Switzerland - a Hiking Paradise
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1. Switzerland – Facts and Figures
1. Switzerland – facts and figures. Nestled between the Alps and the Jura mountains, Swit- the two largest of which are shared with its neighbors: for example zerland is a communications and transport center between Lake Geneva (Lac Leman) in the South-West with France, while northern and southern Europe where European cultures and Lake Constance in the North-East is shared with Germany and languages meet. No other country offers such great variety in Austria. so small an area. The Swiss economy’s high degree of devel- opment exists thanks to its liberal economic system, its po- litical stability and its close integration with the economies of An overview of Switzerland other countries. The state creates the necessary framework and only intervenes when this serves the interests of society www.swissworld.org at large. Its high quality education system and outstanding Languages: German, English, French, Italian, Spanish, Russian, infrastructure form the basis for the competitiveness of the Chinese, Japanese Swiss economy. 1.1 Geography. Fig. 2: Map showing the location of Switzerland The total area of Switzerland is 41,285 km2. Characterized by mountain and hill ranges, rivers and lakes, Switzerland offers a wide variety of landscapes in a small area – 220 km from North to South, and 348 km from West to East. The Swiss Alps, the hilly Mittelland region, which stretches from Lake Constance to Lake Geneva, and the Swiss Jura, a long range of fold mountains, form the three main geographical areas of the country. Due to its central location, Switzerland is a place where different cultures intersect and, at the same time, a communications and transportation hub between northern and southern Europe. -
Climate Change and Tourism in Switzerland : a Survey on Impacts, Vulnerability and Possible Adaptation Measures
Climate Change and Tourism in Switzerland : a Survey on Impacts, Vulnerability and Possible Adaptation Measures Cecilia Matasci, Juan‐Carlos Altamirano‐Cabrera 1 Research group on the Economics and Management of the Environment Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, CH1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, [email protected] The tourism industry is particularly affected by climate change, being very climate‐ and weather‐ dependent. Moreover, particularly in the Alpine region, it is specially exposed to natural hazards. Nonetheless, this industry is an important pillar of the Swiss economy, providing employment and generating income. Then, it becomes essential to reduce its vulnerability and starting implementing adaptation measures. In order to do so, it is important to define which areas face which problems and to recognize vulnerability hot spots. This motivation comes from the prospect that the largest environmental, social and economic damages are likely to be concentrated in vulnerable areas. This article presents an overview of the current state of the knowledge on the impacts, the vulnerability and the possible adaptation measures of the tourism industry in relation to climate change. Moreover, it presents different methods that could help assessing this vulnerability, referring in particular to the Swiss situation. This is the first step toward the establishment of the vulnerability analysis and the consequent examination of possible adaptation measures. Keywords: climate change, adaptation, vulnerability, tourism, Switzerland Introduction Climate change is a global phenomenon, but its effects occur on a local scale. Moreover, these effects have a clear impact on economic activities. An example of an activity heavily affected is tourism. Tourism is closely interlinked with climate change both as culprit and as victim. -
2021 Rhine Castles & Swiss Alps
2021 Rhine Castles & Swiss Alps 7NIGHT CRUISE Discover fairytale castles and historic vineyards as part of this spectacular Rhine River cruise fantasy. Start by exploring the canalladen city of Amsterdam, with its neat rows of buildings and rich history. Then it’s off to Germany, where you’ll discover not only the grand city of Cologne but charming villages like the winemaking hamlet of Rudesheim and the university town of Heidelberg. Enjoy cruising through the UNESCOdesignated Rhine Gorge, where 40 castles are strung like pearls along the river banks. Cross the border into France’s Alsace region in enchanting Strasbourg and take in spectacular panoramas of the Swiss Alps. Encompassing the Netherlands, Germany, France and Switzerland, as well as iconic landmarks and majestic mountain landscapes, this distinctive itinerary is truly a dream come true. OVERVIEW: DAY DESTINATION ACTIVITIES 1 AMSTERDAM EMBARKATION 2 AMSTERDAM Canal cruise tour Scenic cruising out of Amsterdam 3 COLOGNE “Holy City” walking tour and cathedral visit OR Kölsch beer and local specialties tasting OR Cologne bike tour 4 RHINE GORGE Castles along the Rhine scenic cruising Rüdesheim wine tasting OR Gondola ride OR Vineyard hike OR Guided bike tour of the Rheingau Siegfried’s Mechanical Musical Instrument Museum OR Rüdesheimer Coffee 5 LUDWIGSHAFEN “Romantic Heidelberg” excursion OR Heidelberg Philosopher’s hike OR “Secrets of Speyer” tour OR Ladenburg bike tour 6 STRASBOURG “The Gem of Alsace” tour OR Strasbourg bike tour 7 BASEL “City of Art” tour OR Three countries bike tour OR Lucerne FullDay Tour Lucerne HalfDay Tour 8 BASEL DISEMBARKATION ITINERARY DETAILS: Day 1, AMSTERDAM. -
Seminar Comparative Constitutional Law Switzerland – China – Hong Kong
Seminar Comparative Constitutional Law Switzerland – China – Hong Kong Freedom of Speech and Assembly in China, Hong Kong and Switzerland Prof. Dr. Christine Kaufmann and Prof. Dr. Johannes Chan Nicole Fröhlich Im Staubenweidli 15 8820 Wädenswil 079 271 66 31 [email protected] University of Zürich Law Faculty 4th Semester Zürich, September 15, 2008 Bibliography _______________________________________________________________ I Abbreviations _____________________________________________________________IV Introduction _____________________________________________________________- 1 - 1. Freedom of Speech and Assembly in China ________________________________- 1 - 1.1 Development __________________________________________________________ - 1 - 1.1.1 Individual Rights in Traditional China ___________________________________________ - 1 - 1.1.2 Individual Rights in the PRC___________________________________________________ - 2 - 1.2 Sources of Law ________________________________________________________ - 3 - 1.2.1 Domestic Law ______________________________________________________________ - 3 - 1.2.2 International Law ___________________________________________________________ - 3 - 1.3 Content ______________________________________________________________ - 4 - 1.3.1 Subjects ___________________________________________________________________ - 4 - 1.3.2 Scope_____________________________________________________________________ - 4 - 1.3.3 Restrictions ________________________________________________________________ - 5 - 1.4 -
Introduction to Swiss Law
Introduction to Swiss Law Third Edition Edited by F. Dessemontet and T. Ansay KLUWER LAW NTERNATIONAL Table of Contents General Introduction xvii Acknowledgements xviii Abbreviations xix Chapter 1. Introduction 1 Joseph Voyame I. Overview of Swiss History and Political Institutions 1 A. Birth, Growing Pains B. Ancient Historical Institutions: The Diet and Confederal Arbitration C. Modern Times II. Sources of Law 5 A. Enacted Law B. Customary Law C. Judicial Decisions D. Works of Legal Scholars III. Divisions of the Law (Public Law and Private Law) 8 IV. The 'Rule of Law' 10 A. In Theory B. In Practice C. Jus et Equitas V. Three Official Languages 11 VI. Conclusion 12 Chapter 2. The Swiss Federal Constitution 15 J.-F. Aubert and E. Grisel I. A Brief Description of the Constitution 15 A. The Nature ofthe Constitution B. The Style ofthe Constitution II. History of the Constitution 16 A. Until 1848 B. The Constitution of 1848 C. The Constitution of 1874 D. The Partial Revisions between 1874 and 1999 E. The Lang Way to a Totally Revised Constitution III. Modes of Revision 19 IV. General Contents ofthe Constitution 20 A. Fundamental Rules B. Injunctions upon the Legislator vi Introduction to Swiss Law V. Unwritten Rules Implied in the Constitution 23 VI. Measures of Control over the Application of the Constitution 23 A. Political Controls B. Judicial Controls VII. The Constitution and Political Reality 24 Selected Bibliography 26 Chapter 3. Cantonal and Federal Administrative Law of Switzerland 27 Thomas Fleiner I. Introduction 27 II. Constitutional Influences on Swiss Administrative Law 28 A. -
Biodiversity in Switzerland : Status and Trends
2017 > State of the environment > Biodiversity Biodiversity in Switzerland : Status and Trends Results of the biodiversity monitoring system in 2016 > Biodiversity in Switzerland: Status and Trends FOEN 2017 2 Publishing information Publisher Cover photo Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN) Bryum versicolor; Heike Hofmann The FOEN is an office of the Swiss Department of the Environment, Transport, Energy and Communication (DETEC). Photo credits Markus Thommen: 3 Authors Andreas Meyer (KARCH): 5, 72 Nicolas Gattlen, Kaisten Markus Bolliger: 6, 33, 34 Gregor Klaus, Rothenfluh Emanuel Ammon: 8 Glenn Litsios, FOEN, Species, Ecosystems, Landscape Division Yannick Chittaro (Info fauna – CSCF): 10 Anne Litsios-Dubuis: 12, 13, 44 FOEN advisors Kurt Bart: 28 Sarah Pearson and Gian-Reto Walther Adrian Möhl: 29 Marcel Burkhart, ornifoto.ch: 30 Contribution: Swisstopo: 38 Federal Office for the Environment Jérôme Pellet: 39 Francis Cordillot, Daniel Hefti, Gilles Rudaz, Gabriella Silvestri, Bruno Stadler, Michel Roggo, roggo.ch: 42 Béatrice Werffeli, Species, Ecosystems, Landscape Division Meike Hanne Seele/Ex-Press: 43 Reto Meier, Christoph Moor, Gaston Theis, Air Pollution Control and Christoph Scheidegger: 48 Chemicals Division Christian Koch, Julius Heinemann: 49 Andreas Hauser, Economics and Innovation Division Benoît Renevey, Ville de Lausanne: 50 Olivier Schneider, Forest Division Audrey Megali (CCO-Vaud): 52 Andreas Bachmann, Elena Havlicek, Bettina Hitzfeld, Jérémie Millot, Lotte Wegmann: 61 Roland Von Arx, Soil and Biotechnology Division -
Climate Change As a Threat to Tourism in the Alps
CLIMATE RESEARCH Vol. 20: 253–257, 2002 Published April 26 Clim Res Climate change as a threat to tourism in the Alps Hans Elsasser*, Rolf Bürki Economic Geography Division, Department of Geography, University of Zurich-Irchel, Winterthurerstr. 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland ABSTRACT: Switzerland’s economy depends heavily on tourism. For many alpine areas in the coun- try, winter tourism is the most important source of income, and snow-reliability is one of the key ele- ments of the offers made by tourism in the Alps. The financial viability of winter tourism, however, depends on sufficient snow conditions. The lack of snow at the end of the 1980s left a lasting imprint on the tourism industry. If the assumptions of the impacts of climate change hold true, snow cover in the Swiss Alps will diminish, and this will, in turn, jeopardise the tourism industry. 85% of Switzer- land’s current ski resorts can be designated as snow-reliable. If climate change occurs, the level of snow-reliability will rise from 1200 m up to 1800 m over the next few decades. Only 44% of the ski resorts would then still be snow-reliable. While some regions may be able to maintain their winter tourism with suitable adaptation strategies, others would lose all winter tourism due to a diminishing snow pack. Despite global warming, it is impossible to exclude the possibility of winters with heavy snowfall in the future (e.g. the winter of 1998/99, particularly February 1999). Climate change must be viewed as a catalyst that is reinforcing and accelerating the pace of structural changes in tourism. -
Swiss Commercial Contracts: Review of Recent Case Law
Jacques de Werra Swiss Commercial Contracts: Review of Recent Case Law This review presents a selection of recent cases decided by the Swiss Federal Supreme Court about commercial contracts governed by Swiss law. Category of articles: Kommentierte Rechtsprechungsübersicht Field of Law: Obligationenrecht Citation: Jacques de Werra, Swiss Commercial Contracts: Review of Recent Case Law, in: Jusletter 9. Dezember 2019 ISSN 1424-7410, jusletter.weblaw.ch, Weblaw AG, [email protected], T +41 31 380 57 77 Jacques de Werra, Swiss Commercial Contracts: Review of Recent Case Law, in: Jusletter 9. Dezember 2019 Table of contents 1. Introduction 2. Case law 2.1. General contract law principles 2.1.1. Shareholder agreement unenforceable because of excessive restriction of the personal freedom of a shareholder 2.1.2. Enforceability of a «no oral modification clause» 2.2. Regulated contracts 2.2.1. Contract of sale – no contract in case of ambiguous identification of the num- ber of shares to be sold in a share purchase agreement 2.2.2. Contract of sale – default of the buyer of a software product (default of the obligee) in case of contractual obligation of the seller to repair the defective good 2.2.3. Application of the CISG prevails over application of Swiss national contract law 2.2.4. Legal nature of a M&A advisory agreement (payment of the success fees in case of early termination of the agreement) 2.3. Unregulated contracts 2.3.1. Just cause of immediate termination of an excusive distribution agreement (not admitted because the alleged contractual breach was governed by another – or- dinary – contractual remedy) 2.3.2. -
Training Centre Swiss Armed Forces Inter National
TRAINING CENTRE SWISS ARMED FORCES INTER NATIONAL COMMAND Course guide 2021 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents 2 Introduction Commandant Training Centre SWISSINT 3 Infra structure 4 Mission & Task 5 General Information for all Courses 5 SUNMOC – Swiss United Nations Military Observer Course 7 KFOR SWISSCOY / EUFOR LOT Predeployment Training 9 SUNSOC – Swiss United Nations Staff Officer Course 11 ICPSO – Introductory Course to Peace Support Operations 12 PSOR – Peace Support Operations Refresher 12 HEAT – Hostile Environment Awareness Training 13 BST – Basic Security Training 14 BWT – Basic Weapons Training 15 Driving Training for Categories C1 / D1 16 TCCC/TC3 – Tactical Combat Casualty Care Provider Course 17 MMPC – Military Medical Personnel Course in the Balkans area 18 Host Nation Support to Geneva Centres Flagship Courses 19 Course Dates 20 4-PCE 21 Partnership Training and Education Centres (PTEC) 22 United Nations training location in Switzerland 23 Certifications 24 Welfare 25 How to find the Training Centre SWISSINT 26 How to Apply & Contact 27 2 INTRODUCTION COMMANDANT TRAINING CENTRE SWISSINT As commandant of the Training Centre Swiss Interna- tional Command (TC SWISSINT) I am in charge of the pre-deployment training for all Swiss military personnel sent abroad in the context of Peace Support Operations (PSO). Together with my staff we are committed to pro- viding high quality courses that meet both national and international standards. Throughout the year we offer a number of national and international courses specially designed to prepare individuals and contingents for deployment to crisis areas. Our priority is to assist our course participants in developing a “safety and securi- ty-first” attitude in all aspects of their work in whatever new and challenging environments they may encounter. -
WELCOME to the SWISS ALPS
ENGLISH בס"ד SWISSָ ALPS ===ש ֹׁום ֲ the ֵע ליכֶ to ם===WELCOME Insights into Swiss Customs 2 Welcometo to Switzerland Welcome Switzerland Switzerland is home to some most beautiful places, and especially the Swiss Alps are a popular destination for numerous Jewish travelers – you can discover many touristic attractions. There is a Jewish headcount of around 18,000 (around 0.2% of the total population) with a thriving Jewish religious life at different synagogues in several cities. This guide is intended to provide you with an overview not only on kosher food and synagogues, but also other important things which can be helpful during your visit. This guide is not a halachic guidebook. It may also be helpful to prevent frictions between Jewish tourists and the locals. Such frictions unfortunately have led to some very unpleasant reports about Jewish tourists in Switzerland. This is why we want to emphasize how essential it is to become familiar with Swiss culture and local codes of behavior when you prepare visiting Switzerland. We all represent the Jewish people, and this is a responsibility which we must take seriously. Thus we hope that this guide will help to clarify some of this kind of issues, and help everyone to have an even better vacation experience in Switzerland. We wish you a very pleasant stay! 3 As products sold in regularKosher supermarkets do Food not have hechsherim, please refer to the kosher list which specifies all available kosher products in Switzerland. There are two main supermarket chains – Migros and Coop –, and at least one of them is present in almost every village. -
Andermatt Swiss Alps
ANDERMATT SWISS ALPS editorial The first time I visited Andermatt, I encountered something special: the unadulterated natural beauty of a Swiss moun- tain village in the heart of the Alps. And I was inspired – not only by the village of Andermatt, but by the whole valley. This expansive high-mountain valley, the Ursern Valley, with its wild and romantic natural landscape, inspired my vision of Andermatt Swiss Alps. Even then, it was clear to me that the soul of this region is the untouched nature. And I intend to preserve this. I see sustainability as a cornerstone upon which the develop- ment of Andermatt is based. I warmly invite you to discover the charm of the Swiss Alps. Step into a world that is closer than you think. Welcome to Andermatt Swiss Alps! Samih Sawiris Sawiris’ vision has since become reality, in the form of the new hotels, apartment buildings and chalets of Ander matt Swiss Alps, the unique golf course and the multifaceted SkiArena. The properties next to the Reuss offer guests a range of modern residential options and are sought-after investment assets as well. The portfolio rang- es from practical studios to spacious apartments and penthouses. Streets and walks in Andermatt are short – and it should stay that way: The village area next to the Reuss is car- free; an underground garage provides ample parking space. The mountain cableway terminals, shops, restau- rants and public facilities are easily accessible by foot in every season and are integrated into the village life of Andermatt. The central Piazza Gottardo also contributes to this. -
International Review
Journal of Air Law and Commerce Volume 25 | Issue 3 Article 4 1958 International Review Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.smu.edu/jalc Recommended Citation International Review, 25 J. Air L. & Com. 329 (1958) https://scholar.smu.edu/jalc/vol25/iss3/4 This International Review is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals at SMU Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Air Law and Commerce by an authorized administrator of SMU Scholar. For more information, please visit http://digitalrepository.smu.edu. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW Compiled by J. G. GAZDIK in cooperation with DR. G. F. FITZGERALD and MR. A. M. LESTER (ICAO) and Miss S. F. MACBRAYNE. I. INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION a. 11th Session of the Assembly of ICAO, Montreal, May 20-June 2, 1958. b. Summary of ICAO Doe. 7894-C/907: The Economic Implications of the Introduction into Service of Long-Range Jet Aircraft. c. European Civil Aviation Conference. H. INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT ASSOCIATION IATA Traffic Conferences, Nassau, The Bahamas, May 19-20, 1958. III. INTERNATIONAL CHAMBER OF COMMERCE International Commercial Arbitration (United Nations Conference, New York, June 1958). ICC comments on International Convention adopted on June 10, 1958. IV. CASES AND COMMENTS Extract from judgment given ,by the First Civil Court of the Federal Tribunal lated March 12, 1957, in "Jacquet vs. Club Neuchitelois d'Aviation" (Translation) Tribunal de Versailles, First Chamber: "de Franceshi-Hiller Heli- copters." March 12, 1957-1957 RFDA 276 I. INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION l1th SESSION OF THE ASSEMBLY OF ICAO, MONTREAL, MAY 20-JUNE 2, 1958 The 11th Session of the Assembly of the International Civil Aviation Organization was held at the Montreal Headquarters of the Association between May 20 and June 2, 1958.