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Washington National Guard Pamphlet

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Washington National Guard Pamphlet WASH ARNG PAM 870-1-4 WASH ANG PAM 210-1-4 WASHINGTON NATIONAL GUARD PAMPHLET THE OFFICIAL HISTORY OF THE WASHINGTON NATIONAL GUARD VOLUME 4 THE WASHINGTON NATIONAL GUARD IN THE PHILIPPINE INSURRECTION HEADQUARTERS MILITARY DEPARTMENT STATE OF WASHINGTON OFFICE OF THE ADJUTANT GENERAL CAMP MURRAY, TACOMA 33, WASHINGTON THIS VOLUME IS A TRUE COPY THE ORIGINAL DOCUMENT ROSTERS HEREIN HAVE BEEN REVISED BUT ONLY TO PUT EACH UNIT, IF POSSIBLE, WHOLLY ON A SINGLE PAGE AND TO ALPHABETIZE THE PERSONNEL THEREIN DIGITIZED VERSION CREATED BY WASHINGTON NATIONAL GUARD STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY VOLUME 4 WASHINGTON NATIONAL GUARD IN THE PHILIPPINE INSURRECTION CHAPTER PAGE I WASHINGTON TERRITORIAL MILITIA IN THE .......................... 1 POST CIVIL WAR PERIOD II WASHINGTON TERRITORIAL MILITIA IN THE .......................... 7 NEZ PERCE WAR OF 1877 III WASHINGTON TERRITORIAL MILITIA IN THE ........................41 BANNOCK INDIAN WAR OF 1878 IV BEGINNING OF THE ORGANIZED MILITIA IN ..........................66 THE TERRITORY OF WASHINGTON V WASHINGTON TERRITORY ORGANIZED MILITIA ..................89 IN THE CHINESE INCIDENT IN SEATTLE VI ORGANIZATION OF THE FIRST AND SECOND ...................... 102 REGIMENTS, WASHINGTON NATIONAL GUARD VII EARLY USE OF THE WASHINGTON NATIONAL ................... 117 GUARD IN STATE EMERGENCIES VIII WASHINGTON NATIONAL GUARD IN THE ............................ 149 PRE-PHILIPPINE INSURRECTION PERIOD IX WASHINGTON NATIONAL GUARD IN THE ............................ 169 PHILIPPINE INSURRECTION, 1898-1899 X ROSTERS OF FIRST REGIMENT OF WASHINGTON .............. 174 UNITED STATES VOLUNTEERS - i - - ii - CHAPTER I WASHINGTON TERRITORIAL MILLITIA DURING THE POST CIVIL WAR PERIOD Following the end of the Civil War and the mustering out of the First Washington Territory Infantry, the Indians in Washington Territory remained fairly peaceful thereby permitting the citizens of Washington Territory to recover their economy which had been wrecked by conflicts with the Indians during the past decade. However, in the adjacent State of Oregon and the Territory of Idaho, sporadic outbreaks by the Indians continued for the ensuing decade. It may be recalled that Major General Henry Wager Halleck had replaced Major General Irvin McDowell in command of the Division of the Pacific and had cited to General Grant the need for a Cavalry regiment on the Pacific Coast. His request was granted and War Department records indicate that elements of the First Cavalry Regiment were operating in the Oregon-Washington-Idaho area in July of 1866. although the Headquarters, Staff and Band of the regiment were then stationed at Benicia Arsenal, California. Base of operations of these and elements of the 14th Infantry was at Fort Walla Walla. In the meantime, Major General George Crook had assumed command of the Department of the Columbia, vice Brigadier General Wright, drowned. General Crook was born in Ohio and entered the United States Military Academy from that state on July 1, 1848. He was breveted Second Lieutenant of the 4th Infantry regiment upon his graduation from West Point on July 1, 1852 and appointed a Second Lieutenant in the same regiment on July 7, 1853; First Lieutenant March 11, 1856; and Captain on May 14, 1861. Appointed a Brigadier General of the Volunteers on September 7,1862, he served throughout the Civil War and was honorably mustered out of the Volunteer service as a Major General on January 15, 1866. He was then assigned to the 3rd Infantry Regiment on July 18,1866 in the grade of Major. He was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel of the 23rd Infantry Regiment on July 28,1866 and to Brigadier General of the regular army on October 29,1873. During the Civil War he was breveted a Major on May 23,1862 for gallant and meritorious service in the battle of Lewisburg, West Virginia, and to Lieutenant Colonel for similar service on September 17,1862 at the battle of Antietam, Maryland. In the battle of Farmington, Tennessee, he again was cited for gallant and meritorious service and was breveted a Colonel. Continuing his gallant service in the battles of West Virginia in 1864 and at Fisher's Hill, Virginia in 1864, he was breveted Brigadier General and Major General on March 13,1865. He was promoted to Major General of the regular army on April 6, 1888 and died still in service on March 21,1890. In February and again in May of 1866, elements of the Second Battalion, 14th Infantry were engaged in operations against hostile Indians in the Jordan Creek area of Oregon and on the Owyhee River. Company I of the First Cavalry was engaged in several battles with the Indians in the Malheur- Lake Harney area in the latter part of August and again in September along Dunder and Blitzen Creek. During the remainder of 1866, Company I engaged in several more skirmishes in the John Day River- Trout Lake-Lake Albert and Harney Lake areas. These engagements continued in 1867. By this time most of the First Cavalry companies and one company of the 8th Cavalry were operating in Washington, Oregon and Idaho from Fort Walla Walla, Fort Boise and Camp Harney. In these engagements companies of the 23rd Infantry regiment were also used. These combined troops engaged in eighteen battles with the Indians in 1867 and in 1868 a total of twenty engagements were fought. Only major incident arising in Washington Territory during this period was at Neah Bay in April, 1866. Report of General Crook to the Secretary of War indicates that he dispatched First Lieutenant Amandus C. Kistler, 14th Infantry, with 130 men and two howitzers from Fort Steilacoom to quell an uprising. Arriving there on the 21st of April, he succeeded in putting the uprising to an end and returned with 18 prisoners, 6 of whom were tried for murder. In the meantime, the citizens of Washington Territory, living in comparative peace, made little attempt to organize an effective territorial militia. However, the Legislative Assembly continued to regularly elect the officials of the militia as required by law. Only evidence uncovered during this period - 1 - are reports submitted by County Sheriffs giving the numbers of persons eligible for militia duty. These reports were apparently consolidated by the Territorial Adjutant General and submitted to the Adjutant General of the Army to enable the Territory to receive its regular quota of arms. Reports of the Quartermaster General published in the minutes of the Legislative Assembly indicate receipt of annual quotas for the Territory. In 1869, troops of the regular army were stationed in Washington Territory as follows: Headquarters of both the First Cavalry and the 23rd Infantry were at Fort Vancouver; Company G, 23rd Infantry at Fort Colville; Company F, 23rd Infantry at San Juan; and Company L, Second Artillery manned the guns at Cape Disappointment. Troops at Fort Steilacoom had been moved to Alaska. At its first Bienniel session in 1869, the Legislative Assembly elected the following officials of the Territory Militia: William Huntington of Castle Rock as Adjutant General. Mr. Huntington at that time was United States Marshal of the Territory. He also served as Postmaster of Castle Rock. He continued in the office of Adjutant General until October of 1873 when he was replaced by Mr. Frank Guttenberg of Seattle. Mr. John M. Murphy of Olympia was reelected, Quartermaster General and served until October 1869, when he was replaced by Mr. F. M. Sargent. James McAuliff of Walla Walla was elected Commissary General and served until his term expired in 1869. Mr. James Crawford was elected in 1869 and served only a short time as Commissary General when he was replaced by Mr. Charles Wood of Jefferson County. Mr. Wood served until January 26. 1871 when the Governor appointed Mr. A. J. C. Clement Territorial Secretary to fill the unexpired term ending 29 October 1871. Mr. E. S. Fowler of Port Townsend was reelected Brigadier General of the Territorial Militia. At their regular session in 1871, the Legislative Assembly elected Mr. R. C. Fay as Commissary General and Mr. Arthur Phinney of Port Ludlow as Brigadier general or the Militia. Mr. F. M. Sargent was reelected Quartermaster General. In October l873, Mr. G. F. Thomas was elected Quartermaster General; Mr. E. A. Wilson of Port Townsend Commissary General and Mr. S. W. Hovey of Teekelet Brigadier General. In 1875, Guttenburg, Thomas and Wilson were all re-elected and Mr. Edward Shiel replaced Mr. Hovey as Brigadier General. This election was the last for the Legislative Assembly due to a change in the National Militia laws, which provided that all Militia Officers would thereafter be elected by the people at General Elections. In 1871, the 23rd Infantry regiment was replaced by the 21st Infantry and the First Cavalry was withdrawn to Oregon and California. Companies C and I, 21st Infantry garrisoned Fort Vancouver; Company H, 21st Infantry was at San Juan; Company E, 21st Infantry at Fort Colville; and Company E, Second Artillery continued to garrison Cape Disappointment. Troops at San Juan were removed to Fort Townsend during the year, following the settlement of the San Juan imbroglio by the Emperor of Germany. The estimated strength or Indians in Washington Territory by the Interior Department in 1872 was 13,792, of which 1200 were of the Puyallup tribe; 3600 Duwamish; 604 Makahs; 919 Klallams; 520 Quinalts; 3,000 Yakimas; 600 Chehalis and 3,349 Colvilles (Spokanes). With the outbreak of the Modoc Indians in 1873, federal troops returned to Fort Walla Walla. Practically all the troops of the Department of the Columbia, some from California, and some militia volunteers participated in this engagement. During the epic battle in the Lava Beds from the 11th to the 20th of August, the following troops participated: Companies B, F, G, H and K, First Cavalry; Companies A, E, K, and M, 4th Artillery; Companies F and G, 12th Infantry; and Companies B, C, I and F, 21st Infantry.
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