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Abenakiite.(Ce),A New Silicophosphate Carbonate Mineral Frommont Saint.Hilaire, Ouebeg: Descriptionand Structuredetermination

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Abenakiite.(Ce),A New Silicophosphate Carbonate Mineral Frommont Saint.Hilaire, Ouebeg: Descriptionand Structuredetermination 843 TheC anad.ian M ine rala gi st Vol.32, pp. 843-854 (1994) ABENAKIITE.(CE),A NEW SILICOPHOSPHATE CARBONATE MINERAL FROMMONT SAINT.HILAIRE, OUEBEG: DESCRIPTIONAND STRUCTUREDETERMINATION ANDREWM. McDONALD* eNpGEORGEY. CHAO Onawa-larlennGeoscience Centre, Departmmt of EanhSciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario KIS 586 JOELD. GRICE MineralSciences Sectioa Earth Scientes Division, Catnd.ion Mweum of Naare,Ottawa" Ontaria KIP 6P4 ABSTRACT Abenakiite-(Ce)is a new mineral speciesdiscovered at the PoudretteQuarry, Mont Saint-Hilaire, Quebec.It occursas a single 2 x I mm pale brown ellipsoidal grain in associationwith aegirine,eudialyte, mangan-neptunite, polylithio:nite, seran- ditJ, and steenstmpine-(Ce).IhJstreak ii white, and the luster, vitreous.The mineral is brittle, with a conchoidalfracture and has a Mohs a poor {0001} cleavage.It displaysno discemiblefluorescence under long- or short-waveultraviolet radiation, naiOnesigreafur ttran?, anOei*riUlts a very weak effervescencein l:t ffCL D(meas.)is 3'21, D(calc') 3.27 glcn3 for the empirical-formula.Abenakiite-(C6) is uniaxiat negative,ro 1.589(1)and e 1.586(1).The averageof four electron-microprobe *ilyr"r is Na2o 25.32,Ce2915.31,ta2o3 5.94,Nd2O3 7.78,Pr2o32.02,5n2or0.74,T\o21.42, Sro,0.12, sio2 13.30, P2O; 14.11,-SC,22.28,-iO2 8.90 (calc.)' totil'97.24 wt,Eo' coffespondingto Nlrr.rr(_c:1zf9r,Ll,lr,o-! pri.riTh.,us*o.,3Sri.e3)y5.eSi6.56Fr.*cus,.*ou,on the basisof o = 63 or, ideally,.Na26REEu(Sior)oGo+)o(Co3)6(S#oro wittrz:5. rtli-rtroni6iiiecri,"nS, *in',i-te"oft(2), c 19.761(gA, v 4390.9(l; A3. the strongesteight reflectionsin the X-ray powderpatrern [d in A(O(hft4]are 11.414(?5)(10l),8.036(85X012), 6.554(85X021),4.646Q5)(r04), 3.773(90X131), f.SSitiOlt:fZl, 3.150(i0xt25), 2.674(100)(036).The namehonon the AbenakiIndian Tribe, which inhabited the areaaround Uont'S6nt-Uitaire. The crystal structurehas beenrefined to R = 3.lfto, wR = 3.0V0for 2176 observedtF>6o(Dl reflections. The structure,when viewed along c, may be best describedin terms of a {63} hexagonalnet, with chainsof NaOTpolyhedra joined to POagroups at the nodesof the net and columnsof six-memberedSiOa, NaO7, and NaOT-REEO6polyhedral rings in the center.Within the columnsare NaO6 octahedr4 CO3 groups, and disorderedSO, groups. Keywords:abenakiite-(Ce), new mineral species,silicophosphate carbonate, X-ray data,chemical composition, crystal structure,Mont Saint-Hilaire,Quebec. SoM:r,tene L'ab6nakilte-(Ce), nouvelle es$ce min6rale, provient de L canibre Poudrette,au mont Saint-Hilaire, Qu6bec.Elle se pr6senteen cristaux uniquesellipsoidaux, brun pile, mesurant2 x I mm, en associationavec aegyrine,eudialyte' mangan- d'un min6ral neptunite,polylithionite, -une seranditeet steenstrupine-(Ce).Sa rayure est blanche, et son 6clat, vitreux. Il s'agit cassantayant surfaceconcho'idale et montrantun clivage {0001} d€ pidtre qualit6. L'ab€nakiite-(Ce)ne monfe aucune fluorescenceen lumibre ultra-violette(ondes longues ou courtes);sa duretd(6chelle de Mohs) est inf6rieure I 4, et en pr6sence de HCI (l:l), elle produit une trbs faible efferveicence.La de;itd mesur6eest 6gale d3.2I, et la densit6calcul6e, 3.27 glcrfr pour la fofmule empitiq*. Elle est uniaxe n6gative,o 1.589(1),e 1.536(1).Quatre ardyses d la microsondedlectonique ont ionn6, en moy"*", NirOx.lZ,Cgo, 15.3i, l.a2q5.94, NEo3 7.?8,F'2o3202, Smzo30.74, T1lo2l.42, Sro 0.12,sio2 13.30,p2O5'14.ll,Sb2 2.28, C62-8.90(cali.)-, pour un total de 97.247o(poids), ce qui correspond.i Na24.23 (Cq.7Ndi3;a1.ssPr0j6Ttb6Smo.,rSr6pg.eSi6.56P5.eoa6sr.06o63sur une basede 63 atomesd'oxygbne ou, plus simplement, Na*fn.fSib"l.fpO"j"iCfj"j"tseO,lCi,- f="1 iih,"f.i.r6.'iii.i). C'"rt un min6ral rhombo6drique,R3, avec a 16.018(2), c ti.lOi@) A, V +lSO".SttiA3.t e. nuit ruiesles plusintenses du trac6de diffractionX [m6thodedes poudres, d n \(D(hkl)l sonf 11.4i4(?5X101),8.036(Ss)(012),6.554(8t(021),4.646Qs)(rM),3173(90)(13r),3.s91(80x312),3.1s0(70x12s)' 2.6?4(100X0,O. l, oo- honore la tribu des Ab6nakis, qui peuplait autrefois la r6gion du mont Saint-Hilaire. Nous avons r6solu la structurecristalline iusqu'd un r6sidu R de 3.lVo (wR 3.07o)en utilisant 2116 r6flexions observees[F > 6o(D]. La structue, le long de c, d6crit un r3seauhexagonal { 63}, avecdes chalnes de polybdresNaOT li6s h desgroupes POa aux noeuds du €seau, et au"" d"s colonnesd'anneaux h six membres(SiOa, NaO7, NaO?-IRO) dans le centre. Dans ces colonnesse fouvent desoctabdres Nao6, desgroupes COr, et desgrouPes SO2 ddsordonn6s. Mots-cbs: abenakilte-(Ce),nouvelle espbcemin€rale, silicophosphatecarbonate, donn6es de diffraction X, composition chimique,sfucture cristalline,mont Saint-Flilaire,Qudbec' * Presentaddress: Deparment of Geology,Laurentian University, Sudbury'Ontario P3E 2C6' 844 TIIE CANADIAN MINERAI{EIST INTRoDUcnoN TABLB 1. TSE CIfihitrCAL COMFOSUION (WT.yo) OF ABENAKITE-(Cs) -----F-----7- A single crystal of an unknown phase(IK85) was - discoveredin a xenolith of sodalitesvenite in nephelinesyenite at the Poudrette Nqo 25.U 25.33 25.52 25.37 2532 27.67 Quarry,Mont Saint- cqo. 15.50 15.36 rlu 15.15 1531 16.91 Hilaire, Rouville County,Qu6bec. This phasehas been tero. 6.08 5.86 6.11 5.69 5.94 5.60 recognizedas the new mineral speciesabenakiite- Nqo, 8.04 8.07 7.59 7.41 7.74 11.56 (Ce), named after the Abenaki Pr.q 1.91 2.43 1.95 t.77 2.02 Indian tribe, which sno, 0.88 0.78 0.59 0.70 0.74 inhabitedthe areaaround Mont Saint-Hilaire.Both the Tho, 1.86 r.27 t.zt r.32 r.42 mineml and its namehave beenapproved by the IMA Sro o.12 0.13 0.09 0.13 0.t2 Commissionon New siq 13.71 13.35 13.00 13.14 13.30 t2.39 Minerals and Mineral Names. P"o, r4.60 r4.09 13.70 14.05 t4.Lt t4.62 The type specimenhas been deposited at the Canadian so, 2.34 2.34 2.18 2.28 228 220 Museumof Nature,Ottaw4 Onhrio (#31501). co; (e.10) (8.e5) (8.?O (8.82) (8.9r) 9.05 99.18 97.96 95.94 95.83 e7.24 lo0 OccunnsNcEAND Assocterm Mnm,nars Avcago of aalysc 1-4 6 mo grain" Abenakiile-(Ce)occurs embedded in sodaliteand is b Calculaed fo lhe fomula, coatedby an unidentifiedrhaMophane-group mineral, which may be a product of its alteration.It is closely associatedwith aegirine,eudialyte, mang4n-neptunite, polylithionite, serandite,and steenstrupine-(Ce).In addition, more tian 72 minerals have been recorded Gasparrini1969). Also soughtbut not detectedwere F, from the samexenolith (Chao et al.l99l). Abenakiite- B4 Ti, Fe, M\, Zx, Y, and Ca. A qualitative energy- (Ce) is a late-stagephase, possibly arising from a dispersionscan indicaled less than 0.2 vrt,VoA12O3. metasomaticevent associated with emplacementof the Resultsof theseanalyses are presentedin Table 1. nephelinesyenite. Deficiencies of 10-13 wt.Voare evident; these are attributedto the presenceof elementswith an atomic Ptrysrcer aNo Optrcar h.opsRrrrs number less than eight or to water, which are not detectableby the electron microprobe. The missing Abenakiite-(Ce)occurs as a single, ellipsoidal constituentwas subsequentlyidentified by crystal- crystal measuringapproximately 2 x I mm. It is pre- structureanalysis to be C in the form of a carbonate dominantly pale brown, transparent,has a vitreous group, on the basis ofits electrondensity, its nigonal lusteroa white streak, and does not fluoresce under planar coordinationby oxygen, its mean cation-to- either long- or short-waveulhaviolet radiation. The oxygenbond distances(1.302 A), and its calculated Mohs hardnessis greater than 4. The mineral is bond-valencesum (3.826v.a.). Bond-valence calcula- brittle with a conchoidal fracture and a poor {0001} tions were alsoused to veri$ the absenceof water and 9lgavage.Abenakiite-(Ce) effervesces very weakly in to detenninethe 4+ valenceof the S in the mineral. 1:1 HCl. The measureddensity of abenakiite-(Ce)is The Na2O concentrationsgiven in Table I are 3.21(2) g/cm3, as determinedby flotation in a heavy systematically low, owing to volatilization of Na liquid and a pycnometer.This agreeswell with under the elecfron beam and possibly to vacanciesin the calculateddensity of 3.27 g/cm3,based on the someNa sites of the structure.The averagecomposi- empirical chemical formula and the cell dimensions tion from Table 1 gives the empirical formula (based refined from the powder data. Optically, abenakiite- on O = 63 from results of the crystal-structureanaly- (Ce) is uniaxial(-), with o 1.589(1)and e 1.586(l) sis): Nara.2r(Cer.rrNd,.rrLa1.s3Prr.r.Thr.rosmo.rs (1,= 589nm). It is not pleochroic. Sro.or5.sgSl6.r6P5.esC6Sr.s6O6, which is closeto the structural formula Na26fiEE6(SiO3)6@Or6(COr6 CrnmcarDare (SO)O, wrthZ=3. Gladstone-Daleconstants (Mandarino 1981) were Electron-microprobeanalyses were done on a usedto calculalea compatibility index of 0.017, indi- CambridgeMicroscan MK5 instrumentusing an oper- cating superioragrcement among optical, physical and ating voltage of 15 kV and an estimatedbeam-current chemicaldata. of 30 nA. The electronbeam was rasteredover atr area of 60 x 60 pm2 to mini6l2e damage1o jtre sample. X-Ray Cnysrar.t,ocnapnyaND Wavelength-dispersiondata were collected using-the Cnysrar,-Srnucnins Dr.rsRlvm{ATIoN following standards:albite (Na), hornblende (Si;, apatite @), celestine(S, Sr), REE glasses(Ia" Ce, h, Precessioncamera photographs show abenakiite- Nd, Sm), and ThOr. Thesewere reducedusing a (Ce) to be_rhombohedral,with possible space-groups modified version of EMPADR VII (Rucklidge & R3 and R3. The observedX-ray powdeipattern for ABENAKtrTE-(Ce) FRoM MONT S{NT-HILAIRE 845 TABII 2.
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