DOCSLIB.ORG

Richtlijn: Colorectaalcarcinoom (3.0) Vereniging Klinische Genetica Nederland (VKGN)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Richtlijn: Colorectaalcarcinoom (3.0) Vereniging Klinische Genetica Nederland (VKGN) Colorectaalcarcinoom Landelijke richtlijn, Versie: 3.0 Datum Goedkeuring: 16-04-2014 Methodiek: Evidence based Verantwoording: Landelijke werkgroep Gastro Intestinale Tumoren Inhoudsopgave Algemeen.......................................................................................................................................................1 Screening.......................................................................................................................................................4 Diagnostiek....................................................................................................................................................6 Diagnostiek primaire tumor................................................................................................................6 Aanvullende beeldvorming rectumcarcinoom..............................................................................9 Beeldvorming metastasen.........................................................................................................14 Laparoscopie bij levermetastasen....................................................................................................19 Puncties levermetastasen................................................................................................................19 Pathologie....................................................................................................................................................21 Vereiste klinische gegevens.............................................................................................................21 Minimale rapportage.........................................................................................................................22 Minimum aantal lymfklieren..............................................................................................................23 TNM..................................................................................................................................................24 CRM en kwaliteit chirurgie................................................................................................................25 Beoordeling na neoadjuvante therapie.............................................................................................27 Moleculaire analyses........................................................................................................................28 Mutatieanalyse...........................................................................................................................28 MSI-onderzoek...........................................................................................................................29 Pathologie van leverresecties..........................................................................................................31 Primaire behandeling coloncarcinoom.....................................................................................................33 T1 invasief carcinoom in poliep........................................................................................................33 Laparoscopische chirurgie...............................................................................................................36 Peri-operatieve zorg.........................................................................................................................39 Obstructief coloncarcinoom..............................................................................................................42 Multimodale behandeling bij T4........................................................................................................45 Primaire behandeling rectumcarcinoom...................................................................................................49 Neoadjuvante radiotherapie.............................................................................................................49 TME..................................................................................................................................................55 Rectumsparende behandeling.........................................................................................................57 cT1-2..........................................................................................................................................61 cT2N0 met neoadjuvante therapie.............................................................................................62 cT3N0-1 met neoadjuvante therapie..........................................................................................63 ypT0-1 na (chemo)radiatie en excisie........................................................................................65 ypT2-3 na (chemo)radiatie en excisie........................................................................................65 Respons na chemoradiotherapie...............................................................................................66 Follow-up...................................................................................................................................66 Centralisatie van T4 en lokaal recidief.............................................................................................67 Adjuvante systemische therapie...............................................................................................................70 Stadium............................................................................................................................................70 Adjuvante chemotherapie coloncarcinoom......................................................................................70 Adjuvante chemotherapie rectumcarcinoom....................................................................................74 Metastatische ziekte....................................................................................................................................76 Chirurgische behandeling.................................................................................................................76 Lokale therapie bij niet-resectabele metastasen..............................................................................83 Peritonitis carcinomatosa.................................................................................................................89 Systemische behandeling................................................................................................................90 Primair resectabele metastasen................................................................................................90 Primair irresectabele metastasen..............................................................................................91 Permanent irresectabele metastasen........................................................................................93 Duur van behandeling................................................................................................................97 Oudere patienten.......................................................................................................................97 i Inhoudsopgave De oudere patient........................................................................................................................................99 Nazorg en nacontrole................................................................................................................................100 Follow-up........................................................................................................................................100 Gevolgen van colorectaal carcinoom.............................................................................................104 Fecale incontinentie.................................................................................................................104 Mictieproblemen.......................................................................................................................107 Seksueel dysfunctioneren........................................................................................................109 Ondersteunende zorg.....................................................................................................................110 Communicatie en besluitvorming............................................................................................................113 Organisatie van zorg.................................................................................................................................117 Diagnostische fase.........................................................................................................................117 Behandelfase.................................................................................................................................118 Nazorgfase.....................................................................................................................................119 Ondersteunende zorg.....................................................................................................................120 Referenties.................................................................................................................................................123 Bijlagen......................................................................................................................................................219
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Sa G Es 2 0 0 6 Sages Lunches
    TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 SAGES Corporate Supporters S 2 Hotel Contact Information THANKS TO OUR 2 General Information about the Meeting A 2 Registration Hours & Information CORPORATE SUPPORTERS: 2 Exhibits and Exhibit Only Registration G 5 SAGES Meeting Leaders PLATINUM LEVEL DONORS 7 SAGES Accreditation & CME Worksheet AUTOSUTURE & VALLEYLAB – E 8 Forde Tribute Dinner DIVISIONS OF TYCO HEALTHCARE 8 Hilton Anatole Floor Plan S 9 SAGES Schedule at a Glance ETHICON ENDO-SURGERY, INC. SAGES 2006 Postgraduate Courses 15 Bariatric Postgraduate Course KARL STORZ ENDOSCOPY-AMERICA, INC. 2 16 Joint SAGES-MIRA Symposium–Robotics 0 35 Colon Postgraduate Course OLYMPUS AMERICA 55 SAGES Allied Health Professionals Course GOLD LEVEL DONORS 0 SAGES 2006 Hands-On Courses 12 Joint IPEG/SAGES Pediatric Fellows Inamed Health 6 Advanced Techniques Hands-On Course Stryker Endoscopy 20 Surgeon in the Digital Age 27 Advanced Skills & Laparoscopic Techniques SILVER LEVEL DONORS Hands-On Course Boston Scientific Endoscopy 28 SAGES/SLS Simulator Hands-on Course Davol, Inc. 31 SAGES Endoluminal Surgery Hands-on Course General Surgery News 18 Joint SAGES/ACS Sessions Gore & Associates, Inc. 18 Inflammatory Bowel Disease 18 The Changing Face of Surgical Education BRONZE LEVEL DONORS 20 Ethicon Patient Safety Lunch Adolor Corporation and GlaxoSmithKline 22 International Video Session: Teleconferenced to Asia Aesculap 23 SAGES Technology Pavillion B-K Medical Systems 27 SAGES/IPEG Combined Video Breakfast Session Cook Surgical 32 SAGES/Fellowship Council Lunch 37 SAGES Hernia Symposium Medtronic 37 SAGES Bariatric Symposium SurgRX 39 SAGES 2006 Scientific Session Synovis Surgical Innovations 41 SAGES Presidential Address Taut, Inc. 43 Gerald Marks Lecture Tissue Science Laboratories 53 Karl Storz Lecture 44 SAGES/IPEG Panel, SAGES/ASGE Panel, Hernia Panel SAGES recognizes TATRC as a Meeting Supporter.
    [Show full text]
  • Colorectal Cancer
    Colorectal Cancer Your Care and Recovery It is normal to feel overwhelmed by a cancer diagnosis. Mount Carmel’s team of expert healthcare professionals are here to support you during this difficult time. You and your doctor have determined that surgery is the next step in your treatment. This book has been provided to help you understand the different aspects of your care and the resources that are available to help you through your diagnosis, treatment, and recovery. Keep these suggestions in mind: Don’t be afraid to ask questions. Keep a written list of your questions to take with you to your doctor's appointments. To make an informed choice, ask about your treatment options, including the pros and cons of each and potential side effects. Bring someone with you to your appointments to help you listen, ask questions, and take notes. It is hard to absorb everything by yourself. Keep a log of your healthcare journey as you go along. Express your feelings — talk with friends and family members and ask for help. For your continued health education, this booklet and others are available on mountcarmelhealth.com. 2 Table of Contents Diagnosis ....................................................... 4 Going Home ............................................... 20 Building and Working with Guidelines for Home ...................................... 20 Your Healthcare Team ..................................... 4 Common Diet Problems ................................ 23 Cancer Patient Navigator Program ................ 4 Follow-up Care ...............................................
    [Show full text]
  • Diverting Stoma Versus No Diversion in Laparoscopic Low
    in vivo 33 : 2125-2131 (2019) doi:10.21873/invivo.11713 Diverting Stoma Versus No Diversion in Laparoscopic Low Anterior Resection: A Single-center Retrospective Study in Japan LIMING WANG, YASUMITSU HIRANO, TOSHIMASA ISHII, HIROKA KONDO, KIYOKA HARA, NAO OBARA, PAULEON TAN and SHIGEKI YAMAGUCHI Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan Abstract. Background/Aim: The purpose of this retrospective anastomotic leakage (5, 6). Therefore, a diverting stoma (DS) study was to describe the benefits and risks of a diverting is recommended for such high-risk patients (7). Although a stoma (DS) in laparoscopic low anterior resection (LAR) for DS may be of potential benefit to patients undergoing an rectal cancer. Materials and Methods: A total of 140 and 167 anterior resection, stoma-related complications can also occur. patients without and with DS, respectively, were included in These range from mild to devastating, with some patients this study in a high-volume cancer center of Japan within an requiring reoperation and long-term inpatient care, meaning a 8-year period. Results: Small bowel obstruction occurred DS remains a controversial procedure (8-12). more frequently in patients with DS (2.86% vs. 16.17%, A double stapler technique (DST) combined with a p<0.001). The difference in anastomotic leakage rate was not circular stapler is currently the most commonly feasible statistically significant (11.43% vs. 10.18%, p=0.72). In method for LAR anastomosis. However, anastomotic leakage multivariate analysis, the operating time was associated with often occurs at the overlap of the anastomotic staples (13).
    [Show full text]
  • ORAL PRESENTATIONS Turk J Surg 2017; 33 (Suppl.-1): 1-92 DOI: 10.5152/Turkjsurg.2018.011018 13Th Turkish Congress of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery
    13th TURKISH CONGRESS OF HEPATO-PANCREATO-BILIARY SURGERY 1-4 NOVEMBER 2017 / Antalya www.hpb2017.org ORAL PRESENTATIONS Turk J Surg 2017; 33 (Suppl.-1): 1-92 DOI: 10.5152/turkjsurg.2018.011018 13th Turkish Congress of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery SS-01 Patients with malignant liver tumors who consulted after the diagnosis of hemangioma İbrahim Tayfun Şahiner1, Arzu Poyanlı1, Bülent Acunaş2, Mine Güllüoğlu3, Cem İbiş4, Yaman Tekant4, İlgin Özden4 1Department of General Surgery, İstanbul University İstanbul School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey; Department of General Surgery, Medical Faculty, Hitit University, Çorum, Turkey 2Department of Radiology, İstanbul University İstanbul School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey 3Department of Pathology, İstanbul University İstanbul School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey 4Department of General Surgery, İstanbul University İstanbul School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey Introduction: Taking lessons from the experiences gained from patients who had been followed up due to the diagnosis of hemangioma in other health institutions but were found to have malignant tumors in our institution. Method: The recordings of 15 patients treated between January 2003 and May 2016 were examined retrospectively. Results: The median age of patients, 8 of whom were male, was 56 years (35-80 years). Ultrasonography (n:6), MR (n:6), and CT (n:3) had been used for the final diagnosis in another center. In our department, 13 of patients had MR and 2 of them were diagnosed with malignant tumor based on CT taken in the other center. In other words, ultrasonography findings of the other center were not confirmed by MR examination performed in our department and it was seen that CT and MR images of other patients were inadequate and/or misinterpreted.
    [Show full text]
  • PRIVILEGE APPLICATION FORM - [Mercy Medical Center] Zz.Surgery General
    PRIVILEGE APPLICATION FORM - [Mercy Medical Center] zz.Surgery_General, Current Privilege Status Key Practitioner's Current Privilege status is signified in ( ) preceding each privilege. G = Granted W = Withdrawn T = Temporary P = With Proctor A = Assist with C = With Consult E = Emergency Only RQ = Requested L = Leave of Absence R = Resigned S = Suspended Staff Category - Associate Staff Requested Granted () ASSOCIATE MEDICAL STAFF: The associate Medical Staff shall consist of physicians, dentists and podiatrists who are being considered for advancement to membership as active or courtesy members of the Medical Staff. They shall be appointed to a specific department and may be appointed to serve on committees. They shall be ineligible to hold office in this Medical Staff organization. However, candidates for active staff status shall have voting privileges and shall accept emergency department coverage assignments. All associate Medical Staff memberships shall be provisional for a period of one year. Associate membership renewal may not exceed an additional year, following which the failure to advance from associate Medical Staff membership shall be deemed a termination of Medical Staff membership. An associate Medical Staff member whose membership is so terminated shall have hearing rights accorded by the Medical Staff bylaws if the termination is an Adverse Action as defined in the Medical Staff bylaws. Associate Medical Staff members shall be assigned to a department where their performance shall be evaluated by the chairperson of the department or the chairperson's representative in order to determine the eligibility of such associate staff members for continued Medical Staff membership and for exercising the clinical privileges provisionally granted to them.
    [Show full text]
  • Feasibility of Single-Incision Plus One Port Laparoscopic Low Anterior Resection for Rectal Cancer
    ORIGINAL ARTICLE pISSN 2234-778X • eISSN 2234-5248 J Minim Invasive Surg 2020;23(3):120-125 Journal of Minimally Invasive Surgery Feasibility of Single-Incision Plus One Port Laparoscopic Low Anterior Resection for Rectal Cancer Jae Young Kwak, M.D., Ph.D., Kwan Mo Yang, M.D., Myeong Sik Han, M.D., Ph.D. Department of Surgery, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea Purpose: Single-incision laparoscopic surgery is a recently developed minimally invasive surgical Received May 11, 2020 technique. We aimed to compare the feasibility and safety of single-incision plus one port laparoscopic low Revised 1st June 27, 2020 anterior resection (S+1-LAR) with those of multi-port laparoscopic low anterior resection (M-LAR) for 2nd July 31, 2020 mid-to-low rectal cancer. Accepted August 26, 2020 Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patient characteristics and surgical outcomes by assessing data Corresponding author collected from the medical records of patients who underwent elective laparoscopic low anterior resection Myeong Sik Han for mid-to-low rectal cancer at the Gangneung Asan Hospital. Department of Surgery, Gangneung Results: From April 2015 to April 2019, 52 patients underwent S+1-LAR (n=28) or M-LAR (n=24) for mid- Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan to-low rectal cancer at Gangneung Asan Hospital. There were no significant between-group differences in College of Medicine, 38 Bangdong-gil, clinical characteristics. The mean postoperative 1-day pain score was significantly lower in the S+1-LAR Sacheon-myeon, Gangneung 25440, group. Surgical outcomes and postoperative complications did not differ significantly between the two groups.
    [Show full text]
  • Pain Distraction During Awake Low Anterior Resection and Cuddle Delivery Initiative for Inpatient: Frugal Procedural Options to Support Surgery in the COVID-19 Era
    European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences 2021; 25: 3116-3121 Pain distraction during awake low anterior resection and Cuddle Delivery initiative for inpatient: frugal procedural options to support surgery in the COVID-19 era A. ROMANZI1, M. GABAGLIO2, M. MILANESI1, A. PUTORTÌ1, F. ROSSI1, R. SCOLARO1, B. VIGNATI3, A. ZACCARELLI2, M. ZANARDO1, A. VANNELLI1 1Department of General Surgery, Valduce Hospital, Como, Italy 2Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Valduce Hospital, Como, Italy 3Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences “Luigi Sacco”, University of Milan, Milano, Italy Abstract. – OBJECTIVE: Since minimally in- Introduction vasive surgery and general anesthesia are both aerosol-generating procedures, their use be- During coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) came controversial during the outbreak of coro- pandemic the demand for critical care beds navirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Moreover, so- cial distancing resulted in serious psychological among the medical services has rapidly exceed- consequences for inpatients. This case report ed its supply and this put almost all healthcare investigates pain distraction during awake lapa- systems to the test. Elective surgery has been rotomy, as well as new possibilities for emotion- drastically limited. After lockdown, innovative al postoperative support to inpatients. COVID-19 preoperative triage protocols allowed PATIENTS AND METHODS: A 72-year-old to gradually reopen and ramp-up elective surger- man affected by middle rectal adenocarcinoma underwent lower anterior resection plus total ies. Nevertheless, ICUs remained far from being mesorectal excision under combined spinal-epi- COVID-free for a long time and this restricted dural anesthesia. A 3D mobile theatre (3DMT) the surgical strategies. was intraoperatively used for pain distraction.
    [Show full text]
  • Can the POLARS Tool Accurately Predict Low Anterior Resection Syndrome in Rectal Cancer Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Resection?
    Clinical research Can the POLARS tool accurately predict low anterior resection syndrome in rectal cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic resection? Paweł Bogacki1, Jan Krzak2, Tomasz Gach1, Wojciech Szwed3, Mirosław Szura1 1Department of Experimental and Clinical Surgery, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Corresponding author: Poland Paweł Bogacki 2Department of Surgery, South Jutland Hospital, Aabenraa, Denmark Department of Experimental 3Department of General and Oncological Surgery, St John Grande Hospital, Krakow, and Clinical Surgery Poland St. John Grande Hospital in Krakow Submitted: 27 February 2019 11 Trynitarska St. Accepted: 21 July 2019 31-061 Kraków, Poland E-mail: Arch Med Sci [email protected] DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms.2019.87760 Copyright © 2019 Termedia & Banach Abstract Introduction: Radical rectal cancer resection can lead to a long-term bowel function impairment known as low anterior resection syndrome (LARS). It remains unclear how to determine which patients are at a higher risk of developing LARS post-surgery. The POLARS tool was designed to predict the onset and severity of LARS in rectal cancer patients after surgery. The study aimed to assess the accuracy of POLARS in predicting the onset of LARS. Material and methods: A total of 66 rectal cancer patients treated laparo- scopically between January 2016 and December 2017 were included in this retrospective study. Using POLARS, the predictive value for the occurrence of LARS was documented. During an average 17-month follow-up period, the bowel function of the patients was assessed using the dedicated LARS questionnaire. The predicted and actual scores were then compared. Results: Study participants included 36 women (54.5%) and 30 men (45.5%), with a mean age of 62.55 years (SD 10.2; range 37–81).
    [Show full text]
  • Optimal Management of Low Anterior Resection Syndrome
    National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Final Colorectal cancer (update) [E2] Optimal management of low anterior resection syndrome NICE guideline NG151 Evidence reviews January 2020 Final Developed by the National Guideline Alliance part of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists FINAL Error! No text of specified style in document. Disclaimer The recommendations in this guideline represent the view of NICE, arrived at after careful consideration of the evidence available. When exercising their judgement, professionals are expected to take this guideline fully into account, alongside the individual needs, preferences and values of their patients or service users. The recommendations in this guideline are not mandatory and the guideline does not override the responsibility of healthcare professionals to make decisions appropriate to the circumstances of the individual patient, in consultation with the patient and/or their carer or guardian. Local commissioners and/or providers have a responsibility to enable the guideline to be applied when individual health professionals and their patients or service users wish to use it. They should do so in the context of local and national priorities for funding and developing services, and in light of their duties to have due regard to the need to eliminate unlawful discrimination, to advance equality of opportunity and to reduce health inequalities. Nothing in this guideline should be interpreted in a way that would be inconsistent with compliance with those duties. NICE guidelines cover health and care in England. Decisions on how they apply in other UK countries are made by ministers in the Welsh Government, Scottish Government, and Northern Ireland Executive.
    [Show full text]
  • Open Access Cionm in Intrathoracic Goiter
    Abstracts – DGCH Annual Congress 2018 – Berlin, April 17–20 • DOI 10.1515/iss-2018-3001 s1 Innov Surg Sci 2018; 3, (Suppl 1): s1–s231 Open Access cIONM in intrathoracic goiter – different decision of sternotomy (Abstract ID: 52) N. Sehnke1, K. Schwarz1, P. E. Goretzki1 1Städtische Kliniken Neuss - Lukaskrankenhaus Background: In about 1-15% of thyroidectomies, the goiter is intrathoracic with higher rates of complications and a somewhat different management. In the literature sternotomy should only be performed in cases of previous cervical thyroidectomy, invasive carcinoma and truly intrathoracic location. Materials and methods: We retrospectively analyzed 160 patients (269 nerves at risk) with thyroid surgery for intrathoracic goiter between 2001 - 06/2017. Intrathoracic goiter was defined when the retrosternal part exceeded 50% of the whole goiter. There were 83 women (52%) and 77 men (48%) with a median age of 63 years (range 34 to 98 years). 32 patients (20%) presented with a recurrent goiter. cIONM was used in 26 patients (16,2%). Results: A cervical approach was used in 126 patients (75%). 38 patients required median sternotomy and in two patients a lateral thoracotomy was performed (25%). In our collective most recurrent intrathoracic goiters were in the posterior left mediastinum. Indication for sternotomy was the complicated nerve course on the right side, whereas the size of the tumor on the left side was the reason for sternotomy. The preoperative decision for sternotomy was only in one case in the group of cIONM, whereas without cIONM in 60% of operations. Postoperative complications in these 160 patients were 16 transient hypocalcaemias, 10 transient and 3 permanent recurrent nerve palsies and 3 patients with collar secondary bleeding.
    [Show full text]
  • Totally Robotic Low Anterior Resection and Left Colectomy With
    Central JSM Surgical Oncology and Research Bringing Excellence in Open Access Research Article *Corresponding author Leonardo Lenisa, Casa di Cura San Pio X – Humanitas Hospital, Via F. Nava, 31 – 201569 - Milan, Italy, Fax Totally Robotic Low Anterior 390269516317; Tel: 390269516844 ; Email Submitted: 01 July 2016 Resection and Left Colectomy Accepted: 03 August 2016 Published: 12 August 2016 with Systematic Splenic Flexure ISSN: 2578-3688 Copyright Mobilization a Single Docking © 2016 Lenisa et al. OPEN ACCESS Procedure for Sigmoid and Keywords • Robotic surgery • Colorectal cancer Rectal Cancer: Technical Notes • Mini invasive surgery and Results • Single docking Mégevand J, Rusconi A, Amboldi M, Lillo L, Lenisa L *, and Borin S Department of General Surgery, San Pio X – Humanitas Hospital, Italy Abstract Surgery with robotic systems is known to have several advantages despite laparoscopy, even in colorectal cancer. However, there is no standard procedure to maximize the advantages of the DaVinci® Si Surgical System. The authors describe their personal single stage totally robotic technique, applying the robotic system during all of the dissection steps in left colon and rectal cancer surgery with a single docking. From March 2012 to March 2016, 83 consecutive patients affected by left colon or rectal cancer were selected for robotic-assisted colorectal resection with DaVinci® Si Robotic System (Intuitive Surgical Inc., Sunnyvale, CA); clinical and pathological outcomes were prospectively collected and reviewed. All patient underwent left colectomy (LC) or low anterior resection (R-LAR) with a single stage, totally robotic dissection, performed following these steps from the top downwards in a clockwise direction to avoid arm collision, splenic flexure mobilization, legation of inferior mesenteric vessels and medial to lateral colon dissection, mobilization of descending and sigmoid colon, TME and rectal dissection, rectal transection and anastomosis.
    [Show full text]
  • Richtlijn Colorectaal Carcinoom 2014
    1 2 3 4 5 Richtlijn Colorectaal Carcinoom 6 en Colorectale Levermetastasen 7 Richtlijn Colorectaal2014 carcinoom en colorectale levermetastasen – NOG NIET GEAUTORISEERD 1 8 9 Inhoud 10 1 ALGEMEEN 4 11 2 SCREENING 6 12 3 DIAGNOSTIEK 8 13 3.1 Diagnostiek primaire tumor 8 14 3.2 Aanvullende beeldvorming rectumcarcinoom 13 15 3.3 Beeldvorming bij levermetastasen en extrahepatische afwijkingen 18 16 3.4 Diagnostische laparoscopie bij levermetastasen 24 17 4 PATHOLOGIE 26 18 4.1 Vereiste klinische gegevens 26 19 4.2 Minimale rapportage in conclusie 26 20 4.3 Minimum aantal lymfeklieren 28 21 4.4 TNM 29 22 4.5 CRM en kwaliteit chirurgie 30 23 4.6 Beoordeling na neoadjuvante therapie 32 24 4.7 Moleculaire analyses 33 25 4.7.1 Resistentiebepaling: KRAS-mutatieanalyse 33 26 4.7.2 MSI-onderzoek 34 27 4.8 Pathologie van leverresecties 36 28 5 PRIMAIRE BEHANDELING COLONCARCINOOM 38 29 5.1 T1 invasief carcinoom in een poliep 38 30 5.2 Laparoscopische chirurgie 42 31 5.3 Peri-operatieve zorg 45 32 5.4 Obstructief coloncarcinoom 49 33 5.5 Multimodale behandeling Bij T4 coloncarcinoom 55 34 6 ADJUVANTE SYSTEMISCHE THERAPIE 58 35 6.1 Stadium 58 36 6.2 Adjuvante chemotherapie voor het coloncarcinoom 58 37 6.3 Adjuvante chemotherapie voor het rectumcarcinoom 62 38 7 PRIMAIRE BEHANDELING RECTUMCARCINOOM 64 39 7.1 Neoadjuvante radiotherapie 64 40 7.2 Totale Mesorectale Excisie (TME) 70 41 7.3 Rectumsparende behandeling 73 42 7.3.1 cT1-2 74 43 7.3.2 cT2N0 met neoadjuvante therapie 77 44 7.3.3 cT3N0-1 met neoadjuvante therapie 78 45 7.3.4 ypT0-1 na (chemo)radiotherapie
    [Show full text]