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Conservation Element COMPREHENSIVE PLAN CONSERVATION ELEMENT Support Document CHAPTER 8: CONSERVATION ELEMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS CONSERVATION ELEMENT.......................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 1 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING .......................................................................................... 2 INVENTORY AND ANALYSIS................................................................................... 4 WATER RESOURCES..................................................................................................... 4 NATURAL COMMUNITIES ............................................................................................. 5 AIR QUALITY ............................................................................................................... 9 COMMERCIALLY VALUABLE MINERALS .................................................................... 10 SOIL EROSION ............................................................................................................ 10 COMMERCIAL USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES ............................................................ 10 CONSERVATION AND RECREATIONAL USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES........................ 10 DEVELOPMENT PRESSURES........................................................................................ 12 POLLUTION ................................................................................................................ 13 HAZARDOUS WASTE.................................................................................................. 15 WATER USE ............................................................................................................... 16 IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES.......................................................................... 19 AIR QUALITY ............................................................................................................. 19 WATER QUALITY ....................................................................................................... 19 FLOODPLAINS ............................................................................................................ 20 WETLANDS ................................................................................................................ 21 WATER CONSERVATION ............................................................................................ 21 SOIL EROSION ............................................................................................................ 22 THE URBAN FOREST .................................................................................................. 22 NATURAL COMMUNITIES ........................................................................................... 22 WASTE MANAGEMENT .............................................................................................. 23 LIST OF TABLES TABLE 1 – POPULATION AND FLOW PROJECTIONS Page 8 - 1 CONSERVATION ELEMENT INTRODUCTION The City of Port Orange has played an important role in environmental protection and conservation in the Halifax area and intends to continue to remain active in these areas into the future. The City's commitment to conservation and environmental protection has been reflected in its willingness to 1) protect floodplains through the Conservation land use designation and Floodplain-Conservation (F-C) Zoning District; 2) regulate tree and vegetation removal; 3) safeguard the purity of the air, water, and soil; 4) avoid the disturbance of wetlands; 5) identify and protect natural communities and endangered species; and 6) take a leadership role in the implementation of wastewater effluent reuse. The purpose of the Element is to provide guidance for the conservation and protection of natural resources which are important to the local quality of life. The intent of the element is to protect the public health, safety and welfare through the retention and protection of "environmentally sensitive lands." Chapter 9J-24.002 F.A.C. defines environmentally sensitive lands as... "...areas of land or water designated in the plan as being needed to serve the purpose of conserving or protecting natural resources or environmental quality and includes areas designated for such purposes as protection of soils, protection of quality or quantity of groundwater or surface water, shorelines, fisheries and wildlife management, protection of vegetative communities or protection of wildlife habitats." There is an on-going need to protect the natural resources and environmental quality that attracted people to the area. This Element will help maintain and improve areas that are suited for development and guide new development away from areas that are not. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING Port Orange lies in the coastal zone, just west of the Atlantic Ocean. The Halifax River is along its eastern border with Spruce Creek cutting through the southern part of the City. The City lies within the Halifax and Spruce Creek drainage basins. It is characterized by various ecosystems including hardwood hammocks, pine flatwoods, freshwater and saltwater marshes, mangrove swamps, xeric hammocks, wet prairies and cypress swamps. These varied ecosystems give the City a wide variety of habitats and landscapes to incorporate into its future growth pattern. Existing Conditions The City of Port Orange has grown from 45,823 in 2000 to approximately 56,732 in 2009. Page 8 - 2 CONSERVATION ELEMENT The City of Port Orange is approximately 80% developed, with the majority of the undeveloped part of the City lying south of Spruce Creek and in the Planned Community- Westside area west of I-95 and north of Taylor Road. Much of the most suitable land has been developed and some of the remaining vacant land is prone to more environmental constraints. Most of Port Orange, like much of the coastal zone, has very little slope and therefore natural drainage is limited. Since the City is in the coastal zone, it is also subject to flooding caused by storm surge. The majority of the future development activity is anticipated to occur in the west and southwest portions of the City. Both of these areas have a considerable amount of environmentally sensitive lands. Water quality in the Halifax River, Spruce Creek, and Rose Bay has been a concern to local residents. Improved waste water treatment, reuse of wastewater effluent, new standards for stormwater retention, local wetland protection, and various capital improvements in targeted areas have helped to improve water quality in area waterways over the last several years. Page 8 - 3 CONSERVATION ELEMENT INVENTORY AND ANALYSIS WATER RESOURCES The City of Port Orange lies within two major drainage basins. The eastern portion of the City is within the Halifax drainage basin with the remainder of the western and southern portions of the City within the Spruce Creek drainage basin (see Figure 4-6). The Halifax drainage basin is highly urbanized and includes portions of several coastal cities. The Spruce Creek basin is less densely populated and includes the larger tracts of undeveloped land within the City. Other waterways also influence the City's drainage patterns. The B-19 canal begins north of Port Orange near the Daytona Beach International Airport, and flows south into Sweetwater Branch and eventually into Spruce Creek. The Halifax (Nova Road) Canal and the Cambridge Canal drain much of the eastern portion of the City. Both canals eventually empty into Rose Bay. Unlike much of Florida, there are no naturally occurring lakes within the City. There are several small isolated ponds that are naturally occurring, but none of any major size or significant recreational value. The majority of the existing lakes are man-made, designed to satisfy local and state requirements for stormwater management. Floodplains Floodplains are valuable resources that provide storage capacity for flood waters and diverse habitat for wildlife. They also have the ability to filter pollutants, provide breeding and feeding areas for many marine and freshwater species, and habitat for many threatened and endangered species. Port Orange floodplains are associated with the Halifax River, Spruce Creek and the tributaries to these waterways. A large portion of the floodplain associated with the Halifax River has been developed, while the majority of the floodplains associated with Spruce Creek are undeveloped and are protected to some extent by local zoning. The City has a Floodplain-Conservation (F-C) zoning designation in its Land Development Code that restricts development below a certain elevation along the Halifax River, Spruce Creek, and the tributaries associated with each. This particular aspect of the Land Development Code has been in place since the early 1970s and has successfully discouraged encroachment by development. Portions of Port Orange lie within the 100-year Floodplain, which means that each year those areas have a one percent chance of flooding. These areas have been designated under the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), which regulates the nation’s flood insurance programs. The City participates in the Federal Flood Insurance Program, and by doing so, requires builders to follow certain regulations to ensure protection from flooding. The intent of both the F-C zoning category and the FEMA requirements for building in the 100-year flood hazard area is to protect the public from flood damage, and the
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