Biblioteca De Agropecuarias

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Biblioteca De Agropecuarias Biblioteca Digital - Dirección de Sistemas de Informática y Comunicación DEDICATORIA A DIOS Por guiarme en todo momento en su camino de amor y esperanza, por darme fuerzas cada día y haberme permitido llegar hasta este punto, y al mismo tiempo me ha regalado cada una de las cosas más maravillosas que tengo en la vida. A MIS PADRES Antonio y Celinda; por haberme brindado un ambiente de unidad, amor y alegría, en donde pude desarrollar las mejores cualidades a las que aspira todo ser humano. AGROPECUARIAS A MIS HERMANOS DE Elmer, Filadelfo, Alejandro y Yaneth, por su preocupación hacia mí y porque siempre me alentaron a seguir adelante y por la confianza plena que depositaron en mi persona. A MIS AMIGOS Por estar conmigo en las diferentes etapas de mi vida, ya que sin ellos la vida transcurriría en soledad. BIBLIOTECA i Esta obra ha sido publicada bajo la licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento-No Comercial-Compartir bajola misma licencia 2.5 Perú. Para ver una copia de dicha licencia, visite http://creativecommons.org/licences/by-nc-sa/2.5/pe/ Biblioteca Digital - Dirección de Sistemas de Informática y Comunicación AGRADECIMIENTO En primer lugar quisiera agradecer a Dios por permitirme desarrollar la presente investigación de una forma exitosa. A la escuela de Ingeniería Agroindustrial de la Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, por permitirme el acceso para la ejecución de mi Tesis. Al Ing. Julio Rojas Naccha, por su asesoría y consejería en la presente investigación. A todos los docentes de la escuela académico profesional de Ingeniería Agroindustrial de la Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, por haber contribuido con sus conocimientos y experiencias a lo largo de mi formación profesional. A toda mi familia y amigos, por haberme dado todo su apoyo y consejos en los momentos que lo necesitaba. Al Dr. Raúl Siche, por brindarme su apoyo en los momentos que necesitaba durante la realización de las pruebas experimentales pertenecientes al desarrollo de la presente investigación. AGROPECUARIAS DE BIBLIOTECA ii Esta obra ha sido publicada bajo la licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento-No Comercial-Compartir bajola misma licencia 2.5 Perú. Para ver una copia de dicha licencia, visite http://creativecommons.org/licences/by-nc-sa/2.5/pe/ Biblioteca Digital - Dirección de Sistemas de Informática y Comunicación ÍNDICE DE CONTENIDOS I. INTRODUCCIÓN ............................................................................................. 6 II. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS .......................................................................... 8 2.1 FRITURA...................................................................................................... 11 2.2 DETERMINACIÓN DEL COLOR EN FRITURAS .................................. 12 2.3 DETERMIANCIÓN DEL PORCENTAJE DE RETENCIÓN DE ACEITE EN FRITURAS ......................................................................................................... 13 2.4 ANÁLISIS SENSORIAL .............................................................................. 13 2.5 DISEÑO EXPERIMENTAL ........................................................................ 14 2.6 ANÁLISIS ESTADÍSTICO .......................................................................... 16 2.7 ENSAYOS DE CARACTERIZACIÓN ....................................................... 16 III. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN ..................................................................... 17 3.1 CARACTERIZACIÓN DE LA MATERIA PRIMA .................................. 17 3.2 RESULTADOS EXPERIMENTALES SEGÚN DCCR .............................. 19 3.3 GRAFICAS DE CONTORNO .....................................................................AGROPECUARIAS 26 3.4 ANÁLISIS ESTADÍSTICO. ......................................................................... 33 IV. CONCLUSIONES ............................................................................................ 40 V. RECOMENDACIONESDE .................................................................................. 41 VI. REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS ............................................................ 42 BIBLIOTECA iii Esta obra ha sido publicada bajo la licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento-No Comercial-Compartir bajola misma licencia 2.5 Perú. Para ver una copia de dicha licencia, visite http://creativecommons.org/licences/by-nc-sa/2.5/pe/ Biblioteca Digital - Dirección de Sistemas de Informática y Comunicación RESUMEN En el presente trabajo de investigación se evaluó el Efecto de la temperatura y tiempo de fritura en el porcentaje de retención de aceite, determinación de color y aceptabilidad sensorial de rodajas fritas de plátano (Musa Paradisiaca L.) variedad Cavendish. Además se determinó la medición de color por medio de los métodos sensorial e instrumental, lo que permitió comparar los resultados. Para cumplir con los objetivos trazados; se empleó plátano de variedad Cavendish en estadio inmaduro (humedad de 56.8% y grasa de 0.5%), dicha prueba fue sometida a un proceso de fritura por inmersión a diferentes tiempos y temperaturas de proceso, se observó que en la aceptabilidad sensorial por parte de los panelista se situó en el tratamiento 4; es decir a una temperatura de 203°C y tiempo de 111 segundos, en donde se confirma que a mayor tiempo y temperatura de fritura mejor aceptabilidad general se obtiene por parte del consumidor frecuente; mientras que en la determinación de color sensorial el tratamiento 9 que mayor efectividad contiene, es el correspondiente a una temperatura de 185°C y un tiempo de fritura de 90 segundos en donde se puede decirAGROPECUARIAS que a menor tiempo y temperatura de fritura se obtuvo un color que mejor atrae a la vista del consumidor. Los valores de porcentaje DEde retención de aceite se encontraron en un rango desde 20% -30 % expresados en gramos de grasa ganada por 100 gramos de grasa inicial; cuyos valores se encuentran dentro del rango especificado teóricamente. Palabras clave: Plátano, Variedad, color sensorial, aceptabilidad general, BIBLIOTECAretención de aceite. iv Esta obra ha sido publicada bajo la licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento-No Comercial-Compartir bajola misma licencia 2.5 Perú. Para ver una copia de dicha licencia, visite http://creativecommons.org/licences/by-nc-sa/2.5/pe/ Biblioteca Digital - Dirección de Sistemas de Informática y Comunicación ABSTRACT In this research the effect of temperature and frying time on oil retention porcentage determination of color and sensory acceptability of fried slices of banana (Musa Paradisiaca L.) was evaluated. Besides the color it is determined by two sensory and instrumental methods, where it allowed us to compare the results. To meet the goals ; Banana Cavendish was used in immature stage ( humidity of 56.8% and fat of 0.5 % ) , this test was subjected to a process of deep frying at different times and processing temperatures where values greater effectiveness in sensory acceptability by panelist it stood in the treatment 4; ie at a temperature of 203 ° C and time of 111 seconds, which confirms that the more time and frying temperature better overall acceptability is obtained by the frequent consumed ; whereas in determining sensory Color 9 is the treatment that contains more effectively , this being determined at a temperature of 185 ° C and frying time of 90 seconds in which you can say that the lower the time and temperature of frying You get a color that attracts the best view of theAGROPECUARIAS panelist. The values of percentage of oil retention were found in a range from 20 % -30 % expressed in grams of fat per 100 grams gained initial fat, whose values are within the specified range theoretically. DE Keywords: Banana, Variety, sensory color, overall acceptability, oil retention BIBLIOTECA v Esta obra ha sido publicada bajo la licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento-No Comercial-Compartir bajola misma licencia 2.5 Perú. Para ver una copia de dicha licencia, visite http://creativecommons.org/licences/by-nc-sa/2.5/pe/ Biblioteca Digital - Dirección de Sistemas de Informática y Comunicación I. INTRODUCCION Las rodajas fritas, hechas a base de plátano verde, hoy en día gozan de una gran popularidad, la cual vienen día a día creciendo cada vez más a nivel nacional e internacional. Su preparación es fácil y rápida, e inclusive se puede realizar de manera artesanal. En la zona norte de nuestro país existen muchas personas que se dedican a la preparación de chifles o rodajas fritas de una forma artesanal, siendo estos productos de consumo inmediato; lo mismo que permite una comercialización local. Sin embargo en la elaboración de rodajas fritas, se tiene como materia prima principal al plátano de variedad Inguri o comúnmente llamado plátano de freír, por ser el que mayor acogida tiene por el consumidor frecuente. Dentro de las propiedades sensoriales de los alimentos, se encuentran el aspecto y el color de la superficie, los cuales son los primeros parámetros evaluados visualmente por el consumidor y tienen relación directa en la aceptación o rechazo del producto, incluso antes de que entre en la boca. la observación de color por lo tanto, permite la detección de determinadas anomalías o defectos queAGROPECUARIAS los productos alimenticios pueden presentar (Aguilera , et al., 2002) Durante la fritura, el color de los productos se ve afectado por las condiciones del proceso, en especial por el tiempo,DE la temperatura y el tipo de aceite, así como por las características del producto, tamaño y variedad; la medición de color comúnmente se hace con ayuda de un colorímetro,
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