Strategic Studies Ronald HATTO

Home , Strategic studies, The Utility of Force

Année universitaire 2013/2014 Collège universitaire Semestre d’automne

Syllabus

Course Description and Objectives The course examine the theories and concepts that form the basic of strategic studies as a distinct subfield of international relations (IR). The course presents the key ideas and themes of strategic studies, which deals with the preparation and use of military power to serve the ends of politics but also what are the means to avoid the use of force. Please note that the course is NOT directly interested in ethical and normative problems linked to the use of force. To adopt Robert Cox’s terminology, the lecture is much more Problem-Solving than Critical. That is why we do not really address notions like just wars or democratic peace.The course aims to guide students through a wide-ranging survey of theoretical and practical aspects of strategic studies. It will include sections on the uses of strategic theory, instruments of war - land, sea, and air power - and their evolution, nuclear strategy, limited war, small wars and counter-insurgency, arms control, and war termination. The course tries to strike a balance between theoretical works and case studies. The goal is thus to link the study of strategy with the realities of modern politics. The ultimate aim is to help students practice the skills that are critical to success in public service as well as the private sector—deep intellectual knowledge of the core issues of our time; analytical thinking and effective writing skills. Students are also expected to engage the readings fully and actively participate in seminar discussions and debates in the limits of the format of a lecture.

Course validation 1) A Midterm Take-Home Exam (50%) 2) A Final Take-Home Exam (50%)

27, rue Saint-Guillaume 75007 Paris France T/ +33 (0)1 45 49 50 51 - F/ +33 (0)1 42 22 39 64 www.sciences-po.fr 1. Introduction: The importance of the use of force and coercive diplomacy in world politics + What are Strategic Studies?

Reading: BETTS, Richard K., “Is Strategy an Illusion?”, International Security, Vol. 25, No. 2, 2000, pp. 5-50.

Part. 1 Evolution and Types of Warfare

2. Land Warfare

Reading: SHIMSHONI, Jonathan, “Technology, Military Advantage, and World War I: A Case for Military Entrepreneurship”, International Security, Vol. 15, No. 3, 1990- 1991, pp. 187-215.

3. Naval Warfare

Reading: LAUTENSCHLAGER, Karl, “Technology and the Evolution of Naval Warfare”, International Security, Vol. 8, No. 2, 1983, pp. 3-51.

4. Air Warfare

Reading: PAPE, Robert A., “The True Worth of Air Power”, Foreign Affairs Vol. 83, No. 2, 2004, pp. 116-130.

5. Weapons of Mass Destruction/Unconventional Weapons

Reading: McNAUGHER, Thomas L., “Ballistic Missiles and Chemical Weapons: The Legacy of the Iran-Iraq War”, International Security, Vol. 15, No. 2, 1990, pp. 5-34.

Part. 2 Strategic Issues of the 21st Century

6. Asymmetric Wars and Counterinsurgency

Reading: MAZZAR, Michael J. “The Folly of ‘Asymmetric War’”, The Washington Quarterly, Vol.31, No. 3, 2008, pp. 33–53.

7. Nuclear Deterrence and Proliferation

Reading: GRAY, Colin S., “To Confuse Ourselves: Nuclear Fallacies” in The Second Nuclear Age, Boulder, Lynne Rienner, 1999.

27, rue Saint-Guillaume 75007 Paris France T/ +33 (0)1 45 49 50 51 - F/ +33 (0)1 42 22 39 64 www.sciences-po.fr 8. Arms Control and Disarmament

Reading: JERVIS, Robert, “Arms Control, Stability, and Causes of War”, Political Science Quarterly, Vol. 108, No. 2, 1993, pp. 239-253.

9. Peace Operations and Privatization of Security

Reading: TARDY, Thierry, “A Critique of Robust Peacekeeping in Contemporary Peace Operations”, International Peacekeeping, Vol. 18, No. 2, 2011, pp.152-167.

10. The Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA) and Communication Technology

Reading: TOGUCHI, Robert M. & RINALDO, Richard J., “Land Warfare in the Information Age”, The Land Warfare Paper, No. 47, September 2004.

Part. 3 Conclusions

11. The New Agenda for Strategic Studies

Reading: BRIGGS, Chad M. “Environmental Change, Strategic Foresight, and Impacts on Military Power”, Parameters, Vol. 40, Autumn 2010, pp. 76-90.

12. What Future for Strategy and Strategic Studies?

Reading: GRAY, Colin S., “New Directions for Strategic Studies? How Can Theory Help Practice?”, Security Studies, Vol. 1, No. 4,1992, pp.610-635.

27, rue Saint-Guillaume 75007 Paris France T/ +33 (0)1 45 49 50 51 - F/ +33 (0)1 42 22 39 64 www.sciences-po.fr Bibliography

Please note that some journals are available online and the following links can also be useful: http://www.carlisle.army.mil/usawc/Parameters/ http://www.au.af.mil/au/ssq/ http://www.iiss.org/ http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pubs/display.cfm?pubid=947 http://www.defencetalk.com/ http://merln.ndu.edu/whitepapers.html http://www.combat.ws/S4/MILTERMS/INDEX.HTM http://www.internationalpeacekeeping.org/links.html http://www.ndu.edu/inss/mcnair/mcnair.html http://www.nps.edu/Academics/Centers/CCC/Publications/index.html http://www.armscontrolcenter.org/policy/missiledefense/

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27, rue Saint-Guillaume 75007 Paris France T/ +33 (0)1 45 49 50 51 - F/ +33 (0)1 42 22 39 64 www.sciences-po.fr BAYLIS, J., WIRTZ, J., COHEN, E. & GRAY, C. S. (dir.) (2002) Strategy in the Contemporary World. An Introduction to Strategic Studies, Oxford, Oxford University Press.

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27, rue Saint-Guillaume 75007 Paris France T/ +33 (0)1 45 49 50 51 - F/ +33 (0)1 42 22 39 64 www.sciences-po.fr

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27, rue Saint-Guillaume 75007 Paris France T/ +33 (0)1 45 49 50 51 - F/ +33 (0)1 42 22 39 64 www.sciences-po.fr CROCKER, C., HAMPSON, F.O. et AALL, P. (dir.) (2001) Turbulent Peace. The Challenge of Managing International Conflict, Washington D.C., US Institute of Peace Press.

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27, rue Saint-Guillaume 75007 Paris France T/ +33 (0)1 45 49 50 51 - F/ +33 (0)1 42 22 39 64 www.sciences-po.fr FIERKE, K.M. (2002) “Meaning, Method and Practice: Assesing the Changing Security Agenda” in LAWSON, Stephanie (dir.), The New Agenda for International Relations. From Polarization to Globalization in World Politics?, Cambridge, Polity Press, Pp. 128-144.

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27, rue Saint-Guillaume 75007 Paris France T/ +33 (0)1 45 49 50 51 - F/ +33 (0)1 42 22 39 64 www.sciences-po.fr HOWARD, Michael (1988) (1976) La guerre dans l’histoire de l’Occident, Paris, Fayard.

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27, rue Saint-Guillaume 75007 Paris France T/ +33 (0)1 45 49 50 51 - F/ +33 (0)1 42 22 39 64 www.sciences-po.fr

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27, rue Saint-Guillaume 75007 Paris France T/ +33 (0)1 45 49 50 51 - F/ +33 (0)1 42 22 39 64 www.sciences-po.fr SMITH, Dan (2003) Atlas des guerres et des conflits dans le monde, Paris, Autrement.

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27, rue Saint-Guillaume 75007 Paris France T/ +33 (0)1 45 49 50 51 - F/ +33 (0)1 42 22 39 64 www.sciences-po.fr