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1 CONTENTS INHIGEO Newsletter No. 43 (Published in May 2011 covering events generally in 2010) INHIGEO BOARD 4 REPORTS President‟s Message: Silvia Figueirôa 5 Secretary-General‟s Report: Barry Cooper 5 INHIGEO 2011, TOYOHASHI, JAPAN 7 INHIGEO BUSINESS NOTICES Minutes of 2010 INHIGEO Business Meeting, Almadén, Spain 9 Agenda INHIGEO Business Meeting, Toyohashi, Japan, August 2011 13 CONFERENCE REPORTS INHIGEO 2010, Spain 13 IUGS 50th Anniversary Event, Paris 2011 22 “History of polar exploration, co-operation, research and logistics”, Oslo, 2010 23 “History of Antarctica and scientific research”, Buenos Aires, 2010 24 First Symposium: History of Geology of Chile 25 CONFERENCE ANNOUNCEMENTS 34th International Geological Congress, Brisbane, Australia 2012 (37th INHIGEO conference) 26 24th International Congress for the History of Science, Technology and Medicine, Manchester, England 2013 (38th INHIGEO conference) 28 OTHER FORTHCOMING ACTIVITIES 28 AWARDS GSA History of Geology Award (2010) to Gabriel Gohau 30 Reinhard Süring Medal to Cornelia Lüdecke 33 Prix Jubilé 2010 Award to Andrea Westermann 33 OBITUARIES Evgeny Alekseyevich Baskov (1925–2010) 33 Masae Omori (1919- 2011) 35 Alexander Meier Ospovat (1923–2010) 36 Manuel Carlos Serrano Pinto (1936 –2011) 39 Wang Hongzhen (1916- 2010) 40 2 INTERVIEW Interview with Yusheng Zhai, Beijing, China, 21 December 2010, Jiuchen Zhang and Yufeng Zhou 42 ARTICLES IUGS 50th Anniversary History Project, Susan Turner 46 Investigations by the German geologist, H. von Abich, in Armenia, Hayk H. Melik-Adamyan & Christophor V. Khachanov 49 Staszic Fascicules, Andrzej J. Wójcik & Wojciech Narębski 52 Early Geological Maps from Central Europe, Alena Čejchanová 54 Mexican geologic cartography: an exhibition marking the centennial of the UNAM, Lucero Morelos Rodríguez 57 NOTES A special historical gem from Hungary 59 International Year of Crystallography – 2013 60 BOOK REVIEWS Stephen K. Donovan (Editor), with contributions from Lawrence J. Chubb and John B. Williams Jamaican Rock Stars, 1823-197: The Geologists Who Explored Jamaica. Memoir 205, Geological Society of America (2010) David Corbett 61 Rosenberg, Gary D. (Editor), The Revolution in Geology from the Renaissance to the Enlightenment: Memoir 203, Geological Society of America (2009) Kennard B. Bork 62 Fritiof M. Fryxell, Ferdinand Hayden: A Young Scientist in the Great West, 1853–1855, Edited by Richard C. Anderson, Phil Salstrom and Paul Salstrom: Rock Island, Illinois: Augustana Historical Society (2010) 281 p. K. R. Aalto 64 John Stuart Webb, F R Eng and the history of Applied Geochemistry at Imperial College, London. Geochemistry: Exploration Environment Analysis 10(3), August 2010 Davis A. Young 66 C. V. Burek and C. D. Prosser (eds), The History of Geoconservation, Special Publications Geological Society, London 300 (2008) E.B. Joyce 69 T. P. Burt, R. J. Chorley, D. Brunsden, N. J. Cox and A. S. Goudie (eds), The History of the Study of Landforms or the Development of Geomorphology, Volume 4: Quaternary and Recent Processes and Forms (1890–1965) and the Mid-Century Revolutions, Geological Society of London (2008) E.B. Joyce 69 3 Guangbo Song, Photo Biography of Ding Wenjiang (V.K. Ting), Hubei Yangtze River Publishing Group Corporation, Wuhan, China (2007) 226 pp. Erping Zhang 70 Xuetong Li, Ping Liu and Xinjun Weng (Editors), Weng Wenhao: Journals between January 1, 1936 and December 31, 1942, China Books Corporation, Beijing, China (2010) 846 pp. Jianzhao [Jim] Yin 72 John Glover with Jenny Bevan, The Forgotten Explorers: pioneer geologists of Western Australia 1826-1926, Hesperian Press, Carlisle, Western Australia, (2010) 231pp. Barry J. Cooper 75 Simon Nathan (with assistance from Les Wright and Brendon Wilshire) Through the Eyes of a Miner - The photography of Joseph Divis, Steele Roberts Publishers 112p. Mike Johnston 77 Additions to “Book Review” published in INHIGEO Newsletter 42 (2010) 79 BOOK & JOURNAL NOTICES 80 COUNTRY REPORTS Argentina 82 Armenia 83 Australia 84 Austria 87 Belarus 88 Bolivia 88 Brazil 89 Canada 90 China 95 Costa Rica 96 Czech Republic 98 Estonia 99 France 99 Germany 100 Hungary 101 Ireland 103 Italy 103 Japan 105 Latvia 107 Lithuania 107 Mexico 108 New Zealand 110 Papua New Guinea 110 Poland 111 Portugal 112 Russia 114 Spain 116 Switzerland 119 United Kingdom 119 United States 121 Uzbekistan 123 HONORARY SENIOR MEMBERS 125 INHIGEO MEMBERS 125 4 Board of the “INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON THE HISTORY OF GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES” April 2011 President Vice-President North America Professor Silvia F. de M. FIGUEIRÔA Dr Gregory A. GOOD Instituto de Geociências Director, Center for History of Physics Universidade de Campinas C.P. 6152 American Institute of Physics 13083-970 Campinas 1 Physics Ellipse São Paulo College Park, MD 20740-3843 BRAZIL USA Tel: 55 19 3521-4553 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Vice-President Latin America Secretary-General Mr. Gerardo J. SOTO Dr Barry J. COOPER Apartado 360-2350 20 Royal Avenue San Francisco de Dos Rios Burnside SA 5066 San José, COSTA RICA AUSTRALIA Tel.: 506-280-0128 Tel: 61 8 8332 1846 Email: [email protected] Emails: [email protected] [email protected] Vice-President Asia Associate Professor Jiuchen ZHANG Past-President Institute for the History of Natural Science Professor Philippe R. TAQUET Academia Sinica Laboratoire de Paléontologie 137 Chao Nei Avenue 8, Rue Buffon Beijing 100010 Paris 75005, FRANCE CHINA Tel: 33-1-4079-3039 Tel: 86 10 8402 7627 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Vice-President Europe Vice-President Australasia and Oceania Dr. Martina KÖLBL-EBERT Professor David OLDROYD Jura-Museum Burgstrasse 19 805/36–42 Stanley Street D-85072 Eichstätt GERMANY St Ives, Sydney NSW 2075, AUSTRALIA Tel.: 49 (0) 8421 2956 Tel.: 61 2 9449 5559 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Ex officio (Past Secretary General) Professor Kennard BORK Department of Geology and Geography Denison University Granville OH 43023 USA Tel 1 740 587 6486 Email: [email protected] 5 President‟s Message (April 2011) Dear Members, old and new, As anyone may notice, our Newsletters get thicker every year, testifying for the vitality of the history of geological sciences in dozens of countries. This year there is no difference, as you will have the pleasure to read in the following pages. Our INHIGEO colleagues from Spain successfully organized the annual conference, the 35th, including fieldtrips, in past July, and more details can be found inside. This year we shall meet in Toyohashi, Japan in August 2011, to discuss the exciting subject of ―Visual Images and Geological Concepts‖. The Second Circular has now been posted at www.inhigeo-jp.org, where you can also find all current news on our 2011 meeting. The terrible recent geological events in North Japan do not interfere with previous plans, and the local Organizing Committee is very active with the preparations. As they say on the website: ―Participation of every member to the conference gives the courage to Japan! We look forward to meeting you in Toyohashi‖. Colleagues, let‘s go and do our part!! The plans for 34 IGC Brisbane 2012 are going on successfully. Details of the INHIGEO symposia, convenors and the pre-conference field trip have now been decided. And they appear in the Second Circular recently released. On 21 February 2011, at the UNESCO Headquarters building in Paris, the celebration of IUGS 50th anniversary took place. Professor Jaques Touret and Dr Jean Gaudant kindly agreed to officially represent INHIGEO at the ceremony, amongst other 200 others who were there. Unfortunately, we do not have only good news. On 15 January 2011 died Professor Manuel Carlos Serrano Pinto, from Aveiro, Portugal. Manuel was INHIGEO President from 2000-2004 and was especially involved in the organisation of a most successful conference held in Portugal in 2001. An obituary may be found inside. In addition we regret also to have to report the deaths of two Honorary Senior Members, Professor Masae Omori (Japan) and Professor Alexander M. Ospovat (USA). Enjoy the reading! Silvia Figueirôa Secretary-General‟s Report (April 2011) Dear Members The past year has been another successful one for INHIGEO and an unexpectedly busy time for me as Secretary General. INHIGEO also welcomes a group of 22 new members from countries as diverse as Argentina, Armenia and Papua New Guinea. As of April 2011 INHIGEO has 233 members from 47 countries. In July 2010, INHIGEO members enjoyed a delightful gathering in Spain for their 35th conference under the theme of ―History of Research in Mineral Resources‖. A Special INHIGEO volume of De Re Metallica was issued prior to the meeting, an abstract volume was published for registrants whilst a volume of expanded conference papers is being published subsequently by the Geological Survey of Spain. Please be sure read to Mike Johnson‘s account of the meeting and associated field trips later in this newsletter as Mike has provided a superb record. During the conference, INHIGEO also held its Annual Business Meeting, the minutes of which are also provided in this newsletter. For our 36th INHIGEO Conference our Japanese colleagues are planning our meeting at Aichi University in Toyohashi City, Aichi Prefecture, Japan, 2–10 August 2011. The theme of symposium will be ―Visual images and geological concepts including the history of geological images, vulcanology, seismology and tectonics.‖ The conference is being planned at an unexpectedly difficult time for Japan following the recent earthquake and tsunami so I hope that INHIGEO members give special consideration to support our Japanese colleagues in their time of need. In August 2012, INHIGEO members will meet in Brisbane, Australia as part of the 34th International Geological Congress in Brisbane, Australia. As an INHIGEO Secretary General based in Australia I have assumed responsibility as ―Theme Convenor: History of Geology‖ for this meeting together with President Silvia Figueirôa as ―International Co-convenor‖.
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  • Yanchang Oilfield

    Yanchang Oilfield

    Chapter 3 China’s First On-Land Oilfield: Yanchang Oilfield 1 Yanchang Oilfield Established, 1905 Yanchang Oilfield is situated in the vast area east of Yan’an in northern Shaanxi Province and west of the Yellow River. Geologically, it belongs to the Ordos Basin, which covers the provinces of Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Shanxi, and Inner Mongolia. Its topography, with abundant gullies and ravines, is typical of the Loess Plateau. The existence of oil in northern Shaanxi has been well- documented in Chinese historical records since early times. In 1905, the Qing dynasty Governor of Shaanxi Province, Cao Hongxun 曹洪勋, wrote a memorial to the throne, requesting permission to establish the Yanchang Oilfield. Although the Qing court granted his request, it did not give him any funding. He boldly used 81,000 taels (= 2,331.25 kg) of the local government’s silver originally intended for wasteland reclamation to build the oilfield. He appointed Expectant District Magistrate Hong Yin 洪寅 to oversee the operation. After two years of preparation, they hired a Japanese technician, Satō Hisarō 佐藤弥朗, who started drilling at Yan-1 Well, in Qili Village 七里村, on June 5, 1907, using a percussion rig brought from Niigata, Japan. Drilling was completed at 81 m on September 10, and the well had an initial daily out- put of 1 to 1.5 tons, which it maintained for ten years. The crude oil from Yan-1 was processed in small copper pots and produced 12.5 kg of lamp oil per day. It was sent for analysis in Xi’an, and it was found that when burnt, it produced a small amount of white smoke.