orientation and so on.

Project 2: Analysis of internal capture Suspended particles differ from passive tracers in two important ways. First, particles have finite size which prevents them from accessing all locations within the fluid so their dispersion differs 7

from that of tracers. Second, particles interact with each other and the porous medium through thermal diffusion, Coulomb, van der Waals, and other forces affecting their motion. Happel and Brenner (1965) exploited the general solution of the Stokes equations to develop general relations between forces (and torques) applied to systems of rigid bodies in a viscous fluid and the relative velocity (and rotation) of those bodies. Batchelor (1970, 1972, 1974) in a seminal series of papers showed that information about many transport properties, including permeability and dispersion, can be extracted from the ensemble averages of the balance laws. It is proposed in this project to develop useful evolution equations for the permeability of an arbitrary porous media resulting from capture of spherical particles that are small compared to the size of the flow passages, experience small molecular diffusion (large Peclet number), and are captured on contact with a fixed surface. The approach is motivated by the observation that captured particles are indistinguishable from the porous medium. Capture may then be treated as a chemical reaction that transforms the captured particle to a new piece of the porous media, without change to size or shape. An evolution equation for the mass distribution of the porous medium will then provide the evolution of permeability through the relations developed in Project 1. The framework developed in Project 1 will be the starting point for analysis of transport of the spherical particles. Moving spheres can be added by including their surfaces in the single layer and, because the fluid velocity is not zero on their surfaces, adding the corresponding parts of the double layer. The additional unknown surface velocity can be determined in principle by applying the constraint that the spheres experience zero net force and torque. That is, they are small enough that any force or torque applied will cause an instantaneous acceleration to a force- free and torque-free state. Similar approximations to those described in Project A1 will be used to develop useful solutions.

Project 3: Simulation of internal capture The results of project 2 will be of direct use in product design but interaction forces other than steric hindrance are ignored. It is therefore proposed to use numerical simulations to develop improved results taking into account potentials between pairs of particles and between particles and the porous media. This will provide results for adsorption in chromatography columns, as well as realistic fouling mechanisms in membranes. Suspended polymer chains will be simulated by applying appropriate spring or rod potentials between spheres.

Project 3 can be run independently of project 2. If Project 2 is accomplished first, the analytical results can be used to select the specific geometries studied in Project 3. Alternatively, Project 3 can be used to explore multiple geometries and the results used to guide the approximations used in the later analysis. The optimal strategy of course, is to run the analysis and simulation projects in parallel so that partial results from one can be used to inform and help direct the other.

Project 4: Internal transport visualization It is proposed to track fluorescent nanoparticle tracers in flow through membranes using confocal rheometry (Lin et al, 2014.) A modified stage for the confocal microscope will be fabricated to allow flow through the membrane. Using methods developed by Wiesner and Emmanuel Giannelis (see for example Krysmann et al 2011 and Ow et al, 2005), highly fluorescent particles of very narrow size distribution, in the 3 nm to 50 mn range, will be fabricated with either inert or specific binding surfaces.

A variety of membrane structures will be fabricated by block copolymer self-assembly using monomers allowing close matching of the polymer and fluid indices of refraction. Depending on the degree of matching, imaging will be possible for membranes from about 40 μm to 100 μm in thickness. Although 40 μm is relatively thin for a commercial membrane, it is three orders of magnitude greater than the diameter of the tracer particles which is more than sufficient to show realistic effects of particle interaction with the membrane. The three dimensional digital images resulting from the experiments will be post processed to provide measures of many critically important quantities such as dispersion, particle-membrane pair distribution functions, and differences between the average fluid velocity and that of the particles which may be hindered by membrane interaction. The results will be used to improve existing phenomenological models of membrane transport and fouling as well as to validate many aspects of the modeling projects.

Project 5: Pore structure measurement It is proposed to adapt recent advances in the study of natural pore structures by Gianellis (see Kanj et al 2011) and by Archer and Larry Cathles (see Li et al 2014) to characterize membranes and packed chromatography columns by comparing peak spreading of small molecule and nanometer sized tracers. Transport measurement of inert small molecules is a well-known method of characterizing packed beds and oil fields. A sharp concentration pulse is injected and the shape of the exiting concentration profile is measured. Gianellis first showed that extremely inert, fluorescent nanoparticles could be fabricated relatively easily and recovered at high yield after injection into an oil field. The differences in exit concentration profiles between low diffusivity nanoparticles and highly diffusive small molecule tracers are a measure of the relative availability of convective and diffusive transport paths. Pore structures of commercial membranes and columns will be investigated by this method and the resulting concentration shapes correlated to known performance properties of the media. Similar experiments with specific binding nanoparticles will be performed and compared to inert particle experiments to extract surface chemistry information related to fouling and binding capacity as a function of particle size.

Project 6: First surface analysis It is proposed to develop useful models of the behavior of suspensions as they enter a porous medium, including the effects of particle size distribution and fluid inertia on surface layer formation, internal particle capture, and dispersion of particles that are not captured. The results will be important for filtration applications, in which controlled evolution of a filter cake or gel layer is desirable, as well as in chromatography applications where any fouling of the first surface is undesirable. The upstream face of a porous medium differs from the internal portions in two important ways. First, and most obviously, large suspended particles are prevented from entering the medium and form a layer on the first surface. The thickness, and possibly the density, of the layer increases as more particles are deposited. The second important difference from the dynamics internal to the porous medium is more subtle. Fluid inertia is important at distances greater than the Oseen length (ratio of particle size to Reynolds number) upstream of the first surface even when the Reynolds number is small. Corrections must be applied to solutions of the Stokes equations to predict the motion of the

suspended particles. Whether a surface layer forms or not, the transition from an open plenum to the internal structure of a porous medium will affect dispersion, aggregation, and capture in ways that cannot be predicted when inertial effects are ignored. The approach will be to develop and solve ensemble averaged equations for motion of a suspension of at least two particle sizes with corrections for fluid inertia. These analytic approximations will be guided and verified by detailed Lattice Boltzmann simulations. For separation applications, the corrections are small and may be accomplished by a perturbation expansion of the Navier-Stokes equations in powers of the Reynolds number. Cheng and Papanicolaou (1997) provide a detailed analysis of flow through a periodic array of spheres which illustrates the circumstances under which correction is needed and summarizes much of the previous work.

Project 7: Concentrated sphere crossflow analysis It is proposed to develop models of sheared suspensions near a porous surface of arbitrary structure that not only take into account the well-known effects of diffusion and shear on dilute suspensions of spheres but extend the models to include concentrated suspensions and cake/gel evolution. Equations of motion will be constructed using Lattice-Boltzmann simulations with ensemble averaged Stokes equations as a guide. Diffusion will be introduced as a fluctuation in particle velocity and shear induced diffusion will be introduced as a fluctuation in particle shape. Asymptotic corrections for small Reynolds number will be used to properly account for shear induced lift. It is expected the results of this project to advance the rational design of conventional cross flow membranes and processes. Further, these results will allow, for the first time, rational design of extremely sharp cut-off processes controlled by hydrodynamic effects. This holds the promise of enabling commercialization of “sieve free” crossflow with zero fouling as proposed Hurwitz and Brantley (2000) for protein separations and by van Dinther,et al (2013) for emulsions and suspensions in the food industry.

Project 8: Visualization of shearing surface transport It is proposed to study the detailed motion of fluorescent nanoparticle tracers in shear flow near the surface of a porous medium by confocal rheometry. To provide shear and permeation flow, a modified rheometer stage will be fabricated to allow flow through a membrane which is vibrating in its own plane. Three dimensional digital images will be made of the fluid layer upstream of the membrane and a few microns into the membrane surface. Because there will be no need to visualize the flow deep within the membrane, commercial membranes will be used as well as the experimental membranes specially fabricated for Project 4. These experiments will clearly show the initiation and evolution of fouling layers for inert particles and how these phenomena differ when the particles carry charge. Post processing of the images will yield important design information such as the relative importance of shear induced lift, shear induced diffusion and charge in fouling of crossflow filter systems.

Project 9: Analysis of dilute ellipsoids in crossflow As a parallel to of Project 7, using the same methods, it is proposed to develop models of the behavior of dilute suspensions of ellipsoidal particles in shear near a porous surface of arbitrary

geometry. To avoid excessive complication, the effects of high concentrations of ellipsoids will be reserved for a future project. It is expected non-spherical particles will behave significantly differently than spheres in crossflow and the results of this work are likely to explain some of the variability found in commercial processes.

Project 10: Cross flow performance testing It is proposed to test the performance of highly uniform self-assembled membranes and compare with the performance of commercially available Ultrafiltration Membranes. Spherical nanoparticle suspensions of precise size will be used as the challenge fluid. Experiments will be conducted in the Couette cell filtration system to allow independent control of shear rate, retentate and filtrate fluxes. It is expected these experiments will verify the models developed in Project 7, confirm the applicability of phenomena observed in vibrational shear Project 8 to cross flow, and guide development of process parameters for membrane separations with enhanced sharpness of size cut-off and reduced fouling. Example economic analysis projects Two water filtration projects are proposed here, primarily as examples of the type of economic research envisioned. Water filtration is selected because a great deal of empirical data exists in the literature so these analyses can proceed in parallel with other modeling and experimental work. It is very likely that Industrial Members will have other economic questions of great importance which can form the basis of additional and perhaps more useful economic analysis.

Economics 1: Hydraulic fracturing water purification An economically optimized hybrid system for purification of industrial waste water is proposed. Combinations of reverse osmosis (RO), forward osmosis (FO) and freeze concentration (FC) steps will be examined. The design will be a paper study to optimize cost and power using the best phenomenological models of detailed process steps available in the literature. Waste water generated by hydraulic fracturing production of natural gas will be the target of the study as it is of great public interest. Waste water from hydraulic fracturing (fracking) is currently injected into disposal wells but recent research linking disposal to increased earthquake activity (Weingarten et al, 2015) makes finding an economically attractive alternative increasingly important. Conventional RO is not feasible for purifying fracking waste water because of its high salinity and the resulting osmotic pressure. As described by Shaffer, et al (2015), FO uses a high osmotic pressure draw solution to substantially reduce the required process pressure, making membrane separation feasible. FC is a possible alternative to FO. When salt water freezes, a concentrated brine forms with nearly pure ice. This phenomenon has been exploited for some commercial FC processes in the food & beverage industry but, as documented by Williams, et al (2015) economic and power consumption estimations are complex and there is no clear agreed optimum process.

Economics 2: Cost optimization of cross flow shear rate It is traditional in cross flow applications to minimize shear rate with the goal of minimizing power consumption and thus cost to the customer. Typical shear rates have however been gradually increasing as benefits of higher critical fluxes and reduced fouling become apparent.

It is proposed to use current empirical models of cross flow to produce a shear rate cost benefit analysis. Public performance data on micro and ultra-filtration systems used in two applications: as pre-filters for municipal water RO and as algae concentration systems for CO2 sequestration, will be used to calibrate the empirical models. Amortized capital as well as expense costs will be included. Case studies will be used to estimate “Voice of the Customer” input such as the value of risk mitigation through capital cost reduction and the relative merits of cost per unit time or cost per unit volume processed for these two applications.

Facilities IFFRISS will be housed within the Center of Nanomaterials Engineering and Technology (CNET), a new open research laboratory supported by Cornell University’s College of Engineering. As a result of the available facilities, IFFRISS will need modest, and only targeted, investments in specific instrumentation to conduct experimental research. CNET is a 4,000 sq. ft. research space, including a 450 sq. ft. kilogram-scale materials scale-up and product prototyping facility, 700 sq. ft. synthesis facility, and a 1,850 sq. ft. characterization facility. Three rooms with independent air handling systems allow for a variety of applications from class 1000 clean rooms to dry rooms for handling the water reactive chemicals. In the CNET characterization facility, IFFRISS researchers will have access to instrumentation such as FTIR, TGA, DSC, spectroscopy and porosimetry instruments. Applications research is also possible in the characterization facility, including rheology, frequency response analysis, and dielectric spectroscopy. The CNET synthesis facility is well designed for laboratory scale development of nanoparticles and porous materials. It is equipped with reaction vessels, small scale separation and dialysis equipment and drying equipment, as well as a variety of glove boxes to house inert environment research. The CNET kilogram production facility has 40- L and 100-L temperature controlled reaction Figure 2 CNET Characterization Lab vessels, filtration and separation equipment as well as drying equipment and is particularly suited for IFFRISS materials research. Faculty, students and Industrial Partners will have a unique opportunity to scale up rationally designed nanoparticles developed in the synthesis facility to sufficient volume for pilot scale production of nanoparticle probes and coatings. CNET facilities include two tangential flow test stands. One is an automated crossflow test stand designed for experiments with small diameter commercial membrane modules from 10 cm to 1 meter in length. The second is a Couette cell filtration system for experiments with flat sheet membranes allowing independent control of retentate and filtrate fluxes and shear rates from 15 s- 1 to 1.25x105 s-1. The CNET facility includes a modern, dedicated conference room that seats 20 persons and is already set up for web conferencing which will be used for regular meetings of the members. Members will be able to participate in person or virtually, as best suits their interests and needs. In addition to CNET and equipment already in place in participating faculty labs, IFFRISS researchers, as participants in Cornell’s world class research infrastructure, will have access to some of the best computational, nanoscale characterization and visualization facilities in the world. High speed, large memory computational needs will be met by Cornell's Institute for Computational Science and Engineering (ICSE) which manages over 1200 cores of high- performance computer systems. These systems have high-end Intel processors and typically 4 GB of memory per core. Facilities such as the Cornell Center for Materials Research (CCMR) and the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS) offer a spectrum of tools that can be accessed by researchers on campus (including visitors from industry) at relatively modest costs.

CHESS has nine experimental stations for a variety of X-ray techniques, including high- resolution diffraction for picometer scale analysis and grazing-incidence small-angle x-ray scattering (GISAXS) for surface structure analysis. CCMR focuses on advancing the study of structured and disordered nanomaterials and supports this research with microscopy, spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and dielectric and mechanical properties analysis. A range of electron microscopes are available for use including a recently acquired, first of its kind, cryogenic, aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope capable of nanometer resolution imaging of undistorted polymeric and biological materials.

Figure 4 Location of CHESS Synchrotron ring

Figure 3 Cryo-STEM

Structure and Governance The structure of the Institute, as illustrated in Figure 5, simply consists of the Director, the Faculty, and the Industrial Advisory Board (IAB). Each member company, on committing to pay the membership fee for a minimum of three years, will appoint a representative to the Industrial Advisory Board (IAB) which will be chaired by the IFFRISS Director. Multiple divisions of a single company may join separately by committing to separate CNET membership fees. The IFFRISS Director will be IFFRISS appointed for a renewable three year Director term by the CNET Director, with Faculty Core majority concurrence of the IAB. To IAB assist in strategy formulation and Faculty project review, an Advisory Committee will be selected from the Visualization & Materials Economics Modeling Faculty by the IFFRISS Director, with Characterization the concurrence of the CNET Director Figure 5 IFFRISS Structure and majority concurrence of the IAB. The technical goals of the Institute will be achieved through a combination of precompetitive and directed research. The precompetitive research, funded by membership fees and grants, will be carefully targeted to resolve broad and fundamental separations questions of interest to all members. It will be the Director’s responsibility, in collaboration with the Faculty and the IAB, to ensure that the aggregate of precompetitive projects fairly addresses the interests of all Industrial Members. A suitable initial set of such projects is outlined in the section “Proposed Initial Research” in this prospectus. As discussed there, the precompetitive research is expected to be heavily weighted towards modeling and experiments in visualization and characterization. Economic analysis of broad interest will also be undertaken. Other research of a more proprietary nature (directed research) will be funded by individual Industrial Members through specific contracts and intellectual property arrangements between those Industrial Members and the Universities to which the participating Faculty belong. It is expected a majority of the novel porous materials research to be of this nature. The communication and education goals of the Institute will be achieved through regularly scheduled IAB meetings, seminars, and workshops. It will be the Director’s responsibility to organize: 1. Quarterly meetings of the IAB to discuss progress on current projects with the Director, and other Faculty as needed, and review recommendations for new research projects. IAB members are encouraged to attend in person, but web meeting arrangements will be available. 2. Six seminars, regularly spaced through the academic year, will initially be given to introduce Institute Faculty and report significant project progress. Ultimately, globally recognized researchers in areas of significant interest to the separations community will also be invited to speak. Seminars will be open to the Cornell community with web meeting access provided for Institute members who choose not to attend in person.

3. An annual workshop in the highly successful style of European Study Groups with Industry2 promulgated by Oxford Applied Mathematics. Topics will be selected in collaboration with the IAB for relevance and lack of proprietary concerns. 4. A 1½ day, in person, Annual Meeting. The first day will be dedicated to project presentations. The following half day will be the fourth quarterly IAB meeting focused on the Director’s year-end report, adjustments to the research program, and open discussion of new opportunities and desired changes. It is expected that members will communicate frequently and informally on subjects of common interest. However, to ensure an orderly and fair assessment of active projects and selection of projects for future funding, quarterly IAB meetings will follow a regular agenda. IAB meetings will be attended by IAB Members, the IFFRISS Director, and the Faculty Advisory Committee. Faculty members proposing new projects will attend the third quarter and annual meetings. The cycle of IAB meetings is as follows. First quarter meeting (September) Summary review of active projects and discussion of any member questions or concerns. Round table discussion of member’s preferences for new project topics. Selection of preferred topics for new projects by general consensus. Second quarter meeting (December) Summary review of active projects and discussion of any member questions or concerns. Presentation of new project preliminary proposals and proposed Faculty leaders by Director and Advisory Committee. Round table discussion of preliminary proposals. Third quarter meeting (March) Summary review of active projects and discussion of any member questions or concerns. Presentation of new project proposals by Faculty leaders. Questions and comments by IAB Members. Fourth quarter annual meeting (June) IFFRISS Director’s report: Finances, facilities, completed projects, new opportunities. Discussion of any member questions or concerns. Final presentation of new project proposals by Faculty leaders. IAB selection of new projects by majority vote.

2 http://miis.maths.ox.ac.uk/how/ 16

Funding To maximize return on investment, the IFFRISS infrastructure is minimal; comprising the Director and modest administrative support from CNET staff. The Director and core faculty will perform research in existing facilities, with modest investment for special fixtures or other experimental equipment that may be needed. Larger changes in facilities or equipment will be contemplated only as need arises and funds become available. Membership will be a three year commitment of $50,000/year which will be treated as a gift, thus saving substantial overhead costs and ensuring the funds are directed as exclusively as possible to IFFRISS activities. In addition, membership funds directed towards support of graduate students at Oxford will leverage substantial British government support. In addition to precompetitive research, members will find it valuable to engage in directed research. This may be stimulated by interesting precompetitive results, or a match being made between specific researcher skills and a particular problem of a member. In these cases, because intellectual property rights will be involved, contracts will carry the standard university overhead. Membership is an excellent way to demonstrate interest to NSF, DOE and other funding agencies. The Institute’s focus on fundamental research strongly tied to industrial needs will result in successful grant applications within the first few years with success growing as projects are completed and results published.

Intellectual property Rights to intellectual property resulting from directed research will be established by contract. Directed research may include faculty consulting, short term student contracts, or longer term contracts, such as dissertation work. The IFFRISS Director will participate as needed in the negotiation of directed research contracts to help maintain good communication and understanding among all parties. Precompetitive research projects will be designed collaboratively by faculty and the IAB to minimize the likelihood of intellectual property creation. There is however, always some chance that an invention will be made by university employees during precompetitive work. In such cases, the following general rules will apply: • Publishing will not be hindered except reasonable delays will be granted to allow time for patent applications. • A royalty free license for research and educational purposes will be granted to all Members. • All Industrial Members will have an option for commercial licenses for specific fields of use.

o If only one member exercises the option for a specific field of use, the license will be exclusive;

o If multiple members exercise the option for the same field of use, the license will be nonexclusive. • Licensing terms will include proportional shares of patent and annuity costs. It is not unusual in license negotiations for the industrial party to emphasize the remaining development risk and the university to emphasize the potential market gain. In such cases, when it is clear that no agreement is possible, a “start-up” option will become available. In a “start-up” option, the IAB will be invited to participate with the inventors in spinning the intellectual property off as a small technology business. It is expected that partial funding, in return for a share of equity, may prove to be an acceptable means of investing in the intellectual property when the risk of licensing appears too great.

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Kanj MY, Rashid MH, Giannelis EP, 2011, “Industry first field trial of reservoir nanoagents”, Society of Petroleum Engineers, SPE 142592, pp. 1-10 Khirevich, S, Daneyko, A, Tallare, U, 2014, “Longitudinal and transverse dispersion in flow through random packings of spheres: A quantitative comparison of experiments, simulations, and models”, Physical Review E, 89, pp. 053023-1 – 053023-10 Kourkoutis, LF, Plitzko JM, Baumeister, W, 2012, “Electron Microscopy of Biological Materials at the Nanometer Scale”, Annual Review of Materials Research, 42, pp.33–58 Krysmann MJ, Kelarakis A, Dallas P, and Giannelis EP, 2011, “Formation mechanism of carbogenic nanoparticles with dual photoluminescence emission”, Jour Am. Chem. Soc., 134, pp. 747-750 Ladd, A, 1994, “Numerical simulations of particulate suspensions via a discretized Boltzmann equation. Part 1. Theoretical foundation”, J. Fluid Mech., 211, pp. 285-309 Ladyzhenskaya, OA, 1963, “The Mathematical Theory of Viscous Incompressible Flow”, New York, Gordon and Breach Li, YV, Cathles, LM, Archer, LA, 2014, “Nanoparticle tracers in calcium carbonate porous media”, J Nanopart Res, 16:2541, pp. 1-14 Lin NYC, McCoy, JH, Cheng X, Leahy, B, Israelachvili, JN, Cohen I, 2014, “A multi-axis confocal rheoscope for studying shear flow of structured fluids”, Review of Scientific Instruments, 85, pp. 033905-1 to 033905-17 Nagy, E, Kulcsar, E, Nagy A, 2011, “Membrane mass transport by nanofiltration: Coupled effect of the polarization and membrane layers”, Journal of Membrane Science 368, pp. 215–222

Oseen, CW, 1927, “Neuere Methoden und Ergebnisse in der Hydrodynamik”, Leipzig, Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft M. B. H. Ow H, Larson D, Srivastava M, Baird B, Webb W, Wiesner U, 2005, "Bright and Stable Core- Shell Fluorescent Silica Nanoparticles", Nano Letters 5,pp. 113-117 Phillip,WA, Dorin,RM, Werner, J, Hoek, EMV, Wiesner, U, Elimelech, M, 2011, “Tuning Structure and Properties of Graded Triblock Terpolymer-Based Mesoporous and Hybrid Films”, Nano Lett., 11, pp. 2892–2900 Phillips, E, Penate-Medina, O, Zanzonico, PB, Carvajal, RD, Mohan, P, Ye, Y, Humm, J, Gönen, M, Kalaigian, H, Schöder, H, Strauss, HW, Larson, SM, Wiesner, U, Bradbury, MS, 2014, “Clinical translation of an ultrasmall inorganic optical-PET imaging nanoparticle probe”, Science Translational Medicine, 6, 260, pp. 260ra149 Pozrikidis, C., 1992, “Boundary integral and singularity methods for linearized viscous flow”, Cambridge University Press Robbins, SW, Sai, H, DiSalvo, FJ, Gruner, SM, Wiesner, U, 2014, “Monolithic Gyroidal Mesoporous Mixed TitaniumÀNiobium Nitrides”, ACS Nano, 8, pp. 8217–8223 Scheven , UM, Khirevich, S, Daneyko, A, Tallarek, U, 2014, “Longitudinal and transverse dispersion in ﬂow through random packings of spheres: A quantitative comparison of experiments, simulations, and models”, Physical Revieew E, 89, pp. 053023-1 – 053023-10 Shaffer, D.L., Elimelech, M., et al, 2015, “Forward osmosis: Where are we now?” Desalination 356 pp. 271–28

Van den Berg, GB, Smolders, CA, 1992, “Diffusional phenomena in membrane separation processes”, Journal of Membrane Science, 73, pp. 103-118 Van Dinther, AMC, Schroën, CGPH, Boom, RM, 2013, “Separation process for very concentrated emulsions and suspensions in the food industry”, Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies, 18, pp. 177-182 Volfkovich, YM, Filippov, AN, Bagotsky, VS, 2014, “Structural Properties of Porous Materials and Powders Used in Different Fields of Science and Technology”, Springer-Verlag, London Weingarten, M., et al, 2015, “High-rate injection is associated with the increase in U.S. mid- continent seismicity”, Science, 48, pp. 1336-1340 Williams, P.M., et al, 2015, “Technology for freeze concentration in the desalination industry”, Desalination 356, pp. 314–327

Appendix: Faculty Profiles

Mark F. Hurwitz

IFFRISS Director 172 Kimball Hall Phone: (607) 753-6041 Cornell University Fax: (607) 758-4524 Ithaca, NY 14853 Email: [email protected]

Professional Preparation Northwestern University Mechanical Engineering B.S. 1975 University of Rochester Mechanical Engineering M.S. 1980 Cornell University Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Ph.D. 1996 New York State Professional Engineer P.E. 1997

Recent Professional Appointments 2015 – Present IFFRISS Director, Cornell University 2014 – Present Adjunct Faculty, Cornell University 2013 – August 2015 Fellow, Pall Corporation 2011 – 2013 Sr. Director, Filtration & Separation Science, Pall Corporation

Relevant Publications 1. Hurwitz, M. F., 1996, "Hydrodynamic Interactions of Many Rigid Spheres", Ph.D. Dissertation, Cornell University. 2. Hurwitz, M. F., 1998, "Drag in a porous medium: An example of the use of ensemble averaged hydrodynamic potentials", The IMA Volumes in Mathematics and its Applications, vol. 98, pp. 89-97, 3. Hurwitz, M. F., Brantley, J. D., 2000, "Shear separation: a promising method for protein fractionation", Le Lait, 80 (1): 121-127. 4. Hurwitz, M.F., 2001, “Dynamic Swirl Filter Assemblies and Methods”, US Patent 6168724B1 5. Brantley, J.B., Hurwitz, M.F., Geibel, S.A., Cole, J., Mahmoud, R., 2002, “Shear Separation method and System”, US Patent 6478969B2 6. Postlethwaite, J., Lamping, S. R., Leach, G. C., Hurwitz, M. F., Lye, G. J., 2004, “Flux and transmission characteristics of a vibrating microfiltration system operated at high biomass loading”, Journal of membrane science, 228 (1): 89-101.

Synergistic Activities 35 years commercial R&D experience with 30 years in roles of increasing responsibility at Pall Corporation focused on filtration, separations, and purification processes and equipment. Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mathematics background with substantial mass transfer and process design experience. Over 20 years R&D management including design and implementation of staged and gated processes for new product commercialization.

Lynden A. Archer

Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering 120 Olin Hall Phone: (607) 254-8825 Cornell University Fax: (607) 255-9166 Ithaca, NY 14853-5201 Email: [email protected] http://www.cheme.cornell.edu/people/profile/index.cfm?netid=laa25

Professional Preparation University of Southern California Chemical Engineering B.S. 1989 Stanford University Chemical Engineering M.S. 1990 Stanford University Chemical Engineering Ph.D. 1993 AT&T Bell Laboratories Postdoc 1993 – 1994

Recent Professional Appointments 2010 – Present William C. Hooey Professor & Director, Chemical & Biomolecular Eng., Cornell 2010 – Present Co-founder and Board Member, NOHMs Technologies 2008 – 2015 Co-Director, KAUST-Cornell Center for Energy and Sustainability, Cornell 2005 – Present Marjorie L. Hart Chair of Chemical Engineering, Cornell 2005 – Present Professor of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell

Selected Honors and Awards Special Creativity Award, National Science Foundation, Division of Materials Research, 2013 Alumni of the Year, University of Southern California, Chemical Engineering 2012 James & Mary Tien Excellence in Teaching Award, 2008 AICHE, MAC, Centennial Engineer Award, 2008 Fellow American Physical Society, 2007 Marjorie L. Hart Chair 2005-2010 Career Award, National Science Foundation1996-2000 Dupont & 3M Young Professor Awards 1996-1999

Relevant Publications 1. Srivastava, S., J.L. Schaefer, Z. Yang, Z. Tu and L.A. Archer, “Polymer-Particle Composites: Phase Stability and Applications in Electrochemical Energy Storage,” Adv. Mater. DOI: adma.201303070 (2013) 2. Z. Tu, Y. Kambe, Y. Lu and L.A. Archer, “Nanoporous Polymer-Ceramic Composite Electrolytes for Lithium Metal Batteries,” Adv. Energy Mater. DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201300654 (2013) 3. Y. Lu, K. Korf, Y. Kambe, Z. Tu and L.A. Archer, “Ionic-Liquid–Nanoparticle Hybrid Electrolytes: Applications in Lithium Metal Batteries,” Angewandte Chemie. Intl Ed., DOI: 10.1002/anie.201307137 (2013) 4. Guo, J.C., Z.C. Yang, S. Xu, Y.C. Yu, H.D. Abruna and L.A. Archer, “Lithium-Sulfur battery cathode enabled by lithium-nitrile interaction,” J.Am Chem. Soc. 135, 763-767 (2013) 5. S. Xu, S.K. Das and L.A. Archer “The Li-CO2 Battery: A novel method of CO2 capture and utilization,” Royal Society of Chemistry Advances 3, 6656-6660 (2013)

6. J.L. Schaefer, D. Yanga and L.A. Archer, “High lithium transference number electrolytes via creation of 3-dimentional, charged, nanoporous networks from dense functionalized nanoparticle composites,” Chem. Materials 25, 834-839 (2013) 7. Y. Lu, S.K. Das, S.S. Moganty and L.A. Archer, “Ionic liquid-nanoparticle hybrid electrolytes and their application in secondary lithium metal batteries,” Advanced Materials 24, 4430-4435 (2012) 8. Jayaprakash, N.; Shen, J.; Moganty, S.S.; Corona, A.; Archer, L.A. “Porous Hollow Carbon@Sulfur Composites for High-Power Lithium-Sulfur Batteries”, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed., 50, 5904-5908 (2011)

Synergistic Activities Editorial board Member Journal of Polymer Science B, Polymer Physics 2006-Present Editorial board Member Applied Nanoscience 2009-20012 Founder and Member of the Board, NOHMs Technologies 2011-Present

Georges Belfort

Dept. Chemical & Biological Engineering Phone: (518) 276-6948 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) Fax: (518)276-4030 Troy, NY 12180 E-mail: [email protected]

Professional Preparation University of California at Irvine, CA Engineering Ph.D. (1972) University of California at Irvine, CA Engineering M.S. (1969) University of Cape Town, South Africa Chemical Engineering B.Sc. (1963) Recent Professional Appointments 2011 – Present Institute Professor, RPI 2003 – 2010 Russell Sage Endowed Professor of Chem & Biol. Eng. 1982 – 2003 Professor of Chemical Engineering, Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical Engineering, RPI Selected Honors and Awards Elected to National Academy of Engineering, 2003; Alan S. Michaels Award for Innovation in Membrane Science and Technology, North American Membrane Society, Alan S. Michaels ACS BIOT Div. Award in Recovery of Biological Processes; Winner 2008 ACS E. V. Murphree National Award in Industrial and Engineering Chemistry; Chosen as one of the “100 Chemical Engineers of the Modern Era” as part of the 2008 AIChE Centenial Celebration, Chem. Engr. Progress, 78; 2000 Amer. Inst. Chem. Engrs’ Clarence G. Gerhold Award in Separations Science & Technology;

Relevant Publications 1. Grimaldi, J., Imbrogno, J., Kilduff, J., Belfort G, (2015) A New Class of Synthetic Membranes: Organophilic Pervaporation Brushes for Organics Recovery, ACS Chemistry of Materials, 27 (11) 4142-4148. 2. Belfort, G. , Grimaldi, J., Imbrogno, J. and Kilduff J (Chip) (2015) Hydrophobic Brush Membranes for Filtration Based on Solution-Diffusion Mechanism with Applications to Pervaporation (PV) & Reverse Osmosis (RO), US Provisional Patent Application 62/079,605, Filed 11/14/2014 3. Belfort, G. and Imbrogno, J. (2015) Anti-fouling chiral surfaces for membrane filtration and methods therefor PCT Patent Application 62/022,430, Filed 7/08/2015; International Application Number: PCT/US15/39538. 4. Imbrogno, J., Williams, M., Belfort G, (2015) A New Combinatorial Method for Synthesizing, Screening, and Discovering Antifouling Surface Chemistries, ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 7, 2385-2392. 5. Li, Q., Imbrogno, J., Belfort, G., Wang, X., (2015) Anti-protein-fouling Strategy of Polymeric Membranes via “Grafting from” Polymerization of Zwitterions, Journal of Applied Polymer Science 132, 41781. 6. Gu, M., Yildiz, H., Carrier, R. and Belfort, G. (2013) Discovery of low mucus adhesion surfaces, Acta Biomaterialia, 9 (2) 5201-5207 7. Gu, M., Vegas, A. J., Anderson, D. G., Langer, Kilduff, J. E. and Belfort, G. (2013) Combinatorial synthesis with high throughput discovery of protein-resistant membrane surfaces, Biomaterials, 34 (26), 6133–38. 25

8. Sorci, M., Gu, M., Heldt, C. L., Grafeld, E. and Belfort, (2013) A multi-dimensional approach for fractionating proteins using charged membranes, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 110 (6) 1704–1717. 9. Gu, M., Kilduff, J. E. and Belfort, G. (2012) High throughput atmospheric pressure plasma-induced graft polymerization for identifying protein-resistant surfaces, Biomaterials, 33 (5) 1261-1270.

Synergistic Activities Member Governing Board of the Society of Biological Engineers, AIChE, January, 2006- and Chair, 2014-; 2014: NSF Engineering Initiative Advisory Panel (1989); Special NIH advisory panel (1987); NSF Young Presidential Investigator Panel (1986; 2010). Reviewer for DOE BES Young Career Research Award, (2011, 2013, 2014). Editorial Boards: - Biotechnology Progress (2000-present); Bioseparation (1991-present); Chemical Engineering Japan, International Editor (1998-present); Advisory Board of the Journal of Membrane Science (1987-present); Int. Journal Desalination (1975-present).

Lawrence M. Cathles III

Earth & Atmospheric Sciences 2130 Snee Hall Phone: (607) 255-2844 Cornell University Fax: (607) 254-4780 Ithaca, NY 14853 Email: [email protected]

Professional Preparation Princeton University Physics B.A. 1965 University of Virginia Law J.D. 1966 Princeton University Geophysics Ph.D. 1971

Recent Professional Appointments 2010 – Present Director of Institute for the Study of the Continents (INSTOC) 1986 – Present Professor of Geological Sciences, Cornell University 1989 – Present Adjunct Professor, Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory of Columbia University 1988 – Present Director of Master of Engineering, Geological Sciences Cornell 2009 – 2013 Member Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Awards Committee, Cornell 2008 – 2013 Thrust leader KAUST Thrust D (Nanomaterials for Oil and Gas Production), Cornell 1998 – 2006 Chief Scientist and Chairman of the Board of Geogroup Inc. 1982 – 1986 Senior Research Geophysicist, Chevron Oil Field Research Co., La Habra, CA

Selected Honors and Awards 2012 Plenary Speaker at Goldschmidt Conference, Montreal 2011 Distinguished Lecturer of the Society of Economic Geologists 2008 2008 Adrian Smith Lecturer, University of Waterloo 1989 24th Hugh Exton McKinstry Memorial Lecturer, Harvard University 1987 Fellow of American Association of Advancement of Science 1985 Extractive Metallurgy Science Award, Metallurgical Society of AIME

Relevant Publications 1. Cathles, L.M., H.R. Spedden, and E.E. Malouf, 1974, A Tracer Technique to Measure the Diffusional Accessibility of Matrix Block Mineralization, Chapter 9 in Proceedings of the Symposium on Solution Mining, F. F. Aplan, W. F. McKinnely and A. D. Pernichele eds., Society of Mining Engineers AIME, p. 129-147. 2. Subramanian, S., Li, Y, Cathles, L.M. (2013) Assessing preferential flow by simultaneously injecting nanoparticle and chemical tracers, Water Resources Research, 49(1), p. 29-42. (online Jan 10, 2013) doi:10.1029/2012WR012148. 3. Hiorth, A, Jettestuen E., Cathles LM, and Madland MV (2013) Precipitation, dissolution, and ion exchange processes coupled with a lattice Boltamann advection diffusion solver, Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta, 104, p 99-110. 4. Li Yan Vivian, Cathles LM, and Archer L (2014) Nanoparticle tracers in calcium carbonate porous media, J. Nanopart Res, 16:2541, 14p. DOI 10.1007/s11051-014-2541- 9

5. Li Yan Vivian and Cathles LM (2014) Retention of silica nanoparticles on calcium carbonate sands immersed in electrolyte solutions, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 436, 1-8. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021979714006316 6. Zhang Long-li, Yang Chao-he, Wang Ji-Quan, Li Li, Li Yan Vivian, Cathles Lawrence (2015) Study of the dipole moment of asphaltene molecules through dielectric measuring, Fuel 140, 609-615 7. Xu,Yisheng, Chen, Lin, Zhao,Yushi, Cathles, Lawrence M., and Ober, Christopher K. (submitted) Supercritical CO2-philic Nanoparticles suitable for determining the viability of Carbon Sequestration in Shale, Environmental Science Nano, 2, p288-296. DOI: 10.1039/c5en00003c 8. Zhao,Yushi, Yao, Chuanjin, Steenhuis, Tammo S., and Cathles, Lawrence M. (Submitted) Nanoparticle Methods for Measuring Remediation of Flow Heterogeneity in Laboratory Columns, Environmental Science and Technology

Synergistic Activities 2012 – Present Established and maintain a blog entitled: Perspectives on the Marcellus Gas Resource http://blogs.cornell.edu/naturalgaswarming/ 2012 Panel Member, Hydrofacking, Soc. Environmental Journalists, Lubbock TX, Oct 19th 2012 Organized Kaufman INSTOC Symposium “When Continents Explode” 2011 Presentation to U.S. Senate Natural Gas Caucus, November 29, “Natural Gas and Air Quality” 2011 Organized Kaufman INSTOC Symposium “Origin and Evolution of the Continental Crust” 2011 Member panel on the science behind hydro-fracking, Law School Conference: “In my backyard, finding common ground on gas drilling, clean technology and energy policy”

Geoffrey W. Coates

Chemistry and Chemical Biology 560A Olin Chemistry Research Wing Phone: (607) 255-5447 Cornell University Fax: (607) 255-4137 Ithaca, NY 14853-5201 Email: [email protected]

Professional Preparation Wabash College Chemistry B.A., 1989 Stanford University Chemistry Ph.D., 1994 California Institute of Technology Postdoc 1994 – 1997

Recent Professional Appointments 2008 – Present Tisch University Professor, Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Cornell 2007 – 2008 Betty R. Miller Professor, Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Cornell 2002 – 2007 Professor, Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Cornell 2001 – 2002 Associate Professor, Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Cornell 1997 – 2001 Assistant Professor, Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Cornell

Selected Honors and Awards DSM Performance Materials Award (2012); Presidential Green Chemistry Challenge Award (2012); Elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (2011).

Relevent Publications 1. Noonan, K.J.T.; Hugar, K.M.; Kostalik IV, H.A.; Lobkovsky, E. B.; Abruña, H. D.; Coates, G.W.; “Phosphonium Functionalized Polyethylene: A New Class of Base Stable Alkaline Anion Exchange Membranes” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 134, 18161–18164, (2012). 2. DiCiccio, A. M.; Coates, G.W.; “Ring-Opening Copolymerization of Maleic Anhydride with Epoxides: A Chain-Growth Approach to Unsaturated Polyesters” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133, 10724–10727, (2011). 3. Kim, J. G.; Cowman, C. D.; LaPointe, A. M.; Wiesner, U.; Coates, G.W.; “Tailored Living Block Copolymerization: Multiblock Poly(Cyclohexene Carbonate)s with Sequence Control” Macromolecules, 44, 1110–1113, (2011). 4. Robertson, N. J.; Kostalik IV, H.A.; Clark, T.J.; Mutolo, P.F.; Abruña, H.D.; Coates, G.W.; “Tunable High Performance Crosslinked Alkaline Anion Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cell Applications” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132, 3400–3404, (2010). 5. Dunn, E.W.; Coates, G.W.; “Carbonylative Polymerization of Propylene Oxide: A Multicatalytic Approach to the Synthesis of Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate)” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132, 11412–11413, (2010). 6. Whiting, B. T.; Coates, G. W.; “Multistep Synthesis of Cyclic Polyketals by Catalytic Isomerization of Epoxide-Ketones to Bicyclic Ketals and Subsequent Ring-Opening Polymerization” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 135, 10974–10977, (2013). 7. Clark, T. J.; Robertson, N. J.; Kostalik IV, H. A.; Mutolo, P. F.; Abruña, H. D.; Coates, G. W.; “A Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization Route to Alkaline Anion Exchange Membranes: Development of Hydroxide-Conducting Thin Films from Ammonium- Functionalized Monomers” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131, 12888–12889, (2009).

8. Jeske, R. C.; Rowley, J. M.; Coates, G. W.; “New Routes to Diblock Copolymers: Pre- Rate-Determining Selectivity in the Terpolymerization of Epoxides, Cyclic Anhydrides and CO2” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 47, 6041–6044, (2008).

Synergistic Activities Associate Editor for Macromolecules, 2008–present; Volume Co-Editor (with M. Sawamoto), Chain Growth Vinyl Polymerization, In Polymer Science: A Comprehensive Reference; Moeller, M.; Matyjaszewski, K. Eds. Elsevier, 2012; Organizer of US-Japan Seminar on Polymer Synthesis (with Takuzo Aida), Santa Barbara, CA (December 2012); Organizer of ACS Symposium on Next Generation Renewable Polymers (with Chuanbing Tang and Marc Hillmyer), San Diego, CA (March 2012); Organizer of ACS Symposium on New Catalysts in Polymer Synthesis (with Li Jia), Boston, MA (August 2010); Organizer of ACS Symposium on Polymers from Renewable Resources (with Marc Hillmyer), Boston, MA (August 2007)

Itai Cohen

Department of Physics 508 Clark Hall Phone: (607) 255-0815 Cornell University Fax: (607) 255-6428 Ithaca, NY 14853-1301 Email: [email protected] http://cohengroup.ccmr.cornell.edu

Professional Preparation University of California at Los Angeles Physics B.S. 1995 University of Chicago Physics Ph.D., 2001 Harvard University Physics & Engineering Postdoc 1993 - 1994

Recent Professional Appointments 2011 – Present Associate Professor of Physics, Cornell University 2005 – 2011 Assistant Professor of Physics, Cornell University

Relevant Publications 1. Leahy, B.D.; Cheng, X.; Ong, D.C.; Liddell-Watson, C.; Cohen, I.; “Enhancing rotational diffusion using oscillatory shear” Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 228301 (2013). 2. Savage, J.R.; Hopp, S.F.; Ganapathy, R.; Gerbode, S.J.; Heuer, A.; Cohen, I.; “Entropy- driven crystal formation on highly strained substrates” PNAS 110, 9301-9304 (2013). 3. Cheng, X.; Xu, X.; Rice, S.; Dinner, A.; Cohen, I.; “Assembly of vorticity-aligned hard- sphere colloidal strings in a simple shear flow” PNAS 109, 63-67 (2012). 4. Cheng, X.; McCoy, J.M.; Israelachvili, J.N.; Cohen, I.; “Imaging the microscopic structure of shear thinning and thickening colloidal suspensions” Science 333, 1276 (2011). 5. Ganapathy, R.; Buckley, M.R.; Gerbode, S.J.; Cohen, I.; “Direct measurements of island growth and step-edge barriers in colloidal epitaxy,” Science 327, 445-448 (2010). 6. Gerbode, S.J.; Agarwal, U.; Ong, D.C.; Liddell, C.M.; Escobedo, F.; Cohen, I.; “Glassy Dislocation Dynamics in Colloidal Dimer Crystals” Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 078301 (2010). 7. Gerbode, S.J.; Lee, S.H.; Liddell, C.M.; Cohen, I.; “Restricted dislocation motion in crystals of colloidal dimer particles” Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 058302 (2008).

Synergistic Activities Organize Ithaca semiannual New York Complex Matter Workshops (2005 – present). Industrial community outreach: Lectures at Proctor and Gamble (2005 – present) and Corning (2007 – present). “Dance of Scales” with Redshift productions and Maren Waldman. A spoken word and dance performance focused on motion at different length scales. Performed at the Nanoscale Informal Science Education Network (NISE Net) 2009 meeting in San Francisco and the 2010 Light in Winter Festival in Ithaca, NY. Collaborated with Melanie Dreyer-Lude, Aoise Stratford, Megan K. Halpern and Max Evjen to produce “Emergence”, an interactive performance centered on the concept of emergent phenomena This play performed to five sold out audiences in the summer of 2012.

Olivier Desjardins

Sibley School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering 250 Upson Hall Phone: (607) 255-4100 Cornell University Fax: (607) 255-1222 Ithaca, NY 14853-7501 E-mail: [email protected] http://ctflab.mae.cornell.edu

Professional Preparation SUPAERO-ENSAE, France Aerospace Engineering M.S. 2003 Stanford University Mechanical Engineering M.S. 2003 Stanford University Mechanical Engineering Ph.D. 2008 Stanford University Mechanical Engineering Postdoc 2008

Recent Professional Appointments 2015 – Present Associate Professor, Sibley School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Cornell 2011 – 2015 Assistant Professor, Sibley School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Cornell 2008 – 2011 Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder

Relevant Publications 1. J. Capecelatro and O. Desjardins. An Euler-Lagrange strategy for simulating particle- laden flows. J. Comp. Phys. 238 (2013) 1–31. 2. J. Capecelatro and O. Desjardins. Eulerian-Lagrangian modeling of turbulent liquid-solid slurries in horizontal pipes, Int. J. of Multiphase Flow, 55 (2013) 64–79. 3. J. Capecelatro, P. Pepiot, and O. Desjardins. Numerical investigation and modeling of reacting gas-solid flows in the presence of clusters, Chem. Eng. Sci., 122 (2014) 403 – 415. 4. J. Capecelatro, O. Desjardins, and R. Fox. Numerical study of collisional particle dynamics in cluster-induced turbulence, J. Fluid Mech., 747-R2 (2014) 1–13. 5. J. Capecelatro, O. Desjardins, and R. Fox. On fluid-particle dynamics in fully-developed cluster-induced turbulence, J. Fluid Mech., (2015) in press. 6. K. Luo, M. Pai, O. Desjardins, H. Pitsch, Analysis of three-dimensional n-heptane spray flames in a model swirling combustor, Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 33 (2) (2011) 2143–2152. 7. O. Desjardins, G. Blanquart, G. Balarac, and H. Pitsch, High order conservative finite difference scheme for variable density low Mach number turbulent flows, J. Comp. Phys. 227 (15) (2008) 7125–7159. 8. O. Desjardins, R. O. Fox, and P. Villedieu, A quadrature-based moment method for dilute fluid-particle flows, J. Comp. Phys. 227 (4) (2008) 2514–2539. 9. M. Kasbaoui, D. Koch, G. Subramanian, and O. Desjardins. Preferential concentration driven instability of sheared gas-solid suspensions, J. Fluid Mech., 770 (2015) 85–123. 10. P. Pepiot and O. Desjardins. Numerical analysis of the dynamics of two- and three- dimensional fluidized bed reactors using an Euler-Lagrange approach. Powder Technology 220 (2012) 104– 121.

Synergistic Activities Developed a new advanced Ph.D. level course on Advanced Computational Modeling of Multi- phase flows at Stanford University and University of Colorado at Boulder.

Developed a novel high-order accurate and fully conservative numerical discretization of the Navier-Stokes equations that enabled robust and accurate simulations of complex, turbulent, reacting flows, and developed novel numerical schemes for turbulent multiphase flows that enabled some of the first high-fidelity simulations of turbulent atomization.

Developed a multi-physics & multi-scale fluid dynamics code called NGA. This code is highly scalable, and is routinely used for simulations on the order of 10 grid points on 10 processors. This code is being used by numerous research groups worldwide, including the groups led by H. Pitsch (RWTH Aachen University), V. Raman (UT Austin), M. Herrmann⁹ (Arizona⁴ State), V. Moureau (CORIA—CNRS, France), S. Pope (Cornell), and A. Prosperetti (JHU).

Reviewer for J. Comp. Phys., J. Fluid Mech., SIAM J. App. Math., Int. J. Heat and Fluid Flow, Phys. Fluids, Proc. Comb. Symp.

Awards Chair & Technical Program Chair for Institute for Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems, member of America Physical Society, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Combustion Institute, American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

Menachem Elimelech

Environmental Engineering Mason Lab, 313A Phone: (203) 432-2789 Yale University Fax: (203) 432-2881 New Haven, CT 06520-8286 Email:[email protected]

Professional Preparation Hebrew University, Israel Soil and Water Sciences B.Sc. 1983 Hebrew University, Israel Environmental Science & Technology M.Sc. 1985 The Johns Hopkins University Environmental Engineering Ph.D. 1989

Recent Professional Appointments 2005 – Present Roberto C. Goizueta Professor, Chemical Engineering, Environmental Engineering Program, Yale 2008 – 2013 World Class University Professor, Korea University, Seoul, Korea 2005 – 2010 Chair, Chemical Engineering Department, Yale University 2002 (SU) ExxonMobil Chair Professor, Dept. Civil Eng., National University of Singapore 2001 (SU) Visiting Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, National University of Singapore 2000 (FA) Acting Chair, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Yale University 1998 – 2004 Llewellyn West Jones Professor, Chemical Engineering, Environmental Engineering Program, Yale

Selected Awards and Honors 2003 Elected to National Academy of Engineering 2012 Association of Environmental Engineering and Science Professors (AEESP) Outstanding Paper Award (with Amy E. Childress) 2012 Super Reviewer Award, Environmental Science & Technology 2012 Yale University Postdoctoral Mentoring Prize

Relevant Publications 1. Tiraferri, A.; Kang, Y.; Giannelis, E.; Elimelech, M..;"Superhydrophilic Thin-Film Composite Forward Osmosis Membranes for Organic Fouling Control: Fouling Behavior and Antifouling Mechanisms", Environmental Science & Technology, 46 (20), 11135– 11144, (2012). 2. Tiraferri, A.; Kang, Y.; Giannelis, E.; Elimelech, M.; "Highly Hydrophilic Thin-Film Composite Forward Osmosis Membranes Functionalized with Surface-Tailored Nanoparticles", ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Volume 4 (9), 5044–5053, (2012). 3. Liang, S.; Kang, Y.; Tiraferri, A.; Giannelis, E.; Huang, X.; Elimelech, M.; “A Highly Hydrophilic Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) Ultrafiltration Membrane via Post- Fabrication Grafting of Surface-Tailored Silica Nanoparticles", ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 5 (14), 6694–6703, (2013). 4. Liang, S.; Qi, G.; Xiao, K.; Sun, J.; Giannelis, E.P.; Huang, X.; Elimelech, M.; "Organic Fouling Behavior of Superhydrophilic Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) Ultrafiltration Membranes Functionalized with Surface-Tailored Nanoparticles: Implications for

Organic Fouling in Membrane Bioreactors." Journal of Membrane Science, 463, 94-101, (2014). 5. Mauter, M.S; Wang, Y.; Okemgbo, K.C.; Osuji, C.O.; Giannelis, E.P.; Elimelech, M.; "Antifouling Ultrafiltration Membranes via Post-Fabrication Grafting of Biocidal Nanomaterials", ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 3 (8), 2861–2868, (2011). 6. Elimelech, M.; Phillip, W.A.; "The Future of Seawater Desalination: Energy, Technology, and the Environment", Science, 333 (6043), 712–717, (2011). 7. Shannon, M.A.; Bohn, P.W.; Elimelech, M.; Georgiadis, J.G.; Mariñas, B.J.; Mayes, A.M.; "Science and Technology for Water Purification in the Coming Decades", Nature, 452 (7185), 301-310, (2008). 8. Logan, B.E.; Elimelech, M.; "Membrane-Based Processes for Sustainable Power Generation using Water and Wastewater", Nature, 488 (7411), 313-319, (2012). 9. Phillip, W.A.; Dorin, R.M.; Werner, J.G.; Hoek, E.M.V.; Wiesner, U.; Elimelech, M.; "Tuning Structure and Properties of Graded Triblock Terpolymer-Based Mesoporous and Hybrid Films", Nano Letters, 11, 2892–2900, (2011). 10. Dorin, R.M.; Phillip, W.A.; Sai, H.; Werner, J.; Elimelech, M.; Wiesner U.; "Designing Block Copolymer Architectures for Targeted Membrane Performance", Polymer, 55, 347–353, (2014).

Synergistic Activities Chair, International Review Panel, Water Desalination and Reuse Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 2012. National Academies (IOM) Committee on Blue Water Navy Vietnam Veterans and Agent Orange Exposure, 2010-2012. National Academies (NRC) Committee on Advancing Desalination Technologies, 2006- 2007. Guest Editor (with W.P. Ball, J.E. Tobiason) for a Special Issue in Environmental Science & Technology in Honor of Charles R. O’Melia (Vol. 390) September 2005. Co-organizer, 78th ACS Colloid and Surface Science Symposium, June 2013, Yale University.

Fernando A. Escobedo

Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering 311 Olin Hall Phone: (607) 255-8243 Cornell University Fax: (607) 255-9166 Ithaca, NY 14853-5201 Email: [email protected] http://www.cheme.cornell.edu/peopleevents/Faculty/Clancy/

Professional Preparation Universidad de San Agustin, Peru Chemical Engineering B.Sc. 1986 University of Nebraska-Lincoln Chemical Engineering M.Sc. 1993 University of Wisconsin-Madison Chemical Engineering Ph. D. 1997

Recent Professional Appointments 2010 – Present Professor, Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell 2006 – 2009 Director of Graduate Studies, Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering 2004 – 2010 Associate Professor, Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell 1999 – 2005 Assistant Professor, Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell 1997 – 1998 Research Associate, Chemical Engineering, University of Wisconsin- Madison 1987 – 1991 Research & Development Engineer: Abrasivos Industriales S.A., Peru

Relevant Publications 1. Turgman-Cohen, S.; Giannelis, E.P.; Escobedo, F.A.; “Multiscale modeling of transport properties of Amine/Carbon dioxide reactive mixtures and implications to novel carbon capture technologies”, submitted (2014). 2. Turgman-Cohen, S.; Araque, J.C.; Hoek, E.; Escobedo, F.A.; “Molecular Dynamics of Equilibrium and Pressure-Driven Transport Properties of Water through LTA-type Zeolites”, Langmuir 29, 12389 (2013). 3. Hur, K.; Hennig, R.G.; Escobedo, F.A.; Wiesner, U.B.;“Predicting Chiral Nanostructures, Lattices and Superlattices in Complex Multicomponent Nanoparticle Self-Assembly”, Nano Letters 12, 3218 (2012). 4. Goyal, S.; Escobedo,F.A.; “Structure and transport properties of polymer grafted nanoparticles”, J. Chem. Phys. 135, 184902 (2011). 5. Genesky, G.D.; Aguilera-Mercado, B.M.; Bhawe, D.M.; Escobedo, F.A.; Cohen, C.; "Experiments and Simulations: Enhanced Mechanical Properties of End-Linked Bimodal Elastomers", Macromolecules 41, 8231 (2008). 6. Savoy, B.; Escobedo, F.A.; “Simulation study of free-energy barriers in the wetting transition of an oily fluid on a rough surface with re-entrant geometry”, Langmuir 28, 16080-90 (2012). 7. Martinez-Veracoechea, P.F.; Araque, J.C.; Escobedo, F.A.; “A theoretical and simulation study of the self-assembly of a binary blend of diblock copolymers”, J. Chem. Phys. 136, 234905 (2012). 8. Hur, K.; Hennig, R.G.; Escobedo, F.A.; Wiesner, U.B.; “Mesoscopic Structure Prediction of Nanoparticle Assembly and Co-Assembly: Theoretical Foundation”, J. Chem. Phys. 133, 194108 (2010). 9. Crane, A.J.; Martinez-Veracoechea, F.J.; Escobedo, F.A.; Muller, E.A.; "Molecular dynamics simulation of the mesophase behaviour of a model bolaamphiphilic liquid crystal with a lateral flexible chain", Soft Matter 4, 1820 (2008). 36

10. Escobedo, F.A; “Molecular & Macroscopic Modeling of Phase Separation”, AIChE J. 46, 2086 (2000).

Synergistic Activities Participant in 2006 Central New York-Puerto Rico Alliance for Graduate Education and the Professoriate (CNY-PR AGEP) Conference. Invited participant in 2012 Annual Meeting of Society of Hispanic Professional Engineers (SHPE, Dallas, Texas).

Member of Curie Academy (a summer engineering experience for high school girls) in 2002-2004, and collaborator via graduate student participation in 2010-2013.

NSF Panel, Bioengineering and Chemical and Transport Systems, various programs. Reviewer of proposals submitted to the ACS-Petroleum Research Fund, NSF and DOE. Chair of 12 sessions for the annual AIChE national meetings (2000-present).

Reviewer of several journals: J. Chem. Phys., J. Phys. Chem., Macromolecules, Langmuir, Phys. Rev. E, Phys. Rev. Lett., NanoLetters, Molecular Simulation, Fluid Phase Equil., & the AIChE.

Emmanuel P. Giannelis

Materials Science & Engineering 326 Bard Hall Phone: (607) 255-9680 Cornell University Fax: (607) 255-2365 Ithaca, NY 14853 Email: [email protected]

Professional Preparation University of Athens, Greece Chemistry B.S. 1980 Michigan State University Inorganic Chemistry Ph.D. 1985 Michigan State University Chemistry Postdoc 1985-1986 Michigan State University Chemical Engineering Postdoc 1986-1987

Recent Professional Appointments 2014 – Present Associate Dean of Engineering, Cornell 2013 – Present Chief Technical Advisor, Aramco Services Company 2011 – 2013 Visiting Professor, KFUPM, KSA 2010 – Present Member, Field of Engineering and Applied Physics, Cornell Nov. 2009 Visiting Professor, INSA Lion, France 2008 – 2015 Co-Director, KAUST-CU Center for Energy & Sustainability, Cornell 2004 – 2012 Director (Chair), Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell 2002 – Present Walter R. Read Professor of Engineering, Cornell 2002 – 2003 Director, Electronic Packaging Program 2001 – 2003 Director, Undergraduate Studies, MSE Cornell 2000 – Present Affiliated Scientist, Institute of Electronic Structure and Lasers, Greece 1999 – 2002 Professor, Materials Science & Engineering, Cornell 1997 – 2007 Member, Field of Chemistry, Cornell 1995 – Present Member, Field of Chemical Engineering, Cornell 1993 – 1999 Associate Professor, Materials Science & Engineering, Cornell 1987 – 1993 Assistant Professor, Materials Science & Engineering, Cornell

Awards and Honors 2014, ACS, PMSE, Co-operative Research Award, (with G. Beall and C. Powell) 2014, ACS, PMSE Fellow; European Academy of Sciences, Corresponding Member ISI, Top 25 in Nanotechnology Citations, (http://www.esi-topics.com/nano/index.html) ISI, Highly Cited Author in Materials Science, (http://www.ISIHighlyCited.com) B.F. Dodge Distinguished Lecture, Yale University, 2009

Relevant Publications 1. M. Ben-Sasson, K.R. Zodrow, GG Qi, Y. Kang, E.P. Giannelis, M. Elimelech, “Surface Functionalization of Thin-Film Composite Membranes with Copper Nanoparticles for Antimicrobial Surface Properties” Environmental Science and Technology, 48, 384, 2014 DOI: 10.1021/es404232s 2. N.J. Fernandes, TJ Wallin, R.A. Vaia, H. Koerner, and E.P. Giannelis, “Nanoscale Ionic Materials”, Chemistry of Materials, 26, 84, 2014 DOI: 10.1021/cm402372q 3. M.L. Jespersen, P.A. Mirau, E.D. von Meerwall, K. Koerner, R.A. Vaia, N.J. Fernandes and E.P. Giannelis, “Hierarchical Canopy Dynamics of Electrolyte-Doped Nanoscale Ionic Materials”, Macromolecules, 46, 9669, 201 DOI: 10.1021/ma402002a 38

4. X. Duan, S.C. Corgie, D.J. Aneshansley, P. Wang, L.P. Walker and E.P. Giannelis, “Hierarchical hybrid peroxidase catalysts for remediation of phenol wastewater” Chemphyschem, 15, 974, 2014 DOI:10.1002/cphc.201300808 5. S. Liang, Y. Kang, A. Tiraferri, E.P. Giannelis, and M. Elimelech, “Highly Hydrophilic Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) Ultrafiltration Membranes via Postfabrication Grafting of Surface-Tailored Silica Nanoparticles”, ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, 5, 6694, 2013. DOI: 10.1021/am401462e 6. Tiraferri, Y. Kang, E.P. Giannelis, and M. Elimelech, "Superhydrophilic Thin-Film Composite Forward Osmosis Membranes for Organic Fouling Control: Fouling Behavior and Antifouling Mechanisms" Environmental Science and Technology, 46, 11135, 2012. DOI: 10.1021/es3028617 7. Tiraferri, Y. Kang, E.P. Giannelis, and M. Elimelech, "Highly Hydrophilic Thin-Film Composite Forward Osmosis Membranes Functionalized with Surface-Tailored Nanoparticles" ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, 4, 5044, 2012. DOI: 10.1021/am301532g 8. M.J. Krysmann, A. Kelarakis, P. Dallas, and E.P. Giannelis, “Formation Mechanism of Carbogenic Nanoparticles with Dual Photoluminescence Emission”, Journal of American Chemical Society, 134, 747, 2012. DOI 10.1021/ja204661r

Synergistic Activities 2005 – Present, Assoc. Editor, Journal of Nanostructured Polymers & Nanocomposites, 2005 – Present, Editorial Board, Polymer 2004 – 2012, Editorial Board, Small (Wiley-VCH) 1993 – 1996, 2001 – 2003, Editorial Board, Chemistry of Materials

Ian M. Griffiths

Mathematical Institute Andrew Wiles Building University of Oxford Phone: +44 1865 270505 Oxford OX2 6GG, U.K. Email: [email protected]

Professional Preparation University of Birmingham Theoretical Physics & Applied Mathematics M.Sci. 2003 University of Oxford Mathematics DPhil. 2007

Recent Professional Appointments 2014 – Present Royal Society University Research Fellow. Global Fluid Dynamical Challenges in Water Purification. Mathematical Institute, Oxford. 2014 EPSRC Fellow. 21st Century Fluid Dynamical Challenges in Water Purification, Mathematical Institute, Oxford. (Declined) 2013 – Present Visiting University Lecturer. Department of Mathematics, Princeton 2013 – Present Senior Research Fellow. Mathematical modelling of physical hydrodynamics. Mathematical Institute, Oxford. 2013 – Present Visiting Fellow. Mansfield College, Oxford 2010 – Present Frequent Visiting Research Fellow. Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton 2010 – 2013 Research Fellow. Mathematical modelling of physical hydrodynamics. OCCAM, Oxford 2010 Postdoctoral Research Associate. Erosion–Corrosion in Tokamak In- Vessel Coils. Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton; Dispersion in Colloidal Suspensions. Complex Fluids Group, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering,Princeton

Relevant Publications 1. M. P. Dalwadi, I. M. Griffiths & M. Bruna. Understanding how porosity gradients make a better filter using homogenization theory. Proc. Roy. Soc. A (in press). 2. J. Herterich, D. Vella, R. W. Field, N. P. Hankins & I. M. Griffiths. 2015 Tailoring wall permeabilities for enhanced filtration. Phys. Fluids, 27, 053102. 3. A. Eisenträger, D. Vella & I. M. Griffiths. 2014 Particle capture efficiency in a multi- wire model for high gradient magnetic separation. Appl. Phys. Lett., 105, 033508. 4. J. G. Herterich, I. M. Griffiths, R. W. Field & D. Vella. 2014 The effect of a concentration- dependent viscosity on particle transport in a channel flow with porous walls. AIChE J., 60, 1891. 5. I. M. Griffiths, A. Kumar & P. S. Stewart. 2014 A combined network model for membrane fouling. J. Coll. Interf. Sci., 432, 10. 6. I. M. Griffiths, P. D. Howell & R. J. Shipley. 2013 Control and Optimization of Solute Transport Transport in a Thin Porous Tube. Phys. Fluids, 25, 033101. 7. I. M. Griffiths & H. A. Stone. 2012 Axial Dispersion Via Shear-Enhanced Diffusion in Colloidal Suspensions. Europhys. Lett., 97, 58005, 1–6. 8. C. J. W. Breward, I. M. Griffiths, P. D. Howell & C. E. Morgan. 2015 Straining Flow of a Weakly Interacting Polymer–Surfactant Solution. Eur. J. Appl. Math., (to appear). 40

9. C. E. Morgan, C. J. W. Breward, I. M. Griffiths & P. D. Howell. 2015 Mathematical Modelling of Multilayer Surfactant Self-Assembly at Interfaces. SIAM J. Appl. Math., 75, 836. 10. S. S. H. Tsai, I. M. Griffiths, & H. A. Stone. 2013 Interfacial Deflection and Jetting of a Paramagnetic Particle-Laden Fluid: Theory and Experiment. Soft Matter, 9, 8600–8608. 11. D. Vigolo, I. M. Griffiths, S. Radl & H. A. Stone. 2013 An Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Particle–Wall Impacts in a T-Junction. J. Fluid Mech., 727, 236-255. 12. I. M. Griffiths, C. J. W. Breward, D. M. Colegate, P. D. Howell & C. D. Bain. 2013 A New Pathway for the Re-Equilibration of a Micellar Surfactant Solution. Soft Matter, 9, 853–863. 13. C. E. Morgan, C. J. W. Breward, I. M. Griffiths, P. D. Howell, J. Penfold, R. K. Thomas, I. Tucker, J. T. Petkov & J. R. P. Webster. 2012 Kinetics of Surfactant Desorption at the Air–Solution Interface. Langmuir, 28, 17339–17348. 14. I. M. Griffiths, C. D. Bain, C. J. W. Breward, S. J. Chapman, P. D. Howell & S. L. Waters. 2012 An Asymptotic Theory for the Re-Equilibration of a Micellar Surfactant Solution. SIAM J. Appl. Math., 72, 201–215. 15. I. M. Griffiths, C. D. Bain, C. J. W. Breward, D. M. Colegate, P. D. Howell & S. L. Waters. 2011 On the Predictions and Limitations of the Becker-Döring Model for Reaction Kinetics in Micellar Surfactant Solutions. J. Coll. Interf. Sci., 360, 662–671. 16. S. S. Tsai, I. M. Griffiths & H. A. Stone. 2011 Microfluidic Immunomagnetic Multi- Target Sorting – A Model for Controlling Deflection of Paramagnetic Beads. Lab Chip, 15, 2577–2582. 17. C. Neumeyer, I. M. Griffiths et al. 2011 Design of the ITER In-Vessel Coils. Fusion Sci. & Technol., 60, 95–99. 18. I. M. Griffiths & P. D. Howell. 2009 The Surface-Tension-Driven Retraction of a Viscida. SIAM J. Appl. Math., 70, 1453–1487. Citations: 3.

Synergistic Activities: Collaborator and mathematical modeller for the Complex Fluids Group, Princeton University since 2010. Collaborator and mathematical modeller for the Laboratory of Fields, Flows, and Interfaces, Ryerson University. Visiting lecturer of ‘Math Alive: Applications of Mathematics in the Real World’ at Princeton University since 2012. Industrial collaborations with Pall Corporation and Schott AG. Regular mentor for “Graduate Modelling Camps” in UK and USA Africa training graduates in modelling techniques. Regular delegate at Study Groups in Industry and Mathematical Problems in Industry workshops, in particular Pall Cooperation modelling filtration processes.

Tobias Hanrath

Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering 350 Olin Hall Phone: (607) 351-2544 Cornell University Fax: (607) 255-9166 Ithaca, NY 14853-5201 Email: [email protected]

Professional Preparation University of Tulsa Chemical Engineering & Chemistry B. S. 2000 University of Texas at Austin Chemical Engineering M. S. 2002 University of Texas at Austin Chemical Engineering Ph. D. 2004 MIT Postdoctoral Fellow 2005 Technical Univ. of Eindhoven Postdoctoral Fellow 2006 – 2007

Recent Professional Appointments 2013 – Present Associate Professor, School of Chemical Engineering, Cornell 2008 – Present Field Member, Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell 2007 – 2013 Assistant Professor, School of Chemical Engineering, Cornell

Relevant Publications 1. Baumgardner, W. J., Whitham, K., and Hanrath, T. “Confined-but-Connected Quantum Solids via Controlled Ligand Displacement” Nano Letters 13, no. 7: 3225–3231. doi:10.1021/nl401298s, (2013). 2. Wang, Z., Schliehe, C., Bian, K., Dale, D., Bassett, W. A., Hanrath, T., Klinke, C., and Weller, H. “Correlating Superlattice Polymorphs to Internanoparticle Distance, Packing Density, and Surface Lattice in Assemblies of PbS Nanoparticles” Nano Letters 13, no. 3: 1303–1311. (2013). 3. Choi, J. J., Bian, K., Baumgardner, W. J., Smilgies, D.-M., and Hanrath, T. “Interface- Induced Nucleation, Orientational Alignment and Symmetry Transformations in Nanocube Superlattices” Nano Letters 12, no. 9: 4791–4798. doi:10.1021/nl3026289, (2012). 4. Bian, K., Wang, Z., and Hanrath, T. “Comparing the Structural Stability of PbS Nanocrystals Assembled in Fcc and Bcc Superlattice Allotropes” Journal Of The American Chemical Society 134, no. 26: 10787–10790. doi:10.1021/ja304259y, (2012). 5. Bealing, C. R., Baumgardner, W. J., Choi, J. J., Hanrath, T., and Hennig, R. G. “Predicting Nanocrystal Shape Through Consideration of Surface-Ligand Interactions” ACS Nano 6, no. 3: 2118–2127. doi:10.1021/nn3000466,(2012). 6. Hanrath, T. “Colloidal Nanocrystal Quantum Dot Assemblies as Artificial Solids” Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology, A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films 30, no. 3: 030802–030802. doi:10.1116/1.4705402, (2012). 7. Choi, J. J., Bealing, C. R., Bian, K., Hughes, K. J., Zhang, W., Smilgies, D.-M., Hennig, R. G., Engstrom, J. R., and Hanrath, T. “Controlling Nanocrystal Superlattice Symmetry and Shape-Anisotropic Interactions Through Variable Ligand Surface Coverage” Journal Of The American Chemical Society 133, no. 9: 3131–3138. doi:10.1021/ja110454b, (2011). 8. Choi, J. J., Lim, Y.-F., Santiago-Berrios, M. B., Oh, M., Hyun, B.-R., Sung, L., Bartnik, A. C., Goedhart, A., Malliaras, G. G., Abruna, H. D., Wise, F. W., and Hanrath, T. “PbSe

Nanocrystal Excitonic Solar Cells” Nano Letters 9, no. 11: 3749–3755. doi:10.1021/nl901930g, (2009). 9. Hanrath, T., Veldman, D., Choi, J. J., Christova, C. G., Wienk, M. M., and Janssen, R. A. J. “PbSe Nanocrystal Network Formation During Pyridine Ligand Displacement” ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 1, no. 2: 244–250. doi:10.1021/am8001583, (2009). 10. Hanrath, T., Choi, J. J., and Smilgies, D.-M. “Structure/Processing Relationships of Highly Ordered Lead Salt Nanocrystal Superlattices” ACS Nano 3, no. 10: 2975–2988. doi:10.1021/nn901008r (2009).

Synergistic Activities Mentoring Undergraduate Researchers. I value the active involvement of undergraduate researchers as an integral part of our research group. Since 2007, I have been fortunate to recruit many exceptionally bright and motivated undergraduate students as junior researchers in our group. Undergraduate research recruiting is coordinated through the CCMR REU program and the Engineering Learning Initiative at Cornell. Training Teachers: Instructor for Cornell’s Institute for Physics Teachers (CIPT) and Chemistry Teachers (CICT). Workshop on conventional and next-generation solar cells. Advising Student Projects: Faculty Advisor to Cornell University Sustainable Design (CUSD) team; advised students in design, analysis and construction of building integrated solar thermal system (’08-‘09) and on-campus ‘sustainable classroom’ (‘09-present).

Development of new lectures on nanomaterials and energy applications: including seminars for undergraduate students (REU, Engineers for a Sustainable World, etc.), industry (GE, Corning, etc.), and the broader public. Developed chemical product design course incorporating lab-to- fab-to-market product innovation, entrepreneurship, and deployment. Undergraduate and graduate curriculum development: developed and deployed new cap-stone design course in chemical product design that integrates technological innovation, intellectual property, practical engineering and entrepreneurship, and communication of results in the framework of a fictional start-up company. Developed graduate course (Principles and Practice of graduate research) which provides guidance on practical aspects ranging from writing and publishing a research paper, design and execution of experiments to efficient and ethical conduct in the laboratory

Donald L. Koch

Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering 250 Olin Hall Phone: (607) 255-3484 Cornell University Fax: (607) 255-9166 Ithaca, NY 14953 Email:[email protected]

Professional Preparation Case Western Reserve University Chemical Engineering B.S., 1981 Case Western Reserve University History B.A., 1981 MIT Chemical Engineering Ph.D., 1985 Cambridge University Postdoc 1986

Recent Professional Appointments 1999 – Present Professor of Chemical Engineering, Cornell University 1992 – 1999 Associate Professor, Chemical Engineering, Cornell University 1987 – 1992 Assistant Professor, Chemical Engineering, Cornell University

Relevant Publications 1. Singh, V., Koch, D.L. and Stroock, A.D. “Rigid Ring-Shaped Particles that Align in Simple Shear Flow” J. Fluid Mech. 722, 121, (2013). 2. Singh, V., Koch, D.L., and Stroock, A.D. “Ideal rate of collision of cylinders in simple shear flow” Langmuir 27, 11813. (2011). 3. Shin, M., Subramanian, G., Koch, D.L. “Structure and dynamics of dilute suspensions of finite-Reynolds-number settling fibers” Phys. Fluids 21, 123304, (2010). 4. Yu, H.-Y. and Koch, D.L. “Predicting the disorder-order transition of solvent-free nanoparticle organic hybrid materials” Langmuir 29, 8197, (2013). 5. Sundararajan, P, Kirtland, J.D, Koch, D.L. and Stroock, A.S. “Impact of chaos and Brownian diffusion on irreversibility in Stokes flows” Phys. Rev. E 86, 046203, (2012). 6. Singh, J.P., Padhy, S., Shaqfeh, E.S.G. and Koch, D.L. “Flow of power-law fluids in fixed beds of cylinders or spheres” J. Fluid Mech. 713, 491, (2012). 7. Lee, E.F., Koch, D.L., and Joo, Y.L. “Cross-stream forces and velocities of fixed and freely suspended particles in viscoelastic Poiseuille flow: Perturbation and numerical analyses” J. non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 165, 1309, (2010). 8. Koch, D.L. and Subramanian, G. “Collective hydrodynamics of microorganisms: Living fluids” Ann Rev Fluid Mech 43, 637, (2011). 9. Mallavajula, R.K., Koch, D.L., and Archer, L.A. “Intrinsic viscosity of a suspension of cubes” Phys. Rev. E 88, 052302, (2013). 10. Kasyap, T.V. and Koch, D.L. “Chemotaxis driven instability of a confined bacterial suspension” Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 038101, (2012).

Synergistic Activities Co-leader transport processes in Earth Energy systems course for NSF IGERT program Developed an educational website on the mechanisms of bacterial swimming and chemotaxis http://www.icse.cornell.edu/~dlk15/outreach/BacteriainMotion/ Currently developing a simulation illustrating the role of the particle Stokes number aerosol motion for SimCafe, a Wiki-based online resource for teaching and simulation being developed at Cornell. 44

Lena F. Kourkoutis

Applied and Engineering Physics 235 Clark Hall Phone: (607) 255-9121 Cornell University Fax: (607) 255-7658 Ithaca, NY 14853 Email: [email protected] http://kourkoutis.research.engineering.cornell.edu/

Professional Preparation University of Rostock, Germany Physics Diploma, 2003 Cornell University Applied & Engineering Physics M.S. 2006 Cornell University Applied & Engineering Physics Ph.D. 2009

Recent Professional Appointments 2013 – Present Assistant Professor, Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell, 2013 – Present Rebecca Q. and James C. Morgan Sesquicentennial Faculty Fellow, Cornell 2012 – 2013 Postdoctoral Associate, Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell 2011 – 2012 Postdoctoral Associate, Molecular Structural Biology, MPI of Biochemistry 2009 – 2011 Postdoctoral Associate, Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell

Relevant Publications 1. TeYu Chien, L. F. Kourkoutis, J. Chakhalian, B. Gray, M. Kareev, N. Guisinger, D. A. Muller, J. Freeland, “Visualizing short range charge transfer at the interfaces between ferromagnetic and superconducting oxides,” Nat. Commun. 4, 2336 (2013). 2. L. F. Kourkoutis, J. M. Plitzko, W. Baumeister, “Electron microscopy of biological materials at the nanometer scale,” Annu. Rev. Mater. Res. 42, 33 (2012). 3. L. F. Kourkoutis, J.H. Song, H. Y. Hwang, D. A. Muller, “Stabilizing metallic ferromagnetism in (La0.7Sr0.3MnO3)5/(SrTiO3)5 multilayers,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 107, 11682, (2010). 4. D. A. Muller, L. F. Kourkoutis, M. Murfitt, J. H. Song, H. Y. Hwang, J. Silcox, N. Dellby, O. L. Krivanek, “Atomic-scale chemical imaging of composition and bonding by aberration-corrected microscopy,” Science 319, 1073, (2008). 5. L. F. Kourkoutis, C. Stephen Hellberg, V. Vaithyanathan, Hao Li, M. K. Parker, K. E. Andersen, D. G. Schlom, D. A. Muller, “Imaging the phase separation in atomically thin buried SrTiO3 layers by electron channeling,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 036101, (2008). 6. C. Richter, H. Boschker, W. Dietsche, R. Jany, F. Loder, L. F. Kourkoutis, D. A. Muller, J. R. Kirtley, C. W. Schneider, J. Mannhart, “Interface superconductor with gap behavior like a high-temperature superconductor,” Nature 502, 528, (2013). 7. L. F. Kourkoutis, X. Hao, S. Huang, P. Puthen-Veettil, G. Conibeer, M. A. Green, I. Perez-Wurfl, “Three-dimensional imaging for precise structural control of Si quantum dot networks for all-Si solar cells,” Nanoscale 5, 7499 (2013). 8. A. Gozar, G. Logvenov, L. F. Kourkoutis, A. T. Bollinger, L. A. Giannuzzi, D. A. Muller, I. Bozovic “High-temperature interface superconductivity between metallic and insulating copper oxides,” Nature 455, 782 (2008). 9. N. Reyren, S. Thiel, A. D. Caviglia, L. F. Kourkoutis, G. Hammerl, C. Richter, C. W. Schneider, T. Kopp, A.-S. Rüetschi, D. Jaccard, M. Gabay, D. A. Muller, J.-M. Triscone,

J. Mannhart, “Superconducting interfaces between insulating oxides,” Science 317, 1196 (2007). 10. L. F. Kourkoutis, Y. Hotta, T. Susaki, H. Y. Hwang, D. A. Muller “Nanometer scale electronic reconstruction at the interface between LaVO3 and LaVO4,”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 256803 (2006).

Synergistic Activities Educational outreach with the Cornell Center for Materials Research: REU and RET programs, outreach activities in local schools, youth activity centers and for homeschoolers (2003-present) Invited speaker and workshop leader at the Cornell Science Sampler Series for professional development of teachers in the areas of science, technology, engineering and math (2012) Development of 4th grade class room activity and lesson plan addressing NY State Intermediate Science learning standards (2012) Manuscript Referee for Physical Review Letters, Nature Communications, Microscopy and Microanalysis, European Physical Journal Applied Physics, Materials Science and Engineering B

Christopher K. Ober

Materials Science & Engineering 310 Bard Hall Phone: (607) 255-8417 Cornell University Fax: (607) 255-2365 Ithaca, NY 14853 Email: [email protected]

Professional Preparation University of Waterloo Chemistry B.S. 1978 University of Massachusetts, Amherst Polymer Science & Engineering M.S. 1980 University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Polymer Science & Engineering Ph.D. 1982

Recent Professional Appointments 2010 – Present Francis Bard Professor of Materials Engineering, Cornell University 2009 – 2010 Interim Dean of Engineering Director, Cornell University 2000 – 2003 Director, Materials Science & Engineering, Cornell University

Relevant Publications 1. Chakrabarty, S; Ouyang, C; Krysak, M; Trikeriotis, M; Cho, K; Giannelis, E. P.; Ober, C. K., Oxide nanoparticle EUV resists: toward understanding the mechanism of positive and negative tone patterning”, Proceedings of SPIE (2013), 8679(Pt. 1, Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Lithography IV), 867906/1-867906/8. 2. M Trikeriotis, M Krysak, YS Chung, C Ouyang, B Cardineau, R Brainard, C K. Ober, E P. Giannelis, K Cho, “Nanoparticle photoresists from HfO2 and ZrO2 for EUV patterning”, Journal of Photopolymer Science and Technology, 25(5), 583, 2012. 3. M. Y. Paik, J. K. Bosworth, D.-M. Smilgies, E. L. Schwartz, X. André, C. K. Ober, “Reversible Morphology Control in Block Copolymer Films via Solvent Vapor Processing: An In-Situ GISAXS Study”, Macromolecules, (2010), 43(9), 4253-4260. 4. J. K. Bosworth, J Sha, C. T. Black, C. K. Ober, “Selective Area Control of Self- Assembled Pattern Architecture Using a Lithographically Patternable Block Copolymer”, ACS Nano, 2009, 3(7), pp 1761–1766. 5. J. K. Bosworth, M. Y. Paik, R. Ruiz, E. L. Schwartz, J. Q. Huang, A. W. Ko, D.-M. Smilgies, C. T. Black and C. K. Ober, “Control of Self Assembly of Lithographically- Patternable Block Copolymer Films”, ACS Nano, (2008), 2(7), 1396-1402. 6. Lin Chen, Héloïse Thérien-Aubin, Mavis C.Y. Wong, Eric M.V. Hoek, Christopher K. Ober, "Improved Antifouling Properties of Polymer Membranes Using 'Layer-by-layer' Mediated Methods", Journal of Materials Chemistry B: Materials for Biology and Medicine (2013), 1(41), 5651-5658. 7. Thérien-Aubin, Héloise; Chen, Lin; Ober, Christopher K., "Fouling-Resistant Polymer Brush Coatings", Polymer, 2011, 52(24), 5419-5425. 8. Yosuke Hoshi, Youyong Xu, Christopher K. Ober, “Photo-cleavable, anti-fouling polymer brushes: a simple and versatile platform for multicomponent protein patterning”, Polymer, 2013, 54(7), 1762-1767. 9. M. Elizabeth Welch, Nicole L. Ritzert, Hongjun Chen, Norah L. Smith, Michele E. Tague, Youyong Xu, Barbara A. Baird, Héctor D. Abruña, and Christopher K. Ober, "A Generalized Platform for Antibody Detection using the Antibody Catalyzed Water Oxidation Pathway", J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2014, 136 (5), pp 1879–1883.

10. Z. Zhou, P. Yu, H. M. Geller and C. K. Ober, “Patterned polymer brush containing tethered acetylcholine analogues to guide hippocampal neuronal adhesion and neurite growth”, Biomacromolecules, 14(2), 529-537, 2013.

Synergistic Activities President IUPAC Polymer Division (2008 – 2011) Member of the Advisory Board of Illinois Beckman Institute (present) Member, Chemistry of Materials Editorial Board (2009 – present) Member, ACS PRF Advisory Board (2004-2010) Associate Editor, Macromolecules (1995-2010). Chair, PMSE division of the American Chemical Society (2000-2001) Chair, Advisory Board of MPI for Polymer Research (1/08 to 12/09)

Colin P. Please

Mathematical Institute Andrew Wiles Building University of Oxford Phone: +44 1865 270505 Oxford OX2 6GG, U.K. Email: [email protected]

Professional Preparation Southampton University Engineering Mathematics B.Sc. 1974 University of Oxford Mathematics M.Sc. 1975 University of Oxford Mathematics DPhil. 1978

Recent Professional Appointments 2014 – Present Co-Director, EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Industrially Focused Mathematical Modelling, Mathematical Institute, Oxford 2012 – Present Professor of Applied Mathematics, Mathematical Institute, Oxford 2009 – 2011 OCCAM Visiting Fellow, OCCAM, Oxford 2006 – 2011 QUT Adjunct Professor, Department of Mathematical Sciences, Brisbane, Australia. 2004 – 2005 QUT Visiting Fellow, Department of Mathematical Sciences, Brisbane, Australia. 2000 – 2012 Professor, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK 1998 – 2000 Reader, Department of Mathematics, University of Southampton 1994 – 1998 Senior Lecturer, Department of Mathematics, University of Southampton 1991 – 1992 Visiting Professor, Department of Mathematical Studies, RPI 1987 – 1994 Lecturer, Department of Mathematics, University of Southampton 1984 – 1986 Research assistant, Mathematics Department, Reading University, England. 1984 Research assistant, Mathematical Institute, Oxford University, England. 1983 Freelance consultant for SEC, Queensland, Australia. 1982 – 1983 Environmental Section, QEGB, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. 1979 – 1982 Mathematics Section, CEGB, Leatherhead, England. 1977 – 1979 Hirst Research Centre, General Electric Company, Wembley, England.

Relevant Publications 1. Ranom R., Richardson G., Please C.P., Steady state solution during discharge in lithium ion batteries with Tafel kinetics, ICCEIB-SOMChE 2011, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Kuantan, 28 November – 1 December 2011. 2. Richardson G.W., Denuault G., Please C.P., Multiscale modelling and analysis of lithium-ion battery charge and discharge, J. Eng. Math., DOI: 10.1007/s10665-011- 9461-9, 2011. 3. Johansen J.F., Farrell T.W., Please C.P., Modelling of Primary alkaline battery cathodes: A simplified model, J. Power Sources, 156(2), pp645-654, 2006. 4. Farrell, T.W., Please C.P., Primary alkaline battery cathodes: A simplified model for porous manganese oxide particle discharge, J. Electrochem. Soc.,152(10), A1930- A1941, 2005. 5. Gac A., Atkinson J.K., Zhang Z., Sexton C.J., Lewis S.M., Please C.P., Sion R., Investigation of the fabrication parameters of thick film oxide-PVC pH electrodes using 49

experimental designs, Microelectronics International, 21(3), pp44-53, 2004. 6. Farrell T.W., Please C.P., McElwain D.L.S., Swinkels D.A.J., Primary alkaline battery cathodes: a three scale model, J. Electrochem. Soc., 147, pp4034-4044, 2000. 7. Friedrich Daniel, Please Colin P., Melvin Tracy,, Design of novel microfluidic concentration gradient generators suitable for linear and exponential concentration ranges, Chemical Engineering Journal, 193–194, 296–303, 2012. 8. Lewis R.M., Brooks S., Crocker I.P., Glazier J., Hanson M.A., Johnstone E.D., Panitchob M., Please C.P., Sibley C.P., Widdowsb K.L., Sengers B.G., Review: Modelling placental amino acid transfer - From transporters to placental function, Placenta, 2012, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2012.10.010, 9. Chapman S.J., Fitt A.D., Please C.P., Extrusion of power-law shear-thinning fluids with small exponent, Intl. J. Non-linear Mech., 32, pp187-199, 1997. 10. Dunsmore W., Pitts G., Lewis S.M., Please C.P., Sexton C.J., Carden P.C., Developing methodologies for robust mechanical engineering design, Proc. I. Mech. E. series B – J. Engineering Manufacture, 211, pp179-188, 1997. 11. Self R.H., Please C.P., Sluckin T.J., Traveling-wave relaxation in elongated liquid crystal cells, Phys. Rev. E, 60, pp R5029-R5032, 1999. 12. Fitt A.D., Furusawa K., Monro T.M., Please C.P., Richardson D.J., The mathematical modelling of capillary drawing for holey fibre manufacture, J. Eng. Math., 43 pp201- 227, 2001.

Synergistic Activities: Until 2014 I was chairman of the scientific committee of the Industrial Mathematics Knowledge Transfer Network run by the Smith Institute for facilitating and transferring mathematical ideas from academia into industry. Regular mentor for “Graduate Modeling Camps” in UK / USA and South Africa training graduates in modelling techniques, and invited participant in over 80 Study Groups with Industry worldwide. Long-term interaction with RPI / U Del / WPI on Mathematical Study Groups with Industry (MPI) and specifically Pall Cooperation (since 1992) and W.L Gore & Associates on modeling of physical problems and particularly filtering technologies Long term interest in modeling battery behavior including connection in Australia and funded UK grants with Chapman and Goriely. Co-Director (and Principal Investigator), EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training (CDT) in Industrially Focused Mathematical Modelling. This new doctoral programme launched in 2014 has 39 industrial partners and aims to train the next generation of mathematical modellers to tackle challenges from companies.

Robert F. Shepherd

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering 231 Thurston Hall Phone: (607) 255-8654 Cornell University Fax: (607) 255-1222 Ithaca, NY 14850-2824 Email: [email protected] mae.cornell.edu/research/groups/shepherd

Professional Preparation University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign Material Science & Eng. B.S. 2002 University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaig Business Administration MBA 2009 University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign Material Science & Eng. Ph.D. 2010 Harvard University Chemistry & Chemical Bio. Postdoc 2010-12

Appointments 2013 – Present Field faculty member of Material Science & Engineering, Cornell 2012 – Present Assistant Professor, Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Cornell 2009 – 2012 Chief Executive Officer, Liquid Glass Tech.

Relevant Publications 1. Shepherd, R.F.; Stokes, A.A.; Whitesides, G.M.; “Soft Machines that are Resistant to Puncture and that Self Seal,” Advanced Materials (2013). 2. Shepherd, R.F.; Sabuwala, T.; Conrad, J.C.; Gioia, G.; Lewis, J.A.; “The structural evolution of cuboidal granular media,” Soft Matter 8(17):4795-4801, (2012). 3. Morin, S.A.; Shepherd, R.F.; Kwok, S.; Stokes, A.A.; Nemiroski, A.; Whitesides, G.M.; “Camouflage and Display for Soft Machines,” Science 337(6096):828-832, (2012). 4. Ilievski, F.; Mazzeo, A.D.; Shepherd, R.F.; Chen, X.; Whitesides, G.M. “Soft Robotics for Chemists,” Angewandte Chemie-International Edition 50(8):1890-1895, (2011). 5. Shepherd, R.F.; Ilievski, F.; Choi, W.; Morin, S.A.; Stokes, A.A.; Mazzeo, A.D.; Chen, X.; Wang, M.; Whitesides, G.M.; “Multigait soft robot,” PNAS 108(51):20400-20403, (2011). 6. Shepherd, R.F.; Panda, P.; Bao, Z.; Lewis, J.A.; Sandhage, K.H.; Hatton, T.A.; Doyle, P.S.; “Stop-Flow Lithography of Colloidal, Glass, and Silicon Microcomponents,” Advanced Materials 20(24):4734-4739, (2008). 7. Shepherd, R.F.; Conrad, J.C.; Rhodes, S.K.; Link, D.R.; Marquez, M.; Weitz, D.A.; Lewis, J.A.; “Microfluidic assembly of homogeneous and janus colloid-filled hydrogel granules,” Langmuir 22(21):8618-8622, (2002).

Synergistic Activities Developing a program in Ithaca, NY community for K-12 students to manufacture soft robotics in the classroom. Developed a product design course for undergraduate students, with an outreach component to demonstrate engineering principles at the local children’s Science Center. Mentored local high school student volunteers over the summer to manufacture new soft robotics.

Ulrich B. Wiesner

Materials Science and Engineering 329 Bard Hall Phone: (607) 255-3487 Cornell University Fax: (607) 255- 2365 Ithaca, NY 14853 Email: [email protected] http://wiesner.mse.cornell.edu/

Professional Preparation Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, DEU, Chemistry Diploma 1988 University & MPI for Polymer Research, Mainz, DEU Chemistry Ph.D. 1991 ESPCI, Paris, France Polymers Postdoc 1991-93 University & MPI for Polymer Research, Mainz, DEU Phys. Chem. Postdoc 1998

Recent Professional Appointments 2008 – Present Spencer T. Olin Professor of Engineering, Cornell 2005 – Present Professor, Material Sciences & Engineering, Cornell 1999 – 2005 Associate Professor, Material Sciences & Engineering, Cornell 1998 – 1999 Tenured Staff, Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz 1993 – 1998 Scientific assistant at the Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research

Relevant Publications 1. Marques, D.S.; Dorin, R.M.; Wiesner, U.; Smilgies, D.M.; Behzad, A.R.; Vainio, U.; Peinemann, K.V.; Nunes, S.P.; “Time-resolved GISAXS and cryo-microscopy characterization of block copolymer membrane formation,” Polymer, doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2013.11.010, (2013). 2. Dorin, R.M.; Phillip, W.A.; Sai, H.; Werner, J.; Elimelech, M.; Wiesner, U.; “Designing Block Copolymer Architectures for Targeting Membrane Performance,” Polymer, doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2013.09.038, (2013). 3. Gu, Y.; Dorin, R.M.; Wiesner, U.; “Asymmetric Organic-Inorganic Membrane Formation via Block Copolymer-Nanoparticle Co-Assembly,” Nano Letters 13, 5323-5335, (2013). 4. Pendergast, M.M.; Dorin, R.M.; Phillip, W.A.; Wiesner, U.; Hoek, E.M.V.; “Understanding the Structure and Performance of Self-Assembled Triblock Terpolymer Self-Assembled Membranes,” J. Membrane Sci. 444 461-468, (2013). 5. Dorin, R.M.; Salomon Marques, D.; Sai, H.; Vainio, U.; Phillip, W.A.; Peinemann, K.V.; Nunes, S.P.; Wiesner, U.; “Solution Small Angle X ray Scattering as a Screening and Predictive Tool in the Fabrication of Asymmetric Block Copolymer Membranes,” ACS Macro Letters 1, 614−617, (2012). 6. Phillip, W.A.; Dorin, R.M.; Werner, J.; Hoek, E.M.V.; Wiesner, U.; Elimelech, M.; “Tuning Structure and Properties of Graded Triblock Terpolymer-Based Mesoporous and Hybrid Films,” Nano Letters 11, 2892-2900, (2011). 7. Sai, H.; Tan, K.W.; Hur, K.; Asenath-Smith, E.; Hovden, R.; Jiang, Y.; Riccio, M.; Muller, D.A.; Elser, V.; Estroff, L.A.; Gruner, S.M.; Wiesner, U.; “Hierarchical porous polymer scaffolds from block copolymers,” Science 341, 530-534, (2013). 8. Suteewong, T.; Sai, H.; Hovden, R.; Muller, D.A.; Bradbury, M.; Gruner, S.M.; Wiesner, U.; “Multicompartment mesoporous silica nanoparticles with branched shapes: An epitaxial growth mechanism,” Science 340, 337-341, (2013). 9. Arora, H.; Du, P.; Tan, K.W.; Hyun, J.; Gratzul, J.; Xin, H.L.; Muller, D.; Thompson, M.; Wiesner, U.; “Block Copolymer Self-Assembly Directed Single-Crystal Homo- and Heteroepitaxial Nanostructures,” Science 330, 214-219, (2010). 52

10. Noginov, M.A.; Zhu, G.; Belgrave, A.M.; Bakker, R.; Shalaev, V.M.; Narimanov, E.E.; Stout, S.; Herz, E.; Suteewong, T.; Wiesner, U.; “Demonstration of a spaser-based nanolaser,” 460 Nature 1110-1112, (2009). 11. Warren, S.C.; Messina, L.C.; Slaughter, L.S.; Kamperman, M.; Zhou, Q.; Gruner, S.M.; DiSalvo, F.J.; Wiesner, U.; “Ordered mesoporous materials from metal nanoparticle- block copolymer self-assembly,” Science 320, 1748-1752, (2008). 12. Cho, B.K.; Jain, A.; Gruner, S.M.; Wiesner, U.; “Mesophase Structure-Mechanical and Ionic Transport Correlations in Extended Amphiphilic Dendrons,” Science 305, 1598- 1601, (2004).

Synergistic Activities Development of new courses in Cornell’s Materials Science & Engineering curriculum: MS&E 523 ‘Physics of Soft Matter’ and MS&E 601 ‘Chemistry of Materials’. Involvement of over 25 UG students over the last years in hybrid materials research Collaboration with Norfolk State University (NST, an HBCU) on IGERT & PREM programs with a lot of students exchanges and outreach activities. Active participant of the CCMR Industrial Collaboration Programs (ICP) and annual Symposia since 1999.

Roseanna N. Zia

Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering 344 Olin Hall Phone (607) 254-3353 Cornell University Fax: (607) 254-9166 Ithaca, NY 14853 Email: [email protected] http://www.icse.cornell.edu/ziagroup/

Professional Preparation University of Missouri Mechanical Engineering BSME 1995 University of Michigan Manufacturing Engineering MEng 1999 California Institute of Tech. Mechanical Engineering Ph.D. 2011 Princeton University Mechanical Engineering Post-doc 2012

Recent Professional Appointments 2013 – Present Assistant Professor, Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell 2013 – Present James C. & Rebecca Q. Morgan Sesquincentennial Faculty Fellow, Cornell 2011 – 2012 Postdoctoral Scholar, Mechanical Engineering, Princeton 2006 – 2011 Graduate Research Assistant, Mechanical Engineering, Calif. Institute of Technology

Relevant Publications 1. Roseanna N. Zia and John F. Brady. “Single particle motion in colloids: force-induced diffusion.” J. Fluid Mech. 658, 188-210 (2010). 2. J.W. Swan, J.F. Brady, R.S. Moore, L. Dooling, N.J. Hoh, J. Choi, & R.N. Zia. “Modeling hydrodynamic self-propulsion with Stokesian Dynamics. Or teaching Stokesian Dynamics to swim.” Phys. Fluids., 23(7), 071901(1-19) (2011). 3. Roseanna N. Zia and John F. Brady, “Microviscosity, microdiffusivity, and normal stresses.” J. Rheol., 56, 1175-1208 (2012). 4. Roseanna N. Zia and John F. Brady, “Stress relaxation in nonlinear microrheology: startup and cessation.” J. Rheol 57(2), 1-36 (2013). 5. J.W. Swan and R.N. Zia, “Active microrheology of colloidal dispersions: fixed-velocity versus fixed-force.” Phys. Fluids, 25(8), 083303(1-23) (2013). 6. J.W. Swan, R.N. Zia, and J.F. Brady, “Large amplitude oscillatory microrheology in colloidal dispersions.” J. Rheol., 58(1), 1-41 (2014) Cover of Journal. 7. N.Y.C. Lin, S. Goyal, X. Cheng, R.N. Zia, F. Escobedo, and I. Cohen, "Far-from- equilibrium sheared colloidal liquids: Disentangling relaxation, advection, and shear- induced diffusion." Phys. Rev. E, 88, 062309 (2013) 8. R.N. Zia, B.J. Landrum, and W.B. Russel, "Structure and rheology in aging colloidal gels: a micro-mechanical perspective." J. Rheol (in submission) Invited Contribution. 9. N.J. Hoh and R.N. Zia, “Microrheology of colloidal dispersions of hydrodynamically interacting particles: microdiffusivity, microviscosity, and stress.” (in preparation) 10. E.W. Burkholder & R.N. Zia, “Microrheology of attractive colloidal dispersions.” (in prep.)

Synergistic Activities Journal referee: Physical Review Letters; Journal of Rheology; Journal of Fluid Mechanics; Rheologica Acta; Physics of Fluids; Journal of Chemical Physics; Journal of New Physics. Broadening the participation of groups underrepresented in STEM. a. Chemical Engineering portion of the Curie Academy at Cornell (2012, 2013). b. Chemical Engineering portion of the CATALYST Academy at Cornell (2013). Contributions of Service to Scientific Societies a. Session Organizer, AIChE Annual Meetings (2012, 2013, 2014). b. Session Organizer, Society of Rheology Conference (2013). c. Symposium Organizer, ASME-Applied Mechanics Summer Conference (2013). d. Symposium Organizer, US Nat’l Conference of Theoretical & Applied Mech. (2014). e. AIChE Fluids Programming Committee (elected), (2014-2019). Open-Access Publishing Committee (appointed), Society of Rheology (2013-14). Publication Award Selection Committee, Society of Rheology (2014-15).