Annual Report

ANNUAL REPORT

USAID LESTARI

YEAR 3: OCTOBER 2017 – SEPTEMBER 2018

This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Tetra Tech ARD.

This publication was prepared for review by the United States Agency for International Development under Contract # AID-497-TO-15-00005.

The period of this contract is from July 2015 to July 2020.

Implemented by: Tetra Tech P.O. Box 1397 Burlington, VT 05402

Tetra Tech Contacts: Reed Merrill, Chief of Party Reed.Merrill@lestari-indonesia.org

Matthew Edwardsen, Project Manager [email protected]

Cover Photograph: Clockwise from top left: awareness-raising campaign led by women’s group in Leuser, September 2018; forest monitoring patrols in Nayaro Village, Papua; grafted cacao tree produced by local farmers in Aceh; rehabilitation and release of 100th Bornean orangutan through partnership between BOSF and LESTARI.

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ANNUAL REPORT

USAID LESTARI

YEAR 3: OCTOBER 2017 – SEPTEMBER 2018

DISCLAIMER This publication is made possible by the support of the American People through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Tetra Tech ARD and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS Acronyms and Abbreviations v Executive Summary 1 Ringkasan Eksekutif 8 Introduction 17 LESTARI Background 17 LESTARI Year 3 Overview and Results 18 Year 3 Challenges, Opportunities, and Lessons Learned 24 LESTARI Technical Themes and Progress Towards TOC 25 Technical Theme 1: Forest & Land Use Governance & Advocacy 25 LESTARI 1 – Awareness and Advocacy 26 LESTARI 2 – Operationalize SEAs and LCPs to Improve Land Use Governance 28 LESTARI 3 – Sustainable Landscape Governance 29 Technical Theme 2: Improved Conservation & Forest Management 31 LESTARI 4 – Co-Management and FMU Strengthening 31 LESTARI 5 – Protected Area Management and Key Species Conservation 32 Technical Theme 3: Private Sector Engagement 33 LESTARI 6 – Green Enterprises 33 LESTARI 7 – Private Sector Best Management Practices (BMPs) 34 LESTARI 8 – Innovative Financing for Sustainable Land and Forest Management 35 Landscape Initiatives 36 Leuser Landscape 36 Katingan-Kahayan Landscape 54 Papua Provincial Initiatives 66 Lorentz Lowlands Landscape 68 Mappi-Bouven Digoel Landscape 75 Sarmi Landscape 80 Cyclops Landscape 84 Gender Integration 91 Grants Fund 93 Project Management, Coordination, and Communications 96 Appendix 1: LESTARI Year 3 Progress Matrix 103 Appendix 2: Progress on Reduced GHG Emissions from LESTARI Landscapes 107 Appendix 3: Media Articles/Videos Published in Year 3 113 Appendix 4: Y3Q4 LESTARI-Supported Trainings 127 Appendix 5: LESTARI Results Framework 132 Appendix 6: LESTARI Team 133 Appendix 7: Project Staffing Chart 134

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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

AMEP Activity Monitoring and Evaluation Plan APBA Aceh Provincial Revenue and Expenditure Budget APBDes Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget APBK District Revenue and Expenditure Budget ATR Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning BAPPENAS Ministry of National Development Planning BBBR Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park BIG Geospatial Information Agency BKPRD Regional Spatial Planning Coordination Agency BKSDA Nature Conservation Agency BLU General Service Body / Badan Layananan Umum BMP Best Management Practice BOSF Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation BPDAS Directorate of Watershed Management BRG National Peatland Restoration Agency BUMDes Village-Owned Enterprise CA Conservation Area CLA Collaborating, Learning, and Adapting CMMP Conservation Management and Monitoring Plan CSO Civil Society Organization DED Detailed Engineering Design DLHK Environment and Forestry Agency DPM PTSP One-Stop-Shop for Licensing / Dinas Penanaman Modal Dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu DPRK District Legislative Assembly / Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Kabupaten FIA Forest Integrity Assessment FMU / KPH Forest Management Unit FOERDIA Research, Development, and Innovation Agency at KLHK FPIC Free, Prior, and Informed Consent GAP Good Agricultural Practices GCF Green Climate Fund GGGI Global Green Growth Institute GHG Greenhouse Gas GOI Government of Indonesia HCS High Carbon Stock HCV High Conservation Value HD Hutan Desa / Village Forest HKm Hutan Kemasyarakatan / Community Forest IFACS Indonesia Forestry and Climate Support Project KEE Essential Ecosystem Area KLHK Ministry of Environment and Forestry KPK Corruption Eradication Commission KRP Policies, Plans, and Programs / Kebijakan, Rencana, Program KSDAE Directorate General of Natural Resources and Ecosystem Conservation LBA Landscape Baseline Analysis LCP Landscape Conservation Plan LEDS Low Emission Development Strategy LOP Life of Project

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LPHDP Village Forest Management Institution / Lembaga Pengelola Hutan Desa LTTA / STTA Long-Term Technical Assistance / Short-Term Technical Assistance LWA Lembaga Wana Aksara METT Management Effectiveness Tracking Tool MMP Masyarakat Mitra Polhut MOU Memorandum of Understanding MSF / MSI Multi-Stakeholder Forum / Multi-Stakeholder Initiative MSU Michigan State University NP / TN National Park (Taman Nasional) NSPK Rules, Standards, Procedures, and Criteria OIC Orangutan Information Center PA Protected Area PDAM Government-Owned Water Utility / Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum PDF Papua Sustainable Development Forum PES Payment for Environmental Services PerBup Head of District Decree / Peraturan Bupati PerGub Governor’s Decree / Peraturan Gubernur PerMen Ministerial Decree / Peraturan Menteri PIKA Directorate of Design and Information for Nature Conservation PPP Public-Private Partnership PHPL Directorate of Sustainable Production Forest Management PSKL Directorate of Social Forestry and Environmental Partnerships RBV Rawa Baki Vriendschap REL Reference Emission Level RIL-C Reduced Impact Logging to Reduce Carbon Emissions RKT Provincial Development Plan RKTN National Forestry Plan RPHJP Long-Term Forest Management Plan RPHJPd Annual Short-Term Forest Management Plan RPJM District Development Plan RPJMA Provincial Development Plan for Aceh RPJMD Regional Development Plan RPJM Des/Kampung Village-level Development Plan RSWR Rawa Singkil Wildlife Reserve RTRWK / RTRWP District / Provincial Spatial Plan SEA / KLHS Strategic Environmental Assessment SIAT Integrated Aceh Information System SIMTARU Papua Management Information System for Spatial Planning SKPD Regional Working Unit / Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah SLP Sustainable Landscape Planning SMART Spatial Monitoring and Reporting Tool SST Sustainability Screening Tool SOP Standard Operating Procedure TNGL Leuser National Park / Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser TFF Tropical Forest Foundation UNPAR University of Palangkaraya UMP Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya UPPB Rubber Processing Unit USAID United States Agency for International Development USFS United States Forest Service USG United States Government WCS Wildlife Conservation Society WCU Wildlife Crime Unit WRU Wildlife Response Unit WWF World Wildlife Fund

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Over October 2017-September 2018, USAID LESTARI successfully completed Year 3 of this 5-year project. Overall, this cooperation aims to improve forest and biodiversity conservation practices, build the capacity and self-reliance of local government and civil society partners, and promote the U.S.-Indonesia strategic partnership.

Throughout Year 3, LESTARI implemented landscape initiatives and supporting technical activities in accordance with the Year 3 Work Plan. Activities were implemented across the 6 project landscapes in the provinces of Aceh, Central Kalimantan, and Papua. Achievements were made possible through close cooperation with key stakeholders including the Government of Indonesia at the national and subnational levels, private sector, and local communities. The purpose of this Annual Report is to formally communicate Year 3 project achievements, challenges, and opportunities to USAID, GOI, and other key stakeholders.

In the first two years of LESTARI, the core of the strategy was to lay a foundation for sustainable impact by operationalizing various tools and approaches and developing landscape level models and networks that foster broad scale buy-in for the project. During Year 3, the focus shifted to more targeted landscape initiatives guided by a Political Economy Analysis. These initiatives were sharpened to become more strategically aligned with entry points and opportunities, integrated among technical approaches, and oriented towards achieving results at scale. In Year 3, the project also initiated a strong focus on ensuring the sustainability of project interventions so that their impact persists after LESTARI. This was conducted through improved aligning and leveraging of government budgets and fostering a greater sense of ownership from partners in the tools and approaches supported by LESTARI. Ensuring sustainability will continue to be the core principle in Years 4 and 5, with greater attention towards building private sector partnerships.

Within Year 3, the key achievement was 1.05 million hectares of forest and/or natural resources under improved management. Together with the 2.41 million hectares from Years 1-2, this brings the total to 3.47 million hectares under improved management. Overall the project remains on track to meet its LOP target of 8.42 million hectares under improved management. The full Year 3 Progress Matrix is presented in Appendix 1. Some other notable achievements per indicator include:

● 19,578,838 tCO2 reduction in land-based GHG emissions aggregated across all landscapes (calculated for Years 1-2). This is equivalent to the emissions from roughly 4,192,471 cars driven in one year. ● 72% decrease in poaching in Leuser National Park and Cyclops Nature Reserve ● USD 1,791,438 investment mobilized for forest and biodiversity conservation ● 3,401 people received training in natural resource management ● 20,159 people received livelihood co-benefits ● 3 private sector firms with improved management practices ● 2 new public-private partnerships formed ● 4 sub-national public policies introduced addressing climate change and/or biodiversity conservation ● 17 Multi-Stakeholder Initiatives facilitated as a means to broaden citizen input in the formulation of policies and programs related to forest and land management ● 220 Champions from local government and civil society identified and engaged in advocacy interventions

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● 158,896 people reached to improve awareness and understanding of low emissions development and biodiversity conservation

At the landscape-level, LESTARI worked with key stakeholders to implement the landscape initiatives as outlined in the LESTARI Year 3 Work Plan. Specific areas of progress are summarized below and further detailed in the landscapes sections of the Annual Report.

Leuser Landscape LESTARI provided technical assistance for the development of a Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) for Aceh’s Mid Term Development Plan to ensure that sustainable development principles are mainstreamed within the strategic development policies, plans, and programs that will bring impact to the environment. LESTARI then assisted Aceh’s Provincial Forestry Agency to strengthen their Strategic Plans to be in line with SEA recommendations. The plan is now stronger, includes identification of threats to forests, is compliant with SEA recommendations, and improves the use of data and analysis to formulate programs. LESTARI has leveraged an additional USD 1.6 million sustainable forest management in 2019-2022, if this budget allocation passes through the provincial government budget process. The provincial SEA may also have other impacts as subsequent policies and regulations are developed such as for forest monitoring and land use licensing and permitting of green investment schemes as per the recommendations.

In the Southeastern Aceh sub-landscape, LESTARI supported village planning in two districts, Gayo Lues and Aceh Tenggara. The program covered revision of village development plans and village zonation. There were 15 villages involved, focused on the protection of water catchment areas. LESTARI assisted villages in revising their vision and mission statements, improving their land management, drafting their work plans, and formulating budget allocations. Increased budgets have now been allocated specifically for reforestation in watershed areas, general environmental protection, peatland water management infrastructure, and forest monitoring. This program also laid the groundwork for further collaboration between villages and forest managers (national park management authority or FMU).

LESTARI succeeded in breaking communication blockages between national and provincial governments, facilitating an important meeting between the Director General of Social Forestry and Environmental Partnerships from KLHK, and the Aceh Acting Governor. As a result, a decree formalizing a social forestry working group was signed by the Acting Governor of Aceh in September 2018. The working group will lead social forestry implementation in the province and ensure greater amplification and long-term viability of social forestry initiatives in Aceh.

LESTARI continued to directly assist communities to develop and improve sustainable livelihood practices through sustainable cacao commodity initiative in Gayo Lues and Aceh Tenggara Districts. To date, this initiative has reached out to over 2,000 farmers and their families. A cooperative was successfully established with 47 members. Through this cooperative, the farmers have established cacao, durian, moringa and avocado nursery businesses in which they also have obtained certification for the seedlings from the Ministry of Agriculture. To date, over 50,000 seedlings have been sold with estimated value of IDR 500 million (~USD 35,000).

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Figure 1. Clockwise from top left: grafted cacao trees; fermented cacao beans; nursery of farmer cooperative in Aceh Tenggara

Moreover, private sector partners TMCI/ECOM have stated their interest and agreement to facilitate the UTZ certification for selected farmers in the region. They are aiming for 1,200 farmers for the first phase of the certification. TMCI/ECOM will finance the certification cost, provide technical trainings as well as serve as the off-taker of the products with a total investment of around IDR 33 billion (~USD 2.2 million). A draft MoU between LESTARI and TMCI/ECOM is under finalization.

A LESTARI-supported Wildlife Response Unit conducted routine patrols and delivered trainings for communities with the purpose of minimizing incidents and impacts of human- wildlife conflict. Village patrols were carried out in 294 villages in the 6 districts of Tenggara, Gayo Lues, Aceh Singkil, Subulussalam, Aceh Selatan, and Naganraya. In the Leuser National Park and Singkil Wildlife Reserve, 7 teams continued to conduct SMART patrols in conjunction with CA staff to detect and mitigate threats such as wildlife poaching, illegal logging, and encroachment. The success of these SMART patrols triggered two FMUs in North Sumatra to send a request for SMART training to Leuser National Park.

Katingan-Kahayan Landscape LESTARI’s involvement in Central Kalimantan’s Social Forestry Working Group helped it to get off the ground and develop a work plan. The Working Group aims to coordinate provincial agencies for faster and more effective social forestry initiatives, and to work with villages directly as they apply for social forestry permits and then attempt to build successful forestry enterprises. LESTARI helped the working group to secure nearly IDR 1.9 billion (USD 132,000) in budget allocation from the national government. LESTARI assistance to this working group has catalyzed an additional 24 social forestry proposals in Pulang Pisau District, which will be funded through the working group budget – with a total proposed area of 112,154 hectares.

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Following up on earlier LESTARI work on village level planning for peatland hydrology management in Pulang Pisau, LESTARI supported the district government of Katingan to formulate an action plan to mitigate fire through the construction of canal blocking using FPIC as an essential part of best practices. LESTARI facilitated government and other stakeholders to decide priority locations for dams, include the FPIC process, and then allocate IDR 1.6 billion (USD 110,000) of funds for this approach to peatland restoration.

In conjunction with the peatland restoration initiative, LESTARI supports rubber-based sustainable livelihoods to improve communities’ value and management of the peatlands. The main focus this year was on supporting the establishment of rubber processing centers (UPPB) and management training for UPPB administrators. The LESTARI team has thus far facilitated the establishment of three UPPBs while a fourth is still in the process of gathering farmer data. Based on the latest data, approximately 700 active farmers with a total area of over 1,000 hectares of rubber plantation have been officially registered as UPPB members. UPPBs can be registered at the Plantation Agency and therefore be formally supported by government programs.

Furthermore, based on a series of meetings with Gapkindo, UPPB and FMU XXXI, an integrated replanting program will be piloted within the area of FMU XXXI that is a village forest ( 5,285 hectares) in Pulang Pisau District. This area is severely degraded due to the 2015 forest and land fires. PT. Karya Sejati, a crumb rubber factory (also member of Gapkindo) in Central Kalimantan has agreed to join the partnership as the private sector partner. Currently, their technical staff, together with LESTARI and FMU team, are conducting an initial survey for land suitability. The result will be used to develop a master plan as part of the proposal for funding from KLHK under BLU Center of Forest Development Financing (Badan Layanan Umum Pusat P2H).

Figure 2. Discussion between Gapkindo and FMU XXI; Agreement between Gapkindo and FMU XXXI on a collaboration model for sustainable rubber; Joint field survey with PT Karya Sejati, FMU XXXI, LPHD, and LESTARI for potential rubber sites

LESTARI supported FMUs IV, XXXII, III, XIII, XVIII, XV, XXX, and XXXI in developing their long-term forest management plans (RPHJP). In order to accelerate the preparation of RPHJP, LESTARI partnered with the Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI) to conduct a Coaching Clinic for FMUs in Central Kalimantan and assist them to develop and/or refine their RPHJP documents. As a result, FMU – XVII – completed their RPHJP and obtained approval from KLHK while two FMUs both XXX and XXXI is still awaiting approval. Next, LESTARI will support the preparation of a Short Term Forest Management Plan (RPHJPd) for these FMUs based on the principles of multiple-use forestry as outlined in the USFS/FOERDIA toolkit.

LESTARI continued to provide technical assistance for strengthening the social forestry program in Central Kalimantan in close collaboration with 11 FMUs. LESTARI is directly

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assisting 34 social forestry groups for not only obtaining the permits, but also for forestry business development after permits are secured. In order to complete the social forestry permit applications, LESTARI assisted communities in mapping, forest management group establishment, and socioeconomic assessment. During Year 3, 5 community groups in Gunung Mas and Katingan Districts were able to obtain community forestry permits covering an area of 10,451 hectares.

Through Grantee Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation (BOSF), LESTARI continued to support orangutan conservation efforts in the Katingan-Kahayan Landscape. BOSF continued their main focus of orangutan rehabilitation, release, and post-release monitoring in Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park. In Year 3, 47 additional orangutans were released for a total of 106 released in Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park through LESTARI support beginning in 2016. This activity was supported by capacity building for national park staff and conservation awareness-raising for the community in 6 villages in Katingan Hulu and Marikit Sub-districts.

Figure 3. CNN/Indonesia coverage of the ‘100th orangutan release’ through partnership between BOSF and LESTARI; orangutan released into secure habitat in BBBR NP

LESTARI continued to provide technical training for 7 partner natural forest timber concessions in the Katingan-Kahayan Landscape in Reduced Impacting Logging (RIL-C). These trainings were originally scheduled to be completed within Year 3, but had to be postponed due to various operational issues (e.g., equipment damage, unfavorable weather conditions). They are now expected to be finalized by October 2018. Thereafter, LESTARI will conduct routine monitoring in collaboration with these companies to ensure that RIL-C is being implemented throughout the concessions.

Papua Landscapes At the provincial level, to monitor and provide multi-stakeholder input and guidance as for various development policies, LESTARI supported the establishment of the Papua Sustainable Development Forum, managed by Bappeda. This builds upon an earlier forum established specifically for spatial planning issues but is supported more broadly by donors and NGOs across issues of gender, climate change, and health. One element that the forum is now supporting is encouraging the uploading of participatory mapping data produced through many different NGOs and donors to be stored in SIMTARU as an essential data source to promote sustainable development planning.

The SEA Working Group (Pokja), with technical support from LESTARI, conducted follow-up FGDs to refine of a list of strategic issues into a short list for analysis. The main FGD event included members from the Papua Consultative Assembly to ensure the fullest possible input from representatives of Papua’s traditional communities. The Pokja integrated the wide array of issues for SEA analysis into the following five critical factors for Papua’s development. The SEA is now in the final stages of completion with recommendations being

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incorporated into the RPJM developed by a separate working group. Bappeda have signed a ‘letter of intent’ guaranteeing recommendation are integrated into the RPJM that will and subsequently inform formulation of agency strategic plans (Renstra) and budgets.

In Lorentz Lowlands Landscape, a co-management and watershed protection agreement was finalized between communities and local government in Nayaro Village (191,000 ha) LESTARI's approach to achieve improved management over this very large area has focused on: 1) the ratification and implementation of a Village Regulation for natural resource utilization and protection and establishment of a forest protection group, 2) initial forest area monitoring and patrol activities, 3) support from multi-stakeholders, and 4) a field farmer school (FFS) for sustainable sago utilization. A co-management approach was also developed in Yepem Village, Asmat, covering an area of 13,343 for watershed protection. The community is protecting the water source for Agats town and LESTARI has developed forest protection regulations and a Village Level Business Unit (BUMK) to manage the resource.

Figure 4. Forest monitoring being conducted by Mame Airifua forest protection working group; Nayaro Mame Airifua forest protection working group discussing with Nayaro communities.

LESTARI assisted Lorentz National Park management authorities in re-zoning the protected area to improve management efficiency in the park. The revised zonation plan nearly doubles the percentage of strict conservation areas (Zona Inti) while rationalizing areas that have already been developed – such as the road network supported by the President of Indonesia. The most fundamental change is provision for sustainable traditional livelihoods. This re-zonation reflects community needs and spatial patterns of traditional natural resource use, opening the door for meaningful co-management. Communities have lived in the area carrying out hunting and gathering practices for centuries, and so the new zonation plan strengthens these traditions and re-enfranchises communities with their forest. The final draft zonation map was consulted to the public in the final quarter of Year 4 and was presented to KSDAE.

In Mappi-Bouven Digoel Landscape, LESTARI worked to advance a sustainable landscape planning (SLP) approach that aimed to ensure plantation development is done in a participatory manner with community stakeholders, ensuring that natural forest areas are safeguarded for watershed protection, local livelihoods, and cultural value. Through this transparent process, the community learned of several issues related to palm oil development, As a consequence, the development of oil palm has been delayed and communities wish to re-negotiate agreements made with the company. In the meantime, these developments in the field led the Bouven Digoel District Government to engage on the need to strengthen the process of land acquisition. LESTARI began assisting the Vice Bupati in analyzing the investment climate in the district as many problems related to company- community relations have emerged, and the government is looking for potential solutions such as LESTARI’s ‘sustainable landscape approach’.

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In Sarmi Landscape, LESTARI worked with 3 natural forest timber concession partners to improve their management practices impacting 547,010 hectares of forest and/or natural resources. This was achieved via training in Reduced Impact Logging and demonstrated commitment for its adoption by two timber concession partners (PT. Wapoga Mutiara Timber – 169,170 hectares and PT. Salaki Mandiri Sejahtera – 79,130 hectares) and HCV monitoring training and demonstrated commitment for its adoption by another timber concession partner (PT. Bina Balantak Utama – 298,710 ha).

In Cyclops Landscape, LESTARI continued to support improved management in Cyclops Nature Reserve through conducting joint SMART patrols with BBKSDA Papua. SMART patrols also involve local communities and are viewed by partners as a valuable tool contributing to the reduction in overall threats to the conservation area. An evaluation of these patrols was conducted using satellite imagery, which showed no deforestation or degradation occurring over 2015-2017 compared to an average of 64 hectares per year over 1990-2012. Based on outputs from LESTARI-supported activities that have improved management of the nature reserve (as measured by METT), BBKSDA now receives USD 31,000 in funding from the national budget to carry out routine SMART patrols together with other local authorities. This allocation for patrols from the national budget moves SMART closer to sustainability and demonstrates the Government of Indonesia’s commitment for investing in effective, targeted conservation activities in key protected areas.

LESTARI supported a series of World Water Day events in March 2018 to raise awareness about the importance of protecting the Cyclops Nature Reserve for securing the freshwater supply for the 300,000 inhabitants of Jayapura. This culminated in a 2-day awareness raising event organized by LESTARI sub-contractor INFIS-Mongabay for youth advocacy. The event involved artwork and dance, a public interactive dialogue on future of Cyclops with government stakeholders and screening of films made by members of local traditional communities surrounding Cyclops

Figure 5. Sharing the message of the importance of protecting Cyclops Nature Reserve during World Water Day in Jayapura, March 22, 2018

This Annual Report begins with an introduction section that highlights Year 3 achievements across all 16 project indicators as well as overall challenges and opportunities faced. Next, the report summarizes progress under each of the 8 strategic approaches. Dedicated landscapes sections explain in detail how these approaches were implemented on the ground to meet the unique opportunities present in each of the 6 project landscapes. There are also sections on Gender, Grants, Project Management, Coordination, and Communications. Appendices include the Year 3 Progress Matrix and a list of LESTARI- supported trainings.

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RINGKASAN EKSEKUTIF

Selama periode Oktober 2017-September 2018, USAID LESTARI berhasil menyelesaikan kegiatan tahun ke-3 dari proyek 5 tahun ini. Secara keseluruhan, kerja sama yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk meningkatkan praktik pelestarian hutan dan keanekaragaman hayati, membangun kapasitas dan kemandirian pemerintah daerah maupun mitra dari organisasi masyarakat sipil, dan memperkuat kemitraan strategis antara Amerika Serikat dan Indonesia.

Selama Tahun ke-3, LESTARI melaksanakan kegiatan inisiatif lanskap dan kegiatan pendukung teknis sejalan dengan Rencana Kerja Tahun ke-3. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di 6 lanskap proyek yakni di Provinsi Aceh, Kalimantan Tengah dan Papua. Pencapaian ini adalah hasil kerja sama yang erat antara para pemangku kepentingan utama termasuk Pemerintah Indonesia di tingkat pusat dan daerah, sektor swasta, dan masyarakat setempat. Laporan Tahunan ini disusun untuk menyampaikan secara resmi kepada USAID, Pemerintah RI dan pemangku kepentingan lainnya tentang pencapaian, tantangan dan peluang yang dihadapi LESTARI di tahun ke-3.

Dalam dua tahun pertama pelaksanaan proyek, strategi kunci yang dilaksanakan LESTARI adalah membangun fondasi untuk memastikan dampak yang berkelanjutan. Strategi ini dilakukan dengan menerapkan berbagai instrumen dan pendekatan serta menyusun model dan jejaring di tingkat tapak agar dapat digunakan secara lebih luas oleh mitra dan masyarakat. Selama tahun ke-3, fokus ini bergeser lebih kepada kegiatan inisiatif di lanskap yang disesuaikan dengan hasil Analisis Ekonomi Politis. Inisiatif yang ada kemudian dipertajam agar sejalan dengan titik masuk dan peluang yang ada, terpadu dengan pendekatan teknis, dan berorientasi pada hasil yang bermakna signifikan. Pada tahun ke-3, proyek ini juga memprakarsai fokus yang kuat untuk memastikan agar dampak intervensi proyek berkelanjutan. Hal ini dilakukan dengan menyesuaikan dan memanfaatkan anggaran pemerintah serta membangun rasa kepemilikan dari para mitra kerja atas perangkat dan pendekatan yang selama ini didukung oleh LESTARI. Di tahun ke-4 dan ke-5, LESTARI akan terus berpegang pada prinsip kunci yang telah dijalankan selama ini, yakni memastikan dampak yang berkelanjutan, salah satunya dengan semakin membangun kemitraan dengan sektor swasta.

Pada tahun ke-3, pencapaian utama adalah memperbaiki pengelolaan 1,05 juta hektare wilayah hutan. Di tahun pertama dan kedua, LESTARI mendukung perbaikan pengelolaan 2,41 juta hektare hutan. Dengan demikian, hasil yang dicapai selama tiga tahun intervensi LESTARI adalah perbaikan pengelolaan 3,47 juta hektare wilayah hutan. Secara umum, proyek LESTARI masih berada pada jalur yang sesuai untuk memenuhi target pencapaian proyek sebesar 8,42 juta hektare yang dikelola secara lebih baik. Matriks Kemajuan Tahun ke-3 secara menyeluruh disajikan pada Lampiran 1. Pencapaian lain yang patut dicatat per indikator antara lain:

• Penurunan emisi GHG berbasis lahan mencapai sebesar 9.578.838 tCO2 secara agregat di seluruh lanskap (dihitung termasuk tahun 1-2). Emisi ini ekuivalen dengan sekitar 4.192.471 mobil yang dikendarai dalam satu tahun. • 72% penurunan perburuan liar di Taman Nasional Leuser dan Cagar Alam Cyclops • Investasi senilai USD 1.791.,438 dikerahkan untuk konservasi hutan dan keragaman hayati • 3.401 orang mengikuti pelatihan dalam bidang manajemen sumber daya alam • 20.159 orang menerima manfaat untuk memperbaiki mata pencaharian • 3 perusahaan swasta memperbaiki praktik pengelolaan hutan

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• 2 kemitraan baru terbentuk antara pemerintah-swasta • 4 Perda baru diluncurkan untuk mengatasi masalah perubahan iklim dan/atau konservasi keragaman hayati • 17 program yang melibatkan multi pemangku kepentingan sebagai upaya memperluas kesempatan kepada warga untuk memberi masukan dalam menyusun kebijakan dan kegiatan terkait manajemen hutan dan lahan. • 220 pelopor dari pemerintah daerah dan lembaga swadaya masyarakat telah diidentifikasi dan dilibatkan dalam kegiatan pembinaan • 158.896 orang dijangkau untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dan pemahaman mengnenai pembangunan beremisi rendah dan konservasi keragaman hayati

Di tingkat lanskap, LESTARI bekerja dengan pemangku kepentingan utama untuk melaksanakan program lanskap sebagaimana digariskan di dalam Rencana Kerja LESTARI Tahun ke-3. Bidang yang yang mengalami kemajuan dirangkum berikut ini dan dirinci lebih lanjut pada bagian lanskap dalam Laporan Tahunan.

Lanskap Leuser LESTARI memberikan bantuan teknis dalam penyusunan Kajian Lingkungan Hidup Strategis (KHLS) untuk Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Aceh agar memastikan prinsip-prinsip pembangunan yang berkelanjutan terutama mengarusutamakan kebijakan pembangunan strategis khususnya kebijakan, rencana, dan program yang dapat berdampak pada lingkungan hidup. LESTARI kemudian membantu Dinas Kehutanan Aceh untuk memperkuat Rencana Strategis selaras dengan rekomendasi KLHS. Rencana yang disusun saat ini sudah lebih kuat, mencakup identifikasi ancaman pada hutan, sesuai dengan rekomendasi KLHS, dan meningkatkan penggunaan data dan analisis untuk menyusun program. LESTARI telah memanfaatkan tambahan dana USD 1,6 juta untuk pengelolaan hutan yang lestari untuk periode 2019-2022, dan alokasi anggaran ini dapat disetujui melalui proses anggaran pemerintah provinsi. KLHS tingkat provinsi dapat memberikan pengaruh terhadap kebijakan dan peraturan yang akan datang seperti pemantauan hutan dan perizinan pemanfaatan lahan dan izin skema investasi hijau sesuai rekomendasi.

Di sub-lanskap Aceh Tenggara, LESTARI membantu menyusun perencanaan desa di dua kabupaten, Gayo Lues dan Aceh Tenggara. Program ini mencakup kegiatan revisi rencana pembangunan dan revisi zonasi desa. Terdapat 15 desa yang dilibatkan, yang terfokus pada masalah perlindungan daerah resapan air. LESTARI membantu desa-desa melakukan revisi visi dan misi, memperbaiki manajemen lahan, menyusun rencana kerja dan alokasi angggaran. Tambahan anggaran telah dialokasikan khusus untuk penanaman hutan di daerah aliran sungai (DAS), perlindungan lingkungan hidup secara umum, infrastruktur manajemen air hutan gambut, dan pemantauan hutan. Program ini juga memberikan landasan bagi kolaborasi antara desa dan pengelola hutan (otoritas pengelola taman nasional atau UPH).

LESTARI berhasil membangun jembatan komunikasi antara pemerintah pusat dan daerah, memfasilitasi pertemuan penting antara Direktur Jenderal Perhutanan Sosial dan Kemitraan Lingkungan Hidup dari KLHK, dan Pelaksana Tugas Gubernur Aceh. Sebagai hasil, keputusan secara resmi membentuk Kelompok Kerja Perhutanan Sosial yang ditandatangani Plt. Gubernur Aceh pada September 2018. PokJa ini akan memimpin pelaksanaan perhutanan sosial di provinsi dan memastikan keberlanjutan program perhutanan sosial di Aceh.

LESTARI terus memberi bantuan langsung kepada masyarakat untuk megembangkan dan meningkatkan praktik mata pencaharian melalui program komoditas kakao yang lestari di Kabupaten Gayo Lues dan Aceh Tenggara. Hingga kini, program ini telah menjangkau lebih dari 2.000 petani dan keluarganya. Melalui program ini juga telah dibentuk koperasi yang

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beranggotakan 47 petani kopi. Melalui koperasi, para petani telah mendirikan usaha pembibitan kakao, durian, moringa dan avokad di mana mereka sudah mendapatkan sertifikasi untuk bibitnya dari Kementerian Pertanian. Saat ini, lebih 50.000 bibit telah terjual dengan estimasi nilai IDR 500 juta (~USD 35.000).

Gambar 1. Searah jarum jam dari atas ke kiri: pohon kakao hasil penempelan; biji kakao yang difermentasi; pembibitan di koperasi petani di Aceh Tenggara

Selain itu, mitra dari sektor swasta TMCI/ECOM telah menyatakan minat dan persetujuannya untuk memfasilitasi sertifikasi UTZ bagi beberapa petani yang terpilih di wilayah tersebut. Mereka menargetkan 1.200 petani pada tahap pertama dari sertifikasi ini. TMCI/ECOM akan memberi dana untuk biaya sertifikasi, menyediakan pelatihan teknis dan mempromosikan produknya dengan total investasi sekitar IDR 33 miliar (~USD 2,2 juta). Rancangan nota kesepahaman (MoU) antara LESTARI dan TMCI/ECOM juga sedang disusun.

Unit Cepat Tanggap Satwa Liar yang didukung LESTARI melakukan patroli rutin dan memberikan pelatihan bagi masyarakat untuk mengurangi kejadian dan dampak dari konflik manusia-satwa liar. Patroli desa dilaksanakan di 294 desa di 6 Kabupaten di daerah Aceh Tenggara, Gayo Lues, Aceh Singkil, Subulussalam, Aceh Selatan, dan Nagan Raya. Di Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser dan SM Rawa Singkil, 7 tim terus mendukung pelaksanaan patroli SMART bersamaan dengan staf SM untuk mendeteksi dan memitigasi ancaman seperti perburuan liar, pembalakan hutan, dan perambahan hutan. Keberhasilan dari patroli SMART telah mendorong dua KPH di Sumatra Utara untuk mengajukan permintaan pelatihan SMART di Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser.

Lanskap Katingan-Kahayan Di Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah, LESTARI membantu membentuk Kelompok Kerja Perhutanan Sosial sekaligus menyusun rencana kerja kelompok kerja (pokja). Kelompok Kerja ini bertujuan melakukan koordinasi antar-dinas di provinsi agar dapat menyusun program perhutanan sosial yang lebih cepat dan bekerja dengan desa-desa secara

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langsung untuk mengajukan izin perhutanan sosial agar mampu membangun badan usaha perhutanan sosial yang sukses. LESTARI membantu pokja ini memperoleh hampir IDR 1,9 miliar (USD 132.000) dari alokasi anggaran pemerintah pusat. Bantuan LESTARI pada pokja ini telah memicu tambahan 24 proposal perhutanan sosial di Kabupaten Pulang Pisau, yang akan dibiayai melalui anggaran Pokja PPS– dengan total wilayah yang diusulkan seluas 112.154 hektare.

Menindaklanjuti intervensi LESTARI terkait perencanaan desa dalam pengelolaan hidrologi lahan gambut di Pulang Pisau, proyek LESTARI telah mendukung pemerintah Kabupaten Katingan menyusun rencana aksi untuk memitigasi kebakaran melalui pembangunan tabat/kanal penghalang yang menggunakan prinsip Padiatapa sebagai bagian penting dari praktik pengelolaan lingkungan hidup yang baik. LESTARI memfasilitasi pemerintah dan pemangku kepentingan lainnya untuk menentukan prioritas lokasi bendungan, termasuk proses Padiatapa, dan kemudian mengalokasikan IDR 1,6 miliar (USD 110.000) untuk merestorasi lahan gambut.

Bersamaan dengan program restorasi lahan gambut, LESTARI juga mendukung progam restorasi mata pencaharian berbasis budi daya karet yang berkelanjutan pada lanskap ini sebagai strategi utama pembangunan rendah emisi. Fokus utama tahun ini adalah mendukung pembentukan Unit Pengolahan dan Pemasaran Bokar (UPPB) dan manajemen pelatihan administrator UPPB. Tim LESTARI sejauh ini telah memfasiltasi pendirian tiga UPPB sementara UPPB yang ke 4 masih dalam tahap proses menghimpun data petani karet. Berdasarkan data terakhir, sekitar 700 petani aktif dengan total luas lebih dari 1.000 hektare perkebunan karet telah mendaftar secara resmi anggota UPPB. UPPB dapat mendaftarkan diri di Dinas Perkebunan sehingga bisa mendapat dukungan resmi dari program pemerintah.

Lebih lanjut, berdasarkan serangkaian pertemuan dengan Gapkindo, UPPB dan KPH XXXI, akan dilakukan uji-coba suatu program penanaman kembali di wilayah KPH XXXI yang merupakan hutan desa (5.285 hektare) di Kabupaten Pulang Pisau. Wilayah ini mengalami degradasi yang parah akibat kebakaran hutan dan lahan tahun 2015. PT. Karya Sejati, suatu pabrik pengolahan karet (juga anggota Gapkindo) di Kalimantan Tengah telah setuju untuk bergabung dalam kemitraan sebagai mitra sektor swasta. Saat ini, staf teknisnya bersama Tim LESTARI dan Tim KPH, melakukan survei pendahuluan untuk menentukan kecocokan lahan. Hasil survei ini akan digunakan untuk menyusun rencana induk sebagai bagian dari proposal mengajukan dana dari KLHK di bawah Badan Layanan Umum Pusat P2H).

Gambar 2. Diskusi antara Gapkindo dan FMU XXI; Perjanjian anatar Gapkindo dan FMU XXXI tentang model kolaborasi untuk perkbunan karet yang berkelanjutan; survei lapangan gabungan dengan PT Karya Sejati, FMU XXXI, LPHD, dan LESTARI untuk menentukan lokasi potensial perkebunan karet.

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LESTARI mendukung KPH IV, XXXII, III, XIII, XVIII, XV, XXX, dan XXXI dalam menyusun Rencana Pengelolaan Hutan Jangka Panjang (RPHJP). Untuk mempercepat persiapan RPHJP, LESTARI bekerjasama dengan Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI) mendirikan Klinik Pembinaan (Coaching Clinic) untuk KPH di Kalimantan Tengah dan membantu mereka menyusun atau memperbaiki dokumen RPHJP. Hasilnya, KPH – XVII – dapat menyelesaikan RPHJP-nya dan telah memperoleh persetujuan KLHK, sementara KPH XXX dan XXXI masih menunggu persetujuan KLHK. Selanjutnya, LESTARI akan mendukung persiapan Rencana Pembangunan Hutan Jangka Pendek (RPHJPd) untuk KPH berdasarkan prinsip multiguna hutan yang digariskan dalam perangkat USFS/FOERDIA.

LESTARI melanjutkan bantuan teknis untuk memperkuat program perhutanan sosial di Kalimantan Tengah bekerja sama dengan 11 KPH. LESTARI secara langsung membantu 34 kelompok perhutanan sosial untuk memperoleh izin-izin dan membentuk badan usaha setelah izin diperoleh. Untuk melengkapi permohonan izin perhutanan sosial, LESTARI membantu masyarakat dalam melakukan pemetaan, mendirikan kelompok pengelola hutan, melakukan kajian sosio-ekonomi. Selama tahun ke-3, terdapat 5 kelompok masyarakat di Kabupaten Gunung Mas dan Katingan yang berhasil memperoleh izin perhutanan sosial seluas 10.451 hektare.

Dengan dana hibah dari Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation (BOSF), LESTARI melanjutkan dukungan untuk upaya pelestarian orangutan di Lanskap Katingan-Kahayan. BOSF terus fokus pada rehabilitasi, pelepasan kembali dan pemantauan pasca pelepasan orangutan di Taman Nasional Bukit Baka Bukit Raya. Pada tahun ke 3, terdapat tambahan 47 orangutan dari total 106 yang dilepas di Taman Nasional Bukit Baka Bukit Raya dengan dukungan LESTARI mulai tahun 2016. Kegiatan ini mencakup upaya pengembangan kapasitas staf/petugas taman nasional dan peningkatan kesadaran untuk pelestarian hutan di 6 desa di Kecamatan Katingan Hulu dan Marikit.

Gambar 3. CNN/Indonesia meliput ‘pelepasan orangutan ke 100’ yang dilakukan melalui kemitraan antara BOSF dan LESTARI; orangutan dilepaskan kembali ke habitat yang aman di TN BBBR.

LESTARI melanjutkan pemberian pelatihan teknis untuk 7 mitra konsesi hutan di Lanskap Katingan-Kahayan dalam program Reduced Impact Logging (RIL-C). Pelatihan ini semula dijadwalkan selesai dalam tahun ke-3, tetapi ditunda karena beberapa masalah operasional (seperti kerusakan alat, kondisi cuaca yang tidak kondusif). Namun diharapkan program ini dapat selesai akhir Oktober 2018. Sesudah itu, LESTARI akan melakukan pemantauan rutin bekerjasama dengan perusahaan konsesi hutan untuk memastikan bahwa RIL-C dilaksanakan oleh seluruh usaha konsesi hutan.

Lanskap Papua Di tingkat provinsi, LESTARI mendukung pembentukan Forum Pembangunan Berkelanjutan yang dikelola oleh Bappeda dalam rangka mengawal kebijakan dan menyediakan wadah multipihak untuk menyampaikan masukan kepada pengambil kebijakan. Forum ini

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merupakan pengembangan dari forum sebelumnya yang dibentuk khusus untuk mengawal isu tata ruang namun kemudian didukung oleh para donor yang lebih luas dan lintas LSM yang menangani masalah gender, perubahan iklim, dan kesehatan. Satu elemen yang didukung oleh forum ini adalah pembuatan data pemetaan pola partisipatif yang dihasilkan oleh beberapa LSM dan donor untuk dimasukkan ke SIMTARU sebagai sumber data penting dalam mempromosikan perencanaan pembangunan yang berkelanjutan.

PokJa KLHS, dengan dukungan teknis LESTARI, melakukan diskusi kelompok terfokus (FGD) untuk memperbaiki daftar isu strategis dengan menyusun analisis singkat. Forum FGD mengikutsertakan anggota dari DPRD Papua untuk memastikan masukan dari wakil masyarakat adat Papua terwakili sepenuhnya. Pokja melakukan integrasi serangkaian isu analisis KLHS ke dalam lima faktor kritis bagi pembangunan Papua. KLHS saat ini dalam tahap penyelesaian akhir dengan rekomendasi yang dimasukkan dalam RPJM yang disusun oleh pokja yang berbeda. Bappeda telah menandatangani ‘letter of intent’ yang menjamin bahwa rekomendasi yang diusulkan akan dimasukkan dalam RPJM yang nantinya akan menjadi bagian dari rencana strategis (renstra) dan dimasukkan dalam anggaran dinas terkait.

Di Lanskap Lorentz Lowlands, perjanjian perlindungan DAS dan pengelolaan bersama DAS ditandatangani antara masyarakat setempat dengan pemerintah Desa Nayaro (191.000 ha).

Pendekatan LESTARI untuk mencapai perbaikan pengelolaan wilayah yang luas sekali akan terfokus pada: 1) ratifikasi dan implementasi Peraturan Desa untuk pemanfaatan sumber daya alam dan perlindungan dan pembentukan kelompok perlindungan hutan, 2) kegiatan pemantauan dan patroli wilayah hutan, 3) dukungan dari multipihak, dan 4) Sekolah Lapang Petani untuk pemanfaatan sagu secara berkelanjutan. Kemudian sudah dikembangkan suatu pendekatan pengelolaan bersama di Desa Yepem, Asmat, yang mencakup daerah seluas 13,343 ha untuk perlindungan DAS. Masyarakat ikut melindungi sumber air Kota Agats dan LESTARI membantu meluncurkan peraturan untuk melindungi sumber daya alam dan mengembangkan BUMK yang mengelola sumber daya tersebut.

Gambar 4. Pemantauan Hutan dilakukan oleh kelompok perlindungan hutan Mame Airifua; Kelompok perlindungan hutan Nayaro Mame Airifua sedang berdiskusi dengan masyarakat Nayaro.

LESTARI membantu manajemen Taman Nasional Lorentz dalam melakukan zonasi ulang kawasan lindung untuk meningkatkan efisiensi mengelola taman nasional. Revisi rencana zonasi hampir meningkatkan dua kali luas zona inti yang menjadi kawasan konservasi ketat (Zona Inti), sementara telah dilakukan rasionalisasi kawasan yang sudah dikembangkan– seperti jalur jalan yang dibangun oleh Presiden Indonesia. Perubahan yang paling mendasar adalah dukungan untuk program mata pencaharian tradisional yang berkelanjutan. LESTARI mendukung zonasi-ulang kawasan taman nasional yang mencerminkan kebutuhan masyarakat dan pola tata ruang pemanfaatan sumber daya alam tradisional, serta membuka kesempatan untuk konsultasi yang bermakna terkait pengelolaan bersama. Peta zonasi final dikonsultasikan kepada publik pada triwulan terakhir Tahun ke-3 dan disajikan kepada KSDAE.

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Di lanskap Mappi-Bouven Digoel, LESTARI berupaya menerapkan pendekatan perencanaan lanskap yang berkelanjutan yang bertujuan memastikan bahwa pengembangan perkebunan dilakukan secara partisipatif yang melibatkan masyarakat pemangku kepentingan, memastikan kawasan hutan alamiah dilindungi di daerah DAS, mata pencaharian dan nilai budaya lokal juga terjaga. Dengan proses yang transparan, masyarakat dapat belajar beberapa isu terkait pengembangan kelapa sawit, dan negosiasi masih terus berlangsung ddengan perusahaan kepala sawit. Sementara itu, berdasarkan perkembangan di lapangan, Pemerintah Kabupaten Bouven Digoel perlu memperkuat proses pengadaan lahan di daerahnya. LESTARI mulai membantu Wakil Bupati dalam menganalisis iklim investasi di kabupaten tersebut mengingat banyak muncul masalah antar hubungan perusahaan dan masyarakat, dan pemerintah sedang mencari solusi potensial untuk menyelesaikan isu yang muncul seperti pendekatan lanskap yang berkelanjutan yang telah diterapkan oleh LESTARI

Di Lanskap Sarmi, LESTARI bekerja sama dengan 3 perusahaan konsesi kayu hutan untuk memperbaiki praktik manajemen kawasan seluas 547.010 hektare hutan dan/atau sumber daya alam. Hal ini dicapai melalui pelatihan Reduced Impact Logging dan ada dua mitra konsesi (PT. Wapoga Mutiara Timber – 169.170 hektar dan PT. Salaki Mandiri Sejahtera – 79.130 hektar) yang menunjukkan komitmen untuk mengadopsi prinsip tersebut dan dilakukan pelatihan pemantauan HCV dan satu lagi mitra pemegang konsesi hutan (PT. Bina Balantak Utama – 298.710 ha) juga menunjukkan komitmen untuk mengadopsi prinsip RILC. Di Lanskap Cyclops, LESTARI selanjutnya mendukung perbaikan manajemen Cagar Alam Cyclops melalui patroli bersama SMART dengan BBKSDA Papua. Patroli SMART juga melibatkan masyarakat setempat dan ini dipandang oleh para mitra kerja sebagai instrumen yang berharga dalam menurunkan ancaman menyeluruh di kawasan konservasi. Evaluasi patroli dilakukan menggunakan citra satelit dan hasilnya menunjukkan penurunan laju deforestasi yang signifikan selama 2016-2018 dibandingkan tahun 2013-2015. Berdasarkan hasil keluaran kegiatan yang didukung LESTARI guna memperbaiki pengelolaan cagar alam (diukur oleh METT), BBKSDA saat ini menerima dana sebesar USD 31,000 sebagai bantuan dari anggaran pusat untuk menjalankan patroli rutin SMART bersama aparatur setempat. Alokasi dana untuk patroli hutan ini berasal dari anggaran pemerintah pusat sehingga menjadikan program SMART semakin mendekati jaminan keberlanjutan dan hal ini menunjukkan komitmen Pemerintah Indonesia yang mendukung kegiatan konservasi secara efektif di kawasan lindung utama.

LESTARI mendukung serangkaian kegiatan World Water Day pada Maret 2018 untuk meningkatkkan kesadaran masyarakat mengenai pentingnya melindungi Cagar Alam Cyclops untuk menjamin pasokan air bersih bagi 300.000 penduduk Jayapura. Puncak kegiatan yang berlangsung selama dua hari diselenggarakan oleh sub-kontraktor LESTARI INFIS-Mongabay untuk pembinaan kaum muda. Kegiatan ini melibatkan karya seni dan tari, dialog interaktif dengan masyarakat mengenai masa depan Cyclops dengan pemangku kepentingan pemerintah dan penayangan film yang dibuat oleh anggota masyarakat adat sekitar Cyclops.

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Gambar 5. Berbagi pesan mengenai pentingnya melindungi Cagar Alam Cyclops dalam kegiatan World Water Day di Jayapura, Maret 22, 2018

Laporan Tahunan ini diawali dengan bagian pendahuluan yang menyajikan pencapaian Tahun ke-3 yang ditunjukkan oleh seluruh 16 indikator dan tantangan dan peluang apa saja secara umum yang dihadapi. Selanjutnya, laporan meringkas kemajuan tiap-tiap pendekatan strategis dari 8 pendekatan strategis. Bagian lanskap dalam laporan ini menjelaskan bagaimana pendekatan ini dilaksanakan di lapangan yang mempertimbangkan peluang yang unik di tiap lanskap dari 6 lanskap proyek. Terdapat pula bagian dalam laporan ini yang membahasa masalah Gender, Hibah, Manajemen Proyek, Koordinasi, dan Komunikasi. Lampiran dari laporan mencakup Matriks Kemajuan Tahun 3 dan daftar pelatihan yang didukung oleh LESTARI.

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Figure 6. LESTARI landscapes map

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INTRODUCTION LESTARI BACKGROUND USAID LESTARI partners with the Government of Indonesia (GOI) to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and conserve biodiversity in carbon rich and biologically significant forest and mangrove ecosystems. Built on the strong foundation of the USAID IFACS project, LESTARI applies a landscape approach to reduce GHG emissions, integrating forest and peatland conservation with low emissions development (LEDS) on other, already degraded land. This is achieved through improved land use governance, enhanced protected areas management and protection of key species, sustainable private sector and industry practices, and expanded constituencies for conservation among various stakeholders. LESTARI is implemented under the leadership of Tetra Tech and a consortium of partners including WWF-Indonesia, Winrock International, Wildlife Conservation Society, Blue Forests, Yayasan Sahabat Cipta, PT South Pole Indonesia, Michigan State University, FIELD Foundation, and INFIS-Mongabay Indonesia. LESTARI runs from August 2015 through July 2020.

LESTARI activities are targeted in six strategic landscapes on three of Indonesia’s largest islands, where primary forest cover remains most intact and carbon stocks are greatest. In northern Sumatra, the Leuser Landscape comprises significant portions of Aceh Selatan, Gayo Lues, Aceh Tenggara, and Aceh Barat Daya districts, and includes the Aceh portion of Leuser National Park and Singkil Wildlife Reserve. In Central Kalimantan, LESTARI works in the Katingan-Kahayan Landscape, comprising Pulang Pisau, Katingan, and Gunung Mas districts; Palangkaraya municipality; and Sebangau and Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Parks. LESTARI also works in four landscapes in Papua. Sarmi and Cyclops Landscapes are located along the northern coast and comprise Sarmi district as well as Jayapura district and municipality. The Lorentz Lowlands Landscape, comprising Mimika and Asmat districts plus a large portion of Lorentz National Park, and the Mappi-Bouven Digoel Landscape are located along Papua’s southern coast. LESTARI is managed from its headquarters in Jakarta, with offices in each landscape as well as the provincial capitals of Aceh, Central Kalimantan, and Papua. Expected results to be achieved by the end of the project include:

● At least 41% of total CO2-equivalent emissions reduced from land use, land use change and deforestation averaged across all landscapes within the project scope; ● At least 8.42 million ha of primary or secondary forest, including orangutan habitat, under improved management; ● Management of at least six conservation areas improved, resulting in the conservation of valuable orangutan and other key species habitat, and the reduction in poaching of threatened and endemic species; ● At least ten public-private partnerships (PPPs) promoting LEDS established; ● Funding leveraged from public and private sources, representing co-investment in project outcomes; ● Increased commitment of key private sector, government, and community stakeholders regarding the positive benefits of conservation and sustainable use of forests and the species they encompass; ● Policies, laws, regulations, and procedures in support of LEDS and forest conservation and management increased, promulgated, and enforced at all levels; ● Models for successful integration of district, provincial, and national low emissions development and forest conservation strategies developed and shared at all levels of government and with other key stakeholders.

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LESTARI YEAR 3 OVERVIEW AND RESULTS LESTARI Year 3 activities were planned through workshops with key partners in Jakarta, Aceh, Central Kalimantan, and Papua in August 2017. A Political Economy Analysis was conducted during Year 2 for all landscapes and also fed into the design of Year 3 activities. Activities were implemented through specific landscape initiatives in accordance with the Year 3 Work Plan. They were aimed at being strategically aligned with entry points and opportunities, integrated among technical approaches, and oriented towards achieving results at scale. In Year 3, LESTARI began to focus more on ensuring the amplification and sustainability of project activities and approaches initiated within Years 1 and 2 through fostering a greater sense of ownership amongst government and civil society stakeholders. Details of the Year 3 progress per landscape initiative is presented within the landscapes section of this Annual Report.

A breakdown of the Year 3 progress achieved against all 16 project indicators is described below. The key achievement was 1.06 million hectares of forest and/or natural resources under improved management (indicator #2). Other indicators (e.g., policies implemented, individuals trained, FMUs strengthened) are designed to feed into indicator #2 and demonstrate the integrated approach to achieving project results.

Further details about the indicators, targets per landscape, and assessment methodology are available in the LESTARI Activity Monitoring and Evaluation Plan (AMEP) and Appendix 1 of this report.

Indicator #1: 19,578,838 tCO2 reduction in land-based GHG emissions aggregated across all landscapes during the first two years of LESTARI (2015-2016 and 2016-2017). This is roughly equivalent to the emissions from 4,192,471 cars driven in one year or 4.8 coal-fired power plants operated in one year. It represents a 64% achievement of the target for Years 1-2 and 26% towards the LOP target. Land cover data has been obtained officially from regional governments for the years 2015, 2016 and 2017. Therefore, currently, rates in reduced GHG emissions can only be calculated for Years 1 and 2 of the project. The land cover map for 2018 will be available in 2019 and Year 3 achievements will be reported at that time. Please see Appendix 2 and the LESTARI Landscape Baseline Analysis (LBA) for further details.

Key activities that contributed to this reduction in land-based GHG emissions included:

• Papua Landscapes: most improvements were from Papua with improved management and protection of Lorentz National Park and Cyclops Nature Reserve, and a reduction in the rate of forest conversion in Mappi-Bouven Digoel • Katingan-Kahayan Landscape: forest fire prevention and peatland restoration; improved management and protection of Bukit Baka Bukit Raya and Sebangau National Parks; improved management capacity of 11 FMUs • Leuser Landscape: the land cover data indicates there was an increase in land- based GHG emissions from this landscape during this period. However, there has been a measurable improvement in the management and protection of Leuser National Park and Singkil Wildlife Reserve; and improved capacity of 3 FMUs to monitor and manage their forest areas. It is likely that the data indicating an increase in GHG emissions is erroneous, as data from ground-based SMART patrols indicates a reduction in deforestation and degradation in Leuser National Park.

Indicator #2: 1,055,044 hectares of forest and/or natural resources under improved management. For reference, this is roughly equivalent in size to the Indonesian island of Sumba or the U.S. state of Rhode Island. A breakdown across all landscapes is as follows:

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● Canal blocking in peatland areas through FPIC with local communities in Pulang Pisau District, Katingan-Kahayan Landscape (55,000 hectares) ● Management improved in FMU XIV area in Katingan-Kahayan Landscape (108,199 hectares) ● METT score increase in Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park (128,858 hectares) ● Land under improved management through co-management agreements with communities (Leuser Landscape – 3 HKm for a total of 1,183 hectares; Katingan- Kahayan Landscape – 1 HD and 5 HKm for a total of 10,451 hectares) ● Co-management and watershed protection between community and local government in Lorentz Lowlands Landscape (Nayaro Village – 191,000 hectares; Yepem/Agats Village – 13,343 hectares) ● Training in Reduced Impact Logging and demonstrated commitment for its adoption by two timber concession partners in Sarmi Landscape – PT. Wapoga Mutiara Timber (169,170 hectares) and PT. Salaki Mandiri Sejahtera (79,130 hectares) ● PT. Bina Balantak Utama, a timber concession partner in Sarmi Landscape, has received training in HCV monitoring and demonstrated commitment for its adoption through its 2019 annual work plan and budget (298,710 ha)

Together with the 2.41 million hectares from Years 1-2, this brings the total to 3.47 million hectares under improved management. While the 1.06 million hectares under improved management reported this year (disaggregated above) falls short of the 1.7 million target, LESTARI was actively working in areas covering more than 7 million hectares during Year 3. More areas include support to maintain ‘improved management’ already counted in Years 1 and 2, as well as other significant areas that have not yet reached the agreed upon threshold for ‘improved management’. The criteria for improved management for each land use type (conservation area, private sector concession, etc.) is described in the AMEP. The Year 3 target was missed in large part because training in Reduced Impact Logging for all timber concession partners in Katingan-Kahayan Landscape was not finalized by October 2018 due to scheduling constraints. These trainings are expected to be complete by Q1 of Year 4, and the improved hectares will be counted towards Year 4 achievements. Overall the project remains on track to meet its LOP target of 8.42 million hectares under improved management. Please refer to the Roadmap to Hectares in the LESTARI Year 4 Work Plan for details.

Indicator #3: 72% decrease in poaching in Leuser National Park and Cyclops Nature Reserve. Poaching data comes from SMART patrols. A baseline poaching rate was calculated in September 2016 and measured again in July 2018. A 75% reduction was recorded in Leuser NP (from 9.6 to 2.4 incidents per 100 km) and 68% reduction in Cyclops NR (from 5.3 to 1.7 incidents per 100 km). SMART patrol data is also available from Singkil WR, Sebangau NP, Lorentz NP and BBBR NP this year. However, poaching and wildlife trafficking were not the main threats here (illegal logging, encroachment, and illegal gold mining were dominant). Results from these areas will be reported when solid baselines are produced.

Indicator #4: 4 sub-national public policies introduced addressing climate change and/or biodiversity conservation

● Bupati Regulation of Gayo Lues District No 56 Year 2017 on Guidelines for Preparing the Village Budget (APBK) for Fiscal Year 2018 ● Governor Regulation of Aceh Province No 16 Year 2018 for Aceh Mid-Term Development Plan (RPJM) 2017-2022 ● Qanun of Aceh Barat Daya District No 3 Year 2018 on District Mid-Term Development Plan (RPJM) 2017-2022 ● Draft regional regulation for Village Authority in Pulang Pisau District

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All of these regulations now incorporate conservation and sustainable natural resource management. For example, they include programs and funding for social forestry, FMU strengthening, fire mitigation, and human-wildlife conflict mitigation. An additional 14 public policies facilitated by LESTARI were in different stages of development during Year 3. Advocacy efforts for these policies included technical support for drafting, formulating, lobbying and influencing policymakers in all landscapes. They are expected to be finalized in Years 4 and 5, but depend on political willingness, government agenda and schedule, and other factors beyond control of LESTARI.

Indicator #5: Sub-national government with improved licensing and permitting mechanism. Achievement on this indicator is lower than initially targeted for several reasons.

First, Law 23 of 2014 on regional governments shifted authority on land use permits more to the provincial level, meaning that the focus for SST work is at provincial level. Improving permit systems at province level in just 2 or 3 provinces would still impact upon all LESTARI districts in those provinces.

Finally, political economic dynamics behind land use permitting mean that political will for improving transparency and responsiveness of permit systems is often very low. This has been the case in Central Kalimantan in particular and to some extent in Aceh. In response, LESTARI has focused work in Papua, and is developing the approach in Aceh more since the 2017 change at provincial government level. LESTARI is undertaking a multi-pronged approach, involving improvements to SIMTARU and launching of SST at provincial level (due in Q1), plus engagement with district governments. LESTARI is also supporting the Sustainable Landscape Planning approach, with emphasis on FPIC verification, which is intended to lead to new district policies on permitting. In Year 4 LESTARI will also be facilitating improved participation in land use monitoring using SST and SIMTARU and measured through the number of reports or grievances submitted by the public. Thus for Papua, district level achievements are expected in Year 4, and in Aceh, the approach is still being finalized, given the political transition currently taking place.

Indicator #6: 5 SEA recommendations related to land use, spatial planning, forest management, and biodiversity conservation incorporated into sub-national government policy, plans, and programs

2 recommendations incorporated into the Strategic Plan of Aceh Provincial Environment and Forestry Agency covering:

● Increased support for social forestry mechanisms ● Institutional strengthening for FMUs

3 recommendations incorporated into 3 Strategic Plans of government planning and programs in Central Kalimantan:

● Inventory and mapping of community land management in Strategic Plan of Public Works and Spatial Planning Agency ● Implementation of technical pilot project of land clearing without burning (PLTB) in strategic plan of Agriculture Agency

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● Village forest management institution in strategic plan of Environment and Forestry Agency

Indicator #7: 17 Multi-Stakeholder Initiatives (MSIs) were facilitated as a means to broaden citizen input in the formulation of policies and programs related to forest and land management

● Preparation of guidelines for Reduced Impact Logging acknowledged by DG of Sustainable Production Forest Management (PHPL) at KLHK ● Watershed protection in Lawe Mokap Aceh Selatan ● Watershed protection in Rikit Gaib Gayo Lues ● Taman Hutan Raya (TAHURA) for mangrove conservation in Mimika District ● Biodiversity conservation partnership agreement to protect plants and wildlife in Mimika District ● Revision of Regional Regulation No.5 Year 2003 on Forest and Land Fire Control in Central Kalimantan Province ● Implementation of Emergency Forest and Land Fire Disaster Management in Central Kalimantan Province ● Social forestry communication forum in Pulang Pisau District ● Rubber and sustainable livelihoods in FMUs XV and XVI in Gunung Mas District ● Rubber processing unit (UPPB) formation in Pulang Pisau District ● Formation of working group for Yepem clean water management in Asmat District ● Land rationalization of concession area of PT. Tunas Sawa Erna in Boven Digoel District ● Revision on SEA-RPJMK of Gayo Lues and integration of recommendations into strategic plans of regional agency ● Revision of SEA-RPJM of Aceh Province and integration of recommendations into strategic plans of regional agency ● Management and zonation of Rawa Singkil Wildlife Reserve (2019-2028) in Leuser Landscape ● Formation of Aceh Environment and Forestry Agency Strategic Plan that incorporates SEA-RPJMA recommendations ● Social forestry acceleration working group (2018-2021) in Aceh Province

Indicator #8: 220 Champions (175 men, 45 women) from local government and civil society were identified and engaged in advocacy interventions. Raising the voices and capacity of Champions is an important pillar of building long-term constituencies for conservation. Champions will continue to serve as leaders in advocating for sustainable forest and land use policies and programs after the completion of the LESTARI project.

Indicator #9: 158,896 people (91,720 men, 67,176 women) were reached to improve awareness and understanding of low emissions development (LEDS) and biodiversity conservation. People were reached mostly through radio, TV, print media, events, websites, social media, and blogs

Indicator #10: 1 Conservation Area with at least 70 points in METT scores. The METT score for Bukit Baka Bukit Raya NP increased from 67 to 74 as result of LESTARI support through conducting SMART Patrols. To improve the METT score for Cyclops Nature Reserve and Lorentz National Park, LESTARI is currently supporting a village regulation on natural resources management as well as developing monitoring guidelines for conservation based on RPJMK. The next METT assessment is planned for mid-2019 based on the schedule set by KLHK.

Indicator#11: 1 FMU strengthened as result of USG assistance. LESTARI is currently providing technical assistance to 10 FMUs in Kalteng, 3 in Aceh, and 1 in Papua. Of these,

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FMU XVI in Kalteng has completed all milestones and has therefore surpassed thresholds to be counted as strengthened. All other FMUs are still in the process of revising and updating their management and zonation plans, getting training for capacity building, linking to social forestry goals, and improving monitoring of protected forests.

Indicator #12: 3,401 people (2,579 men, 822 women) received training in natural resource management. The full list of LESTARI-supported trainings within Year 3 is presented in Appendix 4.

Indicator#13: USD 1,791,438 investment mobilized for forest and biodiversity conservation and climate change. This achievement falls significantly short of the Year 3 target. LESTARI’s approach focused on private sector leveraging, but in the current economic climate this proved to be challenging as only USD 97,394 was leveraged from the private sector. Therefore, LESTARI’s focus in Years 4 and 5 is on budget advocacy and sustainability. LESTARI has developed a practical roadmap for achieving the USD 20 million LOP target by the end of Year 5. It is expected that significant leveraging will occur from government and private sector investment in commodities such as rubber and coffee. This roadmap is presented in Appendix 2 of the Year 4 Work Plan.

Source Amount (USD) Programs Development of cacao nursery houses, provision of high Community 30,376 quality cacao seedlings, development of certified cacao nurseries Co-funding with NGOs for facilitation of SEA development, NGO 151,008 co-sharing from grantees from Leuser and Katingan-Kahayan Landscapes Participatory mapping of customary land, traditional sago Private 97,394 forest management and biodiversity protection Sub-National Village fund allocation for ecotourism, monitoring and forest Government - 28,225 protection program, procure of high quality cacao seedlings Village Sub-National Inter-governmental institution on forest fire prevention, canal Government - 784,450 blocking and peatland management, mangrove protection District Sub-National Peatland management, forest rehabilitation program, social Government - 699,985 forestry, conservation fund for CA management Province TOTAL 1,791,438

Indicator #14: 20,159 people (11,892 men, 8,267 women) received livelihood co- benefits

● Improved market access, price, and productivity of rubber farmers in Central Kalimantan ● Improved livelihood through application good agricultural practices such as the use of organic fertilizers, development of small enterprise in ecotourism object, utilization of non-timber forest product, selling seedlings of agroforestry trees, and improved market access and price for nutmeg farmers in Aceh ● Improved management and utilization of sago production, agroforestry vanilla and received supports from agriculture service for vanilla seedlings ● This figure also includes those people receiving non-monetary benefits through secured rights on land management in Aceh and Central Kalimantan (i.e., social forestry)

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Indicator #15: 3 private sector firms have improved management practices. In Sarmi Landscape, the LESTARI team finalized a series of trainings in Reduced Impact Logging (RIL-C) for two timber concessions (PT. Wapoga Mutiara Timber, PT. Salaki Mandiri Sejahtera) and HCV monitoring for another timber concession (PT. Bina Balantak Utama). These firms have incorporated RIL/HCV into their Standard Operating Procedures (SOP). They have also allocated budget for implementing these principles in their 2019 work plans.

In Katingan-Kahayan Landscape, 7 timber concessions were in the last stage of RIL-C training. There was a few month delay due to technical and operational issues in the field, which have now been resolved. Currently the SOP document that formally adopts RIL-C is awaiting approval from the management of the timber concessions. All training activities are expected to be finalized by December 2018. These 7 concessions will be counted towards this indicator for Year 4, thus meeting the LOP target. .

Indicator #16: 2 new Public-Private Partnerships formed in support for LEDS. Public- Private Partnerships were signed between communities represented by two social forestry groups (Batu Bulan and Mirhayak) in Central Kalimantan with Fair Ventures Worldwide, a non-profit organization based in Germany. The partnership will support these local communities with the establishment of multi-species tree plantings and agroforestry systems for landscape restoration.

Based on discussion with USAID, the LESTARI team focused on two additional PPPs with a much larger investment opportunity instead of several smaller-scale PPPs. Once these two large-scale PPPs are up and running during Year 4, LESTARI will reconsider, under coordination with USAID, whether it is strategic to continue developing new PPPs or simply scale up from the existing ones.

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YEAR 3 CHALLENGES, OPPORTUNITIES, AND LESSONS LEARNED

● LESTARI continues to seek national-level policy, guidance, targets and financial incentives to support climate change mitigation efforts at the sub-national level. Such incentives would dramatically increase LESTARI’s ability to assist GOI in achieving its national targets in key landscapes.

● To foster amplification and sustainability of LESTARI initiatives beyond the life of project, LESTARI should engage more consistently with local political leaders, especially at the provincial level, aligning LESTARI and government priorities to leverage funds and resources. The regular shuffling of personnel at GOI partner institutions is an ongoing challenge, but this also presents an opportunity to build new bridges and improve engagement with new government staff.

● Concurrently, LESTARI should expand partnerships with the private sector, such as the rubber company association and sustainable plantation developers, in order to maintain livelihoods benefits for communities and reduce pressures for deforestation.

● Targeted advocacy and capacity building initiatives for civil society stakeholders for Year 4 present important opportunities for LESTARI to build long-term constituencies and further the sustainability of LESTARI tools and approaches through greater local level ownership.

● Some initiatives at the sub-landscape level are advanced enough to become opportunities for cross-project learning and tangible models for scaling-up. Notable examples include village development planning (RPJMDes) that incorporates principles of sustainable forest management, FPIC for peatland restoration, and zonation in FMU areas. These models will be packaged into knowledge management products, co-branded with GOI partners, and used to amplify these initiatives within and beyond LESTARI landscapes in Years 4 and 5.

● In Aceh, the Bupati of Gayo Lues District has a vision to expand coffee cultivation within his district to 5,000 hectares within 5 years. This presents an opportunity for the LESTARI team to collaborate with FMU V, potential private sector partners, and district government to develop an impactful PPP for scaling up the coffee agroforestry initiative that is currently being implemented through LESTARI grantee Inprosula.

● In Central Kalimantan, LESTARI is engaged in the provincial Working Group for Social Forestry. The Working Group is a multi-stakeholder body that seeks to accelerate implementation of social forestry objectives, which are supported by the President via national targets. LESTARI will support the Working Group on key activities, strengthen civil society involvement, and engage government and civil society in advocacy for increased budget allocations.

● In Papua, Bouven Digoel District represents a major opportunity for LESTARI to safeguard large tracts of land from ecosystem degeneration. The reaction of vested interests against zonation or even the loss of their licenses for inactivity should, however, not be underestimated. Simply revoking licenses for inactivity will not prevent the re-allocation of new licenses.

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LESTARI TECHNICAL THEMES AND PROGRESS TOWARDS TOC

LESTARI’s technical approach is built upon three integrated technical themes: (1) Forest and Land Use Governance and Advocacy, (2) Improved Conservation and Forest Management, and (3) Private Sector Engagement. Theme 1 addresses the enabling conditions for improved practices whereas themes 2 and 3 focus on the direct drivers of improved land management. Each technical theme is guided by various strategic approaches and their corresponding Theory of Change (ToC). The ToC illustrates the connection between project interventions, threats, and intermediate results, building up towards the key project goals: 41% reduction in GHG emissions from forest and land use sectors and 8.42 million hectares of forest, including orangutan habitat, under improved management (See Appendix 5). The ToC also demonstrates the connection between strategic approaches, as they are designed to be closely integrated and mutually reinforcing. All LESTARI ToC diagrams are available for viewing in the Year 3 Work Plan.

A summary of the Year 3 progress under each Technical Theme and supporting Strategic Approaches is presented within this section. Subsequently, dedicated landscape sections provide details on how the approach was implemented to address the unique threats and opportunities present within each LESTARI landscape. TECHNICAL THEME 1: FOREST & LAND USE GOVERNANCE & ADVOCACY

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LESTARI 1 – Awareness and Advocacy As per the Year 3 Work Plan, the main goal for Advocacy and Awareness in Year 3 was to shift the way LESTARI does advocacy, by integrating it into all technical activities in order to more effectively achieve targets and impacts, and also with an eye to sustainability post- LESTARI. This has been done over the course of the year. Accompanied by training and mentoring for field staff, advocacy approaches have been improved and integrated across activities in the landscapes, are no longer delegated solely to advocacy staff. Technical staff are now involved in more relationship building and lobbying with local governments in order to leverage program and budget support, have increased engagement with communities, NGOs, church groups and other stakeholders, in order to enhance advocacy impact.

LESTARI staff are now more effectively supporting advocacy for policy change across landscapes, including for district and provincial budgets, and have experienced a number of successes and achievements, for instance:

● Assisted Bappeda and the Aceh Environment and Forestry Agency (DLHK) to raise the budget allocations for social forestry and FMU operationalization in the Aceh DLHK Draft Strategic Plan to IDR 13.25 billion (USD 920,000) per year for the next five years. ● Leveraged IDR 1.6 billion (USD 111,000) for peatland infrastructure in Katingan District. ● Increased the allocation (at least 10%) and effectiveness of village budgets for conservation needs in all provinces, and obtaining district government support to apply this approach more broadly in Aceh Selatan and Gayo Lues Districts. ● Built strong engagement with and influence over the Social Forestry Working Group in Central Kalimantan, leading to improved implementation and budgeting. ● Improved CSO engagement through training workshops to use SIMTARU in Papua, and its recognition by the Corruption Eradication Commission as a key tool in permit monitoring. ● Participation of the Boven Digul district government in LESTARI’s sustainable landscape planning approach with private sector group Korindo, which has led to plans to develop new district policies to scale up the approach. ● Increased engagement with district governments in Mappi and Boven Digul on using the results of the Landscape Conservation Plans to revise district spatial plans in the near future.

Each province has a primary advocacy focus at provincial level, which has been developed through Year 3. In Aceh, LESTARI supported the Strategic Environmental Assessment for the Mid Term Development Plan (SEA-RPJMD), and now is working for the uptake of recommendations into the Forestry and Environment Office’s five-year Strategic Plan, so that annual workplans and budgets emphasize social forestry, forest monitoring, and FMU operationalization.

In Central Kalimantan, LESTARI focused on building its engagement with the Social Forestry Working Group (Pokja PPS) and on FMU operationalization. This has led the Social Forestry Working Group to become functional, develop a workplan, strengthen community representation, and secure a national budget allocation of IDR 1.9 billion (USD 132,000) for social forestry. LESTARI also focused advocacy efforts on the operationalization of FMUs in ways which accelerate social forestry, monitoring of forests by FMUs and local villages, and partnership development with the private sector. An advocacy event on social forestry and FMUs was held on July 4-5, and is described more fully in the Katingan-Kahayan Landscape section.

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In Papua, LESTARI has been working to optimize use of SIMTARU in spatial plan monitoring by government and the public. This has included supporting Bappeda to train NGOs on how to use SIMTARU to review permits. NGOs under the Asia Foundation umbrella have carried out a review of permits and submitted the results to Bappeda with recommended actions. The Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) developed an Action Plan for Natural Resources Governance, together with the provincial government, which includes reviews of existing permits to verify legality (including whether the permits are in line with the spatial plan) and the payment of state revenues. The KPK has also recognized the suitability of SIMTARU in carrying out such a review. However, implementation of the Action Plan has so far been unclear. LESTARI is ready to assist the provincial government in this effort, if it goes ahead. Given the sensitivities surrounding land use accountability in Papua, LESTARI coordinates with the Asia Foundation NGO network and Bappeda to identify strategic forms of LESTARI support.

LESTARI is also supporting the SEA-RPJMD for Papua Province, which will be used to advocate for increased budget allocations in the RPJMD (2019-2023) and Forestry Agency Renstra for key forestry programs in the coming months. Papua’s Multi-stakeholder Forum for Sustainable Development has been used to enable public discussion on the SEA, and will focus on spatial planning and permit monitoring and enforcement in the future.

LESTARI’s media advocacy work spread awareness on key issues and threats to forest and biodiversity through the broader society via media communications work. This included many components: producing articles on the Mongabay website; fellowships for local journalists in order to increase their experience with and interest in environmental news; support to the Aceh Environmental journalists network (described in the Leuser Landscape section); informal relationship building between journalists and CSOs in order to increase collaboration on environmental stories; social media postings; training of bloggers and local video makers; and producing of a series of documentary videos on a host of topics selected by LESTARI landscape teams.

A total of 42 videos have been produced or are in the process of finalization, and many have already been viewed both online and in offline events supported by LESTARI. Video was selected as a suitable communication mode to communicate these issues in LESTARI provinces; information on titles and viewer numbers are presented in the Communications section.

LESTARI’s media work also aimed to expose particular cases of illegal unsustainable exploitation threatening protected areas. In one case, LESTARI’s media outreach used national level journalists to expose illegal forest encroachment in Central Kalimantan. Lapak Jaru Forest Park in Gunung Mas District of Central Kalimantan Province appeared to be the focus of illegal mining activities, supported by illegal road construction. As a result of Mongabay leading a media trip to the district, extensive reports were published in Kompas, Mongabay, Antara Kalteng and Tabengan. A week after extensive reports in the media, local authorities removed excavators and dismantled a workers’ camp from the park, and a letter was subsequently issued to halt the activity.

To date, LESTARI has engaged a total of 220 Champions as a result of landscape activities and will continue to engage these champions, and develop new ones, in the course of all landscape activities. As part of this approach, LESTARI delivered a series of capacity building activities for women in Aceh resulting in a development of a network of women communicators (Perempuan Peduli Leuser/PPL). This network consists of 22 women from 4 districts and 1 city in Aceh that has been using media strategically to promote conservation issues. This women constituency has also been linked with local NGOs and another LESTARI constituency-building initiative, Forum Jurnalis Lingkungan (Environmental Journalist Forum) in Aceh in order to ensure collective advocacy will take place. Please refer

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to the Gender section of this report for more information on the activities and outcomes from LESTARI Gender integration work.

LESTARI 2 – Operationalize Strategic Environmental Assessments (SEAs) and Landscape Conservation Plans (LCPs) to Improve Land Use Governance Strategic Environmental Assessments (SEA), which are mandatory under Indonesian law, are designed to ensure new or revised policies, plans or programs – including development plans and spatial land use plans – are based on the principles of sustainability and provide alternative scenarios and recommendations to mitigate impacts. Importantly, SEAs provide a formal mechanism for explicitly incorporating LESTARI goals into government decision- making. LESTARI obtains clear written agreement with sub-national government counterparts that LESTARI support for SEAs will result in recommendations that are adopted in specific policies, plans, and programs.

In Aceh, LESTARI provided technical assistance to the Aceh Provincial Government to conduct a thorough SEA, and subsequently ensured that SEA policy recommendations were incorporated into the Aceh Provincial Mid-Term Development Plan (RPJMA, 2017-2022). These recommendations included safeguarding areas of high biodiversity from agricultural expansion and actions against illegal logging. In Quarters 2 and 3, LESTARI provided training for the Aceh Provincial Forestry Agency staff to produce their Strategic Plans (Renstra) aligned with the SEA and secure budget allocations for operationalizing SEA recommendations related to forest protection. Similarly, at the district level, the Renstra and budget (2017-2022) of regional agencies incorporated recommendations from the SEA RPJMK Gayo Lues. In Aceh Barat Daya, LESTARI began working closely with government agencies to ensure SEA recommendations are incorporated to the Renstra and secure budget allocations, particularly for social forestry.

In Papua, LESTARI technical assistance for the Papua Provincial SEA for the RPJMD (2018-2022) began in June 2018. A public consultation was held for identifying strategic issues and development plans together with CSOs, all provincial government agencies, and adat communities. The SEA Working Group (Pokja) then conducted technical analyses of alternative development scenarios for these identified issues. The SEA is expected to be finalized and integrated into the RPJMD within the first quarter of Year 4. Subsequently, LESTARI will facilitate provincial agencies to consult with the SEA Pokja and national government stakeholders to ensure that the SEA is aligned with current regulations.

At the district level in Papua, LESTARI provided technical assistance for updating of SEAs in the districts of Mimika, Boven-Digoel, and Mappi. LESTARI and the SEA Pokja in each district worked side by side in formulating the development of priorities and strategic issues referring to the previous SEA, spatial plan, and relation with national development plans. Public consultations were held in all three districts to incorporate inputs and feedback regarding the strategic issues and development priorities from stakeholders (representatives of each sub-district, government agencies, CSOs, NGOs, community representatives, and private sector). This feedback and inputs are key to identify what and where are the most pressing issue to address, district potential sources of income, and proposed alternatives. Recommendations produced through these analyses in the SEAs identify areas and activities for sustainable development and forest conservation. In Year 4, LESTARI will work with government and community stakeholders to ensure that these recommendations are incorporated into spatial plan revisions. LESTARI support will not involve the facilitation of any new SEAs.

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LESTARI 3 – Sustainable Landscape Governance Deforestation and land degradation in Indonesia are rooted in weak governance, most notably misallocation of resource management rights, uncertainty of land access, insufficient involvement of local communities, and weak law enforcement. This strategic approach consists of two principle pillars: (1) multi-stakeholder initiatives (MSI) to ensure citizen-based inputs to decision makers and (2) transparent and accountable natural resource licensing with robust law enforcement and monitoring, also strengthened by citizen involvement. During Year 3, LESTARI supported a total of 17 multi-stakeholder initiatives (MSIs) for decision making or citizen inputs. MSIs are supported when an impact on improved governance for a particular issue is needed and likely, rather than as regular discussion fora, and act to bring CSOs and communities into decision making processes. In some cases LESTARI utilized existing multi-stakeholder fora (many of which LESTARI helped to establish) and in other cases LESTARI supported new or ad-hoc multi-stakeholder initiatives oriented specifically around a particular policy or governance process.

This multi-stakeholder engagement can lead to better policies, which more effectively integrate the needs and interests of a broader set of stakeholders, and can also establish relations of trust between government and citizens, which lays the groundwork for future collaboration. It can also lead to increased knowledge on the part of citizens, and increased understanding of the value of good governance principles (transparency and participation) on the part of government officials. This can lead to flow-on effects where improved multi- stakeholder engagement becomes a model for others to follow – especially in remote low- capacity districts where such examples can be rare.

Some significant multi-stakeholder initiatives supported this year were related to land access and resource rights, in the particular context of zonation. For example, the management and zonation of the Rawa Singkil Wildlife Reserve in the Leuser Landscape, or the collaboration with Korindo Group in Boven Digoel District to work towards participative zonation of a license area. LESTARI supported multi-stakeholder social forestry working groups to strengthen social forestry implementation in Pulang Pisau District and at Central Kalimantan Province level, and for Aceh Province, since social forestry implementation will accelerate land access and resource rights for many forest-dependent villages in LESTARI landscapes. LESTARI has also supported MSIs on fire management in Central Kalimantan, enhancements of rubber livelihoods in Central Kalimantan, and forest management at the village level in Mimika and Asmat Districts. Another key part of the MSI work has been to facilitate quality public consultation processes and revisions to SEAs for development plans in Gayo Lues and Aceh Province. More details on the results from this support is detailed under the respective technical themes and landscape initiatives.

In order to improve transparency and accountability in natural resource licensing with robust law enforcement and monitoring, LESTARI engages with government on licensing reform (notably the SIMTARU and SST systems) and supports improved civil society involvement in monitoring – including both monitoring land use licensing and monitoring impacts on forests. Initiatives to strengthen forest monitoring were carried out by supporting village patrols (for example in Nayaro village in Mimika and Yepem village in Asmat), and also by building competence of villages with social forestry permits in Central Kalimantan to monitor their forests and guard against internal and external threats. In Aceh, improved forest monitoring was also a key recommendation of the SEA, and thus was present in the provincial mid-term development plan and the Forestry and Environment Agency’s Strategic Plan (2017-2022), with an increased indicative budget. These initiatives are further described under the landscape initiatives.

Initiatives for strengthening civil society monitoring of licenses are focused in Aceh and Papua Provinces. In Papua, LESTARI has engaged with local NGOs who are advocating for

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permit reform and permit reviews, and has facilitated increased collaboration between those NGOs and Bappeda. Trust is still being built, but a group of NGOs has been trained on the use of SIMTARU in order to increase their capacity to utilize the SIMTARU system for monitoring licensing in Papua, and reporting problems. Work will continue in Year 4 with more training for CSOs and also supporting Bappeda to be able to respond effectively to civil society reports. The SST, and LESTARI’s FPIC verification work in Boven Digoel district, are also key tools which have been built in Year 3 and which will be used by civil society actors in monitoring land use licensing in Year 4.

In Aceh, LESTARI supported an environmental journalist network in Aceh (Forum Jurnalis Lingkungan/FJL) as a strategic constituent bringing the issue of permit and forest monitoring to the fore. Initially developed by LESTARI in 2016 through various capacity building activities, FJL has gradually evolved into an independent network of environmental journalist in two year period. Throughout Y3, FJL has worked through collaborative efforts with universities, NGOs and local government to hold multi-stakeholder meetings, environmental journalist camps and environmental journalism seminars. These efforts have acted as a catalyst for a better public knowledge and understanding on forest and permit monitoring issues.

LESTARI’s support for local government to improve licensing systems is focused on Papua Province, with supporting initiatives at district level in Mimika, Boven Digoel and Mappi Districts, and in Aceh Province. This work has been delayed somewhat by a number of governance reforms driven by different national government ministries and implemented differently in each province, including OneMap and BIG’s geoportal system, e-licensing, the Online Single Submission (OSS) system, and the new Sicantik cloud database system. In Papua, this resulted in a new e-licensing system, meaning that SST had to be reformulated to fit into, and be embedded into, this system. In Aceh, the SAPA licensing system was created and then dropped. In order to support improved transparency of spatial and licensing data, LESTARI is now assisting the development of a Governor’s Regulation for the Integrated Aceh Information System (Sistem Informasi Aceh Terpadu/SIAT). This will regulate the management of spatial data which will enable creation of the SST in Aceh. Due to the above shifts, as well as changes in Governor and Agency Heads, LESTARI is still in the process of engaging relevant stakeholders and seeking the most strategic entry point for how to build SST into licensing processes to improve decision making and accountability. This activity started by the end of Year 3 and will be continuing throughout Year 4.

In Papua Province, LESTARI continued to work to embed the Sustainability Screening Tool (SST) into existing licensing processes by the One-Stop-Shop for Licensing and Investment (DPM-PTSP). This will ensure that new licenses to be issued are in line with the spatial plan and avoid conflicts licenses already issued and sensitive areas such as primary rainforest. Due to a shift in online licensing mechanism, additional stakeholders, such as the Information Agency, were engaged. Relationships have been improved between the Information Agency, Bappeda, and the DPM-PTSP so that SST can function effectively. Moreover, awareness of sectoral agencies such as Forestry, Mining, and Plantations was raised concerning the use and function of SST. The technical foundation for the SST has been built and the formal procedures (SOP) for SST are being drafted. A public consultation was held to engage stakeholders and receive inputs on ways to improve SST. Important inputs concerned establishing the live connection to SIMTARU and the need for increased completeness of licensing information and community land rights in SIMTARU. Since the SST is a tool which reviews a new permit application against the spatial plan and existing permits in SIMTARU, SST effectiveness depends on the completeness of data in SIMTARU, and on a live connection to SIMTARU which ensures that SST can ‘see’ the most up-to-date data. SIMTARU was formally handed over to Bappeda with technical support to come from WRI/ICRAF in the future. Before handover, a series of workshops were held to build cross- agency capacity and self-reliance to update SIMTARU and to improve its functioning. The

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SST will be launched in Q1 of Year 4, after the live data connection between SIMTARU and SST has been established. Following that, it will be used with SIMTARU as a tool for citizen involvement in monitoring licensing governance.

TECHNICAL THEME 2: IMPROVED CONSERVATION & FOREST MANAGEMENT

LESTARI 4 – Improved Forest Management Through Co- Management and FMU Strengthening LESTARI supports building capacity and commitment for co-management among relevant stakeholders in areas adjacent to CAs. This is essential for threat reduction on the conservation areas through more transparent, negotiated agreements where roles and responsibilities between stakeholders (local communities, local government, national park, FMU) are clearly defined. LESTARI works to improve the management of these critical areas through ensuring participation of communities and promoting conservation stewardship via mechanisms such as social forestry and conservation partnership agreements.

During Year 3, the LESTARI team assisted the Aceh Provincial government in the development of technical guidelines (Petunjuk Pelaksanaan dan Petunjuk Teknis, or Juklak Juknis) for FMU managers to develop cooperation agreements (Pola Kerja Sama) between the FMU, community, and/or private sector stakeholders. This is necessary to enable FMUs to better manage the vast areas under their control. Moreover, the USFS FMU Toolkit was adopted by the Research, Development, and Innovation Agency (FOERDIA) at KLHK and utilized to mainstream the principles of multiple use forestry and co-management in the long- term management plans of FMUs V and VI. In Katingan-Kahayan Landscape, LESTARI supports the institutional strengthening of 10 FMUs. During Year 3, LESTARI facilitated FMUs III and XVII to obtain approval of their RPHJP documents from KLHK.

In Leuser, LESTARI facilitated three communities to successfully obtain social forestry permits, while an additional five applications are currently being reviewed by KLHK. At the policy level, LESTARI facilitated dialogue between the DG of Social Forestry and Environmental Partnerships at KLHK with the Acting Governor of Aceh in order to resolve policy constraints to social forestry in Aceh Province. As a result, a decree formalizing the social forestry working group was signed by the Acting Governor of Aceh. The working group will be the lead institution responsible for handling social forestry implementation in the province. This is an important step towards ensuring greater amplification and long-term viability of social forestry initiatives in Aceh.

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In Katingan-Kahayan, LESTARI assists 34 social forestry groups (covering 75,909 ha in total) for not only obtaining the permits, but also for forest-based enterprise development once the permits are secured. During Year 3, an additional 5 community forestry permits were secured in addition to the 10 previously acquired. The other 19 groups are still in the process of preparing their proposals through assistance from LESTARI. For groups that already received permits, LESTARI provided training in forest management, surveying forest potential for NTFPs, and preparing forest management plans. To achieve greater amplification, LESTARI assisted the social forestry working group of Central Kalimantan to secure nearly IDR 1.9 billion (USD 132,000) in budget allocation to accelerate the issuance and verification of social forestry licenses.

In the Lorentz Lowlands Landscape in Papua, LESTARI team supported 4 village- Community Conservation Agreements that recognize Rawa Baki Forest Area (123,000 ha of production forest) in Asmat District as an essential ecosystem area (KEE). With the Yepem, Ewer, and Saw communities, LESTARI assisted in finalizing village development plan documents that enhance protection of about 60,000 hectares of mangrove forest outside of Lorentz National Park. LESTARI continued to facilitate the formation of an Asmat water management working group (Pokja Air) to develop collaborative water resource management in Yepem Village, and provided technical assistance to bridge between local government and the Yepem adat community for a water supply and protection scheme. This will provide government funds to the Yepem BUMK. LESTARI 5 – Protected Area Management and Key Species Conservation LESTARI works with KLHK’s KSDAE Directorate for Conservation Areas to improve the management in 6 Conservation Areas (CAs) located within LESTARI landscapes. To do this, LESTARI supports the application of the Management Effectiveness Tracking Tool (METT) to quantify, monitor, and enhance management effectiveness by engaging with CA management staff, local government, NGOs and communities. The strategic approach also includes implementation of technology-based tools such as SMART Patrols (patrol planning, staff training, database management, patrol implementation) and camera traps, as well as improving management and zonation plans, dedicated wildlife crime and forest crime units, and human-wildlife conflict mitigation, among others.

During Year 3, LESTARI supported all 6 CAs through the implementation of joint work plans that were developed in a collaborative manner with the CA management. In Leuser Landscape, SMART patrols continued to be the core activity for safeguarding Leuser National Park (TNGL) and Singkil Wildlife Reserve (RSWR), as well as protected forests within the FMU VI area. In TNGL, which is an important habitat for Sumatran tigers, 4 patrol teams succeeded in reducing the poaching rate by 75% compared to the baseline produced in 2016. In RSWR, illegal logging continued to be a persistent problem, with the incidence slightly increasing (from a baseline of 5.18 signs per 100 km to 5.46). This is due to the community’s lack of understanding regarding the protected forest status of the area as well as weak monitoring and enforcement mechanisms. The intensity of the patrols (3 teams) is insufficient, and a new strategy will be devised through consultation with BKSDA Aceh. In the Trumon area, the CRU Trumon team continued to monitor Sumatran elephant population distribution, mitigate incidences of community-elephant conflict, and conduct patrols to remove snares.

In Katingan-Kahayan Landscape, SMART patrols in the Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park succeeded in reducing the incidence of illegal gold mining, which contributes to deforestation, landslides, and other harmful impacts to the landscape. The percentage of active illegal gold mining decreased from 88% to 29%. This decline was a positive impact of LESTARI-supported SMART patrols.

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In Cyclops Nature Reserve, LESTARI's efforts in initiating SMART patrols were welcomed by the Papua BBKSDA, which then allocated their own budget to continue SMART patrols independently. BBKSDA Papua also added community patrol units to conduct more effective patrols in areas that were still experiencing disturbances. Communities around Cyclops are still hunting for food needs but most of the hunting is intended for wild boar, the level of hunting for key species such as cassowaries, tree kangaroos and scrub turkeys decreased from 2.6 to 1.7 findings per 100 kilometers. LESTARI also provided training on the use of drones for the patrol team to improve the effectiveness of securing the area and optimizing resources in in responding to activities that threaten the area.

In Lorentz National Park, SMART Patrol activities are not only aimed at preventing poaching, but also to manage biodiversity data and information. In the Year 3 SMART activities were combined with Wollaston's expedition/ecotourism activities (the “role model” concept for Lorentz NP) and collected data on herpetofauna, lepidoptera, mammals, and avifauna. This activity was carried out by involving officers from the highland area of Lorentz NP to learn SMART data management for the entire Lorentz National Park area. In addition, LESTARI assisted communities to develop a mangrove collaborative management plan, which included a village regulation on ensuring the sustainability of mangrove crab populations by reducing hunting for female crabs.

LESTARI also provided technical support to evaluate and design the zonation of Lorentz National Park. The draft zonation plan is currently under the review by the Directorate PIKA at KLHK, but the quality has already been deemed improved. This zoning plan is more comprehensive than before as it incorporates data on participatory mapping with communities and biodiversity surveys conducted by LESTARI in the lowlands region.

TECHNICAL THEME 3: PRIVATE SECTOR ENGAGEMENT LESTARI 6 – Green Enterprises This strategic approach involves supporting community livelihoods through improved production and enhanced market access for key local commodities that are produced sustainably. It is targeted in select buffer zone locations aimed at reducing deforestation and encroachment pressures. It is also a strategic entry point to secure buy-in from local governments.

During Year 3, the focus was on scaling up existing green enterprise initiatives to cover wider areas and involve more beneficiaries. In Leuser landscape, field activities with approximately 850 cacao farmers (covering 579 ha) involved various technical and management trainings as well as facilitation to establish and operationalize cooperatives. LESTARI connected these farmer cooperatives with private sector partners (ECOM/TMCI) that will provide technical assistance for the farmers in acquiring UTZ certification and subsequently serve as buyers. This certification ensures standards of good agriculture practice by farmers and enables them to fetch higher prices for their products. Analysis by the LESTARI team has shown strong demand for UTZ-certified crops from major buyers in Aceh.

In the Katingan-Kahayan Landscape, LESTARI continued to facilitate the formal establishment of four rubber processing centers (UPPBs) for rubber farmers in Pulang Pisau District. Three UPPBs have been established while one is still under process. These UPPBs

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will be a crucial part of the rubber livelihoods initiative that has been facilitated by the LESTARI team by engaging multi-stakeholder dialogue at a higher level (local government, FMU, rubber business association, private sector). Meanwhile field activities continued to focus on the provision of premium quality of seedlings and replanting to support the rehabilitation of degraded peatland areas.

In Cyclops Landscape, the vanilla agroforestry initiative continued to focus on scaling up, with the overall aim to improve livelihoods and reduce encroachment pressures on Cyclops Nature Reserve. An additional two locations, Jayapura Utara and Sentani Barat, were selected based on discussion with BKSDA, the Forestry Agency, and NCBA (as LESTARI’s private sector partner and the off-taker), and additional farmers were being socialized and recruited in these locations. Thus far, technical trainings in vanilla cultivation have been provided for 175 farmers, in collaboration with NCBA.

In Lorentz Lowlands Landscape, livelihoods support focused on communities in Nayaro and Yepem Villages. The initiatives provided technical trainings for the local community in sustainable production of sago and facilitation of freshwater management. Trainings for sustainable sago production and post-harvest processing were conducted in Nayaro through the farmer field school approach and engaged 57 farmers. In Yepem, LESTARI provided training in water resource management for 86 individuals and facilitated the establishment of a Village-Owned Enterprise (BUMK). The BUMK is a formal institution that enables communities to apply for and receive funding from government programs such as the Village Fund. LESTARI 7 – Private Sector Best Management Practices (BMPs) The focus of this strategic approach involves engaging with private sector companies operating in and/or impacting LESTARI landscapes to build their capacity and secure their commitment towards the long-term implementation of BMPs for reducing deforestation and improving biodiversity conservation within concession areas.

During Year 3, LESTARI continued to deliver trainings for Reduced Impact Logging for Reduced Carbon Emissions (RIL-C) for 9 timber concession (HPH) partners in the Katingan- Kahayan and Sarmi Landscapes. The RIL-C training supports HPHs to adopt modern practices that are more sustainable, efficient, and less damaging to the natural environment. Examples include producing pre-harvest forest inventories, mapping individual crop trees, planning roads and skid trails to minimize soil disturbance, and directional felling. Thus far, the total estimated area impacted is about 400,000 ha. In the Katingan-Kahayan Landscape, the final training modules are currently being delivered and final reports are due in the first quarter of Year 4.

In Sarmi Landscape, 2 HPHs have finished the trainings, finalized an SOP document that formally adopts RIL-C as standard practice, and allocated budget for RIL-C in their next annual work plan. The LESTARI team conducted an audit of the trainings and found increased commitment from the company management, via allocation of financial and human resources, in implementing RIL-C in their concessions.

LESTARI also delivered trainings in high conservation value (HCV) monitoring for a timber concession partner (PT BBU) covering 298,170 hectares in Sarmi Landscape. The monitoring was conducted in a participatory manner (between HPH staff and local community, facilitated by LESTARI team) to gather data and examine biodiversity and environmental values within the concession. The results are being used to update the Conservation Management and Monitoring Plan (CMMP) document as an SOP protocol for HCV monitoring and protection as SOP.

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In Bouven Digoel District, Papua, LESTARI continued to coordinate with Korindo Group on the sustainable landscape planning initiative. This initiative aims to ensure that plantation development is done in a participatory manner with community stakeholder involvement, ensuring that important natural forests are safeguarded for watershed protection, local livelihoods, and cultural values. A Letter of Intent (LoI) was signed between LESTARI and Korindo during the first quarter to state the objectives of the cooperation. It was followed by a workshop for the preparation of a participatory field assessment. The workshop was attended by various stakeholders and addressed issues related to communication and transparency between Korindo and local communities. The communities agreed that all issues should be addressed and resolved before moving forward with the participatory field assessment as part of a thorough Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC) process. LESTARI 8 – Innovative Financing for Sustainable Land and Forest Management This strategic approach focuses on two key areas: (1) sustainable tourism development and (2) community-based innovative financing.

During this year, the LESTARI team provided assistance to develop and promote ecotourism with Sebangau National Park management and villages located in the buffer zone of the park. After an MoU was signed between the local community and Sebangau National Park, LESTARI continued the facilitation by providing direct input to the ecotourism team of Sebangau National Park in developing a Detailed Engineering Design (DED) document. A joint survey between LESTARI and Sebangau National Park team was subsequently conducted, and as of the end of Year 3 the LESTARI team is finalizing the findings of the survey to further inform the DED.

In parallel, the LESTARI team completed a plan for the Sebangau Restoration Fund. A presentation was given to KLHK that detailed the restoration activities, costs, and potential funding options from private sector and national and international donors to sustain the long- term management of Sebangau National Park. The LESTARI team also had an initial discussion with the Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI), which has shown interest to be involved in this initiative. The next step is to have a more detailed discussion with GGGI on possible collaboration mechanisms.

Although LESTARI is currently behind on the leveraging financing indicator (#13), in Year 4 LESTARI will make additional investments and track opportunities to leverage additional private and public investment mobilized from national, private sector, and multilateral funding sources. This includes tailored advocacy strategies in each LESTARI province to leverage tools, models, and approaches into government programming with budget support. It also includes actively tracking and then pursuing additional private and public sector opportunities that emerge over the next year, with a focus on commodities such as rubber, coffee, and cacao. This might include the Green Climate Fund (GCF).

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LANDSCAPE INITIATIVES Leuser Landscape

96°45'0"E 97°0'0"E 97°15'0"E 97°30'0"E 97°45'0"E 98°0'0"E K O T A L A N G S A FIELD ACTIVITIES IN LEUSER LANDSCAPE - ACEH A C E H T E N G A H A C E H T I M U R OCTOBER 2017 - SEPTEMKBUEARLA 2S0IM1P8ANG N N " " 0 0 ' ' 5 5 1 1 ° ° 4 4 N A G A N R A YA A C E H T A M I A N G Paya Kumer T Cane Baru Kenyaran Pasir Putih rip e R Atu Kapur iv Pining Rerebe er Pertik Bukut Terlis Setul Gajah Uring Ekan Papelah Tongra Berhut Tingkem Penosan Leme N Melelang Jaya N " "

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e r Gu nun g L e us e r N Na ti o na l P a r k N " Babah Lueng " 0 0 ' Na ti o na l P a r k ' 5 Babah Lueng 5 4 4

° K a b . L a n g k a t ° 3 BLANG PIDIE Pasar Blangpidie 3 Adan N O R T H S U M A T R A Jamur Lak-lak Leuser Suka Damai Kayee Aceh Lawe Gekh Gekh Lawe Sembekan Batee Meucanang Simpang III Jongar Pisang A l a s Gunung Rotan Gulo R N iv N " Bukit mas e " 0 0 ' Keumumu Hulu Istiqomah r Kutambaru ' 0 Jambo Papeun 0 3 3

° Muhajirin ° 3 Kuning II 3 Kisam Gabungan Mutiara Kuta Lesung Panton Luas Cinta Damai

K A C E H T E N G G A R A Gelah Musara l u Lawe Maklum IN D I A N O CE A N e t R Alur Baru iv e Gu nun g L e us e r Penguhapan N Jambo Apha Pasar r N " "

0 Na ti o na l P a r k Alur Baning 0 ' Panjupian ' 5 5 1 1

° TAPAK TUAN Koto ° 3 Paya Ateuk 3 M e ng g a m a t K a b . K a r o Ie Mirah Lawe Sawah

Paya Dapur Alai Krueng Kluet A C E H S E L A T A N N N " " 0 0 ' '

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Improving Livelihood (Forest Honey) SUBULUSSALAM ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! RPJMDes Indicative areas ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Social Forestry Ra w a Si ng k i l ! ! ! ! ! ! ! K a b . P a k p a k B h a r a t ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Wi ld li f e R e s e r v e ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Co-Management with Leuser NP N N

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i Leuser Operational Landscape v e S r U M Conservation Area boundary A : T Km A C E H S I N G K I LR FMU V Boundary A 0 5 10 20 30 40 50 SINGKIL

N FMU VI Boundary N " " 0 0

' Source : Compile of LESTARI activities data ' 5 K a b . Ta p a n u l i Te n g a h 5 1 Forest cover during October 2017 - September 2018 1 ° Esri, DeLorme, GEBCO, NOAA NGDC, and other contributors, Sources: Esri, GEBCO, NOAA, National ° 2 2 Geographic, DeLorme, HERE, Geonames.org, and other contributors 96°45'0"E 97°0'0"E 97°15'0"E 97°30'0"E 97°45'0"E 98°0'0"E

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Landscape Profile The Leuser Landscape encompasses an area of 1.6 million hectares in Aceh Province that is rich in natural resources and an economy that is dominated by agroforestry. Crops such as cacao, nutmeg, and coffee are important contributors to the region’s development and community livelihoods as well as export markets, including the United States. The landscape is largely defined by two protected areas, Leuser National Park and Singkil Wildlife Reserve. They serve as habitat for the globally-valued, yet critically endangered species unique to this landscape: Sumatran orangutan, tiger, elephant, and rhino. The landscape still faces threats from encroachment and conversion for agriculture, illegal logging, habitat destruction, and biodiversity loss. This, in turn, also threatens the livelihoods of local communities that depend upon the environmental services provided by forested areas, particularly freshwater provision. The landscape includes the districts of Gayo Lues, Aceh Tenggara, Aceh Selatan, and Aceh Barat Daya.

LESTARI’s overall vision for this landscape is to advance collaborative and sustainable management practices in forested sub-watersheds facing significant encroachment pressures. Year 3 Progress The Year 3 target for hectares under improved management was 143,279 hectares derived from 108,279 hectares of FMU III area and 35,000 hectares of social forestry agreement. LESTARI is reporting the community forestry areas (HKm) of HKm Lawe Tenebok (974 ha), HKm Ujung Deloeng (104 ha) and HKm Rumah Rungko (105 ha), all of which are in Aceh Selatan District, under improved management. The reasons for shortcoming in FMUs are explained in the ensuing Challenges and Opportunities section. Progress under each initiative is summarized below.

Initiative 1: Provincial and district LESTARI integration and scaling through engagement in annual budgeting (including Aceh Green leveraged incorporating SEA recommendations into RPJMA and Renstra) In Leuser Landscape, LESTARI works with the principle of synergizing all levels of planning from the province, district, village, protected forest area (FMU) and conservation areas (TNGL, BKSDA). This aims to ensure that the development programs will correspond to conservation efforts and respect conservation areas that are not available for development. To guarantee program implementation, LESTARI then conducts budget advocacy in all level of governments. One specific example is implementation of a RPP (Rencana Pelaksanaan Program) under the MoU between TNGL and Aceh Tenggara District regarding improved management of TNGL within the district area. One of the forms of this RPP incudes tenurial conflict mitigation and community empowerment through ecotourism development.

At the provincial level, LESTARI has provided technical assistance for the development of a Strategic Environmental Assessment for Aceh’s Mid Term Development Plan (SEA-RPJMA) to ensure that sustainable development principles are mainstreamed within the strategic development policies, plans, and programs that will bring impact to the environment. In February 2018, seven provincial agencies (Satuan Kerja Pemerintah Aceh/SKPA) – including forestry agency – signed minutes of agreement on the integration of SEA recommendations into their five-year Strategic Plan (Renstra). Two months later, the RPJMA that incorporated SEA recommendations was passed through a Governor’s Regulation on April 2018. The provincial SEA may also have other impacts as subsequent policies and regulations are developed such as for forest monitoring and land use licensing and permitting of green investment schemes as per the recommendations.

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LESTARI then provided technical assistance to Aceh’s Provincial Forestry Agency to strengthen their Renstra, focusing on an acceleration of the ‘operationalization’ of FMUs and social forestry initiatives, and to improve forest monitoring. This assistance builds upon the SEA-RPJMA, and ensures its recommendations are carried forward into programs and budgets for forestry in the province. At the end of August 2018, LESTARI met with DLHK and Bappeda (since Bappeda has a role in reviewing/approving the Renstra) and obtained approval for all LESTARI revisions to the draft Renstra. The plan is now stronger, includes identification of threats to forests, is compliant with SEA recommendations, and improves the use of data and analysis to formulate programs. The amount allocated in the DLHK Renstra is IDR 13.25 billion (USD 920,000) per year for the next five years. However, this figure is indicative and needs to be passed in official annual budgets by the parliament.

In parallel, LESTARI brought the SEA-RPJMA recommendations to the preparation of the SEA-RPJMD for Gayo Lues District. 16 agencies agreed to integrate SEA recommendations into their Renstra to protect water catchments, intensify production through agroforestry, promote social forestry schemes in FMU and conservation areas, and tighten rules for energy (hydropower) generation to reduce conflict with protected areas in the FMU and TNGL. Gayo Lues RPJMD, which integrates SEA recommendations was passed into local regulation in April 2018, and adopt some LESTARI programs implemented in Leuser Landscape, ensuring amplification and sustainability of LESTARI approaches.

LESTARI also supported the provincial government to develop technical guidance on Aceh’s forestry partnership scheme (Pola Kerjasama), which in Aceh has been seen as an alternative to national government-led social forestry schemes. Pola Kerjasama is mandated under Aceh’s provincial level forestry regulation (Qanun 7/2015), and has potential to support village access to forests and improve economic empowerment, but is yet to be well regulated or supervised resulting in implementation that has not prioritized village empowerment, and under-collected revenue. LESTARI has supported the formulation of technical guidelines for Pola Kerjasama, and will finalize this work in Q1 of Year 4.

Harmonization of development plans is also carried out at the village level through assistance on Village Plans and Budget (RPJMDes and APBDes). The reason why LESTARI also focuses on village level planning is because villages are not separate from National Parks and Forest Management Unit areas – they overlap. This means that planning documents prepared by National Parks or FMUs cover the same areas of land which are also covered under village planning processes. Furthermore, once villages have well- considered development plans in place, which allocate attention to sustainable forest management, this can often lead to additional budget support from district, provincial and/or national government, as they see that their programs will be more effective if delivered via villages which have similar objectives with their own development planning.

In the Southeastern Aceh sub-landscape, LESTARI initially supported village planning in two districts, Gayo Lues and Aceh Tenggara. The program covered revision of RPJMDes, drafting of RKP Desa (village annual development planning), and village zonation. There were 15 villages (9 in Aceh Tenggara and 6 in Gayo Lues) involved, focused on the protection of water catchment areas. LESTARI assisted villages in revising their vision and mission statements, improving their land management, drafting their work plans, and formulating budget allocations for forest and environmental conservation programs (e.g., reforestation, social forestry, watershed protection, patrols). This program also laid the groundwork for further collaboration between villages and forest managers (national park management authority or FMU). In the six-month period, many observable, positive changes occurred, including improvements to village capacity, and explicit mention of environmental conservation in the vision and mission statements of village development plans. In terms of new budget allocations for environmental conservation programs – either from Village Fund

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or the district, provincial, or central governments – the table below provides a summary for Aceh Tenggara District.

Budget Allocation in Aceh Tenggara District

No Village Budget for Environmental Conservation in 2018 (IDR)

Village Fund APBK/APBA (DU)

1 Gulo 91,975,000 (after taxation) 713,500,000

2 Pulo Gadung 219,020,000 180,000,000

3 Terutung Kute 96,842,143 (after taxation) 1,705,000,000

4 Ujung Baru 110,104,000 (after taxation) 30,000,000

5 Kuta Ujung 137,522,000 (after taxation) 1,081,000,000

6 Istiqamah 225,000,000 3,353,000,000

7 Pulopiku 95,000,000 1,497,000,000

8 Lawe Stul 52,552,000 (after taxation) 75,084,400

9 Khotan Jaya 66,729,550 (after taxation) 680,000,000

In general, there are a number of types of impacts that resulted from the village planning approach. These include:

● Higher quality, more inclusive village planning processes, which include direct recognition of conservation needs which are relevant to the villagers’ lives. LESTARI- supported collaborative approaches also provide precedents which can lead to amplification of multi-stakeholder approaches to forest management planning. Some impacts include that FMUs in Aceh are more willing to engage with villages; the Bupati of Aceh Tenggara is now developing an MoU with Gunung Leuser National Park; FMU V has a close relationship now with the Bupati of Gayo Lues and is actively involved in multi-stakeholder processes. Aceh is becoming an example of integrated watershed-based forest management, including via the SEA-RPJMA, SEA-RPJMD at district level in Gayo Lues, RPJMDes, and RPHJP of FMUs. The collaborative process has actively brought together village communities with FMU and other forestry officials. For example, at the field level, LESTARI has facilitated co-management agreements for watershed protection that clearly define the roles and responsibilities of FMU, community, and district government.

● Increased village budget allocations for conservation, sustainable forest management, or sustainable livelihoods. Specific additions have included reforestation in watershed areas, general environmental protection, peatland water management infrastructure, and forest monitoring.

● Village planning can also and/or scale up across districts or provinces, if the government adopts the pro-conservation village planning approach. Based on the 6- volume village development planning module produced by LESTARI, the Bupati of Aceh Selatan issued a Bupati regulation to instruct all villages to include environmental protection in their village plans, which could include reforestation or forest rehabilitation, forest protection, watershed protection, and human wildlife conflict mitigation. This could affect more than 400,000 ha of forest, including some of Gunung Leuser National Park and Rawa Singkil Wildlife Reserve. The Bupati of Gayo Lues also issued a Bupati regulation regarding annual village fund allocation

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that allows 30% of the funds to be allocated for empowering community-based forest enterprises.

● LESTARI’s participative zonation approach has also been noticed by the Ministry for Land and Agrarian Affairs (ATR), and they may be using it to develop guidelines for kawasan perdesaan (ATR staff have made two visits to Aceh Barat Daya to view LESTARI work results during the end of the third year).

● Learning from field implementation, the Year 4 emphasis will thus be on the adoption of pro-forest village development planning approaches at district, provincial, and national levels, where possible. LESTARI has begun an engagement with the Ministry of Villages and KLHK to develop a knowledge management product together on the approach, and initial indications are positive. LESTARI will engage at the provincial level in Aceh, for the scaling up of the approach, using LESTARI-supported villages as models.

Under this initiative LESTARI also supported efforts towards improving Aceh’s land use licensing systems, and civil society inputs into monitoring licenses. LESTARI’s work on permit reform in Aceh (SST and SIAT) has already been described under SA3 above, including LESTARI’s support for the environmental journalist network (FJL) to raise attention to problems with land use licensing. More specific impacts of this work are described below.

The multi-stakeholder (local government, journalists, NGO, academia) discussions successfully brought to light the obstacles and challenges in improving forest governance. Some of the pressing issues discussed were the unavailability of data regarding land use permits and the lack of government transparency in making the data publicly available. FJL encouraged government to increase its transparency by opening data on forest permits. This recommendation was well-received by a spokesperson of Aceh Government who attended the discussion on the behalf of the Acting Governor of Aceh. The government formally demonstrated their commitment to more transparency through the development of SIAT as a system to provide accessible public information. Another example is a discussion that was held to respond to the recent mining conflict between local communities of Beutong Ateuh Sub-district, Nagan Raya District with a mining company, PT. Emas Murni Mineral (EMM). PT. EMM is permitted to mine in the 10,000 hectares of forest area, which is part of the protected area. The conflict drew public attention to the problems in land use permit mechanisms. Through the discussion, FJL brought all involved parties to one table such as Dinas ESDM Aceh, Walhi and community representatives from Beutong Ateuh. Through the discussion, FJL called on more stakeholders to actively monitor forest and permit mechanism in Aceh. FJL also pushed the government to be more transparent and responsive in addressing community reports. Due to the massive media coverage on the conflict, a member of DPRA sent an invitation to the Acting Governor of Aceh to discuss this problem.

In Year 4 LESTARI will also be continuing to facilitate improved public participation in land use monitoring while developing the SST system in Aceh Province.

Initiative 2: Closer collaboration between provincial forest and FMU managers that fosters sustainable livelihoods development LESTARI promotes integrated watershed-based forest management, including via RPHJP of FMUs. In Leuser Landscape, LESTARI supported FMU V and VI for the revision of their RPHJPs in close collaboration with USFS and the core team of FOERDIA/KLHK introducing the newly-launched multiple-use forestry toolkits. A series of field assessments and technical consultations with relevant stakeholders and village communities resulted in significant changes regarding planned forest use. FMUs are now aware that the most profitable forests are those left preserved and motivated them to recognize the full forest potential and

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improve the quality of their planning documents. FMU managers are also seeing an increase in the number of staff assigned including hundreds of ex-combatant rangers – now perceived as real assets for establishing relationships of mutual trust between village communities living inside and around forest areas. The FOERDIA toolkit specifically assisted in the development of a workforce management strategy during RPHJP development.

The RPHJP development will be continuing in Year 4 and must be endorsed by KLHK, and will be followed by the development of short-term forest management plan (RPHJPd) and implementation.

Figure 7. Clockwise from top left: Discussion on forest planning between FMU V and communities; forest inventory field assessment being conducted; FMU V field assessment team; discussion on forest inventory findings with communities

Through the planning process, LESTARI provided trainings to 480 FMU staff in topics such as Aceh government strategy for forest protection and management, duties and function of forest rangers, procedures and techniques for investigating illegal forestry cases, sustainable landscape approaches, basic principles for multiple use forest management, collaborative forest management (i.e., social forestry), national and local regulations on forest protection, strategy and techniques to engage community on forest protection, tenure conflict mitigation, human and wildlife conflict mitigation, basic GIS and mapping, and facilitation techniques for village planning. The training provided was still at a basic level so further strengthening is needed for certain technical themes in Year 4.

Improved management on the ground within FMU areas cannot be realized without collaborative forest management such as through the Pola Kerjasama that corresponds to Aceh’s status as a special autonomous region. LESTARI advocates for other forms of social forestry and has succeeded in breaking communication blockages between national and provincial governments, facilitating an important meeting between the Director General of Social Forestry and Environmental Partnerships from KLHK, and the Aceh Acting Governor. As a result, a decree formalizing a social forestry working group was signed by the Acting

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Governor of Aceh on September 20, 2018. The working group will lead social forestry implementation in the province and ensure greater amplification and long-term viability of social forestry initiatives in Aceh. LESTARI will continue to assist the working group in Year 4.

Figure 8. Policy dialogue on social forestry acceleration between the Acting Governor of Aceh and the DG of Social Forestry and Environmental Partnerships facilitated by LESTARI

Social forestry is not merely about redistributing forested land to communities. The secure, legal access to land will lead to communities becoming more productive, improved livelihood opportunities, and secured income leading to improvement of overall community welfare. For example, in villages in Gayo Lues, social forestry schemes have enabled partnership opportunities with the private sector to enhance coffee agroforestry.

Putting this principle into context, LESTARI now assists 8 social forestry schemes within FMU V and VI at various stages of completion, including 3 community forestry (HKm) in Aceh Selatan (1,183 ha), 3 village forests (HD) in Gayo Lues (2,944 ha), and 2 village forests (HD) in Aceh Barat Daya (8,884 ha). The HKm in Aceh Selatan acquired the social forestry permits under support from LESTARI grantee Orangutan Information Center (OIC). The HDs are in the process of passing technical verification.

As follow up after LESTARI-supported communities acquired the social forestry permits, LESTARI conducted a training workshop for 3 HKm groups in Aceh Selatan to develop capacity for utilizing permits to develop sustainable livelihoods while conserving forest areas. Community forest groups drafted forest management (RKU) and business plans for sustainable non-timber forest products. Community forest groups comprehend the importance of linking potential non-timber commodities in their forests with available market demand (e.g., dammar) that will gauge expectations. Follow-up will entail market surveys, finalizing RKUs, and detailed business plans with financial analyses. Through LESTARI assistance, the HKm groups received support (machinery and equipment) from the Social Forestry and Environmental Partnerships Office of KLHK (areca nut peeler - Lawe Cimanok Village, rice thresher - Koto Village and Lawe Melang Village) to enhance production and boost community income of the existing agroforestry products, while reducing forest encroachment.

In line with LESTARI’s assistance for Pola Kerjasama, LESTARI grantee Inprosula, supported 4 villages in Pantan Cuaca sub-district, Gayo Lues District to pursue partnership agreements between farmer cooperatives and FMU V for coffee agroforestry. During Year 3, a cooperative was established with approximately 600 coffee farmer members in Pantan Cuaca sub-district, and a legal permit was obtained from the Ministry of Cooperatives. Farmers in the cooperative have established a nursery covering with over 70,000 coffee and shade tree seedlings and expect to receive the partnership agreement in October 2018. The

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first phase of Pola Kerjasama will focus on approximately 1,112 hectares with potential expansion for the second phase for approximately 1,600 hectares. Most of the area is degraded land that is in critical need of rehabilitation.

One of the main challenges to run community-based forestry businesses is the lack of financial capital. A survey among key stakeholders was conducted to assess the feasibility of the business – the initial master plan needs an investment of approximately IDR 29,000,000,000 (~USD 2 million). LESTARI is working with PT PAS, a company that provides business development services and has successfully leveraged financial capital from BLU (Badan Layananan Umum) under KLHK. In Year 4, an MoU for the partnership will be finalized and signed by parties as part of the requirements to access BLU funding. The LESTARI team has also obtained verbal approval from the Director General of Watershed Management (BPDAS) from KLHK. The coffee agroforestry scheme is in line with BPDAS’ strategic land rehabilitation program for FMU V that covers 7,000 hectares of degraded area.

LESTARI recognizes that threats to forest areas do not only originate within the forest area itself, but more importantly come from outside the area (forest converted for agriculture). This underlies the selection of villages for LESTARI’s livelihood program, to reduce pressures to forest areas (FMU and TNGL) through intensified production instead of expansion into forest areas.

Figure 9. Locations of cacao-based livelihoods support in villages buffering TNGL

During Year 3, LESTARI continued to directly assist communities to develop and improve sustainable livelihood practices in Leuser Landscape through sustainable cacao commodity initiative in Gayo Lues and Aceh Tenggara Districts. Early this year, LESTARI observed changes in the cacao market where the demand shifted towards UTZ certification. Therefore, to provide more access to a higher value, sustainable market for the farmers,

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LESTARI has explored potential private sector partners that are willing to work together as collaborative partners with farmers and the local government to support improved value chains in the landscape. This could include providing secured access for cacao bean market, improved access for supplies (equipment/tools/fertilizer) and covering the costs of certification. Based on the discussion with various potential partners, TMCI/ECOM has stated their interest in the proposed collaboration. An initial joined survey has been conducted between LESTARI and TMCI/ECOM teams and followed up by developing an MoU draft between LESTARI and ECOM/TMCI. Currently, the draft is waiting for concurrence from USAID prior to signing and field implementation. It is important to note that UTZ certification strictly requires that farmers do not encroach on protected forest areas for farming activities.

The Year 3 progress for the cacao program is summarized below:

● A cooperative has been successfully established (legal status has been obtained from the Ministry of Cooperatives) and become operational among the cacao farmers in Aceh Tenggara. Currently the cooperative has approximately 47 members. Through this cooperative, the farmers have established cacao, durian, moringa and avocado nursery businesses in which they also have obtained certification for the seedlings from the Ministry of Agriculture. To date, over 50,000 seedlings have been sold with estimated value of IDR 500 million (~USD 35,000).

● Approximately 1,500 additional farmers have been receiving trainings from these farmers. To date, this initiative has reached out to over 2,000 farmers and their families. This number is still growing.

● The farmer groups have continued to sell fermented cacao beans to Kopbun with which they previously signed an MoU. Kopbun is a cooperative in Aceh province that is also supplier of Pipiltin, a sister company of Javara (an Indonesian artisanal food product retailer and existing LESTARI private sector partner). The price of fermented cacao beans is significantly higher (nearly triple) compared to unfermented beans. However, the demand for fermented cacao bean is limited and irregular compared to unfermented cacao beans. During this year only approximately 250 kg of fermented beans have been sold and over IDR 10,500,000 (~USD 735) worth of sale has been recorded.

● TMCI/ECOM have stated their interest and agreement to facilitate the UTZ certification for selected farmers in the region. They are aiming for 1,200 farmers for the first phase of the certification. TMCI/ECOM will finance the certification cost, provide technical trainings as well as serve as the off-taker of the products with a total investment of around IDR 33 billion (~USD 2.2 million). A draft MoU between LESTARI and TMCI/ECOM is under finalization.

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Figure 10. Clockwise from top left: grafted cacao trees; shade tree seedlings (durian); initial discussion between farmers, ECOM, and LESTARI; nursery of farmer cooperative in Aceh Tenggara; fermented cacao beans; pruning cacao trees as implementation of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP)

LESTARI continued its grants program in the Leuser Landscape in partnership with local organizations. As part of the LESTARI team, the focus of these organizations is to support communities to improve their sustainable livelihoods practices and engage in collaborative forest management. Details of Grantees progress over this year are provided in the table below. Note that while all Leuser Landscape grantee activities are summarized here for the sake of simplicity, the ones focusing on key species conservation (OIC for orangutan, VESSWIC for elephant) contribute to Leuser Landscape Initiative #3.

Grant Year 3 Activities and Results

G-002 OIC In early 2018, OIC completed their activities, focusing on the protection of orangutan habitat in the western bufferzone of TNGL. OIC facilitated the communities in obtaining HKm licenses for an area of 209 hectares to be managed by 100 members of HKm groups in Koto and Lawe Melang villages. The community was also trained on forest management, institutional management, seedling production and nutmeg grafting to support the implementation of HKm licenses. Around 25,000 seedlings were produced by the community as part of the training and were planted in the riparian areas around the protected forest area.

OIC also facilitated the establishment of a Human Wildlife Conflict Mitigations Task Force Group (HWCMTFG) at the district level and a Human Orangutan Conflict Response Unit (HOCRU). The HOCRU team continued their collaboration with authorities in orangutan monitoring, rescue and evacuation, and awareness raising for children. 17 orangutans were rescued during the project period, including 12 individuals that were isolated in plantations and five individuals confiscated by the authorities from illegal owners. They were released/relocated to protected forest areas.

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G-004 FORPALA continued to facilitate the community in two villages in Tapaktuan in FORPALA developing co-management with FMU VI, including socialization to the communities and completing reviews of RPJMDes. Delay was experienced due to prior conflict between the community in one of the villages and FMU VI due to encroachment case. FORPALA continued to assist the communities in 15 villages in developing nutmeg commodity through preparation for organic certification and building linkages with the private sector to explore opportunities for PPP agreement focusing on nutmeg development. In mid-2018, the community, supported by other stakeholders such as FMU VI and subdistrict governments, planted forest nutmeg in the village forest areas and riparian areas.

G-005 INPROSULA continued its facilitation for the communities in four villages in Pantan INPROSULA Cuaca, Gayo Lues, in developing co-management for 1,112.4 hectares of protected forest area within FMU V through Pola Kerjasama. 20 farmer groups and a farmers cooperative “Koperasi Pacu Prima Gayo” have been established. This initiative received broad stakeholder support that was reflected in an MOU signed in November 2017, including Gayo Lues District Government. Capacity building has been conducted around two newly established community nurseries and demonstration plots for coffee cultivation and processing. Initial meetings with several private companies have provided a PPP lead that will be followed up in Y4, and a purchase contract with a local coffee trader.

G-007 JAVLEC facilitated the communities in Agusen, Palok and Penggalangan Villages in JAVLEC Blangkejeren Subdistrict, Gayo Lues to submit three Hutan Desa applications to KLHK and in Sentang and Bustanussalam, one Forestry Partnership application in protected forest and restricted production forest for an area of 863.75 ha. Three village forest management groups and 1 forest farmer group were established and 473 members were trained on forest management, institutional management, business planning and development based on coffee and tourism. Four forest management plans were developed, as well as four business plans that will guide the established groups to run their forest-based business well.

G-008 AID Facilitated by AID, the community in Kayee Aceh and Alue Jeurejak Villages in Aceh Barat Daya completed applications for social forestry permits for an area of 8,884 hectares. The communities are currently waiting for technical verification by Pokja PPS, whose establishment was delayed due to the uncertain status of social forestry in Aceh. For the livelihood development to support the co-management, AID facilitated the establishment of semi-permanent greenhouses and initiated trainings in a farmer field school. Two multi-stakeholder agreements to protect water catchment areas were signed for Babahrot sub-watershed and Krueng Baru sub-watershed.

G-010 AGC AGC facilitated the communities of four villages in Pining, Gayo Lues to develop co- management with KPH III in Wih Pining watershed, and support the community in developing a sustainable livelihood through palm sugar. As of the end of Y3, AGC has established Forum DAS Aih Pining, a multi-stakeholder forum to sustainably maintain and protect Aih Pining watershed. AGC also completed Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) training and implementation to strengthen the review process of RPJMDes in the four villages. The RPJMDes now incorporates the co-management initiative and livelihoods development. Four community groups have been established and strengthened, including in basic GIS and cultivation of palm sugar and resin to support co-management.

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G-011 YELPED started grant implementation in February 2018 focusing on the protection YELPED of freshwater resources and developing a collaborative management agreement between the communities in 5 villages in Ketambe Subdistrict and KPH VI. After a series of socialization and multi-stakeholder consultations, an agreement to protect forest and water resources was signed in August 2018 between KPH VI, Head of BKPH Kutacane, Head of Ketambe Subdistrict and the communities. This agreement will be followed up with a co-management agreement between FMU VI and the communities to manage an area of protected forest and develop livelihoods based on NTFPs.

G-012 VESSWIC started grant implementation in April 2018, focusing on the sustainable VESSWIC management and protection of 39,197 hectares in southern Leuser ecosystem (Lembah Kluet – Trumon – Bengkung), management of the Trumon Corridor for conservation, patrol and monitoring, and elephant conflict mitigation through the strengthening of the Trumon Conservation Response Unit (CRU). A training for mahouts and patrol members on elephant population counting using the Dung Count Method was also completed prior to the initial patrol activity.

G-013 FKL FKL started project implementation in June 2018 focusing on facilitating the communities, including encroachers, in the buffer zone of TNGL to develop an agreement with BBTNGL to manage areas within TNGL that have been encroached upon. FKL have started preparatory activities such as socialization, establishment and strengthening of community groups, and co-management document preparation. A nursery has been established to support the restoration activities that will be part of the co-management agreement, as well as cutting down of oil palm trees that were illegally planted in the national park by the community.

Initiative 3: Protected Area conservation co-management in Leuser NP, Singkil WR, and Trumon Corridor

Mitigating Human-Wildlife Conflicts Human-wildlife conflict is a constant threat to the biodiversity in Leuser Landscape. When large wildlife species such Sumatran tiger, elephant, and orangutan wander into human- dominated areas, conflict incidents often ensue. The most important strategy to mitigate this conflict is to improve the health of the ecosystem health and the carrying capacity of the habitat.

During Year 3, a LESTARI-supported Wildlife Response Unit (WRU), established and implemented by WCS, conducted routine patrols and delivered trainings for communities with the purpose of minimizing incidents and impacts of human-wildlife conflict. Village patrols were carried out in 294 villages in the 6 districts of Tenggara, Gayo Lues, Aceh Singkil, Subulussalam, Aceh Selatan, and Naganraya. This monitoring of early signs of conflict was prioritized in villages that are directly adjacent to conservation areas and other forest areas which are the habitat of key species. The activity was accompanied by knowledge-sharing with the community on techniques to safely respond to early stages of human-wildlife conflict – enabling them to do so independently in the future. During the period October 2017 – July 2018, the WRU conducted 32 socialization activities with 933 participants from communities, FMU VI, staff of the BKSDA Aceh, and TNGL.

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Figure 11. WRU assisted communities in conflict-prone areas to build Tiger-Proof-Enclosure (TPE) to protect livestock. 12 TPEs were built in 7 villages across 4 districts

Key Species’ Habitat Protection LESTARI supported improved management and mitigation of threats in Gunung Leuser National Park (TNGL), Singkil Wildlife Reserve (RSWR) and FMU VI area through routine SMART patrols. SMART patrols are a set of modern patrolling techniques that utilize GPS devices and a software system that records and analyzes data and directs patrol routes towards the most strategic, threatened areas. 4 teams were operational in TNGL, 3 in RSWR, and 1 in the FMU VI region. The teams are joint teams, consisting of both LESTARI and CA/FMU staff, with a focus on capacity building for the CA/FMU staff so that they are ultimately able to carry out these patrols independently.

In RSWR, most of the area is swamp and thus boat-based patrols are the most strategic option. The 3 patrol teams conducted 44 trips over 303 patrol-days, reaching 444 km by foot, 47 km by car, 481 km by motorbike, and 2,306 km by boat. Patrols found 134 perpetrators inside and outside the region – 96 people received verbal warnings to stop their activities inside the area, 3 people received written warnings, and 35 people were not successfully prosecuted. The high number of illegal logging activities (126 cases within this reporting period) has been followed up by formally reporting cases to law enforcement agencies as well as KLHK’s law enforcement division. Some of these cases are currently in the process of investigation.

Also in RSWR, KLHK endorsed the participatory zonation plan facilitated by LESTARI for the reserve, covering a peatland area of 81,802 ha. This zonation aims to reduce persistent conflict with adjacent village communities from illegal logging, palm oil expansion, and road development. Special zones (zona pemanfaatan) are now accessible for communities for sustainable utilization through NTFP development around the wildlife reserve.

TNGL and FMU VI constitute a continuous forest block. 63 patrol trips were carried out over 705 patrol-days, reaching 1,847 km by foot, 65 km by motorcycle, 391 km by car, and 165 km by boat. The patrols managed to destroy 46 snares including 36 units of nylon meshes and 10 units of small sling meshes. In several instances, the patrol team was able to act directly to confiscate chainsaws and destroy processed wood from illegal logging. The patrol team also erected information boards on the boundaries between the community's cultivated land and the national park in the Southeast Aceh Regency and Gayo Lues Regency. The patrol found 130 perpetrators inside and outside the area. 52 people were examined at the location, 61 people received verbal warnings, and 10 people received written warnings.

Furthermore, the LESTARI team attended a coordination meeting between Leuser National Park Authority (TNGL) and its partners to discuss progress of the partnership program. During the meeting, TNGL conveyed their deep appreciation to LESTARI for the successful

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implementation of SMART patrols, particularly in sections I and II. TNGL staff emphasized that SMART patrols have contributed to securing forest area from threats and have been recognized as the best example of the partnership program. The success of SMART patrols, therefore, has triggered two FMUs in North Sumatra to send a request for SMART training to TNGL. To respond to this request, two SMART trainings adopting the LESTARI model were conducted by TNGL for FMU XVI Sidikalang and FMU II Pematang Siantar (both in North Sumatra), which involved 45 FMU staff. This demonstrates the amplification of this key LESTARI model.

Combating Wildlife Crime Extraordinary threats to conservation areas also come from trade in wildlife and illegal logging activities. The LESTARI team has developed a strategy to combat wildlife trafficking through the Wildlife Crime Unit (WCU), established and implemented by WCS, which collaborates to enforce legal action against perpetrators of illegal activities. This strategy was developed by LESTARI team member WCS by building a network of informants and continuing to fight the wildlife trade network.

Based on WCU findings, illegal hunting and wildlife trade is still found in 17 districts/cities in the Leuser and Singkil regions: Aceh Besar, Biruen, Lhokseumawe, North Aceh, Pidie, East Aceh, Langsa, Aceh Tamiang, Gayo Lues, Aceh Tengah, Aceh Southwest, South Aceh (Aceh Province); Medan, Langkat, Deli Serang, Labuhan Batu Selatan (North Sumatra Province); and Bukittinggi (West Sumatra Province). The actors involved included at least 67 people: 51 people in Aceh, 14 people in North Sumatra, and 2 people in West Sumatra.

Figure 12. Map of illegal wildlife trade and black markets in Leuser and Singkil regions

During this year, local police and law enforcement carried out 12 operations based on investigation and data obtained in the field including SMART patrols conducted by the LESTARI team. Law enforcement operations were carried out in Aceh and North Sumatra, which consisted of: 7 cases related to wildlife trafficking and 5 cases of illegal logging. Of these cases, 7 further legal proceedings were carried out against the perpetrators. In the case of illegal logging in Tangan Tangan Resort in TNGL, authorities did not pursue the matter out of consideration that the timber was taken to build people’s houses, not for commercial purposes. Overall, this work on combating wildlife crime received significant coverage in the local media. Please see the Communications section for details.

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Conservation Partnership Conservation areas certainly have a close relationship with people who live around the area, as some communities have been living there even before it was designated as a conservation area. In terms of community engagement, LESTARI in collaboration with TNGL developed a ‘role model’ for resolving the encroachment through conservation partnerships (Kemitraan Konservasi) that were carried out closely with the Gayo Lues and Aceh Tenggara District Governments. In August 2018, LESTARI conducted socialization and built commitments with 13 villages in Putri Betung Sub-district and 4 villages in Babul Rahmah Sub-district in safeguarding the conservation area. In exchange, communities are permitted to conduct limited livelihood activities in the area such as ecotourism or NTFP development. LESTARI, in coordination with the local district government and TNGL, has also begun a conservation partnership process that will cover 4 villages (Alur Baning, Lawe Malum, Alur Bakhu, and Paguhapen) as pilots in Babul Rahmah Sub-district and Gumpang Lempuh Village in Putri Betung Sub-district.

Figure 13. Joint field survey as part of the Conservation Partnership facilitated by LESTARI between community in Gumpang Lempuh Village and TNGL

Drivers of the Deforestation in Singkil Joint SMART patrols conducted by LESTARI and BKSDA Aceh in the RSWR region revealed continuing evidence of deforestation and illegal logging, with the logged area then being converted to illegal small-scale palm oil plantations. Although these patrols have contributed to the prosecution of several perpetrators in courts, it is important to note that this is only a response to the symptoms, as the underlying drivers that lead communities to open the forest illegally continue to persist.

There are more complex circumstances that cause local communities to continue to cut trees and make palm oil plantations. A study conducted by the LESTARI team during this year found that the supply chain of palm oil shows a link between the small-scale illegal plantations and larger companies. To meet production needs, these large companies often supplement their supply by buying palm oil from illegal smallholders. Several discussions with the companies have been conducted to build their commitment to stop these buying practices. Although much follow up is needed, this study is an important step towards placing greater pressure on these companies in order to combat the spread of illegal palm oil and its effects on deforestation and biodiversity loss.

Financing for Conservation In Year 3, LESTARI conducted an assessment of government budgeting for TNGL and RSWR, estimated the financing gaps, and briefly identified potential sustainable financing options. The financing gap was calculated based on the minimum management activities required compared with current budget allocation. Potential sustainable financing options include Payment for Environmental Services schemes, a trust fund, CSR fund, biodiversity

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offsets, public-private partnerships, ecological fiscal transfers, and use of the village fund to support management in bufferzone areas. LESTARI will coordinate with BIJAK to communicate these findings to KLHK. Challenges and Opportunities ● There are 2 important factors that hindered the achievement of the hectares target in this landscape. First, based on the threats and the size of the FMU area included within Leuser Landscape, LESTARI shifted its priority from working in FMU III to FMU V and VI with a total area of 614,216 hectares, divided into FMU V covering an area of 289,956 hectares and FMU VI covering 324,260 hectares. Especially for FMU V, changes are also based on the selection of this area as a pilot to implement the KLHK multiple use forest management toolkit assisted by USFS. However, LESTARI's work in both FMUs cannot yet be calculated as an indicator achievement given that there are 5 milestones that must be met. During Year 3, 3 of the 5 milestones were completed – the development of long-term forest management plan (RPHJP), annual short-term forest management plan (RPHJPd), and enhancing the basic capacity of FMU staff. Meanwhile, for the remaining milestones of co-management (in the form of social forestry) and collaborative forest patrol have only been implemented in FMU VI.

● Second, the former leadership of Aceh’s Provincial Forestry Agency (DLHK) refused to run the social forestry scheme in Aceh and chose to pursue Pola Kerjasama (Partnership Scheme) whose permits can be issued by the provincial government and do not need permission from the national government. The narrative in initiative #2 above explains how LESTARI overcame this challenge and facilitated dialogue between the two government levels (provincial and national). It is worth mentioning that given the lack of clarity for rules, standards, procedures and criteria (Norma, Standar, Prosedur dan Kriteria/NSPK) of Pola Kerjasama, LESTARI then chose to assist the DLHK in formulating technical guidelines for Pola Kerjasama detailing the NSPK. The process is still ongoing and will continue in Year 4. The technical guideline is being prepared as a Governor’s Regulation and will serve as a reference for all 7 FMUs in Aceh Province, with the potential impact on improving management for 1.5 million hectares of FMU area.

● The SEA for Aceh Province (RPJMA) has yet to be legalized under Local Regulation (Perda), constraining budget allocation planning. Nonetheless, the SEA can be used to justify forest management in the formulation of the DLHK Renstra as well as to strengthen DLHK’s arguments for the allocation of sufficient budgets when competing with other service agencies for the attention of fiscal decision-makers. Advocacy work must continue in order to safeguards increased allocations in the 2019 budget and to ensure they are continued in 2020-2022.

● National level governance reform on spatial planning and land use permits involves new systems such as One Stop Shop (OSS), OneMap, and the Sicantik system. These systems may in the medium term improve spatial planning and permit monitoring and accountability, but in the short term the transition to these new systems will face technical difficulties and bureaucratic confusion. LESTARI will be proactive in adapting plans as needed, utilizing opportunities to assist but also considering the wisdom of scaling back support if the unclear environment would mean that impact is unlikely. Instead, more emphasis could be placed on stakeholder engagement for improved public participation in permit monitoring, than on development of technical tools.

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Priorities for Year 4 ● Strengthen FMU and social forestry implementation through policy and budget advocacy. Support an increased budget allocation via DLHK’s Renstra and facilitate a multi-stakeholder coalition with capacity to advocate for forestry budgets into the future, in order for the allocations to continue and increase in subsequent years.

● Continue to provide technical assistance to FMUs V and VI to develop or revise their long-term forest management plans (RPHJP) and annual forest management plans (RPHJPd), and subsequently assist them to obtain KLHK endorsement of these plans.

● Facilitate a series of trainings to improve the knowledge and skills of FMUs, local government facilitators, and NGOs in assisting forest communities to pursue and utilize social forestry/forest partnership permits.

● Implement the coffee agroforestry initiative in Gayo Lues District and facilitate UTZ certification for cacao farmers in Gayo Lues and Aceh Tenggara Districts. Facilitate and support implementation of new PPPs with a focus on amplification and sustainability.

● Formulate joint annual work plans with CAs. A priority item will be technical assistance for TNGL to refine its long-term management plan (2019-2029).

● Continue to collaborate with TNGL, district governments, and communities in Putri Betung and Alur Baning Sub-districts in carrying out the conservation partnership scheme.

● Finalize and implement PPP agreement for coffee agroforestry with PT. PAS in Gayo Lues, which includes KLHK funding via BLU mechanism

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Pak Zainnudin and Sustainable Cacao: A Success Story from Aceh Tenggara

Pak Zainudi is a 60-year-old farmer and a member of the Tani Seruan Mude farmer group in Kuning II Village, Bambel District, Aceh Tenggara. He was one of 50 farmers that received training from LESTARI in organic cacao cultivation practices, certification requirements, good internal management, and post-harvesting techniques. As a result of his participation in this training, he now has a demo plot of a grafted cacao plant with a first year harvest that reached 2 tons/hectares. He also has a cacao nursery with a capacity of 6,000 stems. Within 2.5 years he has successfully produced 30,000 seeds and generated an income of IDR 300,000,000 (~USD 20,000).

Pak Zainnudin is proud of these accomplishments and grateful to have acquired knowledge and skills to improve his livelihood. When other villagers visit his farm, he is happy to educate them about the benefit of using cacao grafting and organic cultivation techniques. He emphasizes the importance of preserving the surrounding forest ecosystem for maintaining the freshwater resources and fertile soil needed for growing crops sustainably. He encourages farmers to focus on improving practices on their existing plantations instead of seeking to expand their plantations by encroaching on forest areas. Additionally, he intercrops his cacao with spices such as cardamom, cayenne pepper, lemongrass, pepper and perennial plants such as bitter bean or robusta coffee. He shares with others that the presence of intercropping plants can reduce the dependence on chemical herbicides and insecticides and maintain soil quality.

Figure 14. Pak Zainnudin and his cacao nursery in Kuning II Village, Aceh Tenggara District

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Katingan-Kahayan Landscape

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Landscape Profile The Katingan-Kahayan Landscape in Central Kalimantan covers more than 4 million hectares in Katingan, Pulang Pisau, Gunung Mas Districts; a small part of Kotawaringin Timur; and Palangkaraya municipality. It includes both deep peatland of the ex-mega rice project and Sebangau National Park as well as mineral soils including Bukit Baka Bukit Raya (BBBR) National Park. The region’s economy depends on forestry, agriculture, commodities, trade, services, and mining sectors. Much of the landscape is vulnerable to forest and peatland fires, illegal logging, forest degradation, conversion for oil palm plantations, habitat destruction, and biodiversity loss. Unsustainable land use management continues to release large emissions while also negatively impacting the health and livelihoods of local communities.

The landscape is home to a range of endemic and endangered key species. Of particular importance is the critically endangered and globally-valued Bornean Orangutan which faces threats from both habitat destruction and poaching. The Central Bornean Orangutan is the most numerous sub-species with approximately 35,000 individuals spread out over West and Central Kalimantan.

For the peat sub-landscape, LESTARI’s overall vision is to reduce GHG emissions from peat degradation, deforestation, and fire through improved peatland management for sustainable livelihoods and conservation, and/or improved CA management. For the mineral soil sub- landscape, LESTARI’s overall vision is to reduce deforestation and improve biodiversity conservation through sustainable co-management, forest management, or CA management. Year 3 Progress The key Year 3 achievement in this landscape was 302,508 hectares of forest and/or natural resources under improved management. This was achieved via canal blocking in peatland areas through FPIC with local communities in Pulang Pisau District (55,000 ha), management capacity improved in FMU XVI area (108,199 ha), demonstrated METT score increase in Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park (128,858 ha), and 6 co-management agreements secured through social forestry (10,451 ha). In other areas, field work continued and the hectares are expected to be able to be counted as improved in Years 4 or 5 (particularly for RIL-C training and adoption by timber concession partners). Progress under each initiative is summarized below.

Initiative 1: Provincial and district LESTARI integration and scaling through engagement in annual budgeting LESTARI’s involvement in Central Kalimantan’s Social Forestry Working Group has helped it to get off the ground, and develop a work plan. The Working Group aims to coordinate provincial agencies for faster and more effective social forestry initiatives, and to work with villages directly as they apply for social forestry permits and then attempt to build successful forestry enterprises. LESTARI has also facilitated the involvement of the Working Group in several workshops and training events involving village communities. LESTARI has already helped the working group to secure nearly IDR 1.9 billion (USD 132,000) in budget allocation from the national government. LESTARI assistance to this working group has catalyzed an additional 24 social forestry proposals in Pulang Pisau District, which will be funded through Pokja PPS budget – with a total proposed area of 112,154 hectares. The Working Group consists of provincial-level government, national government (BKSDA, BPDAS, BPHP), universities, NGO representatives, private sector, LESTARI, and other donors such as GGGI

It is important to note that social forestry schemes in Central Kalimantan are used as a tool for community-based advocacy. Threats are high in the forest area proposed for social forestry. These include illegal mining, palm oil expansion, and illegal logging often backed up

USAID LESTARI Annual Report Year 3, October 2017 – September 2018 Page | 55

by elites. When the community receives the permits, they are empowered to protect their forests against these actors.

In order to raise public awareness and key stakeholder engagement on issues of social forestry, FMU operationalization, and fire prevention, LESTARI held an advocacy event in July 2018 entitled “Opportunities and Challenges for FMUs in Central Kalimantan”. The provincial government of Central Kalimantan, through the Governor Decree No. 10 of 2017, is trying to ensure that FMUs operate as a site-level institutions to implement sustainable forest management. However, the challenges to FMU operation are enormous, in terms of budget availability, skilled human resources, and authority. The event was attended by 121 people from FMU leaders, central government, NGOs, universities and forest village communities. Several issues raised during the event will be brought up to the FMU National Coordination Meeting which will be held by KLHK. The event itself received extensive coverage from local and national media. A day after the workshop, the Head of the Provincial Forestry Office signed a decree on the establishment of an FMU Center as a medium to accommodate collaborative efforts in accelerating the operationalization and development of FMU.

At the provincial level, LESTARI was able to advocate budget of IDR 150 million (USD 10,400) from the Central Kalimantan Provincial Forestry Office to enhance the rubber cultivation practices in Sebangau Mulya Village – a LESTARI-assisted village in Pulang Pisau District. This support will help the community to manage the 5,000 ha area under a social forestry scheme (Hutan Desa), which is currently being proposed by the village to the Ministry of Environment and Forestry. The assistance from the province will support the livelihood development of 300 people managing the village forest.

Initiative 2: Landscape restoration with FPIC and sustainable livelihoods Following up on earlier LESTARI work on village level planning for peatland hydrology management in Pulang Pisau, LESTARI supported the district government of Katingan to formulate an action plan to mitigate fire through the construction of canal blocking using FPIC as an essential part of best practices. LESTARI facilitated government and other stakeholders in 4 sub-districts to decide priority locations for approximately 45 dams, include the FPIC process, and then allocate IDR 1.6 billion (USD 110,000) of funds for this approach to peatland restoration.

This activity applied learning from the FPIC approach in Pulang Pisau, which had a significant impact in reducing forest and land fires in KHG 14 block C 2. Based on the hotspot map from September 2018, there was only 1 fire hotspot in block C 2, which was located in a village where FPIC was not conducted.

In conjunction with the peatland restoration initiative, LESTARI supports rubber-based sustainable livelihoods in this landscape as a key low emissions development strategy. A PPP with rubber farmer groups, processors, financers, and buyers provides the needed technical training, improved production, and market access. During this year, LESTARI team continued to focus on the scaling up activities and embedding it within government programs to ensure impact and sustainability. The main focus was on supporting the formal establishment of rubber processing centers (UPPB) from the rubber farmer groups (KUBK) that had been previously facilitated by LESTARI. UPPB can be registered at the Plantation Agency and therefore be acknowledged and supported by the government.

UPPB require a minimum area of 100 hectares and a minimum latex production of 800 kg every three days. Based on this regulation, LESTARI grouped some of the active KUBKs into one UPPB. In collaboration with the rubber business group association (Gapkindo) and the Plantation Agency, LESTARI provided capacity building for UPPB administrators and assisted them in producing business plans. The LESTARI team has thus far facilitated the

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establishment of three UPPBs while a fourth is still in the process of gathering farmer data. Based on the latest data, approximately 700 active farmers with a total area of over 1,000 hectares of rubber plantation have been officially registered as UPPB members.

In parallel with the UPPB establishment process, LESTARI team also sought collaboration opportunities to scale up the rubber initiative. Various discussions with potential private sector partners (Gapkindo members and tire companies), FMU, and the Forestry Agency have been conducted to develop a collaborative partnership model that supports expansion of sustainable rubber plantations while restoring degraded peatland areas. Furthermore, the LESTARI team explored potential funding from various sources that could be used as investment to support scaling up the initiative. Based on a series of meetings with Gapkindo, UPPB and FMU XXXI, an integrated replanting program will be piloted within the area of FMU XXXI that is a village forest ( 5,285 hectares) in Pulang Pisau district. This area is severely degraded due to the 2015 forest and land fires. PT. Karya Sejati, a crumb rubber factory (also member of Gapkindo) in Central Kalimantan has agreed to join the partnership as the private sector partner. Currently, their technical staff, together with LESTARI and FMU team, are conducting an initial survey for land suitability. The result will be used to develop a master plan as part of the proposal for funding from KLHK under BLU (Badan Layanan Umum).

Figure 15. Discussion between Gapkindo and FMU XXI; Agreement between Gapkindo and FMU XXXI on a collaboration model for sustainable rubber; Joint field survey with PT Karya Sejati, FMU XXXI, LPHD, and LESTARI for potential rubber sites

Initiative 3: FMU provincial-level policy support and social forestry co-management FMUs in Central Kalimantan consist of 18 units (33 FMUs) which manage 8.5 million hectares of forest. Through discussion and coordination with the Provincial Forestry Office, it was decided that LESTARI will support the institutional strengthening of 11 FMUs ( III, IV, XIII, XV, XVI, XVII, XVIII, XXIX, XXX, XXXI, XXXII ) that together are responsible for managing more than 2 million hectares. In Year 3, LESTARI supported FMUs IV, XXXII, III, XIII, XVIII, XV, XXX, and XXXI in developing their long-term forest management plans (RPHJP). In order to accelerate the preparation of RPHJP, LESTARI partnered with the Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI) to conduct a Coaching Clinic for FMUs in Central Kalimantan and assist them to develop and/or refine their RPHJP documents. As a result, FMU – XVII – completed their RPHJP and obtained approval from KLHK while two FMUs both XXX and XXXI is still awaiting approval. Next, LESTARI will support the preparation of a Short Term Forest Management Plan (RPHJPd) for these FMUs based on the principles of multiple-use forestry as outlined in the USFS/FOERDIA toolkit.

LESTARI also facilitated FMU XVI to strengthen forest monitoring. This FMU already has a RPHJP, so the assistance was focused in other aspects beyond planning. An integrated SOP has been developed for FMU XVI, and the document was introduced to the Forestry Agency at the provincial level where they agreed to use the SOP as forest monitoring

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guidance for other FMUs in Central Kalimantan. The SOP details the mechanism of joint patrols implemented by community and FMU, as well as the protocol for reporting and handling the findings. The SOP for forest monitoring is the fifth milestone under the LESTARI indicator for FMU strengthening. FMU XVI has completed all required milestones to be considered as strengthened.

The insufficient capacity of staff is one of the main challenges facing FMUs in Central Kalimantan. In Year 3, LESTARI provided a series of trainings related on basic forest management, mapping/zoning techniques, conflict management, social forestry, and mainstreaming the principles of collaborative forest management in FMUs areas. The trainings were attended by a total of 36 FMU staff.

LESTARI continued to provide technical assistance for strengthening the social forestry program in Central Kalimantan in close collaboration with 11 FMUs. LESTARI is directly assisting 34 social forestry groups for not only obtaining the permits, but also for forestry business development after permits are secured. In order to complete the social forestry permit applications, LESTARI assisted communities in mapping, forest management group establishment, social economic assessment. During Year 3, 5 community groups in Gunung Mas and Katingan Districts were able to obtain community forestry permits covering an area of 10,451 hectares.

These new permits are in addition to the 10 social forestry permits previously issued under LESTARI assistance. In total there are more than 27,000 ha of forest under social forestry schemes assisted by LESTARI, which are located within FMU, National Park (through conservation partnership) and others (HPK) areas. An additional 6 social forestry proposals from Gunung Mas have been submitted to KLHK and are under review by the legal section of the directorate general for social forestry and environmental partnerships (PSKL). After the community obtains a social forestry permit, they are required to develop a management plan. LESTARI provided this assistance in the form of forest management training, surveying forest potential, preparing forest management plans based on conservation and sustainable utilization. The other 13 proposals are in the process of preparation. 3 were postponed temporarily due to being in a peatland area. This will be followed up after the issuance of Ministerial Regulation concerning social forestry in peatland areas.

Figure 16. Forest survey by Community Forestry Group in Tumbang Miwan Village, Gunung Mas District

Work under this initiative is conducted through a combination of direct implementation by the LESTARI team and Grantee mechanisms. A summary of the Year 3 contributions of the two Grantees (YTS and KARSA) is summarized in the table below.

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Grant Y3 Activities and Results Yayasan Tambuhak Sinta (YTS) focused on improved management of forests through social forestry in Damang Batu Sub-district, Gunung Mas Regency along the upper stream of Kahayan River. YTS facilitated the preparation and submission of 8 social forestry proposals – 5 Hutan Desa (HD) and 3 Hutan Kemasyarakatan (HKm). At the end of March 2018, 2 community groups from Tumbang Marikoi and Tumbang Posu Villages were granted HKm licenses. Tumbang Marikoi community group will manage ±751.28 ha and Tumbang Posu community group will manage ±472,2 ha of Production Forest. YTS will facilitate G-006 YTS the two villages to identify the potential commodities and environment services through inventory survey of potential commodities and services.

5 other proposals have successfully been verified and are now waiting to be issued, while 1 proposal is still waiting for technical verification. YTS facilitated participatory mapping activities and inter-village meetings to resolve boundary issues between 8 villages, which have been confirmed in a written agreement signed by all Heads of Villages, Head of Damang Batu Sub-district, and representatives from Public Works and Spatial Agency of Gunung Mas District.

KARSA continued facilitation for the submission of a HD application for Tampelas Village, which is now under revision for an area of 8,404 hectares. Facilitation for HD application in Galinggang Village also continued. Moreover, Hutan Desa is now incorporated in village development planning in both villages, as well as fire management in Tampelas Village. KARSA also conducted community training on G-009 KARSA participatory mapping, community-based forest patrol and HD business management through BUMDes. Inter-village meetings to discuss boundary conflict between Tampelas and Galinggang were facilitated in close coordination with Kamipang Sub-district and Katingan Regency Government, but the boundary issue still requires further revision to find a resolution.

Initiative 4: Conservation co-management and orangutan conservation in Sebangau and BBBR Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park is currently facing serious threats from illegal gold mining activities. The existence of individuals in the area that conducting illegal activities such illegal gold mining is certainly having a negative impact on biodiversity. These miners hunt for food while living in the forest, while their mining activities reduce water quality as a result of sedimentation and contamination of mercury waste. Combating the incidence of illegal mining will simultaneously reduce the pressure on biodiversity.

Efforts to stop illegal mining activities were carried out in the past by the national park through intensive patrols. The strategy was quite successful, but the problem has reemerged because the preventive patrols have not been conducted routinely and continuously. Starting in 2017, LESTARI has been supporting routine SMART patrol activities with the aim of increasing the intensity and coverage area, strengthening the ability of officers to secure the area, and reducing the level of threats to this protected area.

In 2017, patrols were conducted for a total distance of 303.9 km, with 51 cases of illegal gold mining discovered. 88.8% of these were categorized as active mines. In 2018, patrols were conducted in the same area but with greater intensity, covering 630.17 km and with 64 cases identified. Only 29.1% of them were categorized as active.

Patrols have proved to be an effective tool to secure the national park from illegal mining threats, a major contributor to deforestation, biodiversity loss, and water and soil contamination. However, efforts must be persistent and sustained in order to produce long impact. In Year 4, LESTARI will focus on a SMART patrol sustainability strategy centered

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around engaging with national park management and KLHK in Jakarta to advocate for greater budget and human resource allocation for adopting SMART patrols.

Figure 17. Disposal of illegal mining equipment discovered during patrols in Bukit Baka Bukit Raya NP

Through Grantee Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation (BOSF), LESTARI continued to support orangutan conservation efforts in the Katingan-Kahayan Landscape. BOSF continued their main focus of orangutan rehabilitation, release, and post-release monitoring in Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park. In Year 3, 47 additional orangutans were released for a total of 106 released in TN BBBR through LESTARI support beginning in 2016. This activity was supported by capacity building for TN BBBR staff and conservation awareness- raising for the community in 6 villages in Katingan Hulu and Marikit Sub districts.

To publicize the ‘one-hundredth release’ as an important milestone for Bornean orangutan conservation, LESTARI invited local and national journalists, including CNN/Indonesia, to cover the event in Palangkaraya. This resulted in several articles being written in news outlets including Antara Kalteng, Tribunnews, Merdeka, and CNN/Indonesia. In addition, a CNN/Indonesia special report was aired on August 21, 2018 on the threats facing orangutan conservation in Kalimantan and USAID efforts to support this important cause.

Figure 18. CNN/Indonesia coverage of the ‘100th orangutan release’ through partnership between BOSF and LESTARI

The LESTARI team completed a plan for the Sebangau Restoration Fund. A presentation was given to KLHK (Directorate General KSDAE) that detailed the restoration activities, costs, and potential funding options from national and international donors to sustain the long-term management of Sebangau National Park. KLHK responded positively and welcomed collaboration for the next steps in exploring the appropriate governance structure for the initiative. Moreover, the LESTARI team had an initial discussion with the Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI), which has expressed interest in a pilot location for a peatland restoration program in Sebangau National Park as well as to be involved in exploring potential financing sources for the restoration fund. The LESTARI team will follow up with a more detailed discussion with GGGI on possible collaboration mechanisms.

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Initiative 5: Private sector BMP and ecotourism LESTARI continued to provide technical training for 7 partner natural forest timber concessions (HPHs) in the Katingan-Kahayan Landscape in Reduced Impacting Logging (RIL-C). RIL-C is a set of logging techniques that minimize waste and damage to the surrounding environment, enable faster regeneration, and reduce carbon emissions. Trainings are delivered by LESTARI subcontractor partners Lembaga Wali Amanat (LWA) and Tropical Forest Foundation (TFF).

These trainings were originally scheduled to be completed within Year 3, but had to be postponed due to various operational issues (e.g., equipment damage, unfavorable weather conditions). They are now expected to be finalized by October 2018. Thereafter, LESTARI will conduct routine monitoring in collaboration with the HPHs to ensure that the RIL-C practice is being implemented throughout the concessions. Until now, LESTARI has conducted routine internal monitoring to ensure that the trainings delivered by the subcontractors adhere to the agreement and are tailored to the needs of each HPH.

In addition, the RIL-C trainers provided technical assistance for the HPH management to develop their 2019 Annual Work Plans to incorporate budgeting and staffing requirements for RIL-C and an SOP document that formally adopts RIL-C as standard protocol. Based on the official statement letter from the HPHs, over IDR 4,000,000,000 (~USD 290,000) of additional investment has been allocated for RIL-C implementation. In three HPHs, after RIL- C adoption, there has been an increase in productivity of 54-89%.

Private Sectors Area No Progress (HPH) (ha)

1 PT. Hutan Mulia 51,100 ● Received RIL-C training for Modules 1-10 from LWA ● Under discussion with LESTARI for CMMP operationalization / HCV monitoring. Estimated to start in Year 4, Q2-3 ● The training was postponed due to technical and operational issues. Training was resumed in August 2018 and expected to be completed in December 2018 ● Have finalized RKT 2019 including commitment of additional budget of IDR 2,000,000,000 (~USD 140,000) for RIL-C

2 PT. Hutan 99,870 ● Received RIL-C training for Modules 1-3 from TFF. Domas Raya Currently under finalization the final module ● The training was postponed due to technical and operational issues. Training was resumed in August 2018 and expected to be completed in December 2018

3 PT. Graha 44,970 ● Received RIL-C training for Modules 1-10 from LWA. Sentosa Permai Currently finalizing the revision of the SOP document ● The training was postponed due to technical and operational issues. Training was resumed in August 2018 and expected to be completed in December 2018 ● Have finalized RKT 2019 including commitment of additional budget of IDR 1,040,000,000 (~USD 74,000) for RIL-C

4 PT Sarana 49,400 ● Received RIL-C training for Modules 1-2 from TFF Piranti Utama ● The training was postponed due to technical and operational issues. Training was resumed in August 2018 and expected to be completed in December 2018

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5 PT Fitamaya 43,880 ● Received RIL-C training for Modules 1-2 from TFF Asmapara ● The training was postponed due to technical and operational issues. Training was resumed in August 2018 and expected to be completed in December 2018

6 PT Sikatan 49,400 ● Received RIL-C training for Modules 1-2 from TFF Wana Raya ● The training was postponed due to technical and operational issues. Training was resumed in August 2018 and expected to be completed in December 2018

7 PT Kayu Waja 38,450 ● Received RIL-C training for Modules 1-10 from LWA ● The training was postponed due to technical and operational issues. Training was resumed in August 2018 and expected to be completed in December 2018

At the policy level, LESTARI continued to advocate for the issuance of the ministerial decree on RIL-C, which is expected to make RIL-C mandatory for all HPHs operating within Indonesia. The draft has been submitted to the legal bureau of the Ministry of Environment and Forestry. However, there is still no indication of an issue date. LESTARI would continue to monitor the progress with the Directorate General of Production Forest Management.

For sustainable tourism, the LESTARI team continued to provide assistance to develop and promote ecotourism with Sebangau National Park management and villages located in the buffer zone of the park. This is part of the conservation partnership (kemitraan konservasi) initiative that has been promoted by KLHK. LESTARI initiated the work with facilitation of an MoU between Sebangau National Park and the community in Punggualas area in 2017. This was followed by providing direct input to the ecotourism team of Sebangau National Park in developing a Detailed Engineering Design (DED) document. An initial joint survey between LESTARI and Sebangau National Park team was subsequently conducted, and as of the end of Year 3, the LESTARI team is finalizing the findings of the survey to further inform the DED team.

Challenges and Opportunities ● Unclear political will of the provincial government regarding improvements to land use governance remains the largest challenge. For this reason, LESTARI has engaged less on spatial planning and permit monitoring, and more on operationalizing Forest Management Units and social forestry initiatives, and will continue to focus on the issue of land fires. The passing of Inpres 8/2018 on Delaying and Evaluating Oil Palm Permits and Increasing Productivity of Oil Palm Plantations could represent an opportunity for LESTARI to support government systems for land use permits, and the process of evaluating permits. However, the potential is as yet unclear, and in Central Kalimantan this would likely be highly politicized and therefore unwise to engage on.

● LESTARI's active involvement in the social forestry working group should accelerate social forestry in the area of FMUs. LESTARI facilitation is still needed in developing coordination and collaboration between FMU management and the provincial social forestry working group.

● The establishment of the FMU Center as a forum for learning and knowledge management between FMUs as well as with partners (LESTARI, other donors, Provincial Forestry Office, KLHK) can lead to improved collaboration

● The LESTARI team is continuing to push for private sector partnerships in the rubber sector since they can provide impact for improved livelihoods and land use management on degraded peatland areas. To better enable this, however, a

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provincial policy is needed that provides technical guidance for stakeholders on issues such as profit sharing. LESTARI is working with the local government and other key stakeholders to address this issue.

● The ministerial regulation mandating RIL-C implementation for all HPHs in Indonesia has still not been issued. LESTARI will continue to advocate through all available channels.

● METT and SMART continue to serve as important tools to help achieve LESTARI goals for hectares under improved management and reduction in illegal logging and forest encroachment threats in protected areas. It is important to ensure strong ownership from CA management authorities as well as local and national budget support so that this impact is sustainable. Priorities for Year 4 ● Further strengthen FMUs and their social forestry work with a focus on advocating for larger budget allocations from the provincial government. To achieve this, LESTARI will provide technical assistance to the Forestry Office, FMU Center, and social forestry working group, and facilitate a multi-stakeholder coalition including CSOs to be able to better advocate for budgets for programs related to FMUs and social forestry. Sufficient budget allocation is crucial for the sustainability of this work post- LESTARI.

● Provide technical assistance to improve management in the 5 FMUs (FMU III, XVII, XXX, XXXI, and XXXII). This will involve providing support to develop or revise RPHJP and RPHJPd, as well as assist FMUs to obtain KLHK endorsement of these plans, a series of capacity building that include forest business entrepreneurship, and strengthening forest monitoring.

● Facilitate collaboration with local universities (under the LESTARI-MSU program) to strengthen social forestry initiatives through evidence-based research. This includes a pilot community carbon stock assessment in a community forestry area.

● Scale up the rubber initiative to cover wider areas. LESTARI will facilitate the partnership model among rubber farmer group (UPPB), social forestry permit holders, FMU, and the private sector to further improve the rubber sector as well as overall forest and land-use management in Pulang Pisau District.

● Implement the sustainable financing strategy to support the Sebangau National Park peat restoration program.

● The Bornean orangutan reintroduction program in the Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park will continue in Year 4. This program is also supported by safeguarding orangutan habitat through SMART Patrols and collaboration activities with the community to improve carrying capacity of conservation areas as orangutan habitat.

● Support the assessment of the effectiveness of conservation area management in both Sebangau and Bukit Baka Bukit Raya NPs using METT as the evaluation tool. It is expected that both conservation areas can achieve a METT score above 70.

● Finalize trainings in RIL-C for the 7 partner timber concessions by the end of 2018. This will be followed by monitoring of the implementation of RIL-C as well as evaluating the impact beyond the training location.

USAID LESTARI Annual Report Year 3, October 2017 – September 2018 Page | 63

USAID LESTARI-MSU Year 3 Progress

Through sub-contractor Michigan State University (MSU), LESTARI supports a university partnerships initiative to build institutional and technical capacity, developing formal education curricula, creating distance-learning toolkits, and implementing a university-based service learning program with an emphasis on actionable forest carbon science, forest management, geospatial tools, and REDD+ readiness. LESTARI-MSU works specifically with two key stakeholders in Central Kalimantan: Universitas Palangka Raya (UPR) and Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya (UMP). Formal institutional linkages through Memoranda of Understanding between MSU/UPR and MSU/UMP were executed in January 2017.

In January 2018, MSU conducted a Community Forest Carbon Measurement and Monitory Training of Trainers with faculty and students from UPR and UMP. The training included a practicum with community members from Kariung and Jahanhang Villages who manage a community forest (HKm), Kapakat Atei, in Katingan Regency.

The protocol for establishing inventory plots and collecting tree measurement data developed by the University Consortium was adopted by Dr. Siti Maimunah, S.Hut.,M.P, Dean of the Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry at UMP who worked with communities members in Tangkahen, Pulang Pisau to measure the carbon in two parcels of community forest. In April 2018, a total of 35 plots were inventoried in a 100 ha parcel and a 62 ha parcel. Using an Excel-based carbon calculator developed by MSU, the 100 ha parcel averages 148.64 tC/ha and the 62 ha parcel 111.13 tC/ha. From an ecosystem valuation perspective, these two parcels of community managed forest hold 14,864 and 6,890 tons of carbon. These are important reserves of stored carbon in a forest that is rich in biodiversity. Surrounding these parcels many tracts of natural forest are being converted to other land uses. Communities can strengthen their management plans by including carbon as an important piece of the overall ecological value of these important areas contributing to reducing GHG emissions.

MSU and the University Consortium will use these data and this example in an on-line Learning Management System to help build expertise among students, faculty, and government agency personnel. In September 2018, training in the use of this tool was delivered to an additional 14 participants at UMP as part of a lecture on Community-based Measurement of Ecosystem Services. The team plans to continue to replicate the measurement training with other communities in the LESTARI Katingan-Kahayan Landscape.

Finally, a new MSU liaison field coordinator was hired and mobilized. She will support the activities in coordination with MSU and the Katingan-Kahayan Landscape team. Her addition to the project will ensure continued progress on University Consortium activities between trips by MSU to Palangkaraya.

Figure 19. Carbon stock measurement in community forest Kapakat Atei applying MSU tool, April 2018

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Protecting Community Livelihoods through Social Forestry: A Success Story from Kapakat Atei Forest Farmers Group

Since 2008, communities in the 5 villages of Tumbang Runen, Jahanjang, Karuing, Parupuk, and Telaga in Katingan District, Central Kalimantan have felt unsettled by the presence of a local palm oil company that operates in the region. The company had conducted massive land clearing activities that were threatening community livelihoods. The Jelotong tree, used to harvest latex, and the Damar tree, used to harvest damar gum, were becoming harder to find. The company disposed waste directly into the Katingan River – a place where locals bathe, wash their clothes, and catch fish.

The unrest reached its peak around 2016, roughly the same time that the social forestry initiative was launched by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (KLHK). Pak Andi Liany, the former Head of Karuing Village, decided to ask the help of various local institutions including USAID LESTARI to obtain a social forestry permit for the 5 villages. This would help to secure and protect the remaining areas from further encroachment from palm oil interests.

LESTARI welcomed the initiative taken by Pak Andi Liany and consequently facilitated the 5 villages to create the Kapakat Atei Forest Farmers Group. As the next step, LESTARI assisted this group to create a proposal for a community forest (HKm) permit, with clearly defined boundaries, from KLHK. This was supported by the Bupati of Katingan. In 2017, the HKm permit was issued. The group is currently conducting a survey of the area to determine suitable opportunities for developing sustainable forest-based enterprises. Importantly, the social forestry permit has provided them with the legal basis to resist further expansion of palm oil plantations and hence protect their land and livelihoods for themselves and their future generations.

Figure 20. Photo of HKm Kapakat Atei (forested area) located adjacent to palm oil plantation, Katingan District; Pak Andi Liany, former Head of Karuing Village

Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 21. Pak Zainnudin and his cacao nursery in Aceh Tenggara District

USAID LESTARI Annual Report Year 3, October 2017 – September 2018 Page | 65

PAPUA LANDSCAPES Papua Provincial Initiatives LESTARI operates in 4 landscapes in Papua Province – Lorentz Lowlands, Mappi-Bouven Digoel, Sarmi, and Cyclops. In Year 3, approaches and activities were consolidated with improved provincial coordination especially for governance, budget leveraging, and protected area management. Papua Provincial initiatives during Year 3 were focused on improved land use planning and land governance through SEA (not for the RTRW) for the RPJMD, and continued development and strengthening of SIMTARU/SST implementation with district linkages in Lorentz and Mappi-Bouven Digoel Landscapes. Improved provincial forest management and FMU piloting were not initiated as there was a lack of clear political will at the provincial level until late into the year (explained below in the challenges section).

Initiative 1: Land use planning and land governance – SST/SIMTARU & SEA LESTARI, and previously USAID IFACS, has been providing assistance to Papua Provincial Bappeda for the establishment and utilization of SIMTARU as a single source of spatial data for planning, implementation and monitoring purposes. Over the past year, this involved additional workshops to support cross-agency coordination to gather relevant permit data and upload it into SIMTARU, including training for the technical capacity to do so.

During the annual Provincial Musrembang in April 2018, Bappeda announced that it was more self-reliant and agreed on provision of modest technical assistance when needed, notably, institutional arrangements for systematic updating of SIMTARU by line agencies, incorporation of traditional community maps, electronic connectivity between Sustainability Screening Tool (SST) and SIMTARU and more efficient public accessibility to SIMTARU. LESTARI has respected Bappeda’s willingness for self-reliance in the interests of sustainability and has worked with WRI/ICRAF who were willing to provide specialized technical assistance for SIMTARU. Bappeda also announced its collaboration with other donors on spatial planning, including the launching of Papua's geo-portal which will be linked to the spatial planning data organized in the SIMTARU database. This process was linked with the KPK's current activities in Papua which are focused on improving transparency and accountability of spatial planning and licensing systems, and have already recognized the potential role SIMTARU can play in this process. This multi-donor collaboration driven by Bappeda and linked to national government driven policy reform (KPK, One Map policy), officially launched at the Musrenbang event, was a strong basis for enhancing the utilization of SIMTARU and SST in improving licensing systems.

Following the Musrembang, closer collaboration was achieved between Papua One-Stop- Shop for Licensing (Dinas PM&PTSP), Bappeda, and the Papua Public Information Agency (Dinas Kominfo), who are driving forward the SST, and SIMTARU on whose data it depends. Inter-sectoral coordination has been agreed upon and solutions for technical issues resolved such as the agreement from Dinas Kominfo to make available one of its under-utilized servers as a SIMTARU host. This will improve inter-agency access regardless of internet connection between Jayapura and Jakarta / Bogor.

The provincial government has acknowledged that SST should be a built-in component of the online, publicly accessible, permit applications system called e-PPO, currently under development. This policy acceptance of SST could enable adoption of the fully operational system by the end of the year. LESTARI has also started to provide assistance to link SST to the new Online System for Licensing (OSS) and the so-called SI-CANTIK system.

In parallel, LESTARI increased utilization of SIMTARU by local NGOs interested in spatial plans and license reviews by organizing a training event where Bappeda trained local NGOs

USAID LESTARI Annual Report Year 3, October 2017 – September 2018 Page | 66

on the use of SIMTARU. Loosely affiliated partners of the Asia Foundation’s SETAPAK 2 program, these NGOs are interacting with the Corruption Eradication Commission and will develop a policy brief on land use permits in Papua that will contribute to Papua’s upcoming spatial plan review. LESTARI has improved relationships and trust between Bappeda and the NGOs, resulting in pledges from Bappeda for future training on SIMTARU use. This will facilitate wider use of SIMTARU for spatial plan implementation review and have positive outcomes for land use governance and traditional communities in Papua.

To monitor and provide multi-stakeholder input and guidance as for various development policies in Papua, LESTARI has supported Bappeda to establish the Papua Sustainable Development Forum (PDF). This will build upon an earlier forum established specifically for spatial planning issues but is more formal and broadly supported by donors and NGOs across development issues of gender, climate change, and health. Bappeda wishes to direct public consultations and discussions concerning SEA, RPJM and the Spatial Plan through the PDF. One additional aspect that LESTARI will promote through the PDF is the uploading of participatory mapping data produced through many different NGOs and donors to be stored in SIMTARU. This is an essential data source to promote sustainable development planning and acknowledge the role and land ownership of traditional communities in Papua.

Support was provided to the Provincial Bappeda in response to their request for strengthening the SEA for the newly elected Governor’s RPJMD (2018-2023). The approach agreed upon was semi self-reliant with technical support provided by LESTARI in the form of four consultants and a MSF-led public consultations. Management costs of the SEA working group were provided by Bappeda.

The SEA Working Group (Pokja), with technical support from LESTARI, conducted follow-up FGDs to refine of a list of strategic issues into a short list for analysis. The Pokja integrated the wide array of issues for SEA analysis into the following five critical factors for Papua’s development: (1) maintaining environmental quality, (2) in line with spatial planning, (3) sustainable road infrastructure, (4) increasing quality of public services, and (5) enabling human resource development. LESTARI’s interests directly related to economic development planning for improved forest management (1 and 2) and safeguards (3) were incorporated in three of the five strategic issues for SEA analysis.

The SEA is now in the final stages of completion with recommendations being incorporated into the RPJM developed by a separate working group. Bappeda have signed a ‘letter of intent’ with LESTARI guaranteeing recommendations are integrated into the RPJM that will and subsequently inform formulation of agency strategic plans (Renstra) and budgets.

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Lorentz Lowlands.! Landscape .! .! 135°0'0"E 136°0'0"E 137°0'0"E 138°0'0"E 139°0'0"E 140°0'0"E .! Mulia K A B U P A T E N J A Y A P U R A T O L I K A R AKarubaga P U N C A K J AY A FIELD ACTIVITIES IN N A B I R E I N T A N J AY A .! M E M B E R A M O T E N G A H Elelim Ilaga LORENTZ LOWLANDS LA.!NDSCAPE WEST P A N I A I .! OCTTOBER 2017 - SEPTEMBER 2018 Moanamani P U N C A K Tiom YA L I M O .! Enarotali .! S PAPUA .! S " " 0 0 ' L A N I J A Y A ' 0 0 ° D O G I Y A I Wamena ° 4 D E I Y A I 4 Wagete .! .! J A Y AW I J AY A

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" _ " .! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! P! !e!ce! ! ! ! ! ^_! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !^! ! ! ! 0 0 ' District Capital ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !^_! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !A!s! ! ! ' 0 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !^_! ! ! ^_! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 0 ° ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !_! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !^_! ! ! ! ! !A!o!u! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ° 5 W^acakam ^_ 5 Provincial boundary ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !^_! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !^_! ! ! ! ! !A! t!a!t! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !N! !ak! a! i! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Kabupaten boundary ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !B! !u!e!tk!war ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! W! !agabus ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !^_! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !^_! ! ! ! River ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !A! !K!A! !T! ! !Y!u!n!i! ! ! ! ! ! ! !B!u! b! i!s! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! A S M! ! !A! !T! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !^_! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !^_! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !Forest Protection & Monitoring at ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! S U A T O R ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Ewer Sa!w! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Village level ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ^_ A! !g!a!t!s! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !Conservation Plan at Village level ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! .! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ^_ ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !(RPJMK) ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Yepe!m! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !SMART Patrol activity ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! A R A F U R A S E A ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Operational Landscape B O U V E N D I G O E L FMU Unit VI Mimika S S " " 0 0 ' Oilpalm Plantation ' 0 0 ° ° 6 Conservation areas 6 : M A P P I Peatland Km Mangrove 0 10 20 40 60 80 100 PAP UA Value landscape: Source : Compile of LESTARI activities data Forest cover during October 2017 - September 2018 Kepi .! 135°0'0"E 136°0'0"E 137°0'0"E 138°0'0"E 139°0'0"E 140°0'0"E

USAID LESTARI Annual Report Year 3, October 2017 – September 2018 Page | 68

Landscape Profile The Lorentz Lowlands Landscape covers an extensive 4.8 million hectares, including the districts of Mimika and Asmat and Lorentz National Park. The landscape consists of largely intact dryland, mineral soil forests in the northern parts of the landscape, extensive lowland swamp forests along the central belt, and the world’s most rich and intact mangrove ecosystems on the southern coast. The bordering freshwater swamp forest (approximately 1 million ha) is important for maintaining the mangroves and together harbor some of the highest carbon stock and biodiversity per hectare of similar forests on the planet. These assets need to be managed sustainably to mitigate vast GHG emissions and conserve its important endemic biodiversity and environmental services that local communities depend on. Year 3 Progress The key Year 3 achievement in this landscape was 204,343 hectares of forest and/or natural resources under improved management. This was achieved via co-management and watershed protection between communities and local government in Nayaro Village (191,000 ha) and Yepem/Agats Village (13,343 ha). Work also included maintaining the improved management achieved from Year 2 (within Lorentz National Park). Progress under each initiative is summarized below.

Initiative 1: Spatial plan review, revision, monitoring, and enforcement Work planned under this initiative included the completion of the SEA for the spatial plan and integration of its recommendations, and the development of the SST at the district level to improve licensing. The 2017 draft revised spatial plan (RTRWK) for Mimika District was received by the SEA working group in June 2018. Although this version incorporates conservation recommendations from the USAID IFACS Landscape Conservation Plan and the Mimika Multi-Stakeholder Forum, the utilization of the IFACS SEA was sub-optimal. Therefore, this SEA was revised and subsequently used to strengthen and justify changes made to the spatial plan. The 2018 SEA draft significantly elevates conservation status for critical areas of peat forest, freshwater swamps and riparian belts (in total 192,190 ha) that had been previously zoned for conversion (HPK) or development (such as farming zones or settlements and infrastructure) under the provincial spatial plan. It also lowers protection status for degraded areas and suitable for development covering 72,320 ha.

In addition to these significant spatial changes that enable improved management of forests, conservation programs detailed in the spatial planning document include initiatives for a 4,200 hectare district protected forest (TAHURA), increased budgeting for conservation of all mangrove areas (216,880 ha), development of mangrove-based ecotourism site in Poumako.

The SEA working group held a series of seven workshops and focus group discussions culminating in a public consultation to define priority development issues that are impacting sustainability in Mimika. Stakeholders identified six development trends that can undermine sustainability; 1) the increased risk and areas affected by developments, 2) environmental damage and threats to important, rare and threatened ecosystems, 3) sub-optimal public services (such as water and roads), 4) conflicts over natural resource use, 5) lack of acknowledgment about important community site and traditional use zones and 6) the dominance of the mining sector in economic development. The above mentioned draft spatial plan is now being analyzed by the SEA working group to identify if the spatial plan helps alleviate or reverse these key development trends. The increase in conservation safeguards over large areas of mangroves and freshwater swamp forests in the lowlands should mitigate many of the potential threats and the working group are currently developing

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alternative scenarios to the spatial plan where there are short-comings that will be presented at a final public consultation in October 2018. LESTARI contributed to environmental awareness-raising events during World Environment Day (WED) and for developing Wildlife Rescue Center. The WED event, held by PT. Freeport and Mimika’s Multi-Stakeholder Forum, focused on wildlife trade, poaching, and improved forest and mangrove management and contributed to developing awareness of visitors to the event. Awareness about Lorentz’s unique and high levels of biodiversity has led to multi-stakeholder support for Papua’s first Wildlife Rescue Centre (Pusat Penyelamatan Satwa - PPS) to be developed in Nayaro. Greater awareness of environmental issues in general improved the Mimika Government work plan for 2018 and leveraged funding for participatory mapping for greater recognition of environmentally and culturally significant areas (through the Maritime and Fisheries office), preparation of a mangrove strategic plan (Bappeda), and the development of a district biodiversity profile (district Environment Office).

Initiative 2: Mangrove and cultural heritage sites co-management agreements The LESTARI team in Lorentz Lowlands aimed to achieve ambitious results in Year 3 through development of co-management agreements in Rawa Baki, Nayaro village forests, Yepem mangrove and swamp watershed management, mangroves management in Ewer- Saw, and assisting FMU VI with their Long-term Forest Management Plan.

Rawa Baki Vriendschap (RBV) is an area of unique swamp and forested inland deltas covering 123,000 hectares in Asmat District, and proposed as an essential ecosystem area (kawasan ekosistem esensial – KEE) – a type of protected area outside of the reserve and park system. LESTARI facilitated community conservation agreement in four villages - Wagabus, Pupis, Yuni and Buetkwar – in direct support of the RBV becoming a KEE. In addition, LESTARI completed village development planning (RPJM Kampung) in the 4 villages, resulting in programs that support conservation management of RBV from the Village Funds, including the formation of community patrol groups, training and monitoring of their traditional lands to reduce external threats (such as poaching of pig-nosed turtles). The Asmat MSF has discussed the importance of RBV for biodiversity conservation, local livelihoods and culture (this is one of the areas that the Asmat people are said to have originated). LESTARI has also advocated for RBV as a KEE with related institutions at the national/provincial level and secured support. Follow up will focus on seeking commitment for protection of RBV from the new Asmat Bupati and local government agencies for RBV management as prerequisites for the KEE proposal to KLHK.

The traditional management area of the Nayaro community was identified through participatory mapping covering 191,097 hectares. LESTARI's approach to achieve improved management over this very large area has focused on: 1) the ratification and implementation of a Village Regulation for natural resource utilization and protection of the Nayaro traditional forest and establishment of the Mame Airifua forest protection group, 2) initial forest area monitoring and patrol activities, 3) support from multi-stakeholders for the Mame Airifua forest protection group’s work program, and 4) a farmer field school (FFS) for sustainable sago utilization. The Mame Airifua forest protection group was proposed by the community themselves as they were concerned about the future of their forests and natural resources. Threats come from mine tailings and over exploitation with cassowary, freshwater turtles, and lobsters already hard to find. Communities are becoming increasingly aware of the need to keep an eye on their forest resources through routine patrols. Those patrols already implemented during Year 3 of LESTARI have resulted in mitigation measures needed in collaboration with related stakeholders (BKSDA, Lorentz National Park and PT Freeport Indonesia). The FFS has reinforced community commitment for conservation and enthusiasm for improving the quality and diversity of sago products as illustrated in the village regulation for forest protection that protects sago groves and water, and restricts other natural resource use in riparian belts where sago is often found. Multi-stakeholder

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support for Nayaro traditional forest management was secured from PT. Freeport Indonesia, the Mimika Forest Service Branch (Kantor Cabang Dinas Kehutanan Mimika), Catholic Diocese of Mimika, BKSDA Mimika, and the Mimika Fisheries and Marine Agency through agreement on a Nayaro traditional forest protection and sago-based community development roadmap illustrating sustained stakeholder commitment for conservation in Nayaro. LESTARI provided facilitation for this agreement, helping to define the roles and responsibilities of each party.

Through this successful piloting, the “Nayaro-type” approach will be replicated in other areas during Year 4. To facilitate amplification and sustainability of the approach, LESTARI has trained Diocese staff in participatory community mapping as the entry point for improved management of customary forested land and to protect coastal mangroves. LESTARI is building a new collaboration with the Mimika Catholic Church and advocates for the use of participatory mapping to facilitate management agreements that collectively protect sago forests and mangroves for food supply and local identity.

Figure 21. Forest monitoring being conducted by Mame Airifua forest protection working group; Nayaro Mame Airifua forest protection working group discussing with Nayaro communities

Clear and targeted mid-term village development plans (RPJM Kampung) are essential to access and utilize village funds (Dana Desa) for the sustainable development of natural resources. Unfortunately in LESTARI landscapes, most RPJM Kampung in Papua are of very poor quality and not at all focused on conservation or sustainable management of the forests and mangroves upon which community livelihoods rely. LESTARI facilitated Asmat’s Multi-Stakeholder Forum (that includes local government agencies, the Asmat adat council, and churches) and the Landasan Program (an Australian DFAT-funded project) to support the village mid-term development plan with strong focus on collaborative watershed management of the Yepem Freshwater Swamp. Using the RPJMDes modules, LESTARI together with P3MD (Program Pembangunan dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa) and Bappeda, ratified 11 RPJMKampung and their related village regulations to formally recognize the mid-term development plans in 9 villages. Conservation activities are included in the annual village development work plan (RKPK) in Nakai, As, Atat, Eroko, Yakapis, Wagabus, Yuni, Buetkwar, Bubis villages. Importantly, for protection and monitoring sustainable use of natural resources, the villages plan to form conservation cadres / patrol units and support them with operational budgets. Follow up work in Year 4 will focus on adapting the RPJMKampung modules to the Papuan context and scaling up this approach in the LESTARI Cyclops and Lorentz Lowlands Landscapes.

In Yepem, traditional management areas were identified through participatory mapping covering 13,343 hectares. This area is especially important to a wide range of stakeholders as it contains the only source of terrestrial freshwater for Agats. LESTARI facilitated the establishment of an Asmat MSF water management working group (Pokja Air) to develop the collaborative water resource management in Yepem Village, and provided technical assistance to bridge between local government and the community and develop a water supply and protection scheme. LESTARI supported the ratification and implementation of a

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Village Regulation for the Protection of the forests, improved the RPJMKampung by including conservation programs in it and developed and trained a Village Enterprise Unit (BUMK) to manage water resources. The MSF are now pursuing an agreement between the Asmat government and BUMK for the utility of water from Yepem for distribution in Agats that will provide additional funds for the protection of the watershed. A co-management strategy was agreed on as water resources are considered a common long-term asset. The management mechanism will involve four actors, where the Yepem Community will serve as a water provider, the Agats town community as water users (represented by the Asmat Government), the Water Management Working Group as a facilitating institution for payments, and the Multi Stakeholder Forum (MSF) Asmat as a monitoring body. The mechanism will start next year and LESTARI's support is still required to backstop implementation by all parties involved. Funding through the Public Works and Public Housing (PUPR) agency has been allocated for 2019 (between IDR 10-20 billion).

Empowering local village institutions in Ewer and Saw has resulted in 2 village regulations and RPJMKampung that enhance protection of over 60,000 hectares of mangroves. Agreements were developed between village government and indigenous communities to protect mangrove ecosystems through routine monitoring of threats, and funded through the village fund. An MOU has also been developed between crab traders and the local community to sustainably manage this resource. Agreements were witnessed by the Asmat District’s Marine and Fisheries Agency and MSF Asmat but have yet to be implemented.

After the implementation of decentralization at the provincial level, all FMU staff, including those from FMU VI in Mimika were withdrawn to the province in January 2018. The appointment of new personnel for Papua priority FMUs was carried out in May 2018. Unfortunately, FMU VI has only received a limited number of personnel (6 staff), far smaller than the previous number of personnel (24). Uncertainty and limited number of staffs to work with has been the primary challenge for operationalizing FMU VI. However, LESTARI has been able to facilitate the revision of the RPHJP for FMU VI. The last review by KLHK included minor revisions to FMU maps now under revision. FMU staff have been involved in training such as collaborative forest management options that exist for communities, forest monitoring and protection and participatory mapping. USFS toolkits for FMU will be applied during development of the Short Term Forest Management Plan and capacity building for FMU staff in Year 4.

Initiative 3: Lorentz co-management for conservation The priority assistance provided to Lorentz National Park management authorities was the re-zoning of the protected area to improve management efficiency in the park. Lorentz National Park is the only place in the world where one can find pristine and uninterrupted ecosystems from mangroves on the coast to ice-capped mountains and is a World Heritage Site. LESTARI has long been advocating for co-management of Lorentz National Park – the largest national park in Southeast Asia – by involving communities, local government agencies and the park authorities themselves. However, the park zonation map does not facilitate any level of co-management. It was based on inaccurate spatial data, failed to prioritize important areas for conservation (due to their biodiversity value) and areas in need of restoration (due to encroachment and new road development), nor accommodate the needs of traditional communities and emerging centers of development within the park.

The revised zonation significantly increases the percentage of strict conservation areas (Zona Inti) while rationalizing areas that have already been developed – such as the road network supported by the President of Indonesia. The most fundamental change is provision for sustainable traditional livelihoods. The LESTARI supported re-zonation of the park reflects community needs and spatial patterns of traditional natural resource use, opening the door for meaningful co-management. The Park Authority has embraced large Traditional Use Areas (Zona Pemanfaatan Tradisional) creating excellent opportunities for co-

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management of the National Park resources with communities, as well as District and Provincial government – something that is essential for an area of 2.4 million hectares that is guarded by only 47 staff (one park staffer / 50,000 ha). The final draft zonation map was consulted to the public in the final quarter of Year 4 and was presented to KSDAE. Only minor edits are required before the revised zonation plan is approved.

Figure 22. A significant increase in the areas zoned for conservation (Zona Inti), indicated above in red, in the new zonation plan assisted by LESTARI for Lorentz National Park. Zona Inti nearly doubled, from 466,854 hectares in the previous plan to 823,190 hectares in this current draft plan. Traditional use zones (indicated in brown) were delineated from participatory mapping and will allow for effective co- management of these areas.

Even though the zonation plan has not been approved by KLHK in Jakarta, LESTARI is strengthening its implementation through developing a Village Regulation for the Use and Protection of Natural Resources for Kanmapri and Sempan Timur Villages that lie within the national park. After training was provided for village level government staff on the park zones, the village regulation was drafted to support natural resource use allowed in traditional use zones (limited timber for houses, non-timber forest products, sustainable sago harvesting, hunting of pigs (a non-native species in Papua) as well as biodiversity protection in strict conservation zones (Zona Inti). The village regulation drafting involved adat representation (LEMASKO), Mimika District Bappeda, Office of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, and Lorentz National Park management.

Coinciding with village regulations, LESTARI supported the development of village development plans (RPJMK) for these communities within the national park. During this reporting period, village plans in Mimika were ratified, and in Asmat District, three were drafted with the involvement of adat leaders, village leaders, and community members, including women and youth. The resulting development plans allow financial support for forest conservation activities such as protection of pig-nose turtle habitat, monitoring of use of the national park according to zonation, protection of sago gardens and other spots of cultural importance, procurement of sago seeds for traditional livelihoods, and establishment of ‘conservation cadres’ in the villages.

Late in Year 3, LESTARI assisted the park authorities with their “Role Model” promoted by the head of KSDAE. To date, little data is available on the extraordinary biodiversity within the park. The role model concept aims to improve management of the national park through inventorying biodiversity, documenting threats, and developing potential ecotourism by following the footsteps of the Wollaston Scientific Expedition carried out in 1912. A multi- disciplinary team recorded significant levels of biodiversity by sampling representative

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ecosystems of mangroves, freshwater swamps and lowland forests in the southern area of the park. Socio-economic data from three villages and threats to the park were documented through SMART patrols. Results indicate that threats to the park are still very low, while biodiversity is still extremely rich. SMART patrols have initially been implemented only in the lowlands. During the survey and SMART patrols, staff from all sections of the park (including the highlands) were involved and trained in SMART patrol systems. As a result, the Park Authority has committed to implement SMART throughout the park in a concerted systematic effort to monitor threats to biodiversity and unique values of the national park. SMART provides evidence-based data on patrol effectiveness to reduce threats to the forest and biodiversity, and will be used to advocate for improved conservation funding to maintain these patrols in future.

The Lorentz National Park Management Collaboration Forum (FKPTNL) have proposed that Balai TN Lorentz become a “Balai Besar” in an effort to secure a larger budget and staff for the management of this area. A letter will be sent to the Papua Governor when he has been officially inaugurated to support this change. The forum agreed to initiate the establishment of “Yayasan Sahabat Lorentz” but due to conflicting agendas this has not come to fruition. For the meantime, FKPTNL are advocating for improved budgets from local level governments to assist in the management of the national park, starting with conservation awareness for communities inside the national park.

The MSF in Mimika has assisted in developing a wildlife rehabilitation plan for the Lorentz Lowlands Landscape and a draft decree to form a wildlife rehabilitation ‘quick response team’. LESTARI provided technical assistance to the MSF through compiling a biodiversity profile, development of SOP for rehabilitation and release, community awareness raising, and socialization to stakeholders. This initiative is a follow up to previous efforts aimed at reducing wildlife trafficking through market and port monitoring and improved law enforcement, and will lead to improvements to the rehabilitation of captured wildlife.

Through joint efforts of LESTARI and the Nature Conservation Agency of Papua (BBKSDA), 824 juvenile Pig-Nosed Turtles (Carettochelys insculpta) were successfully released back into their natural habitat in the Vriendschap River in Asmat District. The turtles were confiscated by authorities in Merauke in the previous month. The LESTARI team in Mappi – Bouven Digoel and Lorentz Lowlands are coordinating with local authorities to detect and prevent, in a more systematic manner, the actions of wildlife traffickers. Carettochelys insculpta has been assessed as “Vulnerable” on the IUCN Red List as it is exported in large numbers for the international live animal trade from southern Papua. It is a protected species under Indonesian law.

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Mappi-Bouven Digoel Landscape

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S ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Proposed areas for S " ! ! ! ! ! ! ! " 0 0

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0 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Conservation under the SEA 0 ° ° 8 8 Operational Landscape PA P U A Forest Type : Primary Forest Source : Compile of LESTARI activities data during October 2017 - September 2018 Secondary Forest 138°30'0"E 139°0'0"E 139°30'0"E 140°0'0"E 140°30'0"E 141°0'0"E !.

USAID LESTARI Annual Report Year 3, October 2017 – September 2018 Page | 75

Landscape Profile The Mappi-Bouven Digoel Landscape covers 3.3 million hectares in southeast Papua. It consists of a large undeveloped expanse of lowland forest on a lowland mineral terrace, and extensive peat lands, swamps and some mangrove in the lower reaches towards the coast. The landscape is characterized by Papua’s largest river, the Digoel, which forms the eastern boundary of the landscape.

Southeastern Papua has long been the focus of large development plans for the expansion in agricultural and land-based energy estates. The MIFEE (Merauke Integrated Food and Energy Estate) project that was initiated under the SBY government has been revisited and supported by the Jokowi administration. The actual impact of MIFEE spreads beyond the Merauke District, as large parcels of land have long been designated for conversion to oil palm and pulp plantations in Bouven Digoel and Mappi Districts. However, most oil palm and industrial plantation companies holding ‘location licenses’ are not yet operating in the landscape to date. This presents an opportunity to rationalize conversion and mitigate negative environmental and social impacts from plantation development. Year 3 Progress Initiative 1: Land use rationalization for integrated conservation and sustainable development The primary focus of LESTARI Year 3 activities in both Mappi and Bouven Digoel focused on updating the spatial plan by working with district governments and supporting the production of high-quality Strategic Environmental Assessments (SEA), in order to influence revisions to the district-level spatial plans. SEA in Indonesia are mandatory for policies, plan and programs that affect the environment and to ensure sustainability within them.

Both remote districts have notably weak government capacity, and work on SEAs in both Bouven Digoel became stagnated because of unclear succession and inactive budgets for local government agencies. Moreover, new regulations on SEAs have strengthened SEA formulation making it mandatory to integrate recommendations into spatial plans, but place an additional burden on remote districts like Mappi and Bouven Digoel due to the lack of capacity to formulate SEAs which comply with regulations. However, the district government agencies in both Mappi and Bouven Digoel are now fully engaging in the spatial plan SEA process which LESTARI supports with technical expertise. Local officials are now aware of various problems with their district spatial plans that require revision, and have been introduced to the evidence and arguments in the Landscape Conservation Plan (LCP) which form the basis of LESTARI’s recommendations for increasing areas for conservation within the revised spatial plans and the need for accompanying programs for improved management of these areas. By supporting development of local government capacity, ensuring a multi-stakeholder process, and using the LCPs as a key data source, LESTARI supported spatial plan revisions will increase protection for almost one million hectares of forest and peatlands across the two districts (see landscape map).

LCP identify areas important for hydrology (especially in Mappi) and areas of cultural importance to local communities, which include areas of high biodiversity and are unprotected in the current spatial plans. In order to strengthen understanding of a wider group of stakeholders to support hydrological, social/cultural, and biodiversity conservation, LESTARI has designed an advocacy strategy composed of three approaches – campaigns, formal meetings with stakeholders, and dialogue with affected communities. LESTARI produced summaries of Mappi and Bouven Digoel LCPs together with key stakeholders to provide greater accessibility of this information to government officials, traditional communities and the private sector. The public radio station (RRI-Boven Digoel) is informing

USAID LESTARI Annual Report Year 3, October 2017 – September 2018 Page | 76

communities through strategic interactive dialogue programs and campaigns that promote Landscape Conservation Plan adoption within the spatial plan.

SEAs are rarely conducted with sufficient participatory input from multi-stakeholders, but LESTARI has guaranteed this through rigorous stakeholder consultations. The first public consultations for Spatial Plan SEAs were held in both districts and documented priority strategic issues that must be analyzed to ensure sustainability of future plans. Public consultations were well attended and resulted in the definition of critical decision factors for future consideration in the spatial plan. These included: 1) safeguarding cultural values of local communities, 2) providing equitable opportunities for community economic needs and development, 3) sustainable and appropriate infrastructure development and services, and importantly, 4) review of patterns of land conversion and land management that affect forests. Participants discussed the cause and effect of development issues that will be integrated into a detailed assessment framework to sharpen the SEA. These issues will be analyzed further to provide recommendations for changes in the spatial plan.

Related to this, the spatial plan review process (Peninjauan Kembali - PK) has stalled due to lack of government budget. LESTARI has pledged partial funding and gained support from the Vice Bupati and Head of Bappeda to reinstate 2018 budgets to complete this effectively, in parallel with the SEA. Both will be complete by December 2018. The SEA and PK will be finished by December 2018, and revision of the spatial plan be completed early in 2019.

Work on SST development and SIMTARU has been limited and requires completion of work at the provincial level SST. Year 4 work will focus on spatial plan and license monitoring. Most stakeholders in the landscape, especially traditional communities, are unaware of licenses permitted on their (traditional) land because of lack of community engagement. The SST can produce reports about licensing on discrete areas mapped by communities to inform the district governments for permit review.

Initiative 2: Land-use rationalization in the private sector This pilot initiative aims to ensure that plantation development is done in a participatory manner with community stakeholders, ensuring that natural forest areas are safeguarded for watershed protection, local livelihoods, and cultural value. Following negotiations, LESTARI signed a letter of intent with the Korindo Group – an international group of companies in the paper and forest products sector – to work together on the implementation of a sustainable land use model following FPIC principles. It was agreed that the pilot project location would be in one of the concession areas held by PT. Tunas Sawa Erma (TSE), Bouven Digoel, as this new area is yet to be developed. The approach has gained support from the Deputy Bupati who emphasized that a precautionary approach should be applied to natural resource use to ensure that important community values are safeguarded and biodiversity and forests are appropriately maintained, while allowing the local economy to grow.

Blok E covers an area of 14,461 hectares of forested land that is slated for conversion to oil palm. LESTARI worked to develop their internal understanding of why such an approach is needed, and to agree upon the steps to be undertaken to achieve it. Consultations were held with local communities including land rights holders, local government, and TSE plantation staff. Building on these initial consultations, workshops brought together stakeholders for formal consultations that further explained the purpose of the LESTARI-Korindo collaboration. The main output of the initial workshop was agreement by stakeholders to proceed to next steps – studies verifying landscape values (social-cultural and environmental) from existing data, and verification of the Free, Prior and Informed Consent by local communities and landholders for the development of the block through a multi- stakeholder approach.

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A second stakeholder consultation workshop resulted in the development of a SLP “objective hierarchy”. In a logical and step wise process, the objective hierarchy (OH) details fundamental objectives, components, values, targets for social, environmental and economic development, data needs for mapping, and methods to obtain data. Most important are the targets in terms of land and forest areas for social and environmental needs and a focus on the smallest areas required for an economically viable plantation. Through discussions and debates within stakeholder groups, the OH embedded Free, Prior and Informed Consent principles for potential concession development into the process.

Engagement with key stakeholders and positive communication was unpredictable during the process. At first, stakeholders were appreciative of the open approach and this was remarked upon as an achievement. The Deputy Bupati in particular appreciated the transparent and inclusive approach initiated by LESTARI. He emphasized that a precautionary approach should be applied by investors, communities, and government to ensure that important community values are safeguarded and biodiversity and forests are appropriately maintained, while allowing the local economy to grow. However, transparency and inclusiveness of the approach initiated by LESTARI have unearthed several issues as the Sustainable Landscape Approach dug down into whether communities and other stakeholders were fully aware of the implications of oil palm development, and had access to the right information. The process has now been interrupted as a number of the landholders issued a protest letter to Korindo, with copies to district and provincial governments.

Discussions between Korindo, LESTARI, local government, and adat representatives have not resolved the impasse. Community members are now demanding a number of actions including sharing of data (Environmental Impact Assessments, copies of land transactions, concession permits, clarification of the status of the HGU business permit, and implementation of CSR activities already promised, as well as a written contract between the landholders/communities and Korindo). These aspects are all important components of the Free, Prior and Informed Consent process, and are reasonable demands. In this respect, the SLP approach was successful in uncovering conflicts early and in no way “green-washes” development of palm oil. Transparency and goals agreed upon by multi-stakeholder discourse are very important good governance aspects of the approach; they have not been achieved between all parties. Currently, LESTARI awaits reconfirmation of their commitment to ensure smooth implementation of SLP on the ground. LESTARI has proposed training in FPIC for all staff, government stakeholders, and communities in order to explain how the SLP initiative can achieve better relations with communities and prevent future conflict before land is cleared, if the good-governance principles are embraced by all parties.

In the meantime, these developments in the field led the Bouven Digoel District Government to engage on the need to strengthen the process of land acquisition. LESTARI is assisting the Vice Bupati in analyzing the investment climate in the district as many problems related to company-community relations have emerged, and the government is looking for potential solutions such as LESTARI’s ‘sustainable landscape approach’. Analyses of the investment climate will also feature in the revision of spatial plans and the accompanying SEA. Meetings led by the DPMPTSP at district level have outlined preliminary goals including: 1) ensuring that the adat representation (such as Adat Community Council - LMA) is involved in every step of the decision making process about permits and environmental impact analyses, 2) the development of an Investment Monitoring and Evaluation Team across government agencies to ensure companies conduct proper FPIC (community consultation and dissemination of information properly before obtaining permissions of development permits), 3) a review of the legal requirements for existing permits, and the cancellation of ‘location permits’ where the companies have not been active, and 4) formulation of Bupati Regulations on community consent (FPIC) and its verification for the protection of traditional land use to prevent future conflict, and land acquisition and compensation for customary land.

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While LESTARI continues to look for opportunities to apply the sustainable landscape approach, supporting the local government in formulating and implementing these new regulations is an opportunity to strengthen the permitting system in Bouven Digoel and integrate the principles and approaches of the SLP. This will reinforce community involvement and strengthen implementation of environmental safeguards, thereby achieving equitable and sustainable concession development and wider landscape management beyond current pilot project sites licensed to Korindo.

Additionally, LESTARI assisted in the release of another 599 endangered Pig-nosed Turtles back to their natural habitats on the Digoel River in Iwot Village. The collaborative effort included Wasur National Park, BKSDA Merauke, Fast Reaction Unit (SPORC) from Merauke, Quarantine office Merauke, Customs and Excise, International Animal Rescue- Indonesia, the Wild Animal Rescue Centre-Hong Kong, local government officials from 7 agencies, and church and village and adat leaders. Evidently, these charismatic juvenile turtles gain much attention from a wide variety of multi-stakeholders and has spotlighted illegal poaching in the region.

Figure 23. Pig-nosed turtle release on the Digoel River, Boven Digul District, August 2018

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Sarmi Landscape

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FIELD ACTITIES IN IN SARMI LANDSCAPE OCTOBER 2017 - SEPTEMBER 2018 Muwar - Logging Concession office > Field HCV Training P A C I F I C O C E A N 4 Sarmi PA N T A I B A R A T : .! Km 0 5 10 20 30 40 50 PT BINA BALANTAK UTAMA S A R M I S S " " 0 ' 0 ' 0 0 ° ° 2 S A R M I T I M U R 2

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Logging Concession office 3 ° M A M B E R A M O R A YA > ° 2 Field HCV Training 2 4 M a m b e r a m o - F o j a N I M B O K R A N G .! District Capital W i l d l i f e R e s e r v e U N U R U M G U A Y Kabupaten boundary Mainroad N I M B O R A N River K A B U P A T E N J A Y A P U R A Operational Landscape Conservation Area ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! RIL-C Training for Logging Concession ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! HCV Monitoring Training (Phase 1) ! ! ! ! ! P A P U A Value landscape: YA P S I Primary Forest K A U R E H Source : Compile of LESTARI activities data Secondary Forest during October 2017 - September 2018 P U N C A K J AY A T O L I K A R A Sources: Esri, GEBCO, NOAA, National Geographic, Garmin, HERE, Geonames.org, and other contributors 138°30'0"E 139°0'0"E 139°30'0"E 140°0'0"E

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Landscape Profile The Sarmi Landscape covers 1 million hectares in northern Papua and is almost entirely comprised of natural forests, from the low coastal land up to the Foja Mountains in the hinterlands. This includes extensive areas of lowland peat swamp forest as well as mangrove forests along the 200 km coast. The region is known for its rich biodiversity in all forest types including tree-kangaroos, Northern Cassowary, 16 species of parrot and cockatoos, and 6 species of birds of paradise – all of which are endemic (except four species of parrot) and relatively common throughout the landscape. 70% of the landscape is currently within natural forest timber concessions (HPHs).

LESTARI’s overall vision for this landscape is to ensure HCV/HCS conservation and reduce future deforestation through improved adoption of BMPs by large land-based private sector actors. Assessments in Year 1 revealed opportunities to engage with 2 natural forest timber concessions through training in Reduced Impact Logging (RIL-C). With the proper implementation of RIL-C, the environmental impacts from logging can be minimized; through participatory HCV monitoring with the local stakeholders, illegal logging can be reduced.

Work in Sarmi Landscape is limited to engagement with the private sector for BMP adoption, as it represents the most significant opportunity for improved forest and land management. The Year 3 target for hectares under improved management was 298,710 hectares. Year 3 Progress The key Year 3 achievement in this landscape was 547,010 hectares of forest and/or natural resources under improved management. This was achieved via training in Reduced Impact Logging and demonstrated commitment for its adoption by two timber concession partners (PT. Wapoga Mutiara Timber – 169,170 hectares and PT. Salaki Mandiri Sejahtera – 79,130 hectares) and HCV monitoring training and demonstrated commitment for its adoption by another timber concession partner (PT. Bina Balantak Utama – 298,710 ha). Details are described below.

Initiative 1: Private sector BMP and RIL-C During Year 3, LESTARI partner Tropical Forest Foundation (TFF) completed training in Reduced Impact Logging for Reducing Carbon Emissions (RIL-C) for PT. Wapoga Mutiara Timber (WMT) and PT. Salaki Mandiri Sejahtera (SMS), two partner timber concessions in Sarmi Landscape. Comprehensive training covered all aspects of RIL-C including:

● Tree inventory and mapping ● Contour mapping ● Forest planning including hauling road, branch road, and skid trail mapping suitable for the terrain ● Delineating protected areas such as riparian buffers ● Minimizing impact from logging operations via opening skid trail, directional felling, bucking, and skidding ● Evaluation after harvest including soil disturbance, waste from harvesting, effective road and skid trail length, forest clearance, and effective area harvested

Even though the training started much later compared to that in the Katingan-Kahayan Landscape due to difficulties faced by the HPHs in fulfilling the list of prerequisites, training and compliance with RIL standards has been completed on time.

Both companies were considered ‘compliant’ by TFF when scored against their evaluation tool criteria with a score of 71.9% and 63.8% for WMT and SMS respectively. Compliance with KLHK regulatory requirements results in a score of +/-25 - 30%. However, TFF’s

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benchmark for considering a forest concession ‘substantially compliant’ with the RIL standard is a score of 80%, so there is still some room for improvement.

Concession RIL Score Petak Selected Improvement 2017 (Pre) 2018 (Post) 2017 (Pre) 2018 (Post) PT Wapoga Mutiara WMT 61.3% 71.9% 22 - O 28 - T 17.3% Timber

PT Salaki Mandiri SMS 28.3% 63.8 % 54 - AI 58 - AT 125% Sejahtera

TFF’s evaluation was scored from a single felling coupe. In order to evaluate whether this training had been adopted and applied throughout the company, a sample of operators, planners, and surveyors were interviewed. Additional forest blocks where RIL was implemented were visited by the LESTARI team. The rapid audit showed that RIL is now being implemented throughout the annual logging block in all felling coupes (100%) in PT. WMT and in 60% in PT. SMS, but with a willingness to expand to 100% if human resources allow. This exceeds original planned implementation (where PT. SMS planned to implement RIL in a proportion of coupes).

Overall, the greatest gains were seen in PT. SMS which had not had RIL training previously. There remain issues with measuring the reduced emissions of RIL operations and implementation of an effective and simple methodology for implementation at the company level. It will also be important to measure and document the impact of implementing RIL on financial aspects (i.e., costs, revenue, productivity), which would provide incentive for company management to continue to adhere to RIL practices.

LESTARI also completed assistance to another logging company in the form of High Conservation Value (HCV) management and monitoring training. During USAID IFACS, a conservation management and monitoring plan (CMMP) was produced for PT. Bina Balantak Utama (BBU), a concession area that covers nearly 300,000 hectares of natural forest. While management recommendations were carried out, monitoring HCV was difficult for the company to implement due to lack of capacity in this new field. HCV monitoring consists of 3 monitoring aspects: 1) recording which management recommendations were implemented (compliance monitoring), 2) measuring the impact of those management actions on HCV (whether the HCV have been enhanced or not), and 3) recording new threats to HCV that may trigger new or adapted management of HCV protection. The overall objective of this partnership is to improve the management of the concession regarding environmental safeguards and community engagement – both requirements for FSC certification.

Based on the CMMP and other HCV documents held by the company, the LESTARI team developed a simple monitoring matrix and methodology for the company and trained staff and community members that involved participatory monitoring and mapping for HCV 5 and 6 (community needs and cultural identity). In addition, LESTARI adapted the Forest Integrity Assessment (FIA) methodology (developed by the High Conservation Value Resource Network for effective and efficient self-monitoring by companies) and trained BBU staff in its use. This methodology monitors HCV 1-4 (rare, threatened and endemic species, intact landscape mosaics, rare habitats, and environmental services), and the adaptation makes the FIA suitable for Papuan forests.

Results showed that HCVs in the concession are being maintained. Threats to biodiversity from logging are not high and poaching is negligible. Fragmentation of the forest through development of logging roads has a reversible impact of landscape scale forest mosaics and

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rare habitats are not impacted by logging. Water quality and quantity is being maintained and not affecting downstream communities. The priority management approach that needs to be maintained throughout the concession is RIL. Logging activities have been implemented very close to culturally significant areas, but thus far damage has been avoided through community engagement before logging took place. This has highlighted the need for improved community engagement and participatory mapping of important areas for community needs before felling to avoid potential conflicts.

BBU has committed to implement FIA on a routine basis in the future, and pledged budgets to support this monitoring using this approach. LESTARI will follow up with adapting the monitoring and standard operating procedures and potentially expanding this approach through other Kayu Lapis Indonesia group companies, including PT. Dyadiani Timber and PT. Sarmiento Parakantja Timber that overlap in Lorentz and Katingan-Kahayan Landscape, respectively.

LESTARI will not plan additional activities in the Sarmi landscape in Year 4, but will monitor maintenance of improved management within the 3 timber companies throughout the remainder of the project.

Timber Concession Partner (HPH) Area (ha) Year 3 Results

PT. Wapoga Mutiara Timber 130,755 All RIL-C training as been completed by TFF. RIL-C methodology has been adopted and will PT. Salaki Mandiri Sejahtera 79,130 be implemented in full in the future.

HCV Monitoring has been completed and future monitoring of important places for PT. Bina Balantak Utama 297,000 biodiversity, environmental services and socio- cultural need has been pledged.

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Cyclops Landscape

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FIELD ACTIVITIES IN P A C I F I C O C E A N CYCLOPS LANDSCAPE OCTOBER 2017 - SEPTEMBER 2018

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0 Kabupaten Boundary ' ' 5 5 W A I B U 3 3 ° ° Road 2 2 Abepura River Hilir Kampwolker Conservation Area SE NTAN I L A KE H E R A M Cyclops Operational Landscape YO U TE FA GU L F Smart Patrol Area ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! E B U N G FA U ! ! ! ! ! ! Natural Resources Village Mapping ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Proposed Indigenous forest ! ! ! ! ! ! S E N TA N I T I M U R Ecotourism development P A P U A K E M T U K A B E P U R A Agroforestry Source : Compile of LESTARI activities data Forest cover S during October 2017 - September 2018 " 0 '

0 Sources: Esri, GEBCO, NOAA, National Geographic, Garmin, HERE, Geonames.org, and other contributors 4 ° 2 140°25'0"E 140°30'0"E 140°35'0"E 140°40'0"E 140°45'0"E

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Landscape Profile The Cyclops Landscape in northern Papua is the smallest LESTARI Landscape (47,000 ha) but nevertheless rich in forest and biodiversity resources and a potential model for promoting good environmental governance for Papua Province. The large population centers in nearby Jayapura and Sentani depend directly upon Cyclops’ forests for their water supply. However, the mountain range is under increasing threat from illegal logging, charcoal making, wildlife poaching, and encroachment in forested areas for agricultural land by mountain communities migrating to the capital and local communities alike. Such land use transitions, especially adjacent to the urban arc of Sentani through to Jayapura are responsible for increased land- based GHG emissions and, importantly, the loss of ecosystem services such as the stable flow of water supplies and erosion control. The core of the landscape is defined by the remaining forest within and surrounding the nature reserve. Areas bordering the buffer zone to the reserve are also part of the landscape.

The overall vision for this landscape is to reduce deforestation and degradation of Cyclops Nature Reserve through improved co-management of the CA and sustainable livelihood development. Year 3 Progress Initiative 1: Co-management and sustainable livelihoods As with other Conservation Area support through LESTARI, the Cyclops Nature Reserve has seen an increase in management effectiveness score over the last 2 years as measured by METT. LESTARI continued to provide support for improving the management of the Cyclops Nature Reserve with activities directly informed by METT evaluation to fill gaps that remained in management effectiveness.

LESTARI continued its support for Cyclops protection with BBKSDA Papua, focusing on a biodiversity inventory and SMART patrols in Cyclops Nature Reserve. SMART patrols involve local communities (MMP, Masyarakat Mitra Polhut), and are viewed by partners as a valuable tool contributing to the reduction in overall threats to the conservation area. BBKSDA have expanded the MMP to Tepera traditional community area (now 5 traditional areas surrounding the Cyclops are involved in SMART). The patrols have been running routinely and incorporated with joint patrols run by BBKSDA Papua. LESTARI has demonstrated that SMART patrols are successful in reducing illegal activities within protected areas in LESTARI landscapes. However, their future sustainability has often been questioned as they require significant budgets to implement.

Evaluation of SMART patrols was combined with training on drone use to monitor the forest in areas at high risk of illegal activities. An evaluation of these patrols was conducted using satellite imagery, which showed no deforestation or degradation occurring over 2015-2017 compared to an average of 64 hectares per year over the baseline period of 1990-2012. Based on outputs from LESTARI-supported activities that have improved management of the nature reserve (as measured by METT), BBKSDA now receives USD 31,000 in funding from the national budget to carry out routine SMART patrols together with other local authorities. This allocation for patrols from the national budget moves SMART closer to sustainability and demonstrates the Government of Indonesia’s commitment for investing in effective, targeted conservation activities in key protected areas. Two village regulations related to Natural Resource Protection at Cyclops have now been facilitated and together with RPJM Kampung will include potential funding for monitoring traditional forest areas.

LESTARI provided training in wildlife monitoring in Cyclops Nature Reserve for BSKDA staff and Community Forest Rangers (MMP) and included the use of camera traps and bird and reptile survey methodology. This was followed by a 9-day biodiversity monitoring survey that

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confirmed that the forest is still in good condition in the interior of the reserve, and the importance of the reserve in supporting high levels of biodiversity. 88 species of birds, 11 species of mammals (including forest wallabies and tree kangaroos), and 24 species of herpetofauna (including a potentially new and undiscovered frog species) were recorded. Importantly, the biodiversity survey and results of this amazing natural resource so close to the provincial capital, inspired the local community and MMP to further protect their traditional areas within and outside the reserve from encroachment, illegal charcoal making, and hunting.

LESTARI has been implementing a sustainable vanilla initiative in the Cyclops Landscape through collaboration with USAID’s Sustainable Cooperative Agreement Alliance (SCAA) and its implementer, the National Cooperative Business Association (NCBA), also a U.S.- based farming cooperative. The initiative aims to improve local livelihoods while incentivizing migrant farmers to relocate illegal agricultural practices to areas located outside of the nature reserve. During this year, activities continued to focus on scaling up the vanilla initiative in a larger buffer zone area around Cyclops. Additional locations in Jayapura Utara and Sentani Barat have been selected for the activities with support from BKSDA and the Forestry Office. To date, 175 farmers have received trainings on vanilla agroforestry and co-management implementation. The LESTARI team is also continuing to work with NCBA to recruit a larger number of communities to partner in this initiative. Starting next year, the activity of LESTARI team will be handed over to LESTARI’s grantee, PUSSDAE (a local institute from the University of Cendrawasih).

Figure 24. Training in vanilla cultivation for farmers outside Cyclops Nature Reserve

To ensure sustainability and leveraged funding for this approach, LESTARI has advocated for support through district and provincial development plans. The LESTARI team also provided support for the development of a concept note for an ecotourism master plan with BKSDA and local community. BKSDA is leading the initiative and LESTARI is providing technical review when needed. Currently the survey for gathering data has been conducted by BKSDA, and the initial concept note is being discussed with key stakeholders.

In order to facilitate improved co-management in conserving Cyclops Nature Reserve, LESTARI is facilitating a series of dialogues on stakeholder roles. This has begun with community dialogues in Moi (September 3-4) and Sentani (September 17) and will continue for the other indigenous tribal groupings (Dewan Adat Suku) surrounding Cyclops. These community dialogues serve to spread awareness and consolidate inputs from communities, which will then be followed up with a larger multi-stakeholder event bringing together provincial and government agencies, BKSDA, and local communities. The expected result is improved clarity on roles and responsibilities, and increased government support to respond to identified community needs and roles. LESTARI also facilitated the involvement of two community members in a 4-day training on FPIC, in a collaboration with USAID MAJU, in

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order to reinforce community understanding of their rights with respect to development in their village regions.

Water is the ‘blue thread’ that can catalyze commitment for conservation. In Cyclops landscape, large population centers in Jayapura and Sentani depend on the forests of Cyclops Nature Reserve for their freshwater supply. LESTARI supported a series of World Water Day events in March 2018 to raise awareness about the importance of protecting the Cyclops Nature Reserve for securing the freshwater supply for the 300,000 inhabitants of Jayapura. Specifically, LESTARI successfully advocated to the Jayapura District Head to include Cyclops protection in the framing of World Water Day celebrations which were initially only oriented towards protection of Lake Sentani. LESTARI supported a hydrological analysis which provided evidence for the importance of protecting the forests in Cyclops Nature Reserve as the source of Jayapura’s water supply. The results were used at a government-led seminar leading to science-based recommendations related to forest protection of Cyclops from encroachment, rehabilitating damaged areas, and engaging and empowering local customary communities. PSAs via radio (read by the Jayapura Bupati) and local newspapers were aired in the two weeks leading up to World Water Day to publicize key messages as well as the upcoming events. Interactive radio dialogues were held to further spread awareness.

This culminated in a 2-day awareness raising event organized by LESTARI sub-contractor INFIS-Mongabay for youth advocacy. The event involved artwork and dance, a public interactive dialogue on future of Cyclops with government stakeholders (Bupati’s office, Water Board, and MRP (Majelis Rakyat Papua) representing Papuan adat communities) and screening of films made by members of local traditional communities surrounding Cyclops (Moi, Dofonsolo, Sentani, Imbi Numbai). Short videos presented topics of concern and continue to be used for advocacy efforts. In total, the events significantly raised the profile of Cyclops forest protection, linking it to the issue of water supply, substantial youth engagement via the public event, inter-agency government interaction on formulating solutions for Cyclops, and a public declaration for collaborative management to protect Lake Sentani’s water resources on March 22.

Figure 25. Sharing the message of the importance of protecting Cyclops Nature Reserve during World Water Day in Jayapura, March 22, 2018

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Incentivizing Conservation through Vanilla Cultivation: A Success Story from Cyclops

Yustinus Taimi is a native of Sentani and vanilla farmer living at the foot of Cyclops Nature Reserve in the Toladan region, Sentani City. He is also a volunteer at the local Nature Conservation Agency. He conducts independent patrols within the buffer zone forest area and helps to drive illegal encroachers away from the nature reserve. He understands that the forests of Cyclops provide the freshwater supply for the residents of Sentani City.

Yustinus also uses vanilla cultivation as a means to influence the youth to care about the environment while at the same time offering the opportunity to generate financial benefits. The vanilla vine is a climbing orchid that produces valuable vanilla pods. Because of its vine-like characteristics, it requires a pole or other plant to wrap its branches around. Hence it is considered suitable to be developed in abandoned agricultural land located within the buffer zone area of Cyclops Nature Reserve. It does not require any land clearing activities, as it simply makes use of existing plants or trees.

Yustinus introduced 10 of his family members, all of whom are students, to this vanilla initiative supported by LESTARI and NCBA. They joined a training delivered by NCBA in basic gardening and vanilla cultivation techniques. Subsequently, they began planting in a 12-hectare plot of land that belongs to Yustinus’s family located in the Cyclops buffer zone region. In addition to vanilla, they have planted the gamal tree, a fast-growing species, to be used as a stake to enable the vanilla plant to grow. With the current price of unprocessed vanilla beans at around IDR 700,000 (~USD 46) per kilogram, this is expected to bring significant financial benefits. Just as importantly, it has demonstrated that the communities here do not need to cut down trees and clear land in order to fulfill their daily needs. Yustinus is confident that he can convince others in the community to engage in such sustainable land use practices that contribute to protecting Cyclops Nature Reserve.

Figure 26. Yustinus Taimi and his family’s vanilla garden; buffer zone area of Cyclops Nature Reserve

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Challenges and Opportunities in Papua Landscapes ● For most effective implementation of the SIMTARU database and the SST tool, concession data needs to be regularly updated and uploaded into SIMTARU by sectoral agencies (such as mining, forestry, plantations). Efforts to achieve this include collaboration with civil society (especially for uploading traditional community maps that has not been done to date), the Information Commission, and the Sustainable Development Forum to continue to seek solutions to this issue. The involvement of the KPK and its emphasis on land use licensing governance is an opportunity here for external advocacy pressure.

● Stronger working relationship between Bappeda and NGOs (users of SIMTARU and SST) should result in feedback and grievances to Bappeda on needed improvements. However, as yet there is no grievance mechanism of SOP to deal with issues that arise through multi-stakeholder use of SIMTARU / SST.

● There has been some lack of political will to maximize the potential of SIMTARU and SST in reviewing permits and enabling public participating in ongoing monitoring of land use. LESTARI seeks to ensure that the SIMTARU and SST can play an optimal role in the operationalization of the KPK Action Plans, in order to support reviews of land use permits, and support transparency and public monitoring of spatial planning and permit information. LESTARI supports Bappeda and other agencies via the development of tools such as SIMTARU and SST. As implementation of the Action Plan progresses, LESTARI and other donors need to be careful to be perceived in a supporting role not a driving role. The UKCCU via the Asia Foundation supports civil society advocacy by assisting local NGOs to engage on issues of permits and spatial planning monitoring. LESTARI is actively engaging with Bappeda, WRI/ICRAF, UKCCU and the Asia Foundation to strategize how to move this agenda forwards, considering political sensitivities and ensuring Bappeda remains in a leading role.

● Papua provincial initiatives did not have a significant impact on landscape results during Year 3 due to differing priorities. During the remainder of the project, much closer collaboration will be fostered through spatial plan review that are happening synchronously at the Provincial and District levels (Bouven Digoel, Mappi and Mimika), and emphasis on ensuring that SEA recommendations result in provincial strategic plans and budgets that impact the landscapes (such as proper funding for FMUs and Forestry Branch Offices).

● Work on improving forest management through a FMU pilot was not initiated as there was no clear political will at the provincial level with confusion about the different role between FMUs and Forestry Branch Offices (Cabang Dinas Kehutanan). Priority FMUs were identified by the Provincial Forestry Agency in May, with FMU VI and LIII falling within LESTARI landscapes. Initiatives to improve management of these FMUs is planned for Year 4.

● In Lorentz Lowlands and Mappi-Bouven Digoel Landscapes, the spatial plan is under review during the same time frame as that at the province. This provides opportunities to work at the district and provincial level to ensure alignment with clear and robust justifications for addition protection of forests and peat lands in the landscapes.

● The Sustainable Landscape Approach being developed in Bouven Digoel has been advocated at the provincial level. The head of Environmental Agency (BLH) was receptive of a process that can ensure multi-stakeholder buy-in for investments in Papua and be implemented before an environmental permit (Ijin Lingkungan such as AMDAL or UKL/UPL) is issued.

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● The passing of Presidential Instruction 8/2018 on Delaying and Evaluating Oil Palm Permits and Increasing Productivity of Oil Palm Plantations could be an opportunity for LESTARI to support provincial and district governments in Papua to use SIMTARU and SST to review existing oil palm permits. This would also line up well with Asia Foundation efforts and the Review of the spatial plan which is getting underway. Boven Digoel District has already expressed interest in reviewing permits and strengthening local policies requiring stronger accountability in company- community agreements for land acquisition, as well as sustainable landscape planning. In Q1 LESTARI will approach local governments and monitor early implementation of the Presidential Instruction.

● Logistics remain difficult in reaching Boven Digoel, Mappi and Asmat Districts, and local governments in these remote districts have high rates of absenteeism (being out of district on trips) and often change the scheduling of events at the last minute. These factors combine to cause delays in various LESTARI activities and technical assistance processes. LESTARI remains focused on channeling significant support to these districts in order to achieve landscape targets, but must continue to deal with this unpredictability.

● LESTARI has made use of an emerging opportunity to engage the private sector in improving conservation within an oil palm concession, in Mimika District. PT PAL (NOBLE group) is conducting an HCV analysis for their concession. PT PAL is interested in obtaining RSPO and ISPO certification and is thus interested in allocating funds to conservation activities and environmental monitoring. HCV consultants were directed by Mimika's MSF to consult with LESTARI staff for input on the HCV study, and the opportunity was used to recommend integration of the HCV with findings from Mimika's ongoing SEA revision. Thus far PT PAL has agreed to allocate 50% of their 38,000 ha concession for HCV conservation and support the formation of a multi-stakeholder HCV monitoring team that includes representation from the Mimika MSF, providing opportunities to improve the Mimika government's monitoring of deforestation by the private sector. Priorities in Papua Landscapes for Year 4 ● Finalize provincial SEA RPJMD and secure recommendations in the mid-term and strategic plans.

● Institutionalize SST/SIMTARU for improved licensing and permitting at the provincial level, including support to CSOs in its use and ownership to produce grievance reports on zonation, licensing, and permitting that the government can act upon.

● Develop co-management agreements for improved forest and mangrove management in 7 priority areas in Lorentz Lowlands Landscape.

● Support rationalization of land use and integrate conservation and sustainable development through the spatial plan review and revision process through the SEA in the districts of Mappi and Bouven Digoel.

● Continue to provide support for improving the management of the Cyclops Nature Reserve with activities directly informed by METT evaluation to fill gaps that remain and maintain progress already accomplished.

● Continue aggressive communications strategy advocating the conservation of forests and LEDS capitalizing on prominent events in the landscape emphasizing freshwater resource services.

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GENDER INTEGRATION

In the design and implementation of project activities, the LESTARI team strives to recognize and address gender gaps. These often include an information gap, in which women have less access to information and training opportunities, and an economic gap, in which women have fewer economic opportunities than men. Meaningful integration of gender needs to consider women’s roles and responsibilities in livelihoods, ensure access to opportunities and services, while also enabling women’s voices in decision-making opportunities. LESTARI gender integration activities involve capacity building for landscape staff and partners, gender trainings for women champions, and implementing gender-responsive livelihood programs through grantees.

The gender-responsive livelihood program consists of: coffee agroforestry (7 women famer groups with 5-15 individuals per group) and sustainable cacao (42 women farmers) in Leuser Landscape, and rubber-based livelihood support (20 female farmers) and social forestry (150 individuals) in Katingan-Kahayan Landscape.

During Year 3, a total of 236,860 women were reached and received benefit from various trainings, capacity building, and awareness-raising activities facilitated by LESTARI. The number of women reached through LESTARI activities is still lower than the number of men engaged within the same period. However, quantitatively, the figure continued to exceed the 30% minimum target for women participation in LESTARI programs and activities. Compared to Year 2 (33%), the overall involvement of women in Year 3 (42%) LESTARI interventions represents a significant improvement.

Number of People Project Indicators (Y3) Women Men

#8: Number of champions engaged in advocacy interventions 45 175

#9: Number of people reached by LESTARI communication programs to improve awareness and understanding of LEDS and Biodiversity 67,176 91,720 Conservation #12: Number of people receiving USG supported training in natural 822 2579 resources management and/or biodiversity conservation

#14: Number of people receiving livelihood co-benefits (monetary or 8,267 11,892 non-monetary)

Total 76,310 106,366

Percentage 41.8% 58.2%

In Papua, LESTARI continued to integrate a gender-responsive approach into the project by holding a Gender and Advocacy Workshop for staff in the Lorentz Lowlands Landscape in the second quarter. This was attended by 24 staff (14 men and 10 women). Participants were equipped with skills to integrate a gender-responsive approach to organize communities and initiate advocacy efforts. A number of activity workplans were revised in order to strengthen gender aspects.

In addition, a Gender Integration Workshop was also held in Mimika with participants (6 men and 15 women) representing CSOs, private sector, and community champions. As these

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invitees were existing and potential MSF members (which also includes representatives of the Forestry Office and Bappeda), the workshop aimed to increase the capacity of participants to understand gender-related inequalities in their communities as they relate to natural resource access and use. The workshop involved discussion on how MSF members can be more active in advocating for more gender inclusive policies and programs, and resulted in more inclusiveness in MSF activities (especially from local adat organizations, NGOs and the private sector) in order to gain a balanced gender perspective on environmental issues. There has been a marked improvement of gender balance in MSF meetings as indicated by a doubling of women’s involvement in MSF activities. Also, local NGO LEMAKSO have begun involving their women champions in village development planning in Lorentz National Park, and sago forest conservation for food security has been championed by the Catholic Church – sago is processed by women, and security of access to the resource promoted.

In Aceh, LESTARI delivered a series of capacity building activities aiming to build women constituents for conservation. To achieve that, the LESTARI team conducted two trainings, two mentoring and coaching activities, and two network meetings from October 2017 to September 2018. As a result, a network of 22 women communicators, entitled Perempuan Peduli Leuser (PPL), has been developed. PPL has been using media actively to raise their voices about the importance of gender-responsive forest policies and regulations. PPL has developed various communication, information, and educational materials to inform the local public about conservation issues, one of which was by staging a street campaign during a Car-Free Day event in Banda Aceh on the September 16, 2018. The capacity building activities have resulted in some of the PPL members becoming active in organizing youth members in their villages and districts to monitor environmental problems (e.g., impact of illegal mining in Aceh Selatan); building collaboration with other local NGO such as WWF and Tiger Heart to deliver campaigns; and participating in public discussion and policy making processes, such as SEA public consultation meetings in Gayo Lues and Aceh Barat Daya Districts.

During public consultation meetings, PPL members voiced their concerns about the impact of lemongrass cultivation on a forest ecosystem (land clearing and landslides). The Gayo Lues District government accommodated these concerns and incorporated three mitigation actions into their RPJMD: 1) shift the use of wood as fuel for lemongrass distillation into renewable energy such as micro hydro, 2) emphasize land intensification, and 3) prohibit local farmers to cultivate lemongrass in protected forest and critical areas.

Figure 27. PPL capacity building training in February 2018; Biodiversity conservation campaign led by PPL in September 2018

In the Year 4, LESTARI will still continue to strengthen grantee and staff capacities to ensure that all program activities thoroughly address gender issues. Progress will be reported in quarterly and annual reports.

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GRANTS FUND

LESTARI employs a Grants under Contract (GUC) program that supports project objectives, leverages funding from other non-USG resources, and builds the capacity of local partners. The full procedure for the selection of grantees is detailed in the LESTARI Grants Management Plan, approved on November 12, 2015 by USAID.

At the end of Year 3, the Grants Program has 10 active grants under implementation in Leuser and Katingan-Kahayan Landscapes. Details of the Year 3 progress for each Grantee is integrated within the relevant landscapes sections of this report. The matrices below summarize key information for the entire LESTARI Grants Program.

Grant Grantee/Lead Grantee Landscape Focus Status G-001 Katingan- Communications & Save Our Borneo (SOB) Completed RFA-001 Kahayan advocacy Yayasan Orangutan Species Completed, G-002 Sumatera Lestari- Leuser conservation; co- follow-on under RFA-002 Orangutan Information management preparation Centre (YOSL-OIC) Borneo Orangutan Ongoing under G-003 Katingan- Species Survival Foundation No Cost RFA-003 Kahayan conservation (BOSF) Extension Co-management; Ongoing under G-004 Forum Pala Aceh Leuser sustainable No Cost RFA-004 (Forpala) livelihoods Extension Co-management; Ongoing, cost G-005 Inprosula Leuser sustainable extension under RFA-004 livelihoods preparation Co-management; G-006 Yayasan Tambuhak Katingan- sustainable Ongoing RFA-004 Sinta (YTS) Kahayan livelihoods Co-management; Completed, G-007 Yayasan Javlec Leuser sustainable closeout in RFA-004 Indonesia (Javlec) livelihoods process Co-management; G-008 Atjeh International Leuser sustainable Ongoing RFA-004 Development (AID) livelihoods Co-management; G-009 Kahayan- KARSA sustainable Ongoing RFA-004 Katingan livelihoods Co-management; G-010 Aceh Green Community Leuser sustainable Ongoing RFA-004 (AGC) livelihoods Yayasan Ekosistem Leuser – Co-management; G-011 Leuser dan Southeast sustainable Ongoing RFA-004 Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Aceh livelihoods Daerah (YELPED) Veterinary Society for Species G-012 Sumatran Wildlife Leuser conservation and Ongoing RFA-006 Conservation habitat protection (VESSWIC) Co-management; G-013 Forum Konservasi Leuser - sustainable Ongoing RFA-004 Leuser (FKL) Kutacane livelihoods

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KATINGAN-KAHAYAN LANDSCAPE No. Grant No. Grantee Grant Value Start Date End Date

1 G-003 Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation (BOSF) IDR 2,999,053,694 USD 220,519 1-Aug-16 31-Jul-18

2 G-006 Yayasan Tambuhak Sinta (YTS) IDR 1,939,643,000 USD 146,942 1-Feb-17 31-Jan-19

3 G-009 Lingkar Pembaruan Desa dan Agraria (KARSA) IDR 1,944,340,000 USD145,643 5-Jun-17 4-Jun-19

Total Committed IDR 7,125,211,094 USD 531,044

Total Active Grants IDR 6,883,036,694 USD 513,104

Total Closed Grants IDR 242,174,400 USD 17,940

Under RFA and Procurement IDR 0 USD 0

LEUSER LANDSCAPE No. Grant No. Grantee Grant Value Start Date End Date

1 G-004 Forum Pala Aceh (FORPALA) IDR 1,921,816,500 USD 148,690 22-Nov-16 21-Aug-18

2 G-005 Institute for Promotion of Sustainable Livelihood (INPROSULA) IDR 1,877,962,000 USD 144,015 27-Mar-16 26-Nov-18

3 G-008 Atjech International Development (AID) IDR 1,973,474,000 USD 148,048 7-Feb-17 6-Feb-19

4 G-010 Aceh Green Community (AGC) IDR 1,971,281,000 USD 147,662 22-May-17 21-Jan-19

Yayasan Ekosistem Leuser dan Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Daerah 5 G-011 IDR 1,992,781,000 USD 148,715 19-Feb-18 18-Aug-19 (YELPED)

6 G-012 Veterinary Society for Sumatran Wildlife Conservation (VESSWIC) IDR 2,467,573,000 USD 182,919 3-Apr-18 2-Oct-19

7 G-013 Forum Konservasi Leuser (FKL) IDR 1,997,378,000 USD 145,247 31-May-18 30-May-20

Total Committed IDR 18,127,519,450 USD 1,360,239

Total Active Grants IDR 14,202,265,500 USD 1,065,296

Total Closed Grants IDR 3,925,253,950 USD 294,943

Under RFA and Procurement IDR 8,488,226,400 USD 564,066

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LORENTZ LOWLANDS & CYCLOPS LANDSCAPES

Total Committed IDR 0 USD 0

Total Active Grants IDR 0 USD 0

Total Closed Grants IDR 0 USD 0

Under RFA and Procurement IDR 3,286,487,142 USD 218,371

ALL LANDSCAPES

Total Committed IDR 25,252,730,544 USD 1,891,283 52.5%

Total Active Grants IDR 21,085,302,194 USD 1,578,400 43.8%

Total Closed Grants IDR 4,167,428,350 USD 312,883 8.7%

Under RFA and Procurement IDR 11,774,713,542 USD 782,438 21.7%

Grand Total as of 9/30/18 IDR 37,027,444,086 USD 2,673,720 74.3%

Grants Under Contract CLIN Value USD 3,600,000 100.0%

Programmable USD 926,280 25.7%

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PROJECT MANAGEMENT, COORDINATION, AND COMMUNICATIONS MANAGEMENT AND COORDINATION LESTARI implements a Collaborating, Learning, and Adapting (CLA) management model that, together with Theories of Change, continuously tests underlying assumptions based on evidence and makes adjustments in order to ensure project activities lead to measurable impact for improved forest and land use governance, sustainable forest management, biodiversity and key species conservation, and broad-based constituencies for conservation.

LESTARI engages routinely with USAID as well as with GOI partners at both the provincial/district and national levels. To promote efficiency and scale up impact, LESTARI prioritizes coordination with other USAID and USG-supported terrestrial biodiversity projects, especially BIJAK, impacting LESTARI’s landscapes. Project management and coordination highlights from Year 3 include the following:

● The LESTARI team conducted regular coordination meetings with relevant DGs in KLHK on aligning LESTARI support with KLHK priorities for FMUs, spatial planning, social forestry, conservation area management, reduced impact logging, and public communications.

● LESTARI routinely engaged with GOI and CSO partners at the landscape levels to ensure LESTARI clearly supports priorities of mutual interest.

● The LESTARI team coordinated regularly with BIJAK on ways that national-level policy support can complement LESTARI’s landscape-level work on social forestry, FMU strengthening, SEAs, national park management, amongst others. One example of emerging collaboration and coordination was the Situation Room (SitRoom) initiative brought to Indonesia by BIJAK and to be potentially trialed in the LESTARI landscape protected areas.

● A Mid-Term Evaluation (MTE) was conducted in November-December. The LESTARI team coordinated with the MTE team by holding discussions, sharing key project reports, and assisting in field visits. The findings and recommendations were incorporated into the Year 4 Work Plan to ensure the project remains on track to meet its targets.

● The LESTARI Year 4 Work Plan was developed by the LESTARI team and partners following a series of partner consultations and then a workshop in Jakarta in August 2018. The workshop was led by LESTARI senior management and technical staff and included field staff from Aceh, Central Kalimantan, and Papua landscapes, and USAID. The workshop involved a review of progress to date and Year 4 targets, and the development of detailed landscape activities designed to meet these targets. The overall approach centers on orienting activities towards greater amplification and sustainability so that their impact continues to persist beyond LESTARI.

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● A Knowledge Management STTA was mobilized to assist the LESTARI team with improving knowledge management processes for greater partner uptake and sustainability of LESTARI models. The overall recommendations are for staff and partners, heading into the final two years, to focus on how LESTARI should develop ownership and mobilize resources for activities and landscape initiatives. This should include: 1) more effective partner engagement, 2) advocacy to influence political willpower, and 3) strategy for mobilizing financial resources. These findings were incorporated into Year 4 Work Plan development.

● The LESTARI Communications Strategy was finalized and approved by USAID. The document clarifies LESTARI’s approach to communications and includes a comprehensive branding, marking, and approvals matrix for each communications product, in line with ADS 320.

● LESTARI compiled and inputted training data into the USAID's official training data management system (TraiNet) for all trainings through direct implementation, subcontractors, and grants since the start of the project until the end of September of 2018. A total of 127 trainings (16+ hours) were participated by 6,858 people (5,613 male; 1,245 female) over period 2015-2018. In addition, LESTARI reported 4 participants who came to the United States on a study tour via a USAID J-1 visa.

● LESTARI reported on its Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan (EMMP) for Year 1 and 2. No negative impacts on the environment were noted through the high- level monitoring. As the structure of the work plan was significantly revised to focus on landscape initiatives, a revised EMMP was drafted and approved for Year 3 activities. Reporting on the Year 3 EMMP outcomes, including identified environmental impacts, mitigation measures, and monitoring indicators, will be submitted separately from this AR.

● LESTARI facilitated site visits for USAID in order to meet local government and community partners, observe progress, and discuss challenges and opportunities at the landscape level. Key site visits were conducted in the Leuser, Cyclops, Katingan- Kahayan Landscapes and included the USAID/Indonesia Mission Director, Acting Mission Director, and Environment Office Director.

● LESTARI shared project activities and achievements during a USAID/Indonesia event for a U.S. Congressional Delegation visit to Jakarta in May 2018.

● Regular communications were held with USAID through weekly meetings, field visits, and other meetings as necessary. Subcontractors and grantees were given the opportunity to share their work directly with USAID through presentations at the mission.

● Senior management and technical team conducted support visits to landscapes, including implementation of a policy requiring senior technical staff to spend a minimum of two weeks per month working in the landscapes to support and mentor LESTARI staff and partners in relevant sustainable landscapes and biodiversity conservation work.

● LESTARI senior management conducted regular engagement and coordination with LESTARI subcontractors to ensure efficiency and effectiveness of technical support to the project.

● Regular senior management meetings were held each Monday morning in Jakarta including senior staff and open to other technical staff and subcontractors, to ensure coherence and impact of LESTARI work.

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Personnel The LESTARI management team recruited necessary LTTA and STTA personnel in order to achieve project results in a cost-efficient and effective manner. throughout Year 3 and is summarized in the following table.

YEAR 3 PERSONNEL MOBILIZED LTTA Title Office Base Contract Status Landscape Monitoring & Evaluation Specialist Palangka Raya Dec 3, 2018

Landscape Finance & Grants Officer Tapaktuan Dec 10, 2018

Landscape Grants Coordinator Palangka Raya Jan 14, 2019

Landscape Stakeholder Engagement Coordinator Kutacane Apr 15, 2019

Grants Administrative Officer Jakarta May 1, 2019

Landscape Stakeholder Engagement Coordinator Gunung Mas Jul 25, 2019 STTA Title Office Base Contract Status Forest Zonation and GIS Specialist Jakarta Completed Socio-cultural & Related Land Use Specialist Jayapura Completed SEA Specialist for Spatial Planning Review Jakarta Completed FPIC Specialist Jakarta Nov 15, 2018 Economic Resource Valuation Specialist Jakarta Dec 31, 2018 SEA Expert, Coordinator and Lead Writer Jakarta Dec 31, 2018 Natural Disaster Specialist Jayapura Dec 31, 2018 Socio-cultural & Related Land Use Specialist Jayapura Dec 31, 2018 Forestry Business Development Specialist Jakarta Jan 3, 2019 Administrative Assistant for Terrestrial Biodiversity Program Jakarta Aug 19, 2019 Knowledge Management Specialist Jakarta Aug 31, 2019 Sustainability Screening Tool (SST) Development & Banda Aceh Aug 31, 2019 Stakeholder Engagement Specialist COMMUNICATIONS Throughout Year 3, the LESTARI Communications team continued to produce and strategically disseminate communication products in coordination with the LESTARI technical team. This was aimed at awareness-raising and advocacy purposes, as well as sharing project impacts, challenges, and successes. Project communications documents were shared with USAID, KLHK, BAPPENAS, local government, and subcontractor partners via email blast. These documents were also posted to the LESTARI website, which can be accessed at: www.lestari-indonesia.org/. Other project communications materials such as factsheets, infographics, posters, and briefs were produced through coordination with the technical team and utilized during field level engagements with key stakeholders (local and national government, CSOs, youth groups, NGOs, academia private sector, and other donors). All LESTARI project documents, technical assessments, and communications materials continued to be produced in compliance with USAID branding and marking guidelines as outlined in ADS 320.

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LESTARI collaborated closely with USAID/Indonesia to develop an Integrated Communications Strategy to guide all project communications and communications for advocacy work. The document clearly explains the communications objectives and approaches undertaken, helps the LESTARI team to reflect and strategize in order to ensure the achievement of targets and long-term impact, and facilitates smooth coordination and approval with USAID. It includes a matrix on branding and marking of products in line with ADS 320. USAID approved this document in August 2018. It has been shared and discussed with all landscape level communications staff.

LESTARI’s media advocacy and outreach work in Year 3 focused on utilizing various media tools and channels to raise awareness of conservation issues, build constituents for conservation, encourage a call to action and help shape public discussion in regards to environmental governance. The impact of this work in in Year 3 included:

1. Strong public outreach and enhanced public knowledge on forest protection and biodiversity conservation issues. LESTARI has developed consistent engagement with media outlets in an attempt to inform and raise public awareness and knowledge on environmental news. In Year 3, 136 articles (Aceh – 89, Central Kalimantan – 25, Papua – 22) were published through collaboration with subcontractor INFIS/Mongabay Indonesia. The three most-read articles discussed the issues of wildlife poaching and conservation, forest policies and governance, and community champions. Articles disseminated through Twitter engaged 7,961 users, while articles published through Facebook managed to attract 14,733 readers who reacted to the posts and 1,727 users who left comments. The articles were read by 66,998 website visitors. In addition, several short videos were used as a supporting awareness-raising and advocacy tool. 14 videos have been published while 28 others are being finalized. Details of the content and numbers of views of these articles and videos are presented in the matrices in Appendix 3.

2. Strengthened partnership with national and local media resulting in improved capacities of journalists to monitor forest governance. LESTARI engaged closely with 20 media outlets in all landscapes through capacity building and partnership activities, resulting in 127 articles published.

Aceh Central Kalimantan Papua Media Number of Media Number of Media Number of channel news items channel news items channel news items Klikkabar.com 2 Borneo News 22 Papua Pos 1 Kompas 10 Kompas 10 Kompas 1 Antara Pesona Goaceh.com 4 14 1 Palangkaraya Papua Acehtrend.co 2 Kalteng Pos 3 Kabar Papua 5 Antara News 7 Tribun 3 Lintas Papua 2 Portal Satu 7 Prokal.co 2 Antara Papua 3 Serambi 14 Jubi 7 Cenderawasih Lintas Gayo 2 1 Pos Aceh Tribun 4 52 54 21

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In addition, LESTARI team member WCS facilitated media coverage of illegal wildlife poaching/trafficking cases with the aim to broaden the deterrent on perpetrators and raise awareness with the public. A total of 182 news items were published in print and electronic media (111 national media, 71 local media). These news reports are all related to cases where the LESTARI-supported WCU teams assisted in the process of investigation. Note that LESTARI/WCS are not mentioned due to the clandestine nature of these investigations. Links are provided in the matrices in Appendix 3.

Throughout Year 3, LESTARI’s social media audience in all landscapes grew significantly. This shows that there is a demand for environmental information and LESTARI managed to fill that need by consistently sharing forest protection and biodiversity conservation issues. In Aceh, posts that reached the most audiences were those about Leuser, Saman Dance and Sumatran elephants. In Papua, Cycloop was the most-searched keyword, while In Central Kalimantan, the dominant issues were forest fires prevention and orangutan.

LESTARI Social Media Growth: October 2017 – September 2018

Landscape Unit October 2017 September 2018 Increase (%)

Followers 494 3,318 572% Leuser Likes 502 3,314 560% Followers 3,340 5,478 64% Katingan-Kahayan Likes 3,343 5,470 64% Followers 284 4,106 1,346% Cyclops Likes 283 4,078 1,340% Followers 268 4,514 1,584% Mappi-Bouven Digoel Likes 268 4,510 1,583%

In Year 4, the Communications team will shift to consolidating these social platforms and focus more on partner engagement to share environmental issues, as part of the broader sustainability strategy. Recommendations for consolidation are listed below. Final decisions regarding these recommendations will only be taken after consultation with USAID.

Social Media Account Recommendation Close down – currently there is no communications person based in Leuser Leuser Landscape. Communications and advocacy campaigns can prioritize partner engagement Close down – communications and advocacy campaigns can Katingan-Kahayan continue to be supported through engaging with a coalition of partners, not necessarily driven by LESTARI Keep open - The LESTARI Papua page can be used as a platform to Papua share knowledge, issues, and progress for all LESTARI Papua Landscapes Mappi-Bouven Digoel Close down – consolidate into one Papua account Lorentz Lowlands Close down – consolidate into one Papua account Keep open and continue to manage from Jakarta; utilize to share LESTARI at national level important national-level issues as well as those from Leuser and Katingan-Kahayan Landscapes

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Moreover, the Year 4 Communications approach will focus on strategically utilizing and disseminating the range of communications products developed over Years 1-3, as opposed to generating additional products. This will include greater use of the short videos produced through partnership with INFIS/Mongabay for advocacy purposes at offline events.

For technical documents, the knowledge management approach will involve developing and/or revising knowledge products (e.g., technical briefs, manuals) that effectively capture the LESTARI tool or approach in a manner that is accessible, useful, and owned by GOI counterparts. Where possible, products will be co-written and co-branded with GOI to ensure buy-in and adoption. Please refer to the LESTARI Year 4 Work Plan for details.

CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES ● LESTARI continues to look for national-level policy, guidance, targets and financial incentives to support climate change mitigation efforts at the sub-national level. Such incentives would dramatically increase LESTARI’s ability to assist GOI in achieving its national targets in key landscapes.

● LESTARI has developed successful tools, models, and approaches within the first three years of the project. A key challenge now is to package them into successful knowledge management products that are valued, owned, and utilized by GOI partners. This is an important part of the sustainability strategy to be implemented in Years 4 and 5.

● The regular shuffling of personnel at GOI partner institutions is an ongoing challenge for LESTARI regarding both coordination efforts and long-term advocacy aimed at inspiring government champions. However, this also presents an opportunity to build new bridges and improve engagement with new government staff.

● Greater political engagement with local leaders coupled with a targeted advocacy agenda for Year 3 present important opportunities for LESTARI to better integrate its technical work, build constituencies, scale up impact, and further the sustainability of LESTARI interventions through greater local level ownership and buy-in.

● The involvement of women in conservation initiatives in the landscapes has significant room for improvement. LESTARI is continuing to address this through focused capacity building and mentoring activities for women Champions.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES FOR YEAR 4 ● Ensure cost efficiency of LESTARI budget and labor investments by closer analysis of cost effectiveness of all programming and especially community engagement initiatives. Key parameters include attribution to contract results and deliverables, and leverage potential for amplification and sustainability within and beyond LESTARI landscapes.

● Ensure field staff and partners understand and implement the Year 4 Work Plan approach that is rooted in the amplification and sustainability of project interventions

● Provide ongoing capacity building, operational, and technical support from Jakarta- based senior staff and STTA for landscape-based staff and subcontractors. This also includes regular engagement – at least two weeks per month – of senior LESTARI technical staff at the landscape level.

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● Conduct and document periodic technical and financial reviews of subcontractors and remind them of required financial audits.

● Conduct and document periodic financial reviews and inventory assessments for each field/landscape office.

● More routine and regular engagement activities with USAID, GOI, and other government partners at the landscape, provincial, and national levels.

● In coordination with USAID, organize regular Tim Teknis meetings with KLHK, Bappenas, Ministry of Finance, and other GOI agencies to be determined by USAID.

● Continue to optimize use of existing communications products, including videos produced by Mongabay/INFIS, in everyday awareness raising.

● Develop additional communications materials and activities relevant to the key messages for each province in Year 4 (which are elaborated in the Year 4 Workplan).

● Develop communications materials and activities which are needed for advocacy and outreach purposes, for each initiatives in the landscapes. This includes support to FMUs, co-management arrangements in Papua for achievements on the hectare indicator, advocacy for spatial plan revision in Mappi and Boven Digoel Districts, prevention of human-wildlife conflict in Aceh, fire prevention in Central Kalimantan, reduction of threats to Sebangau National Park, and so on.

● For technical knowledge management products, develop and/or revise manuals/briefs so that effectively capture the LESTARI tool/approach in a manner that is accessible, useful, and owned by GOI counterparts. Where possible, products will be co-written and co-branded with GOI to ensure buy-in and adoption.

● Work with USAID to demonstrate and document how LESTARI activities contribute to the administration’s priority clusters (e.g., self-reliance, private sector partnerships, leveraged funding).

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APPENDIX 1: LESTARI YEAR 3 PROGRESS MATRIX

Y1-Y2 Y3 Accumulative All Indicator LOP Target Achievemen Achievemen Year vs LOP Remarks t t Σ % 19,578,838 #1 – Percentage reduction in GHG A summary of land-based GHG emissions reductions aggregated t.CO2-eq emissions as a result of USG across all landscapes during the first two years of LESTARI project 41% (64% assistance measured using actual 19,578,838 (2015-2016 and 2016-2017) shows the project has achieved 26% of (76,748,280 emission N/A 26% emissions compared to REL t.CO2-eq the LOP target. The land cover map for 2018 will be available in 2019 t.CO2-eq) reduction (Outcome – contributes to FACTS and Year 3 achievements will be reported at that time. (See Appendix 2 from Y1-Y2 4.8-7) below for further details on data and methodology). target) 644,956 ha of the 1.7 million ha that were targeted as areas under #2 – Number of hectares of biological improved management for Year 3 will reach the threshold to be significance and/or natural resources counted in Year 4. This is due to timber concessions in Katingan- under improved natural resource Kahayan Landscape not having finished revising their SOP for RIL-C 8,700,000 2,417,496 1,055,044 3,472,540 40% management as a result of USG and CMMP during this reporting period. Additionally, several co- assistance (Outcome –FACTS 4.8.1- management agreements have been signed in the Leuser landscape 26) and implementation will happen in 2019. Please refer to the updated Roadmap to Hectares in the LESTARI Year 4 Work Plan.

Poaching data comes from SMART patrols. Only results from Leuser NP and Cyclops NR have been used in this calculation. SMART patrol data is available from Singkil WR, Sebangau NP, Lorentz NP and #3 – Percentage reduction in 40% 35% 72% - 178% BBBR NP this year. However, poaching and wildlife trafficking were not poaching (Outcome) the main threats (illegal logging, encroachment, and illegal gold mining were dominant). Results from these areas will be reported when solid baselines are produced.

14 public policies facilitated by LESTARI were in different stages of #4 – Number of public policies development during Year 3. Advocacy efforts for these policies introduced, adopted, repealed, included technical support for drafting, formulating, lobbying and changed or implemented consistent 28 11 4 15 54% influencing policymakers in all landscapes. They are expected to be with citizen input (Outcome - FACTS finalized in Years 4 and 5, but depend on political willingness, 2.4.1-12 ) government agenda and schedule, and other factors beyond control of LESTARI.

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Achievement on this indicator is lower than initially targeted for several reasons.

Second, over the past two years there have been various governance reforms driven from the national level which have changed the landscape of provincial permitting, with some new developments poorly coordinated and implemented – for example, OneMap and BIG’s geoportal initiative, One Stop Shop, e-licensing, and the Sicantik #5 – Number of sub-national system, coming from at least three different national ministries. government with improved licensing 8 1 0 1 13% and permitting mechanism Finally, political economic dynamics behind land use permitting mean (Outcome) that political will for improving transparency and responsiveness of permit systems is often very low. This has been the case in Central Kalimantan in particular and to some extent in Aceh. In response, LESTARI has focused work in Papua, and is developing the approach in Aceh more since the 2017 change at provincial government level. LESTARI is undertaking a multi-pronged approach, involving improvements to SIMTARU and launching of SST at provincial level (due in Q1), plus engagement with district governments. LESTARI is also supporting the Sustainable Landscape Planning approach, with emphasis on FPIC verification, which is intended to lead to new district policies on permitting. In Year 4 LESTARI will also be facilitating improved public participation in land use monitoring. Thus for Papua, district level achievements are expected in Year 4, and in Aceh, the approach is still being finalized, given the political transition after the Governor’s removal from office. #6 – Number of SEAs/LCPs recommendations related with land use, spatial plan, forest management, and biodiversity conservation 6 0 5 5 83% On track; expect to meet or exceed target in Year 4 incorporated into sub-national government policy, planning and program (Outcome)

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#7 – Number of Multi Stakeholder Initiatives (MSIs) or civil society advocacy initiatives which formulate and deliver policy-relevant inputs on 20 4 17 21 105% Target met sustainable forest and land management to decision makers (Outcome)

#8 – Number of champions engaged 500 146 220 366 73% On track; expect to meet or exceed target in Year 4 in advocacy interventions (Output)

#9 – Number of people reached by LESTARI communication programs to improve awareness and 500,000 341,526 158,896 500,422 100% Target met understanding of LEDS and biodiversity conservation (Output) There was no Year 3 target for this indicator because no METT assessment was conducted. The METT assessment schedule, which #10 – Number of Conservation Areas LESTARI follows, is set by KLHK. The next assessment is planned for (CAs) with at least 70 point in METT 6 2 1 3 50% mid-2019. Results from the METT evaluation in 2017 showed that three scores across LESTARI landscapes out of six conservation areas in LESTARI landscapes have significantly (Outcome) increased METT scores. These include Leuser NP, Sebangau NP, and Bukit Baka Bukit Raya NP. LESTARI is currently providing technical assistance to 10 FMUs in Kalteng, 3 in Aceh, and 1 in Papua. Of these, FMU XVI in Kalteng has #11 – Number of Forest Management completed all milestones and has therefore surpassed thresholds to be Unit (FMU) Strengthened as a result 7 0 1 1 14% counted as strengthened. All other FMUs are still in the process of of USG assistance (Output) revising and updating their management and zonation plans, getting training for capacity building, linking to social forestry goals, and improving monitoring of protected forests. #12 – Number of people receiving USG supported training in natural resources management and/or 10,000 4,121 3,401 7,522 75% On track; expect to meet or exceed target in Year 5 biodiversity conservation (Output – FACTS 4.8.1-27) This indicator aligns closely with LESTARI’s focus in Years 4 and 5 on #13 – Amount of investment budget advocacy and sustainability. LESTARI has developed a mobilized (in USD) for climate practical roadmap for achieving the USD 20 million LOP target by the change as supported by USG 20,000,000 3,923,967 1,791,438 5,715,405 29% end of Year 5. It is expected that significant leveraging will occur from assistance (Output – FACTS 4.8.2- government and private sector investment in rubber and coffee. This 10) roadmap is presented in Appendix 2 of the Year 4 Work Plan.

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#14 – Number of people receiving livelihood co-benefits (monetary or 30,000 6,393 20,159 26,552 89% On track; expect to meet or exceed target in Year 4 non- monetary) (Outcome) In Sarmi Landscape, 2 timber concessions completed RIL-C training and 1 concession completed HCV monitoring training. All three have demonstrated commitment to adopting these practices as standard operating procedure with associated budget allocation. #15 – Number of private sector firms that have improved management In Katingan-Kahayan Landscape, 7 timber concessions were in the last practices as a result of USG 10 0 3 3 30% stage of RIL-C training. There was a few month delay due to technical assistance (Outcome –FACTS 4.6.2- and operational issues in the field, which have now been resolved. 9) Currently the SOP document that formally adopts RIL-C is awaiting approval from the management of the timber concessions. All training activities are expected to be finalized by December 2018. These 7 concessions will be counted towards this indicator for Year 4, thus meeting the LOP target. . LESTARI continued to support the implementation of existing PPPs signed in Years 1 and 2 so that they produce impact for improved livelihoods while contributing to self-reliance and sustainability.

#16 - Number of new USG-supported Based on discussion with USAID, the LESTARI team focused on two public-private partnerships (PPPs) 20 10 2 12 60% additional PPPs with a much larger investment opportunity instead of formed (Output – FACTS PPP 5) several smaller-scale PPPs. Once these two large-scale PPPs are up and running during Year 4, LESTARI will reconsider, under coordination with USAID, whether it is strategic to continue developing new PPPs or simply scale up from the existing ones.

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APPENDIX 2: PROGRESS ON REDUCED GHG EMISSIONS FROM LESTARI LANDSCAPES

Indicator #1 Title: Percentage reduction in GHG emissions as a result of USG assistance measured using actual emissions compared to REL

Target: At least 41% of total CO2-equivalent emissions reduced from land use, land use change and deforestation averaged across all landscapes within the project scope

Definition: The top level indicator for USAID LESTARI reports the percentage of GHG emissions reduced and/or avoided, as a result of USG activities, as compared to a baseline level of GHG emissions. The baseline is the “business-as-usual” reference for GHG emissions that would have occurred during the reporting period if there had been no USG intervention. At least 41% of total CO2-equivalent emissions should be reduced from land use, land use change and deforestation averaged across all landscapes within the project scope, based on the use of the IPCC Good Practice Guidance for Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry, and taking into consideration appropriate relevant national or subnational methods. Reduced emission will be achieved through LESTARI direct assistance, originating from reducing forest encroachment and improving peat land management with communities and protected area authorities, developing effective communities conservation agreements and better agricultural practices, engaging the private sector to implement best management practices in their concessions, and governance advocacy in changing licensing and embracing sustainable development visions that will stop deforestation.

Data Collection Method: The data collection methodology for calculating reduced emissions is described in the Landscape Baseline Analysis (LBA) report update version (2017 and draft version 3 –in prep). In the revised LBA, the LESTARI project has chosen to use a different methodology based on the National Forest Reference Emissions Level (FREL). This was chosen through an evaluation of current methodologies and approaches used in Indonesia. The FREL methodology is though the most acknowledged and recognized by international, national and local institutions in the forestry sector; and because FREL has been showing steady progress on proportioning targets to the provincial level. Additionally, the methodology used in FREL is consistent with its associated development of Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV) System developed by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (KLHK). The FREL was not published in 2015 when the first LBA was developed. The methodology applied to LESTARI that works in the forestry and land- use sector is based on:

1. Living biomass (above ground) GHG emissions from gross deforestation, and 2. Below ground GHG emissions from the decomposition of organic soils (peat)

For the calculation of GHG emissions from Above Ground Biomass (AGB) carbon pools the National Forest Inventory Database developed by IPSDH is used. To calculate GHG emissions from peat decomposition similar LULUC maps from IPSDH and National Peat Land Map from BBSDLP (2011). Peat decomposition is counted from peatland areas that were forested in 1990. When peatland is converted to non-primary forest type through degradation and deforestation, below ground emissions are included. Emission from fires have not been calculated in the FREL.

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The current methodology uses land cover data from Ministry of Environment and Forestry from the years 1990 through to 2012. Measurement of reduced emissions will use the same sourced data.

Progress: Land cover data has been obtained officially from regional governments for the years 2015, 2016 and 2017. Therefore rates in reduced greenhouse gas emissions can only be calculated for Years 1 and 2 of the project. During the GHG emission calculation process, it was discovered that some errors were made in the 2nd edition LBA (May 2017) concerning peatland extent. Deforested and degraded peat in 1990 – i.e., where no forest stood on peatland as of the year 1990 – was erroneously included in the Forestry Reference Emission Level Baseline for LESTARI landscapes. All non-forested peatlands as of 1990 was masked and removed from below ground emissions calculations. Also, calculations of weighted- means of emissions during reference Interval Periods (which varied from 1-6 year intervals) were incorrectly calculated and rectified in the latest version of the LBA. Progress on emission reductions has been measured against the new, but as yet, unapproved 3rd Edition LBA (in prep).

Firstly, land cover data was compared to documented changes in land use between years 2015-2016, and 2016-2017 resulting in annual deforestation and degradation rates for each landscape and all landscapes combined.

Baseline Actual Deforestation Actual Deforestation Deforestation Deforestation Rate 2015-2016 2016-2017 1990-2012 (ha yr-1) (ha yr-1) % Change (ha yr-1) % Change Leuser 3,763 7,025 87% 6,715 78% Katingan - Kahayan 45,506 32,011 -30% 28,201 -38% Lorentz Lowlands 6,107 552 -91% 92 -98% Mappi - Bouven 18,433 2,362 -87% 3,157 -83% Digoel Landscape Sarmi Landscape 636 - -100% - -100% Cyclops Landscape 64 - -100% - -100% ALL LANDSCAPES 73,949 41,950 -43% 38,165 -48% Baseline Actual Degradation Actual Degradation Degradation Degradation Rate 2015-2016 2016-2017 1990-2012 (ha yr-1) (ha yr-1) % Change (ha yr-1) % Change Leuser 1,192 34,011 2753% 13,747 1053% Katingan - Kahayan 3,176 4,457 40% 11,668 267% Lorentz Lowlands 16,752 3,250 -81% 432 -97% Mappi - Bouven 16,668 1,050 -94% 1,660 -90% Digoel Landscape Sarmi Landscape 9,640 24 -100% 5,259 -45% Cyclops Landscape 18 - -100% - -100% ALL LANDSCAPES 47,466 42,792 -10% 32,766 -31%

From the 2015-2017 data, deforestation has declined in all landscapes, except Leuser. Degradation has declined in all Papua landscapes, but increased significantly in Leuser and Katingan-Kahayan. See section on data Quality (below). Assigning attribution to the actual causes of this reduction in deforestation and degradation outcome is always difficult for projects such as LESTARI. The landscape where the project works include large numbers of actors and stakeholders with varying levels of interest and motivation for conservation and improved forest management. However, LESTARI does work directly with forest managers responsible for protecting and sustainably utilizing the forest, including, 1) national park and conservation area staff (BKSDA) with ‘boots-on-the-ground’ activities like SMART patrols; 2) managers of production forest in Sarmi and Central Kalimantan through RIL training and HCV management and monitoring; 3) FMU authorities at the landscape level with training and forest planning, and 4) with 45 communities that have received social forestry

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assistance for permits, management planning or co-management agreements to protect forests from deforestation.

The second step was to calculate Above Ground Biomass emissions associated with these changes in land cover and compared them to the baseline emission levels.

Average Annual GHG ABG Actual ABG Emissions Actual ABG Emissions AGB Emissions from emissions from form Deforestation and form Deforestation and Deforestation Deforestation and Degradation Degradation Degradation Degradation 2015-2016 2016-2017 between 1990-2012 (t.CO2-eq) (t.CO2-eq) % Change (t.CO2-eq) % Change Leuser 1,346,444 7,387,612 449% 4,217,176 213% Katingan - Kahayan 14,901,964 10,476,621 -30% 10,683,759 -28% Lorentz Lowlands 3,366,345 439,161 -87% 72,191 -98% Mappi - Bouven Digoel 7,885,666 899,861 -89% 1,302,915 -83% Landscape Sarmi Landscape 1,181,148 2,442 -100% 32,041 -55% Cyclops Landscape 21,857 - -100% - -100% ALL LANDSCAPES 28,703,425 19,205,697 -33% 16,808,082 -41%

The emissions reductions (or increases) reflected deforestation and degradation rates in the landscapes, but collectively show major reductions across all landscapes for Above Ground Biomass. Peat decomposition represents a significant proportion of the GHG emissions from the landscapes (approximately 23%). However, most of these emissions are “inherited” and persistent year after year when peat becomes disturbed. The baseline emissions from peat increase year on year and the calculation of emissions reductions / increases are compared to yearly baselines for 2015-2016 and 2016-2017.

Baseline Baseline Emissions from Emissions Actual Emissions from Emissions Actual Emissions from Peat from Peat Peat Decomposition from Peat Peat Decomposition Decomposition Decomposition 2015-2016 Decomposition 2016-2017 2015-2016 2016-2017 (t.CO2-eq) (t.CO2-eq) % Change (t.CO2-eq) (t.CO2-eq) % Change Leuser 459,461 455,608 -1% 461,228 452,765 -2% Katingan - 6,478,785 20% 6,489,428 16% Kahayan 7,771,539 7,532,748 Lorentz Lowlands 570,171 489,239 -14% 587,718 489,923 -17% Mappi - Bouven 965,517 840,433 -13% 988,849 840,646 -15% Digoel Sarmi 142,734 116,745 -18% 148,490 116,965 -21% Cyclops - - - - ALL 8,616,668 9,673,564 12% 8,675,713 9,433,048 9% LANDSCAPES

Positive gains were made in Leuser, and Papua landscapes (there is no peat in the Cyclops landscape). Significant additional emissions are recorded under this methodology in Katingan-Kahayan. However, interventions such as peat rewetting that has visibly reduced the incidence of fire in the landscape in 2018 has not been considered and if protocols for its consideration are agreed upon by PPI / KLHK, additional reductions are expected (see section on Data Quality below). When ABG and Peat decomposition emissions are totaled across landscapes and compared against the total projected emission baseline from the 3rd Edition LBA (in prep) the following results are achieved.

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Total Baseline Total Baseline Emissions Emissions from Actual Emissions from Actual Emissions from from Emissions from Deforestation, Deforestation, Deforestation, Deforestation, Peat Degradation and Degradation and Peat Degradation and Peat Degradation Decomposition Peat Decomposition Decomposition and Peat Decomposition 2015-2016 2016-2017 Decomposition 2015-2016 2016-2017 (t.CO2-eq) (t.CO2-eq) % Change (t.CO2-eq) (t.CO2-eq) % Change Leuser 1,805,905 7,843,220 334% 1,807,672 4,669,941 158% Katingan - 21,380,749 -15% 21,391,392 -15% Kahayan 18,248,160 18,216,507 Lorentz Lowlands 3,936,516 928,400 -76% 3,954,063 562,114 -86% Mappi - Bouven 8,851,183 -80% 8,874,515 -76% Digoel 1,740,294 2,143,561 Sarmi 1,323,882 119,187 -91% 1,329,638 649,006 -51% Cyclops 21,857 - -100% 21,857 - -100% ALL 37,320,092 28,879,261 -23% 37,379,137 26,241,130 -30% LANDSCAPES

The yearly target for reduced emissions is 41%. Therefore in LESTARI achieved 55% of the expected target, and it year 2, 73% of the target. A total of 19.58 Mt.CO2e emissions have been avoided in the first two years within all landscapes equivalent to 25.5% of the LOP targets (using current data and not taking into account reduced emissions for successful peat rewetting.

Data Quality: On examination of the land cover data, large areas of “degradation” are noted in the center of the Leuser National Park and FMU, III, V and VI, far from access points. The LESTARI team in currently discussing this with partners in the landscape to validate the data based on SMART patrols in Leuser National Park and Singkil Wildlife reserve, and reports from the field within FMUs. If needed, the LESTARI team will carry out rapid assessments of a sample of supposedly secondary forests. At present, it is thought that there has been significant errors in satellite image interpretation. This is commonly caused by different image processing operators that apply different visual thresholds and scales for determining secondary / degraded forests due to logging or other exploitation. The image below illustrates the Leuser landscape where “degradation” has been applied. The incidence of landslides could be one factor that causes this classification, although the widespread scale is unlikely.

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Large areas of forest degradation that are potentially erroneous. These areas total over 30,000 hectares of recent forest degradation.

FREL Methodology: LESTARI has facilitated the Free and Prior Informed Consent for canal blocking and water management in Pulang Pisau where there are have been far less fires than other parts of the peat hydrological unit, indicating wetter conditions or ‘peat-rewetting.’ At present, there is no FREL emission factor for sustainably managed and rewetted peatland through the use of check dams. The FREL emission factors for below ground peat decomposition are based purely on land cover type. For instance where peatland supports -1 ‘wet scrub’ vegetation it has an annual emission factor of 5.3 t.CO2e yr irrespective of whether that peat has been rewetted through canal management or not, but rewetted peat has significantly lower emissions compared to drained peat. The emission factor only reduces to zero when primary forest has been restored that is likely to request several decades of conservation. Emission Factors for managed and verifiably ‘rewetted peat lands’ need to be developed to capture these emission reductions.

Likewise, an emission factor for sustainably managed natural forests is unavailable. LESTARI assists timber concession partners in over 700,000 hectares in Central Kalimantan and Papua to implement RIL as a means of reducing emissions from harvesting operations. However, emissions from degradation within in these more sustainably managed concessions is not treated differently than any other type of degradation under the FREL. Similar to peatland, regional, island-wide emission factors for natural forests managed under certified RIL standards need to be developed to capture reduced emissions. If and when

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these emissions factors are developed, LESTARI will be able to apply them to the emissions calculations resulting in potentially significant emission reductions in the areas affected.

Conclusions: During the first 2 years of implementation of the LESTARI project, there have been significant emissions reductions recorded in the landscapes. With data quality analysis and improvement of data accuracy (specifically in Leuser Landscape) greater emission reductions are likely to be recorded. The issue of attribution is not covered here. LESTARI does not manage land directly and reductions of emissions are through the collective efforts of agencies and management authorities with whom LESTARI partners.

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APPENDIX 3: MEDIA ARTICLES/VIDEOS PUBLISHED TO ENHANCE PUBLIC AWARENESS IN YEAR 3

Articles Produced through Partnership with INFIS/Mongabay (Oct 2017 – Sept 2018) Facebook Published Twitter No Issue Article Link Views Date Engagement Reactions Engagement

Aceh Illegal logging, http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/10/30/eksekusi-kasus-pt-kallista-alam-tak- 1 30 Oct 2017 15 51 3 512 encroachment kunjung-dilakukan-kenapa/

Grassroot http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/10/29/ibrahim-ahlinya-tumbuhan-dan-satwa-liar- 2 29 Oct 2017 26 594 72 1184 champion leuser/

Illegal logging, http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/10/28/tambang-emas-ilegal-bertebaran-di-aceh- 3 28 Oct 2017 34 442 74 2844 encroachment bagaimana-dampaknya-terhadap-lingkungan/

Illegal logging, http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/10/27/titik-api-kembali-bermunculan-di-aceh- 4 27 Oct 2017 7 34 3 326 encroachment apa-penyebabnya/

Wildlife http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/10/24/berkas-kasus-perdagangan-cula-badak- 5 24 Oct 2017 77 525 33 497 poaching dan-harimau-naik-ke-kejaksaan/

Wildlife http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/10/19/tersengat-arus-listrik-dua-individu-gajah- 6 19 Oct 2017 21 462 30 648 poaching sumatera-meregang-nyawa/

Policy and http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/10/12/gubernur-aceh-menjaga-hutan-leuser- 7 12 Oct 2017 63 535 68 804 governance penting-dilakukan/

http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/10/06/mengelola-hutan-banyak-hal-yang-harus- 8 Soft news 6 Oct 2017 14 88 13 611 dilakukan-mengapa/

Illegal logging, http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/10/04/dua-perambah-hutan-leuser-ini-ditangkap- 9 4 Oct 2017 41 154 19 503 encroachment tim-gabungan-saat-beraksi/

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Illegal logging, http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/11/29/selamat-tinggal-sawit-ilegal-di-suaka- 10 29 Nov 2017 12 863 122 627 encroachment margasatwa-rawa-singkil/

Illegal logging, http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/11/25/masyarakat-aceh-tamiang-kami-resah- 11 25 Nov 2017 125 128 35 448 encroachment dengan-pembangunan-plta-tampur/

Policy and http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/11/24/masyarakat-transparansi-aceh-laporkan- 12 24 Nov 2017 18 88 3 1114 governance empat-kasus-penyimpangan-lingkungan-ke-bareskrim-polri/

Wildlife http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/11/20/aceh-siap-hadapi-tantangan-perubahan- 13 20 Nov 2017 45 176 21 295 poaching iklim-caranya/

Illegal logging, http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/11/12/dua-mega-proyek-plta-ini-dikhawatirkan- 14 12 Nov 2017 119 85 16 809 encroachment mengancam-kelestarian-leuser/

Policy and http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/12/31/catatan-akhir-tahun-nasib-situs-warisan- 15 31 Dec 2017 101 196 24 331 governance dunia-berstatus-bahaya-ada-di-tangan-kita/

http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/12/29/orangutan-haven-pulau-buatan-untuk- 16 Soft news 29 Dec 2017 13 113 12 262 orangutan-yang-tidak-bisa-dilepasliarkan/

http://Desember/2017/12/25/foto-tiga-tahun-dilatih-mandiri-diana-tidak-takut- 17 Soft news 25 Dec 2017 41 130 13 235 hidup-di-cagar-alam-jantho/

Policy and http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/12/15/data-rpjm-aceh-2016-hutan-rusak-hanya- 18 15 Dec 2017 19 113 2 391 governance enam-ribu-hektar-tanggapan-aktivis-lingkungan/

Policy and http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/12/13/kajian-fwi-89-juta-hektar-lahan-tumpang- 19 13 Dec 2017 33 104 4 475 governance tindih-di-8-provinsi/

Wildlife http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/12/09/cinta-kita-yang-hilang-pada-gajah- 20 9 Dec 2017 117 209 17 459 poaching sumatera/

Illegal logging, http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/01/28/tampung-kayu-ilegal-izin-perusahaan- 28 January 21 10 33 4 218 encroachment sawmill-ini-dicabut-gubernur-aceh/ 2018

Policy and http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/01/22/desakan-revisi-menguat-akankah- 22 January 22 132 74 4 220 governance kawasan-ekosistem-leuser-masuk-rtrw-aceh/ 2018

Policy and http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/01/19/kawasan-ekosistem-leuser-mengapa- 19 January 23 239 90 14 513 governance penting-dimasukkan-dalam-rencana-tata-ruang-dan-pembangunan-aceh/ 2018

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Illegal logging, http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/01/17/hutan-aceh-yang-masih-bersahabat- 17 January 24 192 150 22 585 encroachment dengan-kerusakan/ 2018

Policy and http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/01/15/geram-klhk-jangan-keluarkan-izin-pinjam- 15 January 25 30 99 11 376 governance kawasan-hutan-untuk-plta-tampur/ 2018

Policy and http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/01/08/gubernur-aceh-perpanjang-moratorium- 8 January 26 20 82 3 210 governance tambang-selama-enam-bulan-targetnya/ 2018

Wildlife http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/01/06/foto-kisah-sedih-gajah-sumatera-yang- 6 January 27 381 311 58 594 poaching berujung-kematian/ 2018

Wildlife http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/02/15/foto-tni-serahkan-satwa-liar-dilindungi-ke- 15 February 28 351 175 8 1134 poaching bksda-aceh/ 2018

Forest http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/02/22/foto-gayo-lues-kabupaten-seribu-bukit- 22 February 29 151 47 4 383 management yang-dikelilingi-hutan-leuser/ 2018

Policy and http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/02/23/amdal-plta-tampur-dipaksakan-relokasi- 23 February 30 87 61 4 1023 governance masyarakat-dan-mitigasi-konflik-satwa-diabaikan/ 2018

http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/03/12/perubahan-cuaca-yang-berpengaruh- 12 March 31 Coffee 37 46 7 342 pada-produktivitas-kopi-gayo/ 2018

Forest and http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/03/21/nasib-hutan-nusantara-akankah-terus- 21 March 32 90 249 94 948 governance merana/ 2018

Forest http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/04/20/bupati-gayo-lues-jaga-leuser-tak-mungkin- 33 20 April 2018 12 61 13 336 communities tanpa-libatkan-masyarakat/

http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/04/14/komitmen-menjaga-leuser-sebagai-situs- 34 Leuser 14 April 2018 76 73 4 632 warisan-dunia-harus-dibuktikan/

http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/04/05/perhutanan-sosial-di-aceh-yang-masih- 35 Social Forestry 05 April 2018 34 44 3 304 terbentur-kewenangan/

Law http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/05/14/kasus-pembakar-rawa-tripa-aneh- 36 14 May 2018 31 40 11 920 enforcement pengadilan-negeri-meulaboh-batalkan-putusan-mahkamah-agung/

Agusen, http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/05/17/foto-agusen-desa-wisata-nan-indah-di- 37 17 May 2018 49 108 5 328 ecotourism kaki-leuser/

USAID LESTARI Annual Report Year 3, October 2017 – September 2018 Page | 115

http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/05/20/hutan-leuser-yang-selalu-di-hati-salman- 38 Leuser 20 May 2018 27 127 3 435 panuri/

Ecosystem http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/05/25/menjaga-sumber-air-gayo-lues-merawat- 39 25 May 2018 105 42 2 436 values kehidupan-bersama-di-leuser/ Agusen, 40 http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/05/26/jangan-lagi-sebut-ganja-di-desa-agusen/ 26 May 2018 129 286 38 2164 ecotourism Wildlife http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/06/14/kematian-bunta-adalah-duka-kita-semua- 14 June 41 402 324 47 964 poaching tangkap-pelaku/ 2018

http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/06/15/jangan-ada-lagi-sawit-di-taman-nasional- 15 June 42 Palm oil 89 116 17 732 gunung-leuser/ 2018 Central Kalimantan

Policy and http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/10/23/pengadilan-tinggi-kalteng-menangkan- 43 23 Oct 2017 43 107 3 756 governance gugatan-warga-atas-kasus-kebakaran-lahan-dan-hutan/

Policy and http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/10/22/brg-wwf-kerjasama-restorasi-200-ribu- 44 22 Oct 2017 116 101 1 577 governance hektar-lahan-gambut/

Policy and http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/10/14/upaya-mempertemukan-kepentingan- 45 14 Oct 2017 18 159 3 498 governance pelestarian-orangutan-dan-ekonomi-masyarakat-di-sm-lamandau/

Wildlife http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/10/09/heboh-foto-luna-maya-dan-orangutan- 46 9 Oct 2017 291 43 1 1010 poaching begini-sebenarnya-aturan-penggunaan-satwa-dilindungi/

Wildlife http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/10/05/aktivis-foto-luna-maya-bersama- 47 5 Oct 2017 209 317 54 4675 poaching orangutan-sangat-tidak-patut-ditiru/

Wildlife http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/11/21/populasi-orangutan-kalimantan- 48 21 Nov 2017 11 37 2 316 poaching cenderung-menurun-perlindungan-habitat-menjadi-keharusan/

Policy and http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/11/08/brg-optimis-restorasi-gambut-non-konsesi- 49 8 Nov 2017 14 71 2 305 governance sesuai-target/

http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/12/30/sri-suci-utami-atmoko-sang- 50 Soft news 30 De 2017 59 215 35 435 konservasionis-orangutan-sejati/

USAID LESTARI Annual Report Year 3, October 2017 – September 2018 Page | 116

http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/12/22/bukit-batikap-habitat-baru-orangutan-eks- 51 Soft news 22 Dec 2017 34 142 5 215 rehabilitasi-di-kalteng/

Policy and http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/12/20/kementerian-lingkungan-dorong-wilayah- 52 20 Dec 2017 17 90 11 266 governance penting-masuk-kawasan-ekosistem-esensial/

Policy and http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/01/31/teknologi-dapatkah-dampak-pembalakan- 31 January 53 189 84 8 314 governance kayu-dikurangi/ 2018

Wildlife http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/01/19/hasil-nekropsi-17-peluru-bersarang-di- 19 January 54 56 427 78 2753 poaching jasad-orangutan-yang-mengambang-tanpa-kepala/ 2018

Policy and http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/01/17/perusahaan-perkebunan-minim- 17 January 55 20 54 4 274 governance selesaikan-rencana-pemulihan-gambut/ 2018

Wildlife http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/01/16/menyedihkan-satu-individu-orangutan- 16 January 56 276 423 44 1049 poaching ditemukan-mengambang-tanpa-kepala/ 2018

Wildlife http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/02/01/polda-kalteng-tangkap-dua-orang-terkait- 1 February 57 34 212 15 1154 poaching kasus-pembunuhan-orangutan-tanpa-kepala/ 2018

Peatland http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/02/05/pemerintah-siap-pakai-metode-baru- 5 February 58 61 67 7 668 restoration dalam-pemetaan-gambut/ 2018

Peatland http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/02/05/fasilitator-desa-didorong-jadi-ujung- 5 February 59 10 46 7 235 restoration tombak-program-restorasi-gambut/ 2018

Policy and http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/02/11/percepat-pengakuan-hutan-adat- 11 February 60 42 58 11 690 governance pemerintah-daerah-harus-proaktif/ 2018

http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/02/12/lapak-jaru-kawasan-taman-hutan-raya- 12 February 61 Encroachment 108 87 16 619 yang-dibuka-jadi-tambang-emas/ 2018

Wildlife http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/02/20/studi-kalimantan-kehilangan-hampir-150- 20 February 62 252 171 28 846 poaching ribu-orangutan-dalam-16-tahun-terakhir/ 2018

Peatland http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/04/10/berikut-penjelasan-brg-soal-kemajuan- 63 10 April 2018 90 46 11 704 restoration restorasi-lahan-gambut-di-kalteng/

http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/04/02/respon-penembakan-satwa-dilindungi- 64 Wildlife 02 April 2018 44 134 30 1647 perbakin-keluarkan-surat-edaran-pengaturan-penggunaan-senapan-angin/

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Peatland http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/05/24/tiga-tahun-sejak-kebakaran-hebat- 65 24 May 2018 82 74 8 175 restoration bagaimana-kondisi-lahan-gambut-itu-sekarang/

http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/05/25/yanir-berkali-gagal-hingga-berhasil- 66 Zero burning 25 May 2018 120 94 4 434 kembangkan-pertanian-tanpa-bakar-di-lahan-gambut/

http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/06/15/berikut-upaya-antisipasi-berulangnya- 15 June 67 Fire prevention 16 18 0 749 kebakaran-hutan-dan-lahan-di-kalteng/ 2018 Papua Policy and http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/10/30/pltu-bukan-solusi-pemenuhan-listrik- 68 30 Oct 2017 10 45 3 418 governance papua-optimalkan-energi-terbarukan-bagian-2/ Policy and http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/10/30/daerah-tangkapan-air-rusak-krisis-air- 69 30 Oct 2017 20 147 24 1982 governance menjadi-ancaman-kota-jayapura/

Grassroot http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/10/18/yafet-ikari-upaya-menjaga-kelestarian- 70 18 Oct 2017 72 102 7 226 champion kampung-kalpataru-di-papua/ http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/10/03/kampanye-karbon-biru-di-kaimana- 71 Soft news 3 Oct 2017 44 88 2 596 seperti-apa/ Policy and http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/10/02/ketika-pltu-papua-2-holtekamp-hadir- 72 2 Oct 2017 15 66 4 786 governance beragam-masalah-ini-menimpa-warga-bagian-1/

Illegal logging, http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/11/30/polemik-tanah-marga-di-kampung-bupul- 73 30 Nov 2017 11 111 15 334 encroachment saat-hutan-berubah-jadi-kebun-sawit/

Illegal logging, http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/11/28/rtrw-papua-barat-rawan-deforestasi-besar- 74 28 Nov 2017 34 98 5 252 encroachment besaran/

Policy and http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/11/27/kaji-ulang-kebijakan-dan-izin-izin-industri- 75 27 Nov 2017 12 92 8 309 governance ekstraktif-di-papua/

Policy and http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/11/22/mengapa-pemetaan-wilayah-menjadi- 76 22 Nov 2017 19 123 8 318 governance penting-di-lembah-baliem/

http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/11/20/tujuh-bumn-dukung-ekowisata- 77 Soft news 20 Nov 2017 38 145 12 272 pemantauan-burung-di-papua/

Grassroot http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/11/10/merayakan-kebangkitan-masyarakat-adat- 78 10 Nov 2017 19 100 4 214 champion kabupaten-jayapura/

USAID LESTARI Annual Report Year 3, October 2017 – September 2018 Page | 118

Policy and http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/11/07/pembangunan-infrastruktur-di-papua- 79 7 Nov 2017 28 84 2 982 governance mengapa-penting-dilakukan/

Grassroot http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/12/24/saat-wisata-alam-dirancang-di-tablasupa- 80 24 Dec 2017 55 254 15 197 champion kampung-penyangga-ca-cyclops/

Policy and http://www.mongabay.co.id/2017/12/16/soal-perusahaan-bersertifikat-beli-kayu- 81 16 Dec 2017 29 91 18 343 governance ilegal-di-papua-bagaimana-kelanjutannya/

http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/01/09/melacak-ekidna-satwa-keramat-orang- 82 Wildlife 9 January 133 670 47 2328 papua-di-cyclops/

Policy and http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/01/01/catatan-dari-papua-konflik-agraria-belum- 83 1 January 184 371 81 1195 governance usai-bagi-bagi-hutan-kepada-pemodal-jalan-terus/

Community http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/03/13/seppy-karubaba-sang-juara-tinju-yang- 13 March 84 214 558 60 4462 champion jaga-hutan-papua/ 2018

http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/05/23/saat-ikan-endemik-danau-sentani- 85 Sentani Lake 23 May 2018 279 145 11 563 terancam-punah-akibat-pendangkalan-limbah-dan-ikan-introduksi/

http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/05/26/sejak-tiga-ribu-tahun-lalu-sudah-ada-jejak- 86 Cycloop 26 May 2018 327 132 23 1498 peradaban-di-danau-sentani/ http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/05/31/kajian-lingkungan-hidup-strategis-untuk- 87 SEA 31 May 2018 55 88 17 366 selamatkan-sumber-daya-alam-papua/ http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/06/01/ketika-hiu-gergaji-satwa-dan-manusia- 88 Local culture 1 June 2018 503 134 4 350 diabadikan-dalam-lukisan-kulit-kayu-khombow-di-sentani/ Sustainable http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/06/09/lima-tahun-implementasi-rtrw-mencari- 89 9 June 2018 33 84 9 471 development model-pembangunan-yang-berkelanjutan-untuk-orang-papua/ TOTAL 7,961 14,733 1,727 66,998

Videos Produced through Partnership with IFIS/Mongabay (Oct 2017 – Sept 2018) Publish Facebook No Video Title Status Content Link date Reaction Share View Aceh The state of Orangutan Sumatera as a critically endangered https://www.youtube.com/w 1 Orangutan Sumatera Published 4/10/2017 species. The population of orangutan continues to decline due 21 18 531 atch?v=WX_Upah7rtg to poaching and habitat loss.

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Introduction to Gajah Sumatera as a key species whose https://www.youtube.com/w 2 Gajah Sumatera Published 13/10/2017 478 55 11,000 presence indicates that the ecosystem is in good condition. atch?v=n75DdpXm58w Kesatuan Documenting learning exchange activities between KPH V of https://www.youtube.com/w 3 Pengelolaan Hutan Published 10/04/2018 224 13 4,200 Aceh and FMU atch?v=2UFi_uW4jDE Wilayah V Suaka Margasatwa Introduction to SM Rawa Singkil, its biodiversity and its https://www.youtube.com/w 4 Published 6/12/2017 - - - Rawa Singkil importance to communities. atch?v=bCya-AhVM70 Desa Lawe Cimanok, Sebuah Perjuangan Allocating village budgets for forest management improves 5 In process Mempertahankan communities’ participation in forest rehabilitation. Sumber Air Traditional dance, like Saman, can pose as a medium to raise Saripudin, untuk 6 In process public awareness on the importance of protecting the Leuser Saman dan Leuser forests. Video Kampanye Saman Pengawal Promotional video to support Mass Saman Performance in 7 In process Leuser – 10.001 Gayo Lues. Penari Saman Desa Agusen, Village budgets has provided opportunities for Agusen Village Permata 8 In process to develop sustainable livelihoods sources from ecotourism Tersembunyi di and coffee production Jantung Gayo Lues 9 TNGL trailer In process Gunung Leuser National Park has not only a natural beauty

10 TNGL long version In process but also a global significance due to its complex ecosystem. Di Balik Gunung Preserving the Leuser ecosystem is beneficial to forest 11 In process Leuser communities. Hilangnya Senyum The decline of nutmeg production has forced farmers to be 12 In process Petani Pala more dependent on forests. Local festivity in South Aceh is a way of community to restore 13 Khanduri Seunebok In process forests. Wildlife mitigation is crucial to saving local livelihood and also 14 Save Orangutan In process Orangutan conservation. Forests hold a significant value to ensure water supply for 15 The Water of Life In process forest communities. Local communities perform ceremonial chants before climbing 16 Syair Rimba In process to harvest forest honey. Woman working as a forest ranger still is still dealing with a 17 Ranger Inong In process double burden. Local champion working as a guide has benefited from the 18 Sang Pemandu In process Leuser Ecosystem.

USAID LESTARI Annual Report Year 3, October 2017 – September 2018 Page | 120

A profile of Sangir Village that is committed to managing its 19 Desa Sangir In process water resources. Anisa, Petani A profile of a female farmer in South Aceh who practices 20 Perempuan Desa In process permaculture. Lawe Melang Central Kalimantan The importance of Land and Forest Regulation at provincial https://www.youtube.com/w 21 Perda Karhutla Published 29/10/2017 level as an instrument to help local government prevent forest 11 6 1,600 atch?v=4fPLAOlRRyU fires. Sustainable rubber improves local livelihood and reduced 22 Sustainable rubber In process farmers’ activities in forests. Improving the management of Tahura Lapak Jaru will protect 23 Tahura Lapak Jaru In process its biodiversity while preserve local culture and livelihood. KPH (Forest Management Unit) in Indonesia still faces 24 Kebijakan KPH In process challenges and obstacles due to inconsistencies between national and provincial regulations. KPH is challenged to be able to work with local communities KPH dan Pangan 25 In process to preserve local crops as an avenue to achieve food Lokal sustainability. KPH dan Perhutanan Challenges and opportunities for KPH to collaborate with local 26 In process Sosial communities to ensure social forestry benefits all parties. KPH dan Kebakaran Challenges and opportunities for KPH to prevent land and 27 In process Hutan forest fires. Sungai Kahayan A community video about the importance of Kahayan River to 28 In process dalam Dilema indigenous people. Sustainable Logging Through Reduced Impact Logging approaches, private sector 29 In process Practices is responsible for rehabilitating the logging area they manage. Papua This video portrays the importance of Cyclops as a source of https://www.youtube.com/w 30 Cagar Alam Cyclops Published 15/12/2017 20 16 674 water and livelihood for people in Jayapura. atch?v=OwefFI2BrfM Inventarisasi https://www.facebook.com/l Documentation of biodiversity inventory activities conducted 31 Keanekaragaman Published 30/01/208 estaridipapua/videos/2016 20 14 611 by SMART Patrol team and USAID LESTARI Hayati CA Cyclops 143595310428/ Boven Digoel: Hutan, This video describes social, cultural, economy and natural Masyarakat dan 17 January https://www.youtube.com/w 32 Published aspects of Boven Digoel and what USAID LESTARI is doing 14 9 305 Pembangunan 2018 atch?v=fRVyBO0ac7w to achieve sustainable development in this area. Berkelanjutan Air Kehidupan dari 27 May A community video about the value of water for local https://www.youtube.com/w 33 Published 49 9 225 Cycloop 2018 communities. atch?v=eV7IQb_hFBE Danau Sentani A community video voicing out concerns waste disposal to https://www.youtube.com/w 34 Bukan Tempat Published 47 7 146 Sentani Lake. atch?v=jcKaipCqqcw Sampah

USAID LESTARI Annual Report Year 3, October 2017 – September 2018 Page | 121

Lindungi Satwa 27 May https://www.youtube.com/w 35 Langka dari Published A community video about efforts to prevent wildlife poaching. 66 13 339 2018 atch?v=JIKKik-mS_Y Perburuan Liar Penjaga Hutan dan 27 May A community video to showcase local champions who are https://www.youtube.com/w 36 Published 52 12 377 Air Dofonsoro 2018 committed to guarding forests. atch?v=7-YU8yjhIRQ Pinang Bagian 28 May A community video about the cultural and economic values of https://www.youtube.com/w 37 Published 50 9 394 Kehidupan Adat 2018 areca nut. atch?v=5k6NfvMdD-w Menyelamatkan 28 May A community video about ongoing attempts to tackle https://www.youtube.com/w 38 Sentani Tanpa Published 1,000 262 13,000 2018 encroachment. atch?v=lZGGDjlfjpk Merambah Complete Mata Air (Papuan A community video about ecological and cultural value of 39 d but not - - - - - Voices) water. published Menjaga Mama A video about the ecological, cultural and economic 40 In process Cycloop significance of Cycloop. 41 Hari Air Sedunia In process Documentation of the World Water Day 2018. Pertemuan Multipihak A video about multi-stakeholder processes in development 42 In process Boven Digoel planning. RTRW di Boven A video about the importance of ensuring sustainable 42 In process Digoel principles in development. TOTAL 2,052 443 33,402

Articles Published on Cases of Illegal Poaching/Wildlife Trafficking for which the LESTARI Team Assisted in Investigation (Oct 2017 – Sept 2018) No Link to News Media Category 1 http://aceh.tribunnews.com/2017/11/15/angkut-gading-gajah-pria-ini-diamankan-polisi-ternyata-penadahnya-dari-luar-aceh Local 2 https://news.detik.com/read/2017/11/15/192944/3728694/10/bawa-2-gading-gajah-warga-aceh-ditangkap-polisi National 3 http://tribratanews.polresacehtamiang.com/gading-gajah-di-sita-di-polres-aceh-tamiang/ National 4 http://www.ajnn.net/news/bawa-gading-gajah-warga-aceh-tamiang-ditangkap/index.html Local 5 http://waspada.co.id/aceh/polisi-amankan-gading-gajah-dan-pelakunya/ National 6 https://www.kanalaceh.com/2017/11/15/polisi-tangkap-pembawa-dua-gading-gajah-ilegal/ Local 7 https://www.goaceh.co/berita/baca/2017/11/15/semalam-polisi-amankan-pembawa-gading-gajah-di-aceh-tamiang#sthash.BbdAFmx0.QgXX9jPL.dpbs Local 8 http://mediaaceh.co/2017/11/15/31913/bawa-gading-gajah-pemuda-ini-dibekuk National 9 http://portalsatu.com/read/news/polisi-gagalkan-penyelundupan-dua-gading-gajah-37353 Local 10 https://www.merdeka.com/peristiwa/penyelundupan-gading-gajah-dari-aceh-ke-medan-digagalkan.html National 11 http://breakingnews.co.id/read/kepergok-bawa-gading-gajah-warga-aceh-dibekuk-polisi National 12 http://www.tamiangnews.com/2017/11/polisi-tamiang-tangkap-pembawa-gading.html National 13 https://aceh.antaranews.com/berita/41957/polisi-tangkap-pembawa-gading-gajah-ilegal Local 14 https://www.acehbisnis.co/2017/11/15/bawa-gading-gajah-warga-aceh-timur-ditangkap/ Local 15 https://haluanpos.com/wow-tak-butuh-waktu-lama-polisi-tangkap-penjual-gading-gajah-di-aceh-tamiang/ National 16 http://datariau.com/hukrim/Penyelundupan-Gading-Gajah-Berhasil-Digagalkan Local 17 https://news.okezone.com/view/2017/11/16/1/44641/polisi-gagalkan-penyeludupan-gading-gajah-tersangka-diancam-lima-tahun-penjara National

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18 https://kompas.id/baca/ilmu-pengetahuan-teknologi/2017/11/16/polisi-buru-pemilik-sepasang-gading-gajah/ National 19 http://rri.co.id/post/berita/457523/sigap_polri/polisi_amankan_dua_gading_gajah_di_aceh_tamiang_diduga_ingin_dijual_ke_medan.html National 20 http://www.topinformasi.com/2017/11/polres-aceh-tamiang-berhasil-gagalkan.html Local 21 https://riaubarometer.com/penyelundupan-gading-gajah-berhasil-digagalkan/ Local 22 http://www.metro-online.co/2017/11/polres-aceh-tamiang-gagalkan_16.html National 23 https://www.antaranews.com/berita/665294/gagalkan-penyelundupan-gading National 24 http://indonesia.shafaqna.com/ID/ID/6001535 National 25 http://ksdae.menlhk.go.id/info/2045/bksda-aceh-bersama-kepolisian-dan-mitra-ungkap-perburuan-gajah-di-aceh-timur.html National 26 https://kliksatu.com/2017/11/16/bawa-2-gading-gajah-warga-aceh-timur-ditangkap-polisi/ National 27 http://rakyatbicara.net/kurir-gading-gajah-ilegal-terancam-5-tahun-penjara/ National 28 http://bareskrim.com/2017/11/16/polres-aceh-tamiang-sita-dua-gading-gajah-dari-pengemudi-avanza/ Local 29 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_rDJF17t2Bk National 30 http://indonesia.shafaqna.com/ID/ID/6005306 National 31 http://www.dailymail.co.id/polisi-tangkap-pembawa-sepasang-gading-gajah National 32 http://news.metro24jam.com/read/2017/11/17/45304/ops-rencong-2017-polres-aceh-tamiang-dapat-gading-gajah National 33 http://aceh.tribunnews.com/2017/11/17/harga-gading-gajah-capai-rp-20-jutakg Local 34 https://www.medcom.id/foto/news/Obzvqxgb-polisi-tangkap-pembawa-sepasang-gading-gajah National 35 http://foto.metrotvnews.com/view/2017/11/17/789298/polisi-tangkap-pembawa-sepasang-gading-gajah National 36 http://www.medanbisnisdaily.com/news/read/2017/11/17/326805/polres_tamiang_tangkap_penjual_gading_gajah/ Local 37 http://www.harian9.com/2017/11/pelaku-perdagangan-pasar-gelap-gading.html National 38 https://www.pikiranmerdeka.co/news/polres-singkil-amankan-67-ekor-landak-satu-tersangka-ditangkap/ National 39 http://www.ajnn.net/news/polres-aceh-singkil-sita-67-ekor-landak/index.html Local 40 https://www.antaranews.com/berita/678135/warga-pelihara-67-ekor-landak-ditangkap-polisi National 41 https://www.cakrawala.co/2018/01/16/polisi-sita-puluhan-ekor-landak-dari-rumah-warga/ National 42 http://www.singkilterkini.com/2018/01/pelihara-landak-pria-ini-ditangkap.html Local 43 https://news.trubus.id/post/pelihara-67-landak-dilindungi-warga-aceh-ini-diciduk-polisi-5877 National 44 http://republika.co.id/share/p2nf04280 National 45 http://aceh.tribunnews.com/2018/01/16/terima-informasi-dari-warga-polres-aceh-singkil-amankan-puluhan-landak-yang-dipelihara-tanpa-izin Local 46 http://www.statusaceh.net/2018/01/pelihara-67-landak-warga-aceh-singkil.html Local 47 http://www.harnas.co/2018/01/17/polisi-ciduk-pemelihara-67-landak National 48 https://kumparan.com/@kumparannews/pelihara-67-landak-warga-aceh-ditangkap-polisi National 49 https://www.jawapos.com/read/2018/01/17/182013/polres-aceh-singkil-sita-67-ekor-landak National 50 https://www.acehportal.com/2018/01/17/sebanyak-67-ekor-landak-disita-di-aceh-singkil/ Local 51 https://swara-indonesia.com/2018/01/17/polres-aceh-singkil-tangkap-tersangka-penyimpan-67-ekor-satwa-liar-landak/ National 52 http://rri.co.id/post/berita/480257/daerah/puluhan_ekor_landak_disita_aparat_dari_warga_di_subulussalam.html National 53 https://tribratanewsacehsingkil.com/67-ekor-landak-berhasil-diamankan-satuan-reserse-kriminal-polres-aceh-singkil/ National 54 https://www.mediacerdas.com/cukong-satwa-langka-terbesar-di-sijunjung-ditangkap/ National 55 https://www.kabarin.co/cuma-ada-sumbar-polres-sijunjung-bongkar-perdagangan-daging-beruang-dan-harimau/ National 56 https://www.harianhaluan.com/news/detail/68421/terungkap-ada-perdagangan-daging-harimau-hingga-beruang-di-sijunjung Local 57 http://wartaandalas.com/berita-polres-sijunjung-bongkar-penimbun-daging-hewan-langka-.html Local 58 https://padangekspres.co.id/read/detail/96952/Organ-Beruang-dan-Trenggiling-Disita Local 59 http://sumbartime.com/polres-sijunjung-tangkap-pelaku-penjual-daging-hewan-langka/ Local

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60 http://www.sumbarprov.go.id/details/news/13222 National 61 https://www.viva.co.id/berita/nasional/998148-sadis-organ-beruang-madu-dan-trenggiling-diselundupkan National 62 http://horasnews.com/polres-sijunjung-bongkar-perdagangan-satwa-langka/ Local 63 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LEQ4vM0mo7k National 64 http://faktasumbar.com/berita/kapolres-ungkap-perdagangan-daging-harimau-hingga-beruang-di-sijunjung Local 65 http://video.metrotvnews.com/headline-news/JKRlzByb-polres-sijunjung-bongkar-perdagangan-daging-satwa-langka National 66 https://m.medcom.id/video/headline-news/JKRlzByb-polres-sijunjung-bongkar-perdagangan-daging-satwa-langka National 67 http://www.sahkato.com/polisi-ringkus-jaringan-pemasok-organ-satwa-langka.html Local 68 http://harianrakyatbengkulu.com/ver3/2018/01/25/aksi-pencurian-telur-penyu-masih-terjadi/ Local 69 https://tribratanewsacehsingkil.com/telur-penyu-hijau-berhasil-diamankan-polres-aceh-singkil/ National 70 https://kumparan.com/@kumparannews/polisi-ringkus-pelaku-pencurian-telur-penyu-di-aceh-singkil National 71 http://www.singkilterkini.com/2018/01/kedapatan-mengambil-telur-penyu-dua.html Local 72 http://www.rri.co.id/banda-aceh/post/berita/483395/ragam/curi_sekarung_telur_penyu_dua_nelayan_di_aceh_singkil_ditangkap_polisi.html National 73 http://rajatrepik.com/curi-telur-penyu-di-aceh-singkil-2-nelayan-diciduk/ National 74 http://aceh.tribunnews.com/2018/01/26/polrses-aceh-singkil-amankan-sekarung-telur-penyu-dua-orang-nelayan-ditahan Local 75 https://www.kanalaceh.com/2018/01/26/polisi-bekuk-nelayan-pencuri-59-telur-penyu-di-aceh-singkil/ Local 76 https://www.kba.one/news/mencuri-telur-penyu-dua-nelayan-singkil-ditangkap/index.html National 77 http://www.tagar.id/yang-dicuri-telur-tapi-telur-penyu-langka-mereka-pun-dicokok/ National 78 https://www.acehportal.com/2018/01/26/polisi-amankan-2-tersangka-dan-puluhan-butir-telur-penyu-di-singkil/ Local 79 https://news.trubus.id/post/curi-telur-penyu-hijau-2-nelayan-aceh-diringkus-polisi-6258 National 80 http://mediaaceh.co/2018/01/26/34703/telur-penyu-59-butir-diamankan-polres-aceh-singkil National 81 https://news.detik.com/read/2018/01/26/102259/3834376/10/curi-telur-penyu-di-aceh-singkil-2-nelayan-diciduk National 82 https://news.okezone.com/read/2018/01/26/340/1850514/2-nelayan-ditangkap-karena-kedapatan-mencuri-59-butir-telur-penyu National 83 http://aceh.tribunnews.com/2018/01/27/polis-amankan-sekarung-telur-penyu-langka Local 84 https://www.jawapos.com/read/2018/01/27/184300/telur-penyu-antarkan-dua-nelayan-aceh-masuk-bui National 85 http://news.analisadaily.com/read/pelaku-perdagangan-organ-tubuh-satwa-dilindungi-diamankan-sporc/499676/2018/02/05 Local 86 http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/02/06/jual-bagian-tubuh-satwa-liar-dilindungi-lelaki-deli-serdang-ini-diamankan-petugas/ National 87 https://edisimedan.com/pria-ini-diciduk-karena-jual-organ-satwa-dilindungi-lewat-medsos-barang-buktinya-mencengangkan/ Local 88 http://pekanbaru.tribunnews.com/2018/02/06/pria-ini-jual-bagian-tubuh-satwa-dilindungi-di-facebook-ini-dia-barang-buktinya Local 89 http://www.stripetosecure.or.id/jual-bagian-tubuh-satwa-dilindungi-di-facebook-pedagang-sate-ditangkap.php National 90 http://m.liputan6.com/regional/read/3262072/pedagang-satai-ketahuan-jual-tas-macan-hingga-kuku-beruang National 91 https://news.trubus.id/post/jual-kulit-dan-kuku-harimau-di-facebook-pria-di-sumut-ditangkap-petugas-6680 National 92 http://www.medanbisnisdaily.com/news/read/2018/02/06/336489/tukang-satai-ditangkap-jual-satai-hewan/ Local 93 https://www.beritamandiri.co/2018/02/06/jual-kulit-harimau-di-facebook/ National 94 http://www.infomenarik-terbaru.com/pedagang-satai-ketahuan-jual-tas-macan-sampai-kuku-beruang/ National 95 http://medan.tribunnews.com/2018/02/06/penjual-satwa-dilindungi-di-medsos-diringkus-balai-gakkum-sudah-pernah-jual-50-kali Local 96 http://www.tamiangnews.com/2018/02/balai-gakkum-klhk-wilayah-sumatera.html National 97 http://news.analisadaily.com/read/berkas-tersangka-penjual-kulit-harimau-dilimpahkan-ke-kejati-sumut/518192/2018/03/08 Local 98 https://www.goaceh.co/berita/baca/2018/03/08/akhirnya-jpu-terima-berkas-tersangka-perdagangan-satwa-liar/ Local 99 http://dnaberita.com/2018/03/10/klhk-limpahkan-kasus-perdagangan-satwa-ke-kejatisu/ National 100 http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/03/18/berkas-lengkap-kasus-perdagangan-kulit-harimau-sumatera-siap-disidang/ National 101 https://17merdeka.com/hukum-kriminal/Satwa-Dilindungi-Diperjualbelikan-Pebisnis-Ini-Lewat-Online National

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102 https://seruji.co.id/daerah/sumatera/ilyas-terancam-kurungan-5-tahun-akibat-perdagangkan-organ-harimau-lewat-facebook/ National 103 http://medan.tribunnews.com/2018/04/11/menjual-bagian-satwa-langka-yang-dilindungi-negara-m-ilyas-diadili Local 104 http://www.infomenarik-terbaru.com/menjual-bagian-satwa-langka-yang-dilindungi-negeri-m-ilyas-diadili/ National 105 http://www.jurnalasia.com/medan/sidang-perdagangan-satwa-dilindungi-terdakwa-mengaku-membeli-lewat-belanja-online/ National 106 http://news.metro24jam.com/read/2018/04/12/55838/jual-beli-satwa-dilindungi-anak-helvetia-diadili National 107 https://makobar.com/jual-aksesoris-dari-kulit-harimau-ilyas-diadili-di-pn-medan/ National 108 http://www.mediaapakabar.com/2018/04/jalani-sidang-istri-ilyas-menangis.html National 109 http://www.medanbisnisdaily.com/news/read/2018/04/19/344528/terdakwa_perdagangan_satwa_dilindungi_membeli_online/ Local 110 https://makobar.com/lakukan-perdagangan-satwa-dilindungi-ilyas-dituntut-3-tahun-penjara/ National 111 http://matatelinga.com/Berita-Sumut/Jual-Organ-Satwa-Dilindungi--Ilyas-Dituntut-Tiga-Tahun-Penjara Local 112 http://kbr.id/nasional/05-2018/penjual_organ_harimau_dan_beruang_dituntut_3_tahun_penjara/96128.html National 113 https://www.jawapos.com/read/2018/05/16/213166/dituntut-3-tahun-pria-ini-lemas-di-persidangan National 114 http://news.analisadaily.com/read/penjual-tubuh-satwa-dilindungi-dituntut-3-tahun-penjara/556068/2018/05/16 Local 115 https://www.gosumut.com/berita/baca/2018/05/16/jual-organ-satwa-dilindungi-ilyas-dituntut-3-tahun-penjara/ Local 116 http://dnaberita.com/2018/05/16/jual-kulit-harimau-dan-beruang-ilyas-dituntut-tiga-tahun-penjara/ National 117 http://medan.tribunnews.com/2018/05/16/jual-tubuh-harimau-dan-beruang-ilyas-diancam-3-tahun-penjara-dan-denda-100-juta Local 118 http://republika.co.id/share/p8tu4j335 National 119 http://www.medanbisnisdaily.com/news/read/2018/05/17/347401/penjual_organ_satwa_dilindungi_dituntut_tiga_tahun/ Local 120 http://www.jurnalasia.com/medan/jual-organ-satwa-dilindungi-ilyas-dituntut-tiga-tahun-penjara/ National 121 http://hariansib.co/view/Kriminal/204237/Jual-Organ-Tubuh-Satwa-Dilindungi--Ilyas-Dituntut-3-Tahun.html National 122 https://www.merdeka.com/peristiwa/jual-bagian-tubuh-harimau-dan-beruang-ilyas-dituntut-3-tahun-penjara.html National 123 http://beritabagus001.news/ilyas-jual-bagian-tubuh-harimau-dan-beruang-sehingga-dituntut-3-tahun-penjara/ National 124 http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/05/19/3-tahun-penjara-untuk-penjual-kulit-harimau-sumatera-pantaskah/ National 125 http://sumut.pojoksatu.id/2018/05/23/penjual-organ-harimau-dan-beruang-divonis-dua-tahun-penjara/ Local 126 https://www.antarafoto.com:443/bisnis/v1527071701/vonis-perdagangan-organ-satwa-dilindungi National 127 https://www.merdeka.com/peristiwa/jual-bagian-tubuh-satwa-dilindungi-via-medsos-ilyas-dihukum-2-tahun-penjara.html National 128 https://daerah.sindonews.com/read/1308381/191/penjual-organ-harimau-dan-beruang-divonis-2-tahun-penjara-1527090429 National 129 http://medan.tribunnews.com/2018/05/23/jual-satwa-langkah-di-media-sosial-m-ilyas-dipenjara-selama-2-tahun-dan-denda-rp-50-juta Local 130 http://medan.tribunnews.com/2018/05/23/jual-bagian-tubuh-satwa-dilindungi-secara-online-ilyas-divonis-2-tahun-penjara Local 131 https://makobar.com/lakukan-perdagangan-satwa-dilindungi-ilyas-divonis-2-tahun-penjara/ National 132 http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/05/25/hanya-2-tahun-penjara-vonis-hakim-untuk-penjual-kulit-harimau-sumatera/ National 133 http://www.mongabay.co.id/2018/08/14/hakim-vonis-46-tahun-pedagang-trenggiling-dan-beruang-madu-di-sijunjung/ National 134 http://ksdae.menlhk.go.id/berita/3047/perdagangan-online-satwa-dilindungi.html National 135 https://bbksdasumaterautara.com/2018/03/20/perdagangan-on-line-satwa-dilindungi/ National 136 http://banjarmasin.tribunnews.com/2018/05/15/krimsus-polda-kalsel-gagalkan-penjualan-bagian-tubuh-hewan-dilindungi Local 137 https://deskgram.org/p/1779765893100682278_6183321541 National 138 https://www.antaranews.com/berita/710184/polda-kalsel-ungkap-perdagangan-satwa-dilindungi National 139 https://jatim.antaranews.com/nasional/berita/710184/polda-kalsel-ungkap-perdagangan-satwa- Local dilindungi?utm_source=antaranews&utm_medium=nasional&utm_campaign=antaranews 140 https://kalsel.antaranews.com/berita/66822/polda-kalsel-ungkap-perdagangan-awetan-satwa-dilindungi Local 141 http://jejakrekam.com/2018/05/15/jual-beli-organ-hewan-langka-warga-pantai-hambawang-disel-ditreskrimsus-polda-kalsel/ National 142 http://sentralone.com/baca/polda-kalsel-amankan-pelaku-perdagangan-satwa-langka National 143 http://www.kalimantanpost.com/dit-krimsus-polda-kalsel-gagalkan-transaksi-tengkorak-hewan-dilindungi/ National

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144 http://www.kalimantanpost.com/dit-krimsus-polda-kalsel-gagalkan-transaksi-tengkorak-hewan-dilindungi/ Local 145 https://srogonkaberita.blogspot.com/2018/05/penyergapan-penjual-potongan-tubuh.html Local 146 https://redkal.com/ditreskrimsus-polda-kalsel-berhasil-bongkar-praktik-perdagangan-hewan-dilindungi/ Local 147 https://m.liputan6.com/regional/read/3527557/penyergapan-penjual-potongan-tubuh-beruang-madu-dan-macan-dahan National 148 http://video.tribunnews.com/view/52419/polda-kalsel-bekuk-pelaku-penjual-bagian-tubuh-hewan-dilindungi National 149 https://www.kompasiana.com/kalimantanselatan/5afc9d06dd0fa8613b09cc82/perdagangan-gelap-tubuh-satwa-dilindungi-diungkap-dit-reskrimsus-polda-kalsel National 150 https://humas.polri.go.id/2018/05/dit-reskrimsus-polda-kalsel-ungkap-perdagangan-satwa-di-lindungi/ National 151 http://www.acehkita.com/terduga-penjual-kulit-harimau-ditangkap/ Local 152 https://www.acehportal.com/2018/05/16/penjual-kulit-harimau-sumatera-ditangkap-di-lamtamot-aceh-besar/ Local 153 https://habadaily.com/hukum/12778/seorang-diduga-penjual-kulit-harimau-ditangkap-di-aceh-besar.html Local 154 https://aceh.antaranews.com/berita/45396/penjual-kulit-harimau-ditangkap-di-aceh-tengah Local 155 http://modusaceh.co/news/penjual-kulit-harimau-ditangkap-di-aceh-tengah/index.html Local 156 http://sumutpos.co/2018/07/23/jual-kulit-harimau-dua-petani-aceh-ditangkap/ Local 157 http://beritakini.co/news/polisi-tangkap-dua-petani-penjual-kulit-harimau-di-aceh-selatan/index.html National 158 https://www.inews.id/daerah/aceh/190257/polisi-ungkap-sindikat-perdagangan-kulit-harimau-sumatera-di-aceh National 159 http://gunungleuser.or.id/polres-aceh-selatan-ringkus-penadah-kulit-harimau/ National 160 https://independensi.com/2018/07/23/satreskrim-polres-aceh-tangkap-dua-penjual-kulit-harimau/ National 161 http://www.acehtrend.com/2018/07/23/polres-aceh-selatan-ringkus-dua-terduga-penjual-kulit-harimau-sumatera/ Local 162 http://news.metro24jam.com/read/2018/07/23/59970/polres-aceh-selatan-ungkap-perdagangan-kulit-harimau-sumatera-harganya-wow National 163 https://www.liputanaceh.com/satreskrim-polres-asel-tangkap-dua-penjual-kulit-harimau-sumatera/ Local 164 https://www.antaranews.com/berita/729247/dua-penjual-kulit-harimau-diciduk-polisi National 165 https://tribratanewsacehselatan.com/dua-pedagang-kulit-harimau-ditangkap-sat-reskrim-polres-aceh-selatan/ National 166 https://habadaily.com/hukum/13250/polisi-tangkap-penjual-kulit-harimau-di-aceh-selatan.html Local 167 https://daerah.sindonews.com/read/1324279/174/satreskrim-polres-aceh-selatan-gagalkan-penjualan-kulit-harimau-sumatera-1532336009 National 168 https://www.acehportal.com/2018/07/23/dua-penjual-kulit-harimau-ditangkap-di-aceh-selatan/ Local 169 http://rubernews.com/2018/07/23/polres-aceh-selatan-tangkap-dua-pelaku-penjual-kulit-harimau-sumatera/ National 170 http://www.meganusantara.info/polres-aceh-selatan-amankan-pelaku-penjualan-kulit-harimau/ National 171 https://harianandalas.com/kanal-hukum-kriminal/penjual-kulit-harimau-ditangkap Local 172 https://harianrakyataceh.com/2018/07/24/polisi-tangkap-penjual-kulit-harimau/ Local 173 http://m.akurat.co/id-260949-read-polisi-amankan-2-warga-penjual-kulit-harimau National 174 https://suaramedia.id/polres-aceh-selatan-tangkap-dua-penjual-kulit-harimau-sumatera/ National 175 http://mediarealitas.com/penjual-kulit-raja-hutan-di-aceh-selatan-di-cokol-polisi/ National 176 https://news.detik.com/read/2018/07/24/104604/4130216/10/jual-kulit-harimau-rp-50-juta-dua-warga-aceh-ditangkap National 177 http://aceh.tribunnews.com/2018/07/24/polisi-bekuk-pejual-kulit-harimau Local 178 https://www.oborkeadilan.com/2018/07/dua-penjual-kulit-harimau-sumatera.html Local 179 https://www.harianaceh.co.id/2018/07/24/dua-warga-aceh-ini-ditangkap-karena-jual-kulit-harimau/ Local 180 https://kompas.id/baca/nusantara/2018/07/25/dua-ditangkap-diduga-hendak-jual-kulit-harimau-sumatera/ National 181 http://aceh.tribunnews.com/2018/08/01/polisi-hadirkan-saksi-ahli Local 182 https://www.harianaceh.co.id/2018/08/01/polres-aceh-selatan-hadirkan-saksi-ahli-kasus-kulit-harimau-sumatra/ Local

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APPENDIX 4: Y3Q4 LESTARI-SUPPORTED TRAININGS *For trainings from Q1-3, please refer to the LESTARI Quarterly Progress Reports covering those reporting periods

LESTARI Event: Technical Number of Assistance, Landscape Participants Training, Title Dates Key Participants Summary of Outcomes / Province (male and Workshop, female) Partner Consultation Built understanding that FMUs can facilitate good forest Government, management at the site level that balances economic, Challenges and Katingan- Community, Forest 121 people (106 social, and ecological functions. FMUs can support Workshop Opportunities for FMUs in July 4-5, 2018 Kahayan Management, men, 15 women) GOI mandate to provide access to communities Central Kalimantan University & NGO, through social forestry while maintaining and protecting these forest areas. Community, Visit by Tetra Tech Village, Visit by Tetra Tech President to view implementation of Katingan- July 10-11 30 people (all Meeting President to Katingan- Government, LESTARI activities in the landscape and discuss Kahayan 2018 male) Kahayan Landscape Private Sector, challenges with field teams NGO Review Village Forest Management Plan of NGO, Private Assistance with the preparation of Rencana Kerja Tangkahen, Tumbang Katingan- July 10-12, 36 people (24 Training Sector, FMU, Hutan Desa (RKHD) for social forestry institutions that Tarusan, Bawan and Kahayan 2018 male, 12 female) Community have obtained permits in the previous year Tambak Villages in Pulang Pisau District Engage Private Sector Presentation of private investment plans in certain Investment at a Specific Katingan- Private Sector & 4 people (all Meeting July 16, 2018 areas of KPH XXXI and opportunities for financing from Region for Rubber at KPHP Kahayan FMU male) BLU (Badan Layanan Umum) at KLHK Unit XXXI Strengthen rubber KUBK through joint work in larger entities, namely processing and marketing of rubber Build Stakeholder materials Collaboration for Scaling Up 49 people Katingan- July 18-20, Community & Meeting Rubber Initiative & (43 male ; 6 Kahayan 2018 Government Presentation of a follow-up plan for institutional Sustainable Livelihood at female) strengthening of UPPB and a plan for strengthening KPHP Kahayan Hilir rubber quality processing materials through financing from BRG funds

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Land Mapping Under Community Area (Data Katingan- Private Sector & 15 people (13 Synchronization of HPH and community maps in Meeting Synchronization between July 25, 2018 Kahayan Government male, 2 female) forestry partnership in KPHP Unit XVI FMU XVI & HPH – PT. Bumimas Permata Abadi Introducing Monitoring & Introduction of forestry monitoring systems in KPHP Katingan- FMU & 11 people (10 Training Patrol Management System July 26, 2018 management area unit 15-16 through support of BPHK Kahayan Government male, 1 female) at FMU Kahayan Hulu and Balai Gakkum Kalteng Administrators and members of Improve data on members of farmer groups and land women’s farmer maps in 2 forest farmer groups Technical Preparations for Coffee 12 people (2 Leuser/Aceh July 7, 2018 groups, Assistance Processing Field School male, 10 female) administrators of Complete documents for establishing Pacu Prima Gayo Pacu Prima Gayo Cooperative Cooperative Assistance in the Management of the 10 people (8 Production of the cooperative work plan for 2018/2019 Technical Preparation of Cooperative Leuser/Aceh July 16, 2018 Pacu Prima Gayo male, fiscal year covering: forest protection, cooperative Assistance Work Plan Cooperative 2 female) business, and women’s welfare and empowerment Participants can apply best practices to ensure clean, Representatives healthy, and safe food from Women’s 32 people(32 Training Food Safety Training Leuser/Aceh July 31, 2018 Farmer Groups female) Participants can understand and follow the steps in the from 4 villages process of arranging a permit Preparation of RPJMDes in Aceh Forpala (grantee), The RPJMDes document for Jamboe Papuen Village Technical July 25-26, 52 people (43 Jamboe Papeun and Bukit Selatan- village members has been established and approved for the period of Assistance 2018 male, 9 female) Meuh Villages Aceh and leaders 2017-2022

Training in Nursery Community, 66 people (40 Training in the cultivation of palm trees and planting Training Development in Pepelah Gayo Lues July 11, 2018 students male, 26 female) palm sugar Village

Participants understand the concept of mixed use agroforestry Community leaders, village Participants understand the purpose of nurseries, types Aceh Barat July 14-15, 31 people (9 Training Field School government, of nurseries, seed enrichment methods, certification, Daya 2018 male, 22 female) farmers, LPHD, and nutmeg grafting techniques village cadres Participants understand the purpose/value of organic farming and techniques to make organic fertilizer

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Elephant population calculation using Dung Count Calculation of Elephant Method will be applied in SMART patrol activities in July 6-11, Mahout, BKSDA 18 people (16 Training Population Using Dung Aceh Selatan order to acquire better understanding of population 2018 staff, FMU VI staff male, 2 female) Count Method distribution/trends and guide more effective conservation management moving forward Data Consignment and FMU V, VI, Pre-Assessment for BKSDA, Bappeda, Debriefing to the working team responsible for the Aceh July 25-27, 27 people (22 Workshop Forest Management Provincial development of Long-Term Forest Management Plans Province 2018 male, 5 female) Improvement in FMU V Government in FMU V and VI and VI Agencies Identification of reduction in deforestation through satellite image data after SMART patrol activities (85.8 ha/year from 2013-2015 and 10.8 ha/year from 2016- 2018) Evaluation of SMART BBKSDA Papua, 22 people (17 Workshop Patrol Implementation in Cyclops July 4, 2018 Masyarakat Mitra Identification of 16 locations with still high levels of male, 5 female) 2016-2017 Polisi (MMP). threat for the focus of 2018 patrols

Agreement on priority location for drone-based patrols (Resorts of Moy, Sentani, Port Numbay, Imbi Numbay, and Tepra Resort) Short list of 5 strategic issues for the sustainable SEA Technical FGD With Working 48 people development of each cultural region Papua Working Group, Workshop Group for SEA RPJMD July 4-6, 2018 (32 male, 16 Province community female) List of indicators for sustainable development based on Papua Province representatives the Ministry of Home Affairs Regulation 7/2018 Training in participatory mapping with the Nawaripi indigenous community

Mimika Church Technical 45 people Screening and discussion of conservation and Indigenous Peoples Lorentz leaders, local Assistance, July 4-6, 2018 (40 male, 5 environment-themed films Protection Program Lowlands government, village training female) communities Draft participatory map that identifies culturally and environmentally significant areas that require protection in Nawaripi Village SEA Development, Environment and Agreement with the SEA Working Group to carry out Partner Revision or Updating Lorentz July 9-11, 5 people (all Forestry Agency, analyses of government policies, plans, and programs Consultation with Supplementary Lowlands 2018 male) Bappeda in conjunction with the SEA-RTRW consultant Assessments

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LEMASKO, Marine Training for officials and communities in two villages Formulation of Village and Fisheries about the protection and sustainable utilization of Regulations on Natural Agency, Lorentz natural resources 29 people Resource Utilization and Lorentz National Park staff, Training July 6-9, 2018 (25 male, 4 Protection in villages Lowlands Cendrawasih Draft Village Regulation (PerKam) and public female) buffering Lorentz University, village consultation in both villages National Park officials, community 2 potential Champions identified Initial agreement regarding the schedule to start the Capacity Building on Village socialization of the establishment of the BUMK Partner Establishment of BUMK Lorentz Empowerment 9 people (all July 10, 2018 Consultation on water Resource Lowlands Agency of Asmat male) Discussions to link BUMK with the Agats Diocese and Agats Diocese Management - Yepem Cooperative for a joint partnership The Provincial Government agreed to issue an invitation for the public and attend the event on July 26, 2018

Lorentz National The Papuan Government agreed to support a multi- Park management, 7 people stakeholder forum (FKPTNL) to support collaboration to Papua Provincial (6 male, 1 better manage the national park Government, Head Meetings for the Public July 6-10 and female) Partner Lorentz of the Papua Consultation for Revision July 26-28, Proposal for Lorentz NP zonation based on inputs from Consultation Lowlands Provincial Forestry 2018 72 people multi-stakeholders of Lorentz National Park Agency, (58 male, 14 Universitas Papua, female) Public consultation held and signed off by multi- 2 representatives stakeholders of KSDAE-PIKA

Final improvements to data quality and maps by technical team and submission for approval to KSDAE- PIKA on August 2, 2018 Marine and Discussion on Village Fisheries Agency, Entered technical information to the draft PerKam in Lorentz National 10 people Kanmapri and Sempan Timur Villages Partner Regulations Regarding Lorentz July 12-14, Park, LEMASKO, (7 male, 3 Consultation Utilization of Fisheries Lowlands 2018 legal drafting female) Final draft of the PerKam and agreement on schedule and Natural Resources consultants, village for public consultation members Improved understanding of SEA Working Group Series of Meetings with Members of the 19 people members through debriefing by LESTARI consultant Technical Lorentz July 13-27, Mimika SEA Working SEA Working (10 male, 9 Assistance Lowlands 2018 Group Group female) Analysis of effect of policies, plans, and programs on 9 SEA considerations

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Draft of the revised RPHJP documents and agreement on a follow-up meeting to finalize them 7 people Technical Revision of FMU VI Lorentz Members of FMU July 25, 2018 (5 male, 2 Assistance RPHJP Document Lowlands VI Mimika Agreement on the schedule to submit the RPHJP for female) approval to the Papua Provincial Forestry Agency and KLHK Representatives Introduction of basic aerial mapping and monitoring by from 6 resorts, 36 people drone experts Monitoring Land Use July 23-28 Masyarakat Mitra Training Cyclops (30 male, 6 Using Drones 2018 PolHut, BBKSDA, female) Mapping via drones carried out in 7 locations in 5 Lorentz National resorts and threatened areas were identified Park management Participants can access data, especially spatial Bappeda, planning information, which has been difficult to obtain Introduction of SIMTARU academia, 30 people Technical Papua for Civil Society July 26, 2018 Indigenous (21 male, 9 Assistance Province Participants understand how to upload findings related communities, 22 female) Stakeholders in Papua to land use / community maps into the SIMTARU local NGOs database

Preparation of Village Monitoring data and information on forest utilization Regulation on Protection Lorentz Nayaro Village 53 orang (all zones Training July 29, 2018 and Utilization in Nayaro Lowlands Community male) Village Forest Village regulation drafted

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APPENDIX 5: LESTARI RESULTS FRAMEWORK

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APPENDIX 6: LESTARI TEAM

PARTNER ROLE

● Overall technical and administrative project management ● Lead donor and government coordination, communication, and local Tetra Tech ARD capacity development activities ● Monitoring, evaluation, and learning

● Gather data, engaged stakeholders, build, and support implementation of the Sustainability Screening Tool for improved provincial and district-level Winrock International natural resource licensing and permitting ● Provide Private Sector Engagement Coordinator ● Establish university linkages with UNPAR, MU, and IPB to build capacity, Michigan State develop curricula, create distance-learning toolkits, and implement a University university-based service learning program ● Manage Lorentz Lowlands, Mappi-Bouven Digoel, Cyclops, and Sarmi Landscape activities ● Improve management effectiveness of national parks, support multi- WWF-Indonesia stakeholder engagement in human-wildlife conflict mitigation, improve biodiversity conservation through SMART Patrols; innovative financing for conservation

● Improve management effectiveness of Leuser National Park and Singkil Wildlife Reserve Wildlife Conservation ● Improve biodiversity conservation through SMART patrols, Wildlife Society Response Unit, and Wildlife Crime Unit ● Leverage financial resources to improve CA management

● Facilitate communities in developing and implementing co-management FIELD agreements in Aceh and Central Kalimantan

Yayasan Sahabat ● Support livelihood expansion and co-management in Aceh Cipta (Swiss ● Develop and implement PPPs for improved sustainable livelihoods Contact-Indonesia)

● Identify and secure innovative financing opportunities for landscape-level PT South Pole conservation Indonesia ● Support implementation of PES schemes in the landscapes

● Support mangrove co-management activities in Lorentz Lowlands Blue Forests ● Leverage financial resources to improve CA management

● Produce and disseminate awareness-raising communications products covering forestry and biodiversity conservation issues within LESTARI INFIS-Mongabay landscapes Indonesia ● Design and implement media advocacy and media capacity building initiatives ● Support the building of long-term constituencies for conservation

Lembaga Wali Amanat (LWA) & ● Conduct Reduced Impact Logging (RIL-C) training for timber concession Tropical Forest partners in Katingan-Kahayan and Sarmi Landscapes Foundation (TFF)

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APPENDIX 7: PROJECT STAFFING CHART

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USAID LESTARI Wisma GKBI, 12th Floor, #1210 Jl. Jend. Sudirman No. 28, Jakarta 10210, Indonesia

Phone: +62 21 574 0565 Fax: +62 21 574 0566 Email: [email protected] Website: www.Lestari-Indonesia.org