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Nicola Watershed Characterization Nicola Watershed Characterization Nicola Watershed Characterization A preliminary evaluation of watershed issues and priority recommendations for the Nicola Forum March 2019 Prepared for The Nicola Government to Government Forum Nicola Watershed Characterization Prepared for: A preliminary evaluation of watershed issues and Nicola Government to Government Forum, with priority recommendations for the Nicola Forum project administration March 2019 provided by the BC Ministry of Forest, Lands, Natural Resource Operations and Rural Development Contacts: Lead Authors: Donald Robinson Heike Lettrari Patricia de la Cueva Bueno Water Policy Advisor [email protected] Andrew Thompson T: 778 698-4394 Erica Olson Mike Simpson FLNORD Contract: NR19NRH0303 Suggested citation: ESSA Technologies Ltd. and Fraser Basin Council. 2019. Nicola watershed characterization - a preliminary evaluation of watershed issues and priority recommendations for the Nicola Forum. Report prepared by ESSA Technologies Ltd. and Fraser Basin Council for the Nicola Government to Government Forum, Merritt, BC. 43 p. + Annexes. Cover Photo: April 2019 at the confluence of the Coldwater and Nicola Rivers © 2019 Mike Simpson, used with permission. ESSA Technologies Ltd. Vancouver, BC Canada V6H 3H4 www.essa.com Nicola Watershed Characterization Table of Contents 1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Context of the Nicola Watershed ............................................................................... 1 1.2 Rationale and scope of the Nicola Watershed Characterization ................................. 3 2 Approach ............................................................................................................................. 4 2.1 General Method ......................................................................................................... 4 2.2 Interviews .................................................................................................................. 4 2.3 Metadata Framework ................................................................................................. 6 2.3.1 Literature Review ........................................................................................... 6 2.3.2 Collection of Spatial Data ............................................................................. 10 3 Key Issues and Concerns Identified Through Interviews .............................................. 13 3.1 Water Balance and Hydrology ................................................................................. 13 3.2 Balancing Water Uses ............................................................................................. 14 3.3 Aquatic Ecosystem Habitats & Flows ....................................................................... 14 3.4 Watershed Governance ........................................................................................... 15 4 Knowledge Base ............................................................................................................... 17 4.1 Indigenous Knowledge ............................................................................................ 17 4.2 Literature Review ..................................................................................................... 18 4.3 Mapped Data ........................................................................................................... 31 5 Analysis and Recommendations ..................................................................................... 33 5.1 Data & Knowledge Gaps ......................................................................................... 33 5.1.1 Water quantity and hydrology ....................................................................... 33 5.1.2 Water uses ................................................................................................... 33 5.1.3 Baseline conditions ...................................................................................... 34 5.1.4 Cumulative effects on fish and other key watershed values.......................... 34 5.2 Recommendations ................................................................................................... 34 5.2.1 Improve the Use of Indigenous Knowledge in Decision Making .................... 35 5.2.2 Improve Understanding of Water Balance and Water Use ........................... 36 5.2.3 Improve Protocols for Balancing Instream Flow & Drought Management ..... 37 5.2.4 Prioritization Framework for Restoration Projects ......................................... 38 5.2.5 Water Use & Ecological Monitoring Program ................................................ 39 5.2.6 Create a Nicola Watershed Data Portal ........................................................ 40 5.3 Next Steps ............................................................................................................... 41 6 References......................................................................................................................... 42 Appendix A – List of Interviews ............................................................................................. 45 Appendix B – Interview Consent Form .................................................................................. 47 Appendix C – Anticipated Questions & Answers ................................................................. 49 Appendix D – Key Messages ................................................................................................. 51 1 | P a g e ESSA Technologies Ltd. Appendix E – Phase 1 Interview Questions .......................................................................... 54 Appendix F – Phase 2 Interview Questions .......................................................................... 57 Appendix G – Reports provided by FNLRORD ..................................................................... 61 Appendix H – Values Identified in Interviews ....................................................................... 65 List of Figures Figure 1: A map of the Nicola Valley showing sub-basins (blue), First Nation communities, parks and municipalities. .......................................................................................... 1 Figure 2: Nicola Chiefs, March 2018 Memorandum of Understanding signing ceremony. ........... 2 Figure 3: General outline of the process and types of knowledge integrated during the project. ..................................................................................................................... 4 Figure 4: Screen capture of part of the file (“Document data framework (May 2019).xlsx”) containing document metadata. Note that documents can include multiple themes. .................................................................................................................... 9 Figure 5: Screen capture of part of the file (“GIS data framework (May 2019).xlsx”) containing spatial metadata. ................................................................................... 12 Figure 6: Cumulative number of reports on the Nicola watershed ............................................. 19 Figure 7: A suggested template for the development of a restoration framework (from Olson et al. 2018). ............................................................................................................ 39 List of Tables Table 1: Supporting documents used for the interviews. ............................................................. 5 Table 2: Major categories of the document metadata framework ................................................ 6 Table 3: Description of the columns found in the spatial metadata framework. ......................... 11 Table 4: Number of Nicola watershed documents discovered and obtained, categorized by document type and by content theme (if assigned). Some documents (such as photos) have not been assigned themes but all documents are accounted for in the right-most Total column. A few documents have not been assigned a type; usually because we were unable to obtain the document. Shaded cells in the bottom row and right column mark the most comment themes and categories, respectively. ........................................................................................................... 20 Table 5: Summary of the themes, actions and data gaps found in the literature review ............ 21 Table 6: Summary of spatial datasets. ...................................................................................... 31 Table 7: Names of most of the 28 interviewees. Some participants requested anonymity for themselves and their affiliation. These individuals are denoted as “Participant.” ..... 45 Table 8: Watershed values identified by Indigenous interviewees ............................................. 66 2 | P a g e Nicola Watershed Characterization Acknowledgements We would like to thank the 28 individuals who participated in the interviews for sharing their time, knowledge, thoughts and valuable perspectives. We are grateful to the Nicola Forum for the opportunity to play a part in the opening stages of implementing the Memorandum of Understanding between the Province and Upper Nicola Band, Lower Nicola Indian Band, Coldwater Indian Band, Nooaitch Indian Band and Shackan Indian Band. We would also like to thank David Lawrence and Nadia Joe at the Nicola Forum for their advice, and Gail Smith at the Merritt
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